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1. In __________________, the instantaneous change in the carrier frequency is proportional to the
derivative of the amplitude of the modulating signal.
Frequency
2. _________ layer is responsible for creating datagrams.
The data link layer
3. Voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) generates ________________ .
4 ways
4. Block coding can help in ____________at the receiver side.
Synchronization and error detection
5. At the application layer, object/information is in the form of ________.
Message
6. ___________ is the first step in PCM technique.
Sampling&confirm
7. Communication between two user in a cellular (Mobile) network is an example of __
communication.
Full duplex&.confirm
8. Transmission medium are of ______ types.
Two&.confirm
9. A frequency is called ____ if sine wave changes with time
Infinte frequency&confirm
10. A frequency is called ____ if sine wave does not change with time
Zero frequency &.confirm
11. Open system interconnection (OSI) has __ number of layers.
7&confirm
12. 8In unidirectional antenna, the common point where all the lines
13. intersect each other is ___.
Focus&confirm
14. To calculate the data rate for noisy channel ____ formula is used.
Shannon&.confirm
15. Television broadcast where user can only view the information sent in the form of video is an
example of _______ communication.
Simplex
16. N= S*r is the formula for finding
Baud rate&..confirm
17. TCP/IP protocol suit has _______ layers.
5&.confirm
18. Unit of phase is _______.
Degree&.confirm
19. 14.For a noiseless channel theoretical formula to calculate the data rate was developed by.
Nyquist&..confirm
20. In context of bandwidth-delay product the cross section of the pipe represents the ______.
Bandwidth&confirm

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21. Uni polar Polar and Bipolar are types of _____ coding scheme.
Line&confirm
22. In ___ scheme the voltages are on both sides of the time axis and voltage level for 0 can be positive
ant the voltage level for 1 can be negative.
Polar&.confirm
23. In _______ transmission medium start and stop bits are used
Asynchronous&.confirm from net
24. In layered architecture of network logical connection between layers means.
They are connected in peers&..confirm
25. OSI stands for _______.
Open system interconnection&.confirm
26. Quadrature Amplitude Modulation is the mechanism of ______conversion.
Digital to analog&confirm
27. Writing used for transmission modes depends upon ______.
Data stream&confirm
28. The maximum bandwidth required for QAM transmission is the same as that required for _ and
_______ transmission.
ASK, PSK
29. In optical fiber cable the ratio of the diameter of their core to the diameter of their cladding, both
expressed in ______.
Micrometers&confirm
30. Radio waves are propagated in _____ whenever they are transmitted by an antenna.
All direction &confirm from net
31. _______component of data communication governs the overall communication on the network.
Transmission medium&confirm
32. In binary ASK, the peak amplitude of one signal level is 0 and the other is the same as the
__________.
Amplitude
33. In _______ scheme, all the signal levels are on one side of the time axis, either above or below.
Unipolar&confirm from net
34. Simple sine wave can be used to send.
Amplitude
35. Paging system in data communication uses _______ waves.
Radio waves&confirm from net
36. Multipoint channel can be shared in _____ manner.
Both temporal and spartial&confirm
37. ________ is an example of multipoint topology
Bus&confirm
38. Bandwidth can be measured in __________.
Bps&confirm
39. In____encoding scheme, we use three levels positive negative and zero
Bipolar&confirm from net

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40. Header size _while moving down the layers at sending side
Decreases
41. ________signals have limited number of discrete value
Digital&.confirm
42. _______ is a block coding method
NRZ-1&.confirm
43. Technique that allows the simultaneous transmission of multiple signals across a single data link, is
known as ______.
Multiplexing&.confirm
44. Simultaneous transmission of multiple signals across a single data link is called.
Multiplexing&confirm
45. Minimum bandwidth required for Manchester line coding scheme is_________.
1Mhz&confirm
46. AMI is a popular ______ encoding method.
Bi-polar&.confirm
47. TCP/IP was presented by ________ in a research paper
Vin Cerf and bob Kahn&confirm
48. Among the following cables given below _____ cable has the cost as compared to others.
Medium&.confirm
49. Among the following cables given below _____ cable has the lowest cast as compared to others.
Coaxial cable&confirm
50. Among the following cables given below _____ cable has the highest cast as compared to others.
Fiber optic cable&confirm
51. ____________ is correct formula to determine the total number of ports needed for one system
connected in a mesh network.
n-1&.confirm
52. A twisted pair cable consists of ________ conductors
2 &.confirm
53. Packets travel in ____ layer of TCP/IP protocol suit
Network &.confirm from net
54. HDB3 falls under which coding scheme?
Bipolar&confirm
55. According to the Nyquist theorem, the sampling rate must be at least____ times the highest
frequency contained in the signal.
2&..confirm
56. ________ protocol suit is being used by the modern internet communication
TCP/IP&confirm
57. LF(low frequency) band is used in _______ propagation
Ground&.confirm
58. ____________ is a type of serial transmission in which data bits are transmitted as a continuous
stream in time with a master clock, start bits, stop bits and gaps are not used. Transmitter and
receiver time is sync.

