Lighting IP 16-5-1

INTERNATIONAL Page 1 of 6
PRACTICE Rev. 0 March 1998

Changes shown by

SCOPE
I 1.1 This practice covers lighting design.
I 1.2 An asterisk ( ) indicates that additional information is required. If a job is contracted, this additional
information is furnished in the Job Specification.

DEFINITIONS
I 2.1 In-service levels are defined as the levels required in service, averaged over the area involved and
averaged in time.
I 2.2 Maintenance factor is defined as a factor which must be included in the design calculations in order to
allow for the following:
a. Average loss of lamp lumens due to aging.
b. Decrease in lamp and luminaire output resulting from dust, dirt, insects, and chemical changes in
luminaire reflecting surface.
c. Increased absorption of the light output by dust, dirt, and chemical changes in the room or other
reflecting surfaces.
d. Known low voltage condition.
I 2.3 Acceptable and preferred practices. Where this practice lists more than one type of equipment or method
as acceptable, the contractor shall make the selection after determining whether reduced maintenance and
operating cost for one type provides sufficient cost benefit to offset an initial added investment. The Owner's
Engineer shall approve alternative choices.

DESIGN
S 3.1 Lighting shall be provided to obtain at least the in-service illumination levels specified in Table 1 at the
elevations indicated. They are on the horizontal plane except when labeled vertical. When high-pressure
sodium lighting is installed, initial lighting levels shall be 140% of the in service levels shown in Table 1, or
the initial level values shown in Table 1, whichever is less.
S 3.2 Lighting uniformity shall be such that the ratio of maximum to minimum level within the area does not
exceed the limit specified in Table 1.
C 3.3 Lighting is not required in the following areas unless otherwise specified:
a. Tank fields (specify if required for stairways and accessways).
b. Auxiliary or low traffic volume roads.
c. Refinery boundary fences.
R 3.4 For areas or equipment not covered by Table 1, where personnel are regularly required to perform
operating or maintenance duties, adequate lighting for tasks performed shall be provided.
S 3.5 Aviation obstruction lights shall be installed on structures and stacks as required by authorities having
jurisdiction.
S 3.6 Marine navigational lights shall be installed on piers as required by authorities having jurisdiction.
R 3.7 Where step-down transformers are used for lighting, these transformers shall be used for lighting only.

GAGE GLASS LIGHTING

C 3.8 Gage glass lighting shall be provided only to the extent specified.
R 3.9 Gage glass lighting shall be supplied from circuits which are intended to remain energized day and night.
Gauge glass lighting circuits shall be independent of all other lighting circuits.
O 3.10 An on-off switch shall be provided for each column of illuminated gage glasses, to control all the
illuminators for that column. The switch shall be located so that it can be operated from the normal viewing
position.

THIS INFORMATION FOR AUTHORIZED COMPANY USE ONLY

EXXON RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING COMPANY — FLORHAM PARK, N.J.
 IP 16-5-1 Lighting
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INTERNATIONAL
PRACTICE
Rev. 0 March 1998

FIXTURES AND LAMP TYPES

R 3.11 Lighting fixtures, with the exception of floodlights, shall be equipped with a gasketed globe (or lens) and
guard for the following locations:
a. Outdoor process area.
b. Pump rows.
c. Compressor or pump houses.
d. Outdoor areas of boiler, power, and water treating plants.
e. Loading racks.
f. Marine trestles and piers.
Note: “Globe" and “guard" are generic terms for the protection required by the lamp and fixture against
physical damage and water entry. Acceptable methods are conventional globe and guard,
protective covers, approved impact tested glass, etc. acceptable to the authorities having
jurisdiction.
R 3.12 Lamps shall be one of the following acceptable types:
a. High-pressure sodium.
b. Metal halide.
c. Mercury vapor.
d. Fluorescent.
e. Incandescent.
R 3.13 High Intensity Discharge (HID) fixtures are preferred and shall be of the self-regulating type.
R 3.14 HID lamp ballasts shall be high power factor constant wattage or regulating type. Ballasts for high-
pressure sodium shall have a safety start feature to prevent premature ballast burnout as a result of
attempted restrike on an open circuit lamp.
S 3.15 Any working area which is illuminated only by HID lamps with a restarting delay after voltage dips, shall
also have sufficient rapid restarting lighting to achieve at least 10% of normal illumination level but not less
than 0.04 ft-candle (0.4 lx)
R 3.16 Fluorescent lamp ballasts shall be of the rapid start (starterless) high power type or shall be electronic type.

FIXTURE LOCATION
M,S 3.17 Fixture location shall allow safe and convenient relamping and cleaning. In no case shall lighting fixtures
be located directly over electrical equipment having exposed energized parts or equipment having exposed
moving parts.
M 3.18 All lighting fixtures mounted along platform handrails, shall have the stanchion mounted outside the
handrail and supported in such a manner that clearance between stanchion and handrail is a minimum of
3 in (75 mm). Fixtures shall be accessible for relamping or cleaning from the platform.

