Experiment No.

7
Broad Crested and Crump Weirs
1. Objective(s):

This activity aims to compare the measured discharge values from the experiment with theoretical
values of discharge over broad crested and crump weirs.

2. Intended Learning Outcomes (ILOs):

The students shall be able to:

1. Properly use the Broad Crested Weir Accessory (HM 160.31) and Crump Weir Accessory (HM
160.33) for multi-purpose teaching flume.
2. Determine the theoretical and actual discharge over the weirs.
3. Calculate the coefficient of discharge for both broad crested and crump weirs.

3. Discussion:

Broad-crested weirs are commonly used hydraulic structures designed to measure and control the flow of
water in open channels and rivers. These are rectangular weirs with a relatively wide crest compared to
other types of weirs, and their length is significantly greater than their height.

Figure 7.1: Broad Crested Weir

Applying Bernoulli’s Equation for sections 1 and 2, the velocity can be expressed:

𝑣 = √2𝑔(𝐻 − ℎ) (7.1)

Then, discharge over the broad crested weir written as:

𝑄 = 𝐴𝑣 (7.2)
𝑄𝑡 = 𝐿ℎ√2𝑔(𝐻 − ℎ) (7.3)
The discharge will be maximum at the critical depth where h = (2/3)H. Simplifying Eq 7.3,

2 3/2
𝑄𝑡 = 𝐿√𝑔 ( 𝐻) (7.4)
3

46
The coefficient of discharge (cd) must be multiplied by the theoretical value to obtain the actual discharge
which is given in Eq. 7.5.
𝑄𝑎 = 𝑐𝑑 𝑄𝑡 (7.5)

On the other hand, the crump weir is characterized by a triangular profile which creates more gradual and
controlled energy dissipation. Moreover, this helps in reducing the risk of erosion and scouring
downstream. The discharge over the crump weir can also be computed using Eq. 7.4.

Figure 7.2: Crump Weir

4. Resources/Instruments Required:

• Hydraulic Bench (HM 150)

• Broad Crested Weir Accessory
• Crump Weir Accessory
• Ruler

5. Experiment Procedures

1. Place the broad crested weir in the channel segment of the Multi-purpose Teaching Flume
(HM 160).
2. Close the shutoff valve before opening the pump to avoid water splashing in the inflow
segment.
3. Switch on the main switch and then the pump.
4. Adjust the discharge using the flow control valve. Start at low setting.
5. Record the actual discharge from the rotameter.
6. Measure the head of water (H) and the water over the weir (h) using the ruler.
7. Compute the discharge over the weir using Eq. 7.3.
8. Repeat steps 5 – 7 for another 4 trials of different discharges.
9. Turn off the pump. Then, remove the broad crested weir and replace it with the crump weir.
10. Start with a low discharge by adjusting the flow control valve.
11. Record the actual discharge from the rotameter.
12. Measure the head of water (H) using the ruler.
13. Compute the discharge over the weir using Eq. 7.4.
14. Repeat steps 11 – 13 for another 4 trials of different discharges.

47
Data and Results
Course: Section:
Experiment No.: Date Performed:
Group No.: Date Submitted:
Group Leader: Instructor:
Group Members:
1. 4.
2. 5.
3. 6.

Broad Crested Weir

Actual Theoretical Discharge

Trial Discharge, H (cm) h (cm) Discharge, Coefficient,
Qa (L/s) Qt (L/s) cd
1
2
3
4
5

Crump Weir

Actual Theoretical Discharge

Trial Discharge, H (cm) Discharge, Coefficient,
Qa (L/s) Qt (L/s) cd
1
2
3
4
5

Sample Computations:

48
Observations:

Conclusions:

49
6. Assessment (Rubric for Laboratory Performance):

BEGINNER ACCEPTABLE PROFICIENT

CRITERIA SCORE
1 2 3

I. Laboratory Skills
Members do not Members occasionally
Manipulative Members always demonstrate
demonstrate needed demonstrate needed
Skills needed skills.
skills. skills
Members are able to set- Members are able to set-up
Experimental Members are unable to
up the materials with the material with minimum
Set-up set-up the materials.
supervision. supervision.
Members do not Members occasionally
Members always demonstrate
Process Skills demonstrate targeted demonstrate targeted
targeted process skills.
process skills. process skills.
Members follow safety
Safety Members do not follow Members follow safety
precautions most of the
Precautions safety precautions. precautions at all times.
time.
II. Work Habits
Timeliness of Members do not finish on Members finish ahead of time
Members finish on time
Work time with incomplete with complete data and time to
with incomplete data.
data. revise data.
Members have defined
Members do not know Members are on tasks and
responsibilities most of
their tasks and have no have defined responsibilities
Cooperative and the time. Group conflicts
defined responsibilities. at all times. Group conflicts
Teamwork are cooperatively
Group conflicts have to are cooperatively managed at
managed most of the
be settled by the teacher. all times.
time.
Clean and orderly
Clean and orderly workplace
Neatness and Messy workplace during workplace with
at all times during and after
Orderliness and after the experiment. occasional mess during
the experiment.
and after the experiment.
Members require Members require
Members do not need to be
Responsibility supervision by the occasional supervision
supervised by the teacher.
teacher. by the teacher.
Other Comments/Observations: Total Score

(𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑆𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑒)
𝑅𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 = × 100
24

50