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Synchronous&.confirm
59. Identify the correct formula to calculate Propagation time.
Propagation time= Distance/ propagation speed&.confirm
60. The communication of the application, transport and network layer is _____
Physical&confirm
61. Frames travel in ______ layer of TCP/IP Protocol suite.
Data link
62. Manchester encoding scheme achieves the same level of synchronization as __________.
RZ&..confirm
63. In Manchester and differential Manchester encoding schemes, the signal rate is ______ than that of
NRZ.
Double&confirm from net
64. In a bidirectional communication each layer performs two ____ tasks in each direction.
Opposite&confirm
65. ______ is composed of thousands of interconnected networks expanded over large geographical
area.
Local area network
66. Time taken by a periodic signal to complete one cycle is called.
Period&confirm from net
67. There are __ common scrambling technique
Two &.confirm
68. The bipolar encoding scheme was developed as an alternative of ____.
NRZ&confirm from net
69. FSK stands for _______.
Frequency shift keying&.confirm
70. In ___ encoding scheme, the voltage level oscillates between a positive and a negative value
although it may remain at zero level between the two values.
Polar&confirm from net
71. _________ is an example of transmitter.
Modem
72. The material used for conduction in twisted pair cable is _______.
Copper
73. RG-11 having impedance of 50 ohm is used in __________ Ethernet
Thin&.confirm
74. _______ encoding scheme is somewhat a combination of the RZ and NRZ-l scheme
Manchester encoding&confirm from net
75. _______ has less electromagnetic interference as compared to other guided medium.
Unshielded Twisted Pair
76. Electromagnetic waves ranging in frequencies between ______ are called microwaves.
1 to 300 GHz
77. Switch is a _________ layer devices
Data link&confirm

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78. _________is Shannon capacity formula to determine highest theoretically data rate for a noisy
channel.
Capacity = Bandwidth * log2(1+SNR)&.confirm
79. ________is the range of frequencies contained in a composite signal.
Bandwidth&confirm
80. In PCM technique Quantization is an ______ process
Un-balanced
81. In Ring topology, each node has a point to point dedicated link with.
Exactly 2 nods&.confirm
82. In _________ modulation process is used by the transmitting devices to shift their data to a specific
carrier frequency for multiplexing.
Fdm&confirm
83. Five stations will have _____ full duplexed dedicated links among them to be connected in a Mesh
topology.
10&.confirm
84. Which of the following technique(s) is used for Analog-to-Digital Conversion. Both Pulse Code
Modulation(PCM) and Delta
Modulation(DM)&confirm
85. The human voice normally frequency range from ________.
0 to 3000Hz
86. The layer of TCP/IP protocol suite which is on the top is known as________ layer.
Application&confirm
87. In __________ type of error, two or more bits in the data unit will bechanged.
Burst&.confirm
88. ________ is the process of converting digital data to digital signal.
Line coding&..confrim
89. Manchester encoding scheme uses and inversion at the _____ of each bit.
Middle&.confirm
90. FF:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF is a ______ link layer address.
Broadcast&..confrim
91. A3 34 45 11 92 F1 is a _________ link layer address.
Data, unicast&.confirm
92. High-Level Data Link Control(HDLC) defines ____ types of frames to deal with the transfer modes.
3&..confirm
93. ____________ is the number of bits sent in 1 second
Bit rate(bps)&confirm
94. _________ Time required to send 1 single bit.
Bit interval&confirm
95. 90._________ are used to transport user data and control information relating to user data
96. Information
frams(I-frames)&..confirm
97. _________are used only to transport control information

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Supervisory frames(S-frames)&..confirm
98. ___________are reserved for system Management
Unnumbered frames(U-frames)&..confirm
99. .__________ are used to exchange session management and control information between
connected devices.
U-frames&.confrim
100. In order to find Hamming distance between two pair of words _____logical operation is used.
XOR&.confrim
101. Data Link layer receives services from the __________layer.
Physical
102. The ________ is the number of signal elements sent per unit time.
Bit rate&..confrim
103. In order to resolve link layer address of the next node, the first generated ARP request is always
in ________ mode.
Broadcast
104. In Block coding we divide our message into blocks of k bits called as__________.
Data words&..confirm
105. To control and manage the transfer of data, a protocol called point to point (PPP) is used at the
_______ layer
Data Link
106. In character oriented protocol, each character of frame is encoded using ____ coding system.
ASCII
107. Error detection and correction are the services provided by______ layer.
Data link layer &.confirm from net
108. ______________ is used in the stop-and-wait protocol to overcome the issue of
duplication. Frame sequencing and Acknowledgment
Numbering&confirm from net
109. Stop-and-weight protocol is used for _______.
Both flow and error control&.confirm
110. Error correction is more _______ than the error detection
Difficult&confirm from net
111. Payload field of the PPP frame is of variable size and it can carry maximum data up
to_________.
1500 bytes&.confirm from net
112. If duration of noise is decreased during a transmission over noisy channel. Fixed data rate of the
channel will cause ______ number of bits being impacted by the noise.
More&.confirm from net
113. One of the most common protocols for point-to-point access is _________.
PPP&confirm
114. In linear Block codes ______ of two valid code words creates another valid code word.
XOR&confirm
115. Which layer is concerned with the syntax and semantics of info exchange between two systems?