FLOODLIGHT POLES
I 3.19 For new work in existing plants having standardized pole types, the existing plant standard shall be
used.

LIGHTING CONTROL
O * 3.20 Street lighting and lighting for outdoor operating areas which are not continuously attended shall be
either of the following:
a. Automatically controlled (2-wire system) by photo-cell. An auto-on-off selector switch shall be
located at the controller location to permit manual control of the lighting.
b. When specified, remotely controlled (2-wire system) from an attended location.
O 3.21 Photo-cell units shall be located such that they:
a. Are readily accessible for cleaning and servicing
b. Are not activated by local artificial light sources
c. Are not obstructed by buildings or other structures, and
d. Activate only one lighting contactor per photocell.

THIS INFORMATION FOR AUTHORIZED COMPANY USE ONLY

EXXON RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING COMPANY — FLORHAM PARK, N.J.
 Lighting IP 16-5-1
INTERNATIONAL Page 3 of 6
PRACTICE Rev. 0 March 1998

S,O 3.22 Indoor lighting for substations and other normally unoccupied buildings shall be controlled by
switches located so that personnel can proceed from outdoor to indoor, and from room to room in the
unlighted building, lighting his way ahead by switches located within arms reach of the last lighted room or
outdoors.

CONTROL ROOM LIGHTING

O 3.23 Illumination of control panels and consoles shall be free of reflected glare when viewed from anywhere
within the following range of viewing positions:
a. Between 4 ft-2 in. and 5 ft-10 in. (1250 and 1750 mm) elevation above floor.
b. Between 1 and 4 ft (300 and 1200 mm) horizontal distance from panel or console.
O 3.24 If deviation-from-set-point indication is used, illumination shall be free from glare when any such
instrument is viewed as follows:
a. From intended sitting positions.
b. From any standing position in the room with a viewing angle to the instrument over 15.
O 3.25 Detailed design shall be performed by a lighting specialist. Design shall take into consideration presence of
CRT (cathode ray tube) displays, LCD (liquid crystal) displays and computer terminals. Lighting for these
areas shall be selected to avoid glare, reflections and shadows on the viewing surfaces of these units to
avoid visual discomfort.
O 3.26 When specified, electronic type controllers with adjustable set point shall be provided to permit operator
control of the control room illumination levels.

EMERGENCY LIGHTING
S,O 3.27 Emergency lighting shall be provided for the following equipment and areas:
a. Instrument and operating consoles and panels in process and utility control rooms.
b. Switchgear control, relaying, metering, lighting panel, and alarm panels in:
1. Purchased power main substations.
2. Substations with two (2) or more supplies having manual or automatic switching between
supplies.
3. Radial substations with intertripping (transfer tripping) connections to their source substation
feeder breakers.
S c. Instrument & essential services equipment rooms.
S d. All other substations to the extent necessary for personnel to safely exit the building.
e. Other areas specified.
S 3.28 Emergency lighting illumination levels shall have an average value on the “seeing task" (surface
requiring emergency lighting) of 2 ft-candle (22 lx).
S 3.29 Emergency lighting for control rooms may be supplied from the instrument power supply if it includes a
backup battery. Lighting may be a-c, fed by and included in the sizing basis of an inverter. Alternatively, it
may be d-c, supplied from the battery. For d-c, the lighting shall be switched on automatically on loss of
normal lighting power, and have provision for testing. For a-c or d-c, the lighting load shall be included in
the sizing basis of battery and charger.
S 3.30 For control rooms without backup battery, emergency lighting shall be supplied by means of self-
contained battery operated units having integral trickle chargers which are supplied from the normal a-c
source. Self-contained battery units shall have the following features:
a. Units shall be mounted, wired, equipped with test provisions, and have an automatic switching device
to light unit when the normal lighting supply fails.
b. Units shall be capable of maintaining the illumination levels for at least four (4) hours.
S,R 3.31 Emergency lighting for substations may be supplied as follows:
a. From the switchgear control battery if one is installed, or
b. By self-contained units.
S,R 3.32 Emergency lighting from the switchgear control power battery shall conform to the following:
a Lighting shall not be switched automatically.
b. Lighting shall be switched manually at all doorways of the substation (or substation control room) with
switches located at each doorway.
c. Lighting shall be incandescent fixtures only.

