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© Praadis Education Do Not Copy: Exercise 2.3

The document provides solutions to exercises on finding the remainder when a polynomial is divided by another polynomial using the Remainder Theorem. It solves for the remainder in 5 examples by setting the divisor polynomial equal to 0 to find the value to substitute in the dividend polynomial, then evaluating the dividend polynomial at that value. It also checks if a given polynomial is a factor of another polynomial by dividing the polynomials and checking if the remainder is 0.

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A MANIMARAN manimaran.sh
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33 views5 pages

© Praadis Education Do Not Copy: Exercise 2.3

The document provides solutions to exercises on finding the remainder when a polynomial is divided by another polynomial using the Remainder Theorem. It solves for the remainder in 5 examples by setting the divisor polynomial equal to 0 to find the value to substitute in the dividend polynomial, then evaluating the dividend polynomial at that value. It also checks if a given polynomial is a factor of another polynomial by dividing the polynomials and checking if the remainder is 0.

Uploaded by

A MANIMARAN manimaran.sh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Exercise 2.

Question: 1 Find the remainder when 𝑥 3 - 3𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 + 1 is divided by


(i) x – 1
1
(ii) x -
2

(iii) x

T IO S
(iv) x + 𝜋

I
NO A D
(v) 5 + 2x

CO N
A
Ans.:

PY
DO U A
Remainder Theorem: If f(x) is a polynomial and it is divided by another
polynomial g(x), the remainder of this division equals to the value f(a),
T
ED PR

where a is the solution of polynomial g(x) = 0


for example: if x2 + 2 is divided by x - 1, then to find remainder.
C

put x - 1 = 0 x = 1 and now putting this value in x2 + 1, we get 1 + 1 =2


©

as the remainder.

(i) f(x) = x3 + 3x2 + 3x + 1


Now let g(x) = x + 1 So for finding remainder, put
g(x) = 0x + 1 = 0x = -1
So f (-1) will be the remainder when f(x) is divided by
g(x)f(-1) = (- 1)3 + 3 (- 1)2 + 3 (- 1) + 1
f (-1) = -1 + 3 - 3 + 1
f (- 1) = 0 Hence, Remainder = 0 …(ii)
f(x) = x3 + 3x2 + 3x + 1
1
Now let g(x) = x - So for finding remainder, put g(x) = 0x - 1/2 = 0x
2
= ½ so, f(1/2) will be the remainder when f(x) is divided by
1 1 3 1 3 1
g(x)f( ) = ( ) + 3 ( ) + ( ) + 1
2 2 2 2
1 3 3
= + + +1
8 4 2
1+6+12+8
=

T IO S
8

I
27
=
8
NO A D
CO N
A
27
Hence, Remainder = …(iii)
8

PY
DO U A
f(x) = x3 + 3x2 + 3x + 1
T
ED PR

Now let g(x) = x So for finding remainder, put g(x) = 0x = 0So, f(0) will
be the remainder when f(x) is divided by
C

g(x)f(0) =(0)3 +3(0)2 + 3 (0) + 1


©

f(0) = 1
Hence, Remainder = 1 ……(iv)

f(x) = x3 + 3x2 + 3x + 1
Now let g(x) = x + Π
So for finding remainder, put g(x) = 0x + Π = 0
x=-Π
So, f(- Π) will be the remainder when f(x) is divided by
g(x)f(- Π) = (- Π)3 + 3 (- Π)2 + 3 (- Π) + 1
f(- Π) = - Π3 + 3 Π2 - 3Π + 1
- Π3 + 3 Π2 - 3Π + 1 will be the remainder
(v) f(x) = x3 + 3 x2 + 3 x + 1
Now let g(x) = 5 + 2x
5
So for finding the remainder, g(x) = 05 + 2x = 0x = -
2

So, f(-5/2) will be the remainder when f(x) is divided by g(x)


−5 −5 3 −5 2 −5
f ( ) = ( ) + 3 ( ) + 3 ( ) +1
2 2 2 2

T IO S
−125 75 15

I
= + − +1
8 4 2
NO A D
CO N
−27
=
A
8

PY
f (-5/2) = -27/8 will be the remainder.
DO U A
T
ED PR
C

Question:2 Find the remainder when x3 - ax2 + 6x - a is divided by x - a.


©

Ans.:
By long division method, we have
𝑥2 + 6

𝑥 − 𝑎√𝑥 3 − 𝑎𝑥 2 + 6𝑥 − 𝑎
𝑥 3 − 𝑎𝑥 2
- +
6𝑥 − 𝑎
6𝑥 − 6𝑎
- +
5a
Therefore, the remainder obtained is 5a when x3 – ax2 + 6x – a is divided
by x – a
Remainder theorem:
Now to find the remainder when x3 – ax2 + 6x – a is divided by x – a
we have to put x - a = 0, Thus x = a Let f(x) = x3 – ax2 + 6x – a
and f(a) will be the remainder f(a) = a3 - a. a2 + 6a - a

T IO S
f(a) = a3 - a3 + 5 a

I
NO A D
f(a) = 5 a Hence 5 a is the remainder when x3 – ax2 + 6x – a is divided

CO N
by x – a.
A

PY
DO U A
T
Question: 3 Check whether 7 + 3x is a factor of 3x2 + 7x.
ED PR

Ans.: To check for (3x + 7) be a factor of (3x3 + 7x)


We have to divide 3x3 + 7x by 7 + 3x
C
©

If remainder comes out be 0 then (7 + 3x) will be a factor of (3x3 + 7x).


By long division method,
7 70
𝑥 2- x +
3 9
3𝑥 + 7√3𝑥 3 + 0𝑥 2 +
7𝑥
3 2
3𝑥 + 7𝑥
- -
- 7𝑥 2 + 7x
49𝑥
- 7𝑥 2 -
3
+ +
70𝑥

T IO S
3
70𝑥 490

I
+
NO A D 3 9

CO N
- -
A
490
-
9

PY
DO U A
T
ED PR

As remainder is not zero so (7 + 3x) is not a factor of (3x3 + 7x)


By Remainder theorem:
C

put 7 + 3x = 0we get x = -7/3Now for checking out the remainder put x
©

= -7/3 in (3x3 + 7x)


7 7 3 7
we get, f(− ) = 3 (− ) + 7 (− )
3 3 3
7 343 49
f (− ) = − ( ) − ( )
3 9 3
−343−147
=
9
7 490
f (− ) = - which is not equal to zero and hence (7 + 3x) is not a
3 9
factor of (3x3 + 7x).

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