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Presentation
116. Traditionally MANs have been implemented using one of the 2 technologies, Circuit Switching
and Packet Switching
False
117. In OSI model headers are added at layer _________.
6,5,4,3,2 only
118. ________ works with topologies in which one drvice is designated as a primary station and the
other devices are secondary stations.
Polling
119. Signals travel through fiber optic cable are in the form of ________.
Light&confirm from net
120. PSK is susceptible to the noise degradation.
False
121. What is the frequency of a sine wave if it completes one cycle in 5 seconds?
0.2
122. Which one is not the function of data link layer?
Line discipline
123. Error detection and correction are the services provided by ________ layer. Data link layer
124. ________ is not a function of Data Link Control.
Modulation
125. No matter whether the link is dedicated or broadcast, data link control (DLC) layer provides
services between ________.
Two adjacent nodes
126. The inversion of the level represents a 1 bit in ______ encoding
NRZ-I
127. Guard bands are used in ________ multiplexing technique, guard bands to avoid overlapping of
frequency bands assigned to each user. FDM&confirm
128. The ________ protocol uses both flow and error control. Stop-and-Wait
129. Each computer on the Internet has a unique numeric address called a(n) ___________.
IP address
130. WDM stands for _________.
Wave Division Multiplexing
131. A fiber -optic cable transmit signals in the form of ________. Light
132. CDMA stands for ________. Code Division Multiple Access
133. Quantization is a method of assigning ________ values in a specific range to sampled instances.
Integral
134. STP is more expensive than UTP and is less susceptible to noise. True
135. In circuit switched networks we have low efficiency but minimal________. Delay&.confirm
136. Which level of the TCP/IP reference model routes data/information across a network channel?
Network Layer
137. A portion of the path that carries TX between a given pair of devices is known as ___________.
Channel

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138. Digital signals are refered to be ___________. Discrete
139. BSC supports ___________ transmission using ___________ flow control.
a. Half-duplex, Stop and wait ARQ
140. ________ is the rate of change with respect to time. Amplitude
141. The original Ethernet technology with the data rate of 10 Mbps is called ________?
Standard Ethernet
142. If we need to correct a single error in an 8-bit data unit, we need to consider ________ possible
error locations. 16
143. In Pulse Code Modulation (PCM), the sampling is dependent on ________.
Amplitude&confirm
144. The extra bits added with the original data for error detection/correction are called ________.
Redundant bits
145. Which of the following sublyer resolves the contention for the shared media? MAC
146. PAP and CHAP are used by ______ as Authentication Protocols PPP&confirm
147. Media Access Control (MAC) and Data link (DLC) constitute_______ layer
a. Data Link&.confirm
148. In ________, each station sends a frame whenever it has a frame to send.
a. Slotted ALOHA
149. What is the period of a Sine wave having frequency of 10 Hz?
a. 0.1
150. Is there any difference between Data communication and telecommunication are network?
a. No
151. In TCP/IP protocol suite, the process of adding header at each layer on sending side is known as
________. Packetizing
152. ________ is correct formula to determine the total number of ports needed for one system
connected in a mesh network. N-1
153. Following characteristics fully describe ___________,Amplitude, Period/Frequency, Phase
Sine Waves
154. What is the period of a Sine wave having frequency of 5 Hz? 0.2
155. The inversion of the level at 1 bit is called as ________. NRZ-I
156. In ________, both peak amplitude and frequency remains constant as the phase changes.
PSK
157. At the CRC generator, ___________ added to the data unit before the divisional process.
0s are
158. In Pure ALOHA, the vulnerable time is ________ the frame transmission time. Two times
159. In Block coding we divide our message into blocks of k bits called as ________. Data words
160. Analog refers to something that is continuous in ___________. Time
161. ________ of a signal is the collection of all the component frequencies it contains.
Frequency spectrum
162. ________ encoding is almost obsolete today Unipolar
163. Which of the following is most affected by noise? ASK

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164. In _________, a signal is directed straight from antenna to antenna. Line of sight
propagation
165. To control and manage the transfer of data, a protocol called Point to Point Protocol (PPP) is
used at the ________ layer. Network
166. The level of signal is always positive in NRZ encoding. false
167. ________ signal can take infinite levels of intensity over time. Analog&.confirm from net
168. ________ is sometimes called the bit rate. Data rate&confirm from net
169. ________ contains a repeater. Active hub
170. ________ is/are un-reliable protocol(s). UDP
171. Low pass channel has ________ bandwidth between two stations. Shared&confirm from
net
172. The message 1110 sent by a source is received by a destination as 1011. This is ________ type of
error. Burst
173. TROPOSHERE is the layer of atmosphere above the troposphere but below space False
174. In Pure ALOHA, the vulnerable time is ________ the frame transmission time. Two times
175. Asynchronous transmission is ___________. Slow
176. Radio is an example of _______ signal conversion. Analog to analog
177. Which error detection method consists of a parity bit for each unit as well as an entire data unit
of parity bits? Longitudinal Red Check (LRC)
178. Session layer is responsible for _________.
Maintaining the connection
179. If duration of noise is decreased during a transmission over noisy channel, fixed data rate of the
channel will cause ________ number of bits being impacted by the noise.
More
180. S-frames in High-Level Data Link Control (HDLC) are only used to transfer ________ information.
Control
181. In ASK, both ______ and ________ remain constant.
Frequency, Phase
182. Encoding digital data into digital signals is called ___________.
Digital-to-Digital Conversion
183. GO-BACK-N protocol is one of the ________ layer protocols, which is used to control the flow of
data during the transmission.
Network
184. In ASK correct formula for calculating the bandwidth is as ________.
B=(1+d)S&.confirm
185. The type of ALOHA which improves the efficiency of Pure ALOHA is ________.
Slotted ALOHA
186. In which controlled-access method all data exchanges must be made through primary device
even when the ultimate destination is a secondary device?
Polling
187. The __________ generates the data and passes it along with any control information to a
__________.