THIS INFORMATION FOR AUTHORIZED COMPANY USE ONLY

EXXON RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING COMPANY — FLORHAM PARK, N.J.
 IP 16-5-1 Lighting
Page 4 of 6
INTERNATIONAL
PRACTICE
Rev. 0 March 1998

S 3.33 Self-contained units shall conform to the following:

a. Self-contained units shall be similar to the units specified in Par. 3.30 except the automatic switching (if
provided) shall be defeated and manual switching supplied.
b. The manual switching for one unit shall be brought close to the inside of the principal doorway of the
substation (or substation control room).

WIRING
O 3.34 Neutral conductors of circuits supplying discharge type lighting shall be of the same size as the circuit line
conductors.

PANELBOARD DIRECTORIES
O 3.35 A circuit directory shall be installed at each lighting panelboard identifying each branch circuit. If
construction drawings do not indicate the specific fixtures on each of the circuits, then the panelboard
directory shall be in sufficient detail to give this information.

STROBOSCOPIC EFFECT
S 3.36 In locations with moving machinery, the lighting design shall avoid stroboscopic effect. Lead-lag ballasts
or division of load between phase shall be employed where necessary.

NOTES FOR TABLE 1 - LIGHTING ILLUMINATION LEVELS

(1) Foot candle = 10.76 lux, lux equivalents above 4 foot candles rounded to nearest 5.
(2) To the extent required for operator tasks.
(3) Refer to Authorities having jurisdiction. Use table values if no direction is provided
(4) Where substation contains CRT (Cathode Ray Tube) displays, LCD (Liquid Crystal Displays) or computer
terminals, lighting for these areas shall be selected to avoid glare, reflections and shadows on the viewing
surfaces of these units.
(5) Initial levels have to be higher than the specified in-service levels.

Acceptable Elevation Metric Equivalent Dimensions for TABLE 1

in. 18 30 36 37 45 48 60
mm 450 750 900 925 1125 1200 1500

Revision Memo
9/68 Original Issue of Basic Practice
1/72 Revision 1
1/77 Revision 2
12/93 Revision 3
3/98 Revision 0 - Original Issue of International Practice
Complete editorial revision to rationalize this practice with the referenced standards and other IPs. Significant
changes include: The following paragraphs of IP 16-5-1 Revision 3 have been deleted: 2.3, 3.17, 3.19-3.21, 3.24,
3.26, 3.30, 3.42. Old Par 3.3 contents moved to Table 1 notes. Par. 3.13 removed voltage tap comment. Par. 3.20
made an asterisk paragraph and removed note.
Old Par. No. New Par. No. Old Par. No. New Par. No.
2.4 2.3 3.25 3.19
3.4 - 3.16 3.3 - 3.15 3.27 - 3.29 3.20 - 3.22
3.18 3.16 3.31 - 3.41 3.23 - 3.33
3.22, 3.23 3.17, 3.18 3.43 - 3.45 3.34 - 3.36

© Exxon Research and Engineering Company, 1993, 1998

.

THIS INFORMATION FOR AUTHORIZED COMPANY USE ONLY

EXXON RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING COMPANY — FLORHAM PARK, N.J.
 Lighting IP 16-5-1
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PRACTICE Rev. 0 March 1998

TABLE 1 - LIGHTING ILLUMINATION LEVELS

WORKING AREAS ILLUMINATION LEVELS (1)(5)

Initial In-Service Elevation Max./Min.
PROCESS AREAS Ft - Candles Lux Ft - Candles Lux
Outdoor Pump Rows 8.5 90 5 55 Grade 4
Exchanger Areas 5 55 3 32 Grade 4
Main Operating Platforms 8.5 90 5 55 Floor 2
Ordinary Platforms 3.5 38 2 22 Floor 44
Stairways and Ladders for ladders only: lighting
frequently used } required at access, landing 8.5 90 5 55 Floor 4
other } platforms, and grade areas 1.5 16 1 11 Floor 4
Fired Heaters 5 55 3 32 Grade 4
Manual Sampling Points 30 325 20 215 Task Level 2
Gage Glass 8.5 90 5 55 Eye Level 4
Compressor Houses 25 270 15 160 Floor 2
Yard Areas 0.8 9 0.5 5 Grade 10
Individual Control Houses (or Rooms)
general 30 325 20 215 Floor 2
console & desk areas 45 485 30 325 30 in. 1.5
} 45 485 30 325 60 in. 1.5
panel } vertical 45 485 30 325 45 in. 1.5
} 40 430 25 270 18 in. 1.5
back of panel vertical 25 270 15 160 48 in. 4
Central Control House (or Rooms)
general 50 540 35 375 Floor 2
console & desk areas 75 805 50 540 30 in. 1.5
} 75 805 50 540 60 in. 1.5
panel } vertical 75 805 50 540 45 in. 1.5
} 65 700 40 430 18 in. 1.5
back of panel vertical 25 270 15 160 48 in. 4
Streets 0.7 7 0.4 4 Grade 10
Instrument Walk-In Shelters 45 485 30 325 Floor 2
Remote Terminal Stations 15 160 10 110 Floor 2
Stairways and Ladders Same as Process Areas
Outdoor Pump Rows Same as Process Areas
Control Houses and rooms Same as Process Areas
Boiler & Air Compressor Units
operating aisle 30 325 20 215 Floor 4
other indoor areas 25 270 15 160 Floor 4
other outdoor areas 3.5 38 2 22 Grade 4
Cooling Towers, Equipment Areas 3.5 38 2 22 Deck & Grade 4
Separators(2) 8.5 90 5 55 Top of Bay 10
general area 3.5 38 2 22 Grade 4
Loading Racks
loading point 17 185 10 110 Point -
general area 5 55 3 32 Grade 4
Marine Trestle & Pier
roadways & walkways(3) 0.8 9 0.5 5 Floor 10
control stations & work areas at cargo transfer 17 185 10 110 Floor 4
points
pier office 40 430 30 325 30 in. 2
Electrical Substations
outdoor switch yards & transformer yards 3.5 38 2 22 Grade 4
substation building (operating aisle, battery,
battery charger, lighting panel, & breaker test 45 485 30 325 Floor 2
areas)(4)
substation main entry 3.5 38 2 22 Grade 4

