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Prolog Worksheet

This document describes a Prolog exercise involving facts about family relationships. It provides facts stating that certain individuals are female/male and that certain individuals are parents of other individuals. It asks the reader to load these facts into Prolog and make queries about the relationships, such as determining who Pat's parent is. It then asks the reader to extend the program by defining predicates for sister, son, father, grandmother, and ancestor and make additional queries to test the new predicates.

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30 views2 pages

Prolog Worksheet

This document describes a Prolog exercise involving facts about family relationships. It provides facts stating that certain individuals are female/male and that certain individuals are parents of other individuals. It asks the reader to load these facts into Prolog and make queries about the relationships, such as determining who Pat's parent is. It then asks the reader to extend the program by defining predicates for sister, son, father, grandmother, and ancestor and make additional queries to test the new predicates.

Uploaded by

proappen24
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Prolog Lab Worksheet

This exercise uses Prolog which comes installed in your CSC481 VM.
Write a Prolog program by creating a file with you favorite program editor that contains the
following facts:

female(pam).
female(liz).
female(ann).
female(pat).
male(tom).
male(bob).
male(jim).
parent(pam,bob).
parent(tom,bob).
parent(tom,liz).
parent(bob,ann).
parent(bob,pat).
parent(pat,jim).

Here the predicate parent(X,Y) means X is the parent of Y. In order to load this program into
Prolog you will have to start Prolog and then either use the ‘consult’ menu point in the File menu
(On Windows you can load the fact database with the menu point File→Consult.) or type:
?- consult(‘<your filename>’).
when prompted (don’t forget the period!).

Exercise 1
Once you have loaded the program pose the following queries:

?- female(ann).
?- female(jim).
?- parent(X,bob).
?- parent(tom,X).
?- parent(X,ann),parent(X,pat).

What are the answers to these queries? Beware, for some queries here might be more than one
answer. To get all the answers type a ';' and carriage return at the question mark.

Exercise 2
Now, using the parent predicate formulate the following Prolog queries:
1. Who is Pat's parent?
2. Does Liz have a child?
3. Who is Pat's grandparent?

Exercise 3

Given the above facts, extend the program by writing rules defining the following
predicates:

sister(X,Y) -- X is the sister of Y.


son(X,Y) -- X is the son of Y.
father(X,Y) -- X is the father of Y.
grandmother(X,Y) -- X is the grandmother of Y.
ancestor(X,Y) -- X is an ancestor of Y.
(Hint: this predicate might come in handy: different(X,Y):- not(X=Y). Some predicate
definitions might be recursive.)
Demonstrate that your program works by posing the following queries:
4. ?- sister(X,pat).
5. ?- sister(X,Y).
6. ?- son(jim,X).
7. ?- father(X,bob).
8. ?- grandmother(X,ann).
9. ?- ancestor(X,jim).

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