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DTE, DCE
188. ________ is used in the Stop-and-Wait protocol to overcome the issue of duplication.
Frame sequencing and Acknowledgement numbering
189. Transmission Control Protocol is a(n) ________ layer protocol.
Network
190. The Internet is ___________.
a global network of computers networks
191. We can have ________ different groups with a 4 bit block.
8
192. Analog To Analog Conversion Methods include ___________.
AM, PM and FM
193. DLC in Data Link Layer stands for ________.
Data Link Control
194. What is the Bandwidth of a periodic signal if it is decomposed into 4 sine waves with frequencies
200, 400, 600 and 800?
600
195. ________ category of coaxial cable is used for thin Ethernet.
RG-58&.confirm
196. ________ category of coaxial cable is used for thin Ethernet.
RG-8, RG-9, RG-11 &&.confirm
197. ________ category of coaxial cable is used for Cable TV
RG59&.confirm
198. In ________, each station is allocated a time slot during which it can send data.
TDMA
199. ________ transmission technology (based on Ethernet) provides a data rate of 1 billion bits per
second.
10BASE-T Ethernet
200. Time domain plot show changes in signal phase with respect to time.
false
201. dB is negative if a signal is ___________.
Attenuated
202. Which of the following is not a characteristic of a sine wave?
Segmentation&confirm
203. What is the Bandwidth of a periodic signal if it is decomposed into 4 sine waves with frequencies
300, 600, 900 and 1200?
900
204. Asynchronous TDM is efficient only when the size of the time slot is kept relatively
___________.
Large
205. A sine wave is defined by ___________ characteristics.
3
206. Switch is a network device which operates on the ________ layer of the TCP/IP protocol suite.

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Data link
207. In even parity check code, the value of syndrome is ________ if the number of 1s is even.
0
208. 4Collisions in CSMA/CA are avoided through ________.
All of the given
209. Human voice is example of ___________ signal.
Analog
210. Time domain shows changes in ___________.
signal amplitude w.r.t time
211. Normally the value of Kmax in pure ALOHA is ________.
15
212. Central Hub in a Tree is an ___________.
213. Active hub
214. In selective-reject ARQ, only the specific damaged or lost frame is
215. ________.
Retransmitted
216. 208. If users must take turns using the link, then it is called Spatial Sharing.
false
217. At the CRC checker, ___________ means that the data unit is damaged.
A nonzero remainder
218. Digitizing an Analog Signal is called ___________.
Analog-to-Digital Conversion
219. WDM stands for ________.
Wavelength Division Multiplexing
220. What was the main draw back in ALOHA Random-Access method?
All of the given
221. YMODEM has ________ Byte of data unit.
1024
222. Like Data link layer, ___________ is also responsible for Flow control.
Transport Layer
223. In Block coding scheme, number of code words is always ________ data words.
Equal to
224. 216. RZ stands for ___________.
Return ot Zero
225. Line Configuration refers to the way two or more devices attach to a ___________.
Link
226. The flag in PPP is a byte that needs to be ________ whenever it appears in the data section of
the frame.
Escaped
227. At the Application layer, object/information is in the form of ________.
Packet

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228. The term _______means that only one bit of a given data unit is changed from 1 to 0 or from 0
to 1.
Single Bit Error
229. What is the frequency of a sine wave if it completes one cycle in 2 seconds?
0.5
230. POST stand for ________?
Plain Old Telephone Service
231. To make sure that source does not overwhelm destination by sending data faster than it can be
handled and processed is called?
Flow Control
232. "If a digital signal has ""L"" number of levels. ________ is the number of bits required to
represent each level."
Log base 2 L&.confirm
233. In ASK, Noise usually affects the ________.
Amplitude
234. In order to find the location of two errors in an eight bit stream, we have to see ________
different combinations.
28
235. Which one of the following is not a Channelization Protocol?
CSMA
236. Which one of the following is a correct-access method?
Reservation
237. By using ___________ system, change in the file contents during file transmission can be
avoided.
Error Detection and Correction
238. Radio wave transmission utilizes ___________ different types of propagation.
Five
239. A broadcast signal is received by the orbiting satellites which rebroadcasts ________.
none of the given
240. What is the period of a Sine wave having frequency of 2 Hz?
0.5
241. ________ mode of serial transmission guarantees fixed rate of
data.
242. Isochronous&confirm from net Time division multiplexing is used in ________ systems.
Digital&.confirm from net
243. The most common type of connector used by coaxial cable is ________.
BNC
244. Which of the following statement is correct?
Digital signals are less prone to Noise
245. In an analog hierarchy to carry voice channels, a group can carry ________ voice channels.
12(4khz)&.confirm
246. In an analog hierarchy to carry 12 voice channels, 5 group ______