NOTES FOR TABLE 1 LOCATED ON PAGE 4

THIS INFORMATION FOR AUTHORIZED COMPANY USE ONLY

EXXON RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING COMPANY — FLORHAM PARK, N.J.
 IP 16-5-1 Lighting
Page 6 of 6
INTERNATIONAL
PRACTICE
Rev. 0 March 1998

TABLE 1 - LIGHTING ILLUMINATION LEVELS (Cont)

WORKING AREAS ILLUMINATION LEVELS (1)(5)

Initial In-Service Elevation Max./Min.
PROCESS AREAS (Cont) Ft - Candles Lux Ft - Candles Lux
outdoor motor control centers & switchracks 8.5 90 5 55 48 in. 2
Street Lighting (heavy traffic volume main roads) 0.7 7 0.4 4 Grade 10
Main parking Lot 0.2 2 0.1 1 Grade 10
BUILDINGS
Administration Buildings and Offices
prolonged difficult tasks (such as drafting) 140 1505 100 1080 30 in. 1.5
difficult tasks (office work, mailrooms, files) 90 970 60 645 30 in. 1.5
reception areas, stairways, washrooms 28 300 20 215 30 in. 2
hallways 26 280 20 215 Floor 1.5
equipment and service rooms 25 270 15 160 Floor 2
first aid rooms 105 1130 75 805 30 in. 1.5
Laboratories
qualitative, quantitative, and physical test 70 755 50 540 37 in. 1.5
research, experimental 75 805 50 540 37 in. 1.5
pilot plant, process and specialty 50 540 30 325 Floor 2
ASTM knock test, equipment test 45 485 30 325 Floor 2
glassware, washrooms 45 485 30 325 37 in. 2
fume hoods 50 540 30 325 37 in. 2
stock rooms 25 270 15 160 Floor 2
Warehouses and Stock Rooms
indoor bulk storage 8 85 5 55 Floor 4
outdoor bulk storage 0.75 8 0.5 5 Ground 10
large bin storage } 8 85 5 55 30 in. 2
small bin storage } vertical 15 160 10 110 30 in. 2
small parts storage } 30 325 20 215 30 in. 2
counter tops 45 485 30 325 48 in. 1.5
Shops
rough bench and machine work, large fabrication 30 325 20 215 Floor 4
medium bench and machine work, automatic machines
grinding 75 805 50 540 30 in. 2
craneway, aisles 25 270 15 160 Floor 4
specialty shops:
small machine 70 755 50 538 30 in. 2
sheet metal 45 485 30 325 30 in. 2
electrical 70 755 50 540 30 in. 2
instrument 70 755 50 540 30 in. 2
Change House
locker room, shower 22 235 15 160 Floor 2
lavatory 30 325 20 215 Floor 2
Clock House and Entrance Gatehouse
card rack and clock area 15 160 10 110 Floor 1.5
entrance gate, inspection 25 270 15 160 Floor 4
general 8 85 5 55 Floor 2
Cafeteria
eating area 45 485 30 325 30 in. 2
serving area 45 485 30 325 36 in. 1.5
food preparation 45 485 30 325 36 in. 2
general, halls 15 160 10 110 Floor 1.5
Garage and firehouse
general area 15 160 10 110 Floor 4
repair 45 485 30 325 Floor 2

NOTES FOR TABLE 1 LOCATED ON PAGE 4

THIS INFORMATION FOR AUTHORIZED COMPANY USE ONLY

EXXON RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING COMPANY — FLORHAM PARK, N.J.