Problems To Solve

1.
The headwater of the Bonga River, upstream of Nueva Era dam (proposed) site is currently
undergoing active degradation resulting to massive sediment deposition at the valley floor.
Initial volume estimate of debris that can be generated by the degradation is from 2.5 to 8.3 M
m3. The storage capacity and effective capacity of Nueva Era dam is 5.73 M m3 and 1.17 M m3
respectively indicating a very short life of the dam (Ilocos Norte Irrigation Project – Stage II, p.4)
Ref: https://eia.emb.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/Project-Description_NIA-Region-
1_Ilocos-N-Ilos-S-Abra-Irrigation-Proj.pdf
Ref 2:
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/281464741_Collaborative_Resilience_to_Episodic_S
hocks_and_Surprises_A_Very_Long-Term_Case_Study_of_Zanjera_Irrigation_in_the#pf12
Ref 3: https://www.jica.go.jp/english/our_work/evaluation/oda_loan/post/1999/pdf/30.pdf
The problem described relates to the feasibility of constructing a dam in the Bonga River,
upstream of the proposed Nueva Era dam site. The active degradation of the river's headwater
could lead to the deposition of massive amounts of sediment in the valley floor, which could
impact the storage capacity and effective capacity of the dam.
A study to assess the feasibility of constructing the Nueva Era dam and identify potential
solutions to the sedimentation problem could be conducted using the following methods and
research design:
Site Investigation: A site investigation would be carried out to collect information on the
geological, geotechnical, and hydrological conditions of the proposed dam site. This would
involve fieldwork, laboratory testing, and analysis of existing data and information.
Hydrological Modeling: Hydrological modeling would be used to estimate the potential impact
of sedimentation on the storage capacity and effective capacity of the dam. This would involve
using historical data to calibrate a model of the river system, which could then be used to
simulate various scenarios of sedimentation and assess their impact on the dam.
Capacity-Sedimentation Analysis: A capacity-sedimentation analysis would be carried out to

determine the sedimentation rate and sediment load that the dam can handle without
significant impact on its storage and effective capacity. This would involve analyzing the
sediment transport and deposition characteristics of the river system and identifying potential
solutions to minimize sedimentation.
Cost-Benefit Analysis: A cost-benefit analysis would be conducted to determine the economic

feasibility of constructing the Nueva Era dam, taking into account the potential impacts of
sedimentation on the dam's storage and effective capacity, and the cost of implementing
solutions to minimize sedimentation.
Environmental Impact Assessment: An environmental impact assessment would be conducted
to identify the potential environmental impacts of constructing the dam and propose measures
to mitigate these impacts.
The research design for this study would involve a combination of fieldwork, laboratory testing,
data analysis, and modeling. It would be important to involve stakeholders such as local
communities, government agencies, and environmental organizations in the study to ensure
that their concerns and perspectives are taken into account in the decision-making process.
2. To examine the planning and construction of a piped water system in Bangui, Philippines
Ref: https://sci-hub.ru/10.1007/s10668-005-9021-4
3. obtain a picture of road traffic accidents by using capture-recaptured method and to calculate
an ascertainment corrected number of fatal and non-fatal injury that happened along C-5 Road,
National Capital Region from January to December 2008.
Ref: https://sci-hub.ru/10.1136/injuryprev-2012-040590w.36
4. The poor performance of the irrigation systems studied can be traced to their design
shortcomings and undesirable design features. The potentials for improvements in hydraulic
structures were evident
Ref: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Mona-Liza-Delos-Reyes-2/publication/
279498035_Design_Shortcomings_of_the_Headwork_and_Water_Distribution_and_Control_Fa
cilities_of_the_Canal_Irrigation_Systems_of_Ilocos_Norte_Philippines/links/
55cd693308ae1141f6b9efb0/Design-Shortcomings-of-the-Headwork-and-Water-Distribution-
and-Control-Facilities-of-the-Canal-Irrigation-Systems-of-Ilocos-Norte-Philippines.pdf
5. Seismic Response Analysis of Bongo Bridge Subjected to Multiple Support Excitation due to
Spatial Variation of Ground Motion (Cauplasan Bridge may be a possible subject or Sarrat Br)
Ref: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/George-Taylor-28/publication/
363334743_Seismic_Response_Analysis_of_Bongo_Bridge_Subjected_to_Multiple_Support_Exc
itation_due_to_Spatial_Variation_of_Ground_Motion/links/631848415eed5e4bd15027da/
Seismic-Response-Analysis-of-Bongo-Bridge-Subjected-to-Multiple-Support-Excitation-due-to-
Spatial-Variation-of-Ground-Motion.pdf
Ref for faults: https://faultfinder.phivolcs.dost.gov.ph/
6. LOCAL GOVERNMENTS ON TRAFFIC SIGNALIZATION OF INTERSECTIONS