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48kHz&.confirm
247. In an analog hierarchy to carry 60 voice channels, a 10 super
248. group _________bandwidth
240kHz&.confirm
249. In an analog hierarchy to carry 600 voice channels, a 6 Master
250. group _______
2.52Mhz&.confirm
251. In an analog hierarchy to carry 3600 voice channels, a Jumbo group _________
16,984MHz &..confirm
252. In line discipline after the data transmission, the sending system
253. finishes with an ________ frame.
EOT
254. Data is transmitted using light through a ___________ cable.
fiber-optic
255. Data Link layer provides services to the ________ layer.
Network
256. If the Hamming distance between sent and received code word is ________, then it shows that
received data is corrupted. ?
0
257. ________ is responsible for governing node to node communication.
Data Link layer
258. Mr. Asif while sitting in Lahore is talking with his friend in Dubai
259. through Skype is an example of ________.
Wide Area Network
260. In frequency shift keying, ________ remain(s) constant.
Both Peak amplitude and Phase &confirm
261. In Amplitude shift keying, ________ remain(s) constant.
Both frequency and phase&confirm
262. In Phase shift keying, ________ remain(s) constant.
Both peak amplitude and frequency&confirm
263. Analog signals are refers to be ___________
Continuous
264. Baud rate is greater than or equal to the bit rate.
False
265. . In statistical time division multiplexing, number of slots in frame are less than ________.
Input lines&..confirm
266. ________ are used to exchange session management and control information between
connected devices.
U-frames
267. . Terminal, microprocessor, computer, printer or any other device that generates or consumes
digital data is known as ___________
DTE

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268. There are three types of Hubs that exist. Which of the following options correctly describes
these three?
Passive, Active, Intelligent
269. Which of the following consist of just one redundant bit per data unit?
Simple Parity Check
270. In the encoding where positive to negative transition is one and vice versa is zero.
None of given option
271. Error correction is more ________ than the error detection.
Difficult
272. If the window size is 63 in go-back N ARQ then what is the range of sequence number?
0 to 63
273. ________ is normally used where speed is priority in data transfer.
Hybrid transmission
274. In Synchronous TDM, Time slots are not same in number as input devices.
False
275. In analog transmission, the base signal is called the________.
Carrier Signal
276. In ___________ a dedicated communication path is established between two stations through
the nodes of the network
Circuit switching
277. Which one of the following is a Random-Access protocol?
CDMA/CD
278. A ________ modem is used to connect two DTEs directly.
NULL
279. The flag in PPP is a byte that needs to be ________ whenever it appears in the data section of
the frame.
Escaped
280. ________ is an Authentication Protocol, which is used by the PPP to authenticate passwords.
PAP
281. In CRC there is no error if the remainder at the receiver is _______.
Zero
282. VCI address is ________ address in virtual circuit approach.
Global&confirm from net
283. ________ is an Authentication Protocol, which uses two-step process to authenticate user
information.
PAP
284. Possession of TOKEN gives the station the right to ________.
send the data
285. The transmission medium that carries the message is referred to as the ___________.
Communication channel
286. Latency is made of ________ components.
Four&.confirm

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287. Sampling means measuring ____________ of signal at equal intervals
Amplitudes
288. Which error detection method uses one's complement arithmetic?
Checksum
289. To calculate the data rate for noisy channel ________ formula is used.
Shannon&..confirm
290. To calculate the data rate for noisless channel ________ formula is used.
Nyquist&.confirm
291. Checksum is an error-detection technique that can be applied to a message of ________ length.
Any
292. In ________ each band is reserved for a specific ststion, and it belongs to the station all the
time.
FDMA
293. Flow control is needed to prevent ________.
Overflow of the receiver buffer
294. Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) is the combination of ________ and ________.
FSK, PSK
295. Like 10 Base 5, 10 Base 2 is a ________ topology LAN.
Bus
296. In the ________ method, the stations in a network are orgamized in a logical ring.
Token-passing
297. Two or more computers connected so that they can communicate with each other and share
information is called a ___________.
network
298. The logical connection between the peer layers is ________connection.
Direct&.confirm from net
299. In CSMA/CA, ________ is the amount of time divided into slots.
Contention Window
300. ________ relative measures the strength of two signals.
Decibal &.confirm
301. A sine wave is ___________.
periodic and continuous
302. There are __________types of guided media.
3
303. AM signal requires ___________ the BW of original signal
Twice
304. CHAP is an Authentication Protocol, which uses ________
process to authenticate user information.
Three-way
305. There are _________ types of serial transmission.
2
306. 294. There are ________ basic categories of multiplexing.

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3
307. Congestion Control is a feature of layer(s).
All mentioned
308. Most commonly used connector for twisted pair cable is ________.
RJ-45&.confirm from net
309. ___________ does not happen until all the data is transferred and
310. all of the resources are freed.
Switching
311. A local telephone network use _______network.
Circuit switched&confirm from net
312. Microwaves are _________.
Unidirectional &.confrim
313. _________have established standards for using these signals for communication between
devices such as keyboards, mice, PCs and printers
Infrared waves&confirm from net
314. Datagram approach and virtual circuit approach are two popular approaches which lead us to
________.
Circuit switching&.confirm
315. In circuit switching when two end devices 8A9 and 8B9 connects with each other they send ____
request.
Acceptance
316. In optical fiber a glass or plastic core is surrounded by a________.
Cladding&confirm
317. _______ are used for multicast communication, such as radio and television.
Radio waves&confirm
318. . DLC in data link layer stands for ____
Data Link control&.confirm
319. In virtual Circuit network all packets follow __________ path
Dedicated
320. Multi mode technology has _______ main types for light propagating.
Two
321. If the message is going to pass through a packet-switched network. If can be divided into
packets of __________.
Both fix and variable size
322. According to state, fewer than ______ crossbar points can be used at once.
25%
323. _________ and ________ are the two types of addressing in virtual circuit approach.
Local, Global
324. Cable TV networks use __________ cables
Coaxial&.confirm from net
325. The size of the packet is determined by the network and__________.
Governing Protocol

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326. In circuit switching total delay is combination of connection time. Data transfer time and
_____________
Connection tear down time
327. Which one of the following is not among the required phases for the actual communication in a
circuit-switched network?
Protocol
328. Electromagnetic waves ranging in frequencies between 1 and 300 GHz are called
________________.
Microwaves
329. If we increase the data rate of a transmission over noisy channel, fixed noise duration will cause
________ number of bits being impacted by the noise.
Less
330. In case of higher data rate, the number of impacted bits will be _______.
Higher
331. In baseband transmission, a digital signal is transmitted as__________.
Analog signal&.confirm from net
332. ________ Cable is used in wavelength division multiplexing.
Fiber optic&.confirm from net
333. The ————— technique expands the bandwidth of a signal by replacing each data bit with n
bits using a spreading code.
DSSS&confirm from net
334. When the bandwidth of a link is greater than combined bandwidths of the
Frequency division&.confirm from net
335. According to the Fourier analysis, frequencies obtained after decomposition of no period.
Continuous&&confirm from net
336. Router is a network device which operates on the __ layer of the TCP/IP protocol.
Network&confirm from net
337. Uni polar, polar and bipolar are the types of —————
NRZ-I&.confirm from net
338. According to stats, lower than —————- crossbar point can be used at once .
25%....confirm from net
339. In ———– TDM, slots are dynamically allocated to the connected stations to improve bandwidth
efficiency.
Statistical&confirm from net
340. In star based network comprising of four computers and on switch, total number of cables
needed will be ———-
4&confirm from net
341. The conversion of analog sample of the signal into digital form is called ________ process.
Sampling and quantizing&confirm from net
342. On a communication link, different channels are separated by unused strips of bandwidth called
as ————-.
Guard band

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343. ———— is an example of host in a network.
Computer&confirm from net
344. In ————— TDM, each input connection has an allotment in the output even if is not sending
data.
Synchronous &confirm
345. ————– coding scheme are useful for LAN but not for long ranges
Biphase&confirm
346. In ———– signal changes its shape or form.
Distortion&confirm
347. . —————- Protocol suite is being used by the modern internet communication.
TCP/IP&confirm from net
348. in NRZ-1 the signal is inverted if ————- is encountered.
1&confirm from net
349. Simultaneous transmission of multiple signal across a single data link is called——
Multiplexing..confirm from net
350. Two stations are connected via a secure link in which messages are encrypted from source to
the destination message is called——————
Protocol
351. Which one of following is a scrambling coding technique?
B8ZS
352. According to the Fourier analysis, frequencies obtained after decomposition of digital signals
are____________.
Discrete
353. _______ is the heart of blocking code.
Coding
354. Wireless transmission can be divided into_____ broad groups.
Three&confirm from net
355. Wiring used for transmission modes depends upon________.
Latency
356. If a digital transmission system is sending five bits in every half a second, the bit-rate of the
system.
10 bps&confirm
357. If the message going to pass through a packet-switched network, it can be divided into packets
of_________.
Both fix and Variable size
358. In an analogue hierarchy to carry voice channels, a group can carry _________voice channels.
12
359. In optical fiber a glass or plastic core is surrounded by a ___________.
Cladding
360. In transmission impairments ______________ noise occurs from other source like
Induced&confirm
361. ___________ is a digital process that allows connections to share the high bandwidth of a link.

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TDM
362. Bandwidth in hertz in the range of_________ contained in a composite signal.
Frequencies
363. LAN stands for ___________.
Local Area Network
364. Demultiplexer is a_________ device.
One to many
365. Mr. Asif while sitting in Lahore is linking with his friend in Dubai through Skype is
a_____________.
Wide Area Network
366. In __________ modulation, frequency and amplitude remain constant.
Amplitude
367. In TDM based digital hierarchy used by the Telephone companies, DS-1 is a single digital channel
of_________.
1.544 Mbps&confirm
368. In TDM based digital hierarchy used by the Telephone companies, DS-2 is a single digital channel
of_________.
6.312 Mbps&confirm
369. In TDM based digital hierarchy used by the Telephone companies, DS-3 is a single digital channel
of_________.
44.376MBps&confirm
370. In TDM based digital hierarchy used by the Telephone companies, DS-4 is a single digital channel
of_________.
274.176 MBps&..confirm
371. The bandwidth-delay product defines the number of bits that can fill the ____________.
Link
372. If a digital-signals has four levels, then we need _____ bits to represent each level.
2
373. Routing is a function of____________ layer.
Network
374. _________ relatively measures the strength of two signals.
Decibel
375. Taking off the header from the message is called________.
Encryption
376. In frequency domain plot, which value is replaced with frequency?
Wavelength
377. _________ is the process of converting binary data to a digital signal.
Line coding
378. Low pass channel with ___________ bandwidth is not real and is used for theoretical modeling.
Narrow or wide&both are confirm
379. Unit of phase is________.
Degree

