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    Meningitis Tutorial

    Uploaded by

    Sara Abdo
    The document discusses the symptoms, diagnosis, causative organisms, and treatment for bacterial and viral meningitis, noting that bacterial meningitis presents with symptoms like neck stiffness, photophobia, and focal neurological signs while viral meningitis typically causes mild flu-like symptoms, and that diagnosis involves lumbar puncture and CSF analysis to distinguish between the two conditions based on cell count and chemistry. Common causative organisms for bacterial meningitis are Streptococcus pneumoniae while enteroviruses frequently cause viral meningitis, and treatment involves antibiotics for bacterial cases and antivirals if herpes caused the viral meningitis.

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    Meningitis Tutorial

    Uploaded by

    Sara Abdo
    4 views9 pages
    The document discusses the symptoms, diagnosis, causative organisms, and treatment for bacterial and viral meningitis, noting that bacterial meningitis presents with symptoms like neck stiffness, photophobia, and focal neurological signs while viral meningitis typically causes mild flu-like symptoms, and that diagnosis involves lumbar puncture and CSF analysis to distinguish between the two conditions based on cell count and chemistry. Common causative organisms for bacterial meningitis are Streptococcus pneumoniae while enteroviruses frequently cause viral meningitis, and treatment involves antibiotics for bacterial cases and antivirals if herpes caused the viral meningitis.

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    Meningitis toutrial

    Original Title

    Meningitis tutorial

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    The document discusses the symptoms, diagnosis, causative organisms, and treatment for bacterial and viral meningitis, noting that bacterial meningitis presents with symptoms like neck stiffness, photophobia, and focal neurological signs while viral meningitis typically causes mild flu-like symptoms, and that diagnosis involves lumbar puncture and CSF analysis to distinguish between the two conditions based on cell count and chemistry. Common causative organisms for bacterial meningitis are Streptococcus pneumoniae while enteroviruses frequently cause viral meningitis, and treatment involves antibiotics for bacterial cases and antivirals if herpes caused the viral meningitis.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    4 views9 pages

    Meningitis Tutorial

    Uploaded by

    Sara Abdo
    The document discusses the symptoms, diagnosis, causative organisms, and treatment for bacterial and viral meningitis, noting that bacterial meningitis presents with symptoms like neck stiffness, photophobia, and focal neurological signs while viral meningitis typically causes mild flu-like symptoms, and that diagnosis involves lumbar puncture and CSF analysis to distinguish between the two conditions based on cell count and chemistry. Common causative organisms for bacterial meningitis are Streptococcus pneumoniae while enteroviruses frequently cause viral meningitis, and treatment involves antibiotics for bacterial cases and antivirals if herpes caused the viral meningitis.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 9

    Week 4

    Symptoms Meningismus (neck stiffness),


    Flu like symptoms (fever and
    Photophobia, Phonophobia, Vomiting
    headache)
    and Focal neurological signs

    Diagnosis
    1. Lumbar puncture and CSF analysis 1. Lumbar puncture and CSF analysis
    • Many mononuclear cells • Strongly elevated WBCs
    • Normal protein count mainly neutrophils
    • Normal glucose • Strongly elevated protein
    • Decreased glucose
    CSF/blood ratio
    2. Virus identification in CSF by • Increased lactate
    isolation from cultures 2. Bacterial identification by Gram
    staining and culture
    3. Cranial CT
    Main causative Streptococcus pneumoniae
    Enteroviruses
    organisms (pneumococcus)
    Treatment • Antipyretics 1. Antibiotics mosly cephalosporins
    of third (ceftriaxone, cefotaxime) and
    • Antiviral (if herpes was the cause forth generations (cefepime)+
    of meningitis) ampicillin and/or vancomycin
    2. Corticosteroids (dexamethasone)
    3. Immunization (vaccination)
    Complications
    • Fatal condition
    Mild condition that spontaneously • Major complications include (brain
    resolves within 2 weeks edema, hydrocephalus, hearing
    loss, vascular complications and
    sepsis in addition to neurological
    deficits that may become
    persistent)
    A three-month-old infant was brought to a clinic for pediatric
    evaluation. The infant had had a mild fever (101 °F) for the past 24
    hours and was described as very irritable and fussy by the mother.
    Physical examination results were normal. A lumbar puncture was
    performed, a complete blood cell count and blood cultures were
    obtained, and urine was collected for urinalysis and culture. The
    results are given in Table I.
    Reference ranges in CSF are:
    WBCs: 0-300 mm3, Dominant cell type: lymphocytes, Glucose level: 50-100 mg/dL and protein 20-45
    mg/dL.

    1. What is the type of


    meningitis? Why does the
    other type rolled out?
    2. What key diagnostic test
    result in the patient’s
    report that helped you to
    identify the type?
    3. What is the possible
    treatment? Should the
    mother receive prophylaxis
    treatment?
    Contrast viral and bacterial meningitis regarding:
    1. Diagnostic tests
    2. Main causative organism
    3. Management
    Thank You

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