The study considered the following specific objectives:
• To determine the socio-demographic profile of the city respondents
• To describe the traffic background of the cities
• To determine the significance and level of necessity of signalization
Ref: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Jose-Regin-Regidor/publication/
266181608_PRACTICES_OF_LOCAL_GOVERNMENTS_ON_TRAFFIC_SIGNALIZATION_OF_INTERSE
CTIONS/links/56b2abfa08ae5ec4ed4b593c/PRACTICES-OF-LOCAL-GOVERNMENTS-ON-TRAFFIC-
SIGNALIZATION-OF-INTERSECTIONS.pdf
7. to discover the effects of quarrying in Region 1, which could be gradually unveiled by the
following specific objectives:
1. What are the most popular quarry sites of Region 1 as to: sand, gravel, earth
2. particles or other miscellaneous aggregates?
3. What are the physical effects or natural changes observed in the quarry sites?
4. How is quarrying categorized as to a) controlled or b) uncontrolled in the sites?
5. What positive and negative effects were observed among the residents living near the
quarry sites?
Ref: https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/document?
repid=rep1&type=pdf&doi=e6a7da4774c91c3b5884453aa1ddfe725b941a59
8. Assessment of solid waste management practices in a specific municipality or city in the

Philippines
9. Environmental impact assessment (EIA) of hard rock quarrying in riverbed erosion: A Case Study
of Quarry sites, Padsan River. You could conduct a study to evaluate the impact of quarrying on
the depth of the Padsan River. This could involve analyzing the changes in riverbed
sedimentation and erosion over time and assessing the impact of quarrying on water flow and
quality. Quarrying activities happen to cause huge losses in land and vegetation cover due to the
fact that its operations are usually on a large scale and the sites are abandoned after the
resources have become depleted. This study examined the open cast quarrying technique and
also the spatial pattern of the quarrying activities and their locations in the study area
10. Use of recycled aggregates in concrete: Recycled aggregates from river quarrying activities can
be used as a substitute for natural aggregates in concrete production. You can investigate the
effect of using different percentages of recycled aggregates on the performance of concrete,
including compressive strength, water absorption, and durability.
11. Characterization of aggregates from river sources: Understanding the characteristics of
aggregates sourced from rivers is critical for optimizing concrete mixtures. You can conduct a
comprehensive characterization of aggregates sourced from different rivers in terms of their
physical, chemical, and mineralogical properties and investigate how these properties affect
concrete mixtures' performance.
12. At solsona: study on weirs
13. Laoag Sand Dunes in Lapaz
14. Relative Uplift Rates Along the Vigan–Aggao Fault in Ilocos Norte, Philippines Evaluated Through
Morphometric Analysis
15. Basalt: Ilocos Norte has several active and dormant volcanoes, and as a result, there could be
deposits of basaltic soils in the area. Basaltic soils have high compressive strength and can be
used for various construction purposes, such as making aggregates and road base materials.
16. Traffic Impact Assessment of the DPWH Bypass Projects: This study can assess the impact of the
bypass road on the traffic congestion on the Gilbert Bridge and the San Nicolas Road. The study
can be done through traffic volume counts and simulations to determine the effect of the
bypass road on traffic flow and congestion.
17. Intersection Analysis and Optimization for the Laoag City Road Network: This study can focus on
analyzing the intersections within the Laoag City Road network, including those in the San
Nicolas Road area, and developing strategies for optimizing traffic flow and reducing congestion.
The study can involve experimental studies and correlational analyses of traffic patterns and
intersection design.
18. IMPACT OF QUARRYING ACTIVITIES ON THE NEARBY RESIDENTS WITHIN PADSAN RIVER
19. What is the optimal spacing and configuration of retaining walls along roads and highways of
Pagudpud, Ilocos Norte to prevent landslides and other hazards during earthquakes and heavy
rains?
20. development and implementation of sustainable infrastructure to support the growing tourism
industry in Ilocos Norte. This could include the design and construction of new roads, bridges,
and other transportation infrastructure to support tourist traffic, as well as the development of
sustainable water and waste management systems to ensure the preservation of the natural
environment.
FLOOD BYPASS TUNNELS

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1.

Capacity-Sedimentation Analysis: A capacity-sedimentation analysis would be carried out to

Cost-Benefit Analysis: A cost-benefit analysis would be conducted to determine the economic

Ref for faults: https://faultfinder.phivolcs.dost.gov.ph/

6. LOCAL GOVERNMENTS ON TRAFFIC SIGNALIZATION OF INTERSECTIONS

8. Assessment of solid waste management practices in a specific municipality or city in the

FLOOD BYPASS TUNNELS

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