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380. BFSK stands for_____________.
Binary Frequency Sift Key
381. ____________ is NOT an example of connecting device.
TCP
382. Coaxial cables are categorized by their____________ ratings.
Radio Government (RG)&.confirm
383. Which one of the following is not among the required phases for the actual communication in a
circuit switched network
Protocol
384. A common bipolar encoding scheme is called ________.
AMI
385. A telephone line analog signal has got the bandwidth of ___________.
4 kHz&confirm
386. In __________ systems, resources are allocated on demand.
Circuit switching
387. A fiber-optic cable transmit signals in the form of_________.
Light
388. Composite wave can be used to send ____________.
Frequency
389. Routing is the function of _________ layer.
Network
390. A virtual-circuit network operates on ____________layer.
Datalink
391. In TCP\IP model, the Physical Layer exchanges data in the form of ___________.
Bits&confirm
392. _________ signal completes certain pattern in a specific amount of time.
Periodic
393. If a digital signal has four levels, the we need _________bits to represent.
2
394. We can have combination of___________ possible codes with a 5-bit code.
32
395. There are _________categories of multiplexing.
3
396. Top most organization that provides support for the Internet Standard process is
called___________.
IETF
397. If the message is going to pass through a packet-switched network, it can be divided into
packets of___________.
Both-fix and variable size
398. ________ data moves faster and timing errors are less frequent because the transmitter and
receiver time is synced.
Synchronous&confirm

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399. In frequency modulation, the frequency of the oscillator changes according
tothe_____________.
Input Voltage
400. Binary Amplitude Shift Keying also called as:
On-Off Keying
401. Bi-polar uses_________ voltage levels.
Two
402. In serial data transmission ________ data transmission mode can be cheap but slower.
Asynchronous
403. In star-based network comprising of four computers and one switch, total number of cable
needed will be___________.
4
404. Parabolic antenna is used for_________ communication.
Microwave&confirm
405. In circuit switching total Delay is combination of Connection Time and____________.
Connection tear down time
406. Datagram switching is done on___________.
Network Layer
407. Token Ring was devised by____________.
IBM&confirm
408. In TDM based digital hierarchy used by the Telephone companies, DS-0 is a digital channel
of______________.
64 kbps&confirm
409. ____________can be published using Request for Comments (RFCs).
Internet Draft&.confirm
410. In transmission impairments_______ noise occurs from the random motion of electrons in a
wire.
Thermal noise&confirm
411. Which one of the following is among the required phases for the actual communication in a
circuit switched network?
Data transfer
412. According to the Fourier analysis, frequencies obtained after decomposition of nonperiodic
digital signals are___________.
Bit length
413. The most common type of connector used by the coaxial cable is______________.
BNC
414. When data is sent or received using___________ the data bits are organized in a specific order,
since they can only be sent or received one after another.
Serial data transmission
415. __________have established standards for using these signals for communication between
devices such as keyboards, mice, PCs, and printers.
Infrared waves

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416. In case of Frequency shift key, the difference between two frequency is represented
as____________.
2 delta&.confirm
417. ___________category of coaxial cable is used for thin Ethernet.
RG-58
418. Cellular telephone uses___________ waves for communication.
Radio waves
419. _________ layer is responsible for the creating of the datagrams.
Network
420. In virtual circuit approach when a frame enters a switch and when it leaves a switch its VCI
always___________.
Remain the same
421. According to stats, fewer than_________ crossbar points can be used at once.
25%
422. Data format used at Transport layer of TCP\IP protocol suit is called__________.
Packet
423. A virtual circuit network operates on ___________ layer.
Application
424. If 32 bits are sent in two seconds then the bitrate for that signal is______________.
64 bps
425. ____________ normally used for long-distance data transfer.
426. Both parallel and Serial data transmission
__________ is a block coding method.
8B\10B
427. TCP\IP was chosen to be the official protocol of internet ________________.
1983
428. To measure the data rate ___________ theoretically formula(s)Were developed.
Four
429. In FSK, Baud rate is less than or equal to _____________ rate.
Bit rate&..confirm
430. ___________ signal is represented by the discrete values.
Digital
431. Electromagnetic waves ranging in frequencies between 3 kHz and 1 GHz are called_________.
Radio waves
432. Suppose a signal is amplitude then the value od decibel will be __________.
Positive
433. _________ technique does not follows analog conversion.
QAM
434. In Pulse Code Modulation (PCM), the sampling is dependent on_________.
Amplitude
435. ________________ is the sub type of Time Division Multiplexing Technique.
Statistical TDM

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436. Modulation of analog signal is needed if the medium is ______________ in nature.
Bandpass
437. Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) is the combination of____________ and
438. __________.
ASK-FSK
439. There _____________ components of data communication system.
5&confirm
440. QPSK stands for_____________.
Quadrature phase shift key
441. To calculate the data rate for noisy channel___________ formula is used.
Shannon
442. Binary Amplitude Shift Keying(ASK) is also called as:
On-Off Keying&.confirm
443. Some manufacturers provide a special port called the__________.
IrDA
444. To calculate the data rate for noiseless channel ____________ formula is used.
Nyquist
445. Two PCs and one printer are connected in a network within a room, it is an example
of_________.
LAN&confirm from net
446. Analog the following cables given, __________ cable provides highest bandwidth and less
attenuation.
Fiber optical
447. To calculate the data for noisy channel_________ formula is used.
Shannon
448. In circuit switched networks we have low efficiency but minimal _____________.
Delay
449. Polar encoding scheme uses__________ voltage level.
2&.confirm
450. TCP\IP protocol suit consists of __________ layers.
5&..confirm
451. Bandwidth in hertz is the range of__________ contained in a composite signal.
Frequencies&.confirm
452. ___________ is an example of a host in a network.
Computer
453. Set of rules to be followed for effective communication is called____________.
Protocol
454. _________ is NOT an example of a connecting device.
TCP
455. When an antenna transmits radio waves, they are propagated in ________________.
Only up and down direction
456. Which one of the following is not a bipolar encoding level?

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One
457. ___________and________ are the two types of addressing in virtual circuit approach.
Local, Global
458. In transmission implements____________ noise occurs from the effect of one wire on the other
Cross talk&confirm
459. In computer network the stations are connected to each other in such a way that each station is
connected to every other station through dedicated links. This makes___________.
Bus
460. In scrambling coding scheme, the number of pulses replacing the bits will be______________?
Equal to pulses&..confirm
461. In the context of analog to analog signal conversation technique. <PM= Standsfor__________.
Phase modulation
462. ______________ relatively measurement the strength of two signals.
Decibel
463. Datagram approach and circuit approach are two popular approaches which lead us
to__________.
Packet switching
464. In virtual circuit approach when frame enters a switch and when it leaves a switch its VCi
always___________.
Remain the Same
465. ________ means loss of energy in signal.
Attenuation
466. A local telephone network use ____________network.
Circuit switched
467. In Amplitude Shift Keying. _______of the signal is/are changed.
Amplitude
468. In frequency domain plot, which value is plot on Y-axis?
Amplitude&.confirm
469. In pulse code modulation the term sampling can also be referred as____________.
Pulse Amplitude Modulation
470. In analog transmission of digital data, the required bandwidth is always proportional to the
signal rate expect in ________ a digital to analog conversion technique.
ASK
471. WDM stands for____________.
Wavelength Division Multiplexing
472. ____________ does not follows analog to analog conversion.
QAM
473. On a communication link, different channels are separates by unused strips of bandwidth called
as___________.
Guard band
474. _______________ layer converts frames coming from Data Link Layer into bits and sends
475. Them on the transmission medium.

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Physical
476. Wavelength binds the___________ of a simple sine wave to the propagation speed of the
medium.
Period of the frequency book page 61
477. The bandwidth delay product define the number of bits that can fill the_____________.
Network
478. The size of the packet determined by the network and _______________.
Governing protocol
479. To improve the performance of line coding __________coding was&&?
Block coding&confirm
480. Which one of the following is not a sampling technique?
Neutral sampling
481. ___________is normally used where speed is priority in data transfer.
Hybrid transmission
482. In a computer network, five stations are connected to each other in such a way that each station
is connected to every other station through dedicated links. This makes____________ topology.
Mesh&confirm
483. Some manufacturer provide a special port called the_________port that allows a wireless
keyboard to communicate with a PC.
IrDA
484. Current technology supports______________ modes for propagation of light.
Two
485. We quantize the sampling output into certain levels based on range of___________ and
required accuracy.
Amplitude&.confirm
486. _____________is the Nyquist bit rate formula for noiseless channel.
BitRate=2*Bandwidth*log2 L&confirm
487. A frequency is called ___________, if the rate of change in sine wave Is Instantaneous.
Infinite frequency book page 59
488. Which multiplexing technique involves signals composed of light beams?
WDM&.confirm
489. __________ is a multiplexing technique which shifts each signal to a different carrier frequency.
FDM&confirm
490. Entire band in United States is regulated by_________ authorities.
FCC
491. __________ signals can take infinite levels of intensity over time. Analog
Bi-polar uses_________ voltage levels.
a. Two
492. In serial data transmission ________ data transmission mode can be cheap but slower.
Asynchronous
493. In star-based network comprising of four computers and one switch, total number of cable
needed will be___________.

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4
494. Parabolic antenna is used for_________ communication.
Microwave
495. In circuit switching total Delay is combination of Connection Time and____________.
Connection tear down time
496. Guard bands are used in _________ multiplexing technique, to avoid overlapping of frequency
bands assigned to each user
FDM
497. Datagram switching is done on___________.
Network Layer
498. Token Ring was devised by____________.
IBM
499. In TDM based digital hierarchy used by the Telephone companies, DS-0 is a digital channel
of______________
1.544 Mbps
500. ____________can be published using Request for Comments (RFCs).
Internet Draft
501. In transmission impairments_______ noise occurs from the random motion of electrons in a
wire.
Thermal noise
502. In ASK correct formula for calculating the bandwidth is as_____________-
B=(1*d)S
503. Which one of the following is among the required phases for the actual communication in a
circuit switched network?
Data transfer
504. According to the Fourier analysis, frequencies obtained after decomposition of non-periodic
digital signals are___________.
Bit length
505. The most common type of connector used by the coaxial cable is______________.
BNC
506. When data is sent or received using___________ the data bits are organized in a specific order,
since they
Serial data transmission
507. __________have established standards for using these signals for communication between
devices such as keyboards, mice, PCs, and printers.
Infrared waves
508. In case of Frequency shift key, the difference between two frequency is represented
as____________.
2
509. ___________category of coaxial cable is used for thin Ethernet.
RG-58
510. Cellular telephone uses___________ waves for communication.

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Radio waves
511. ___________mode of serial transmission guarantees fixed rate data.
Isochronous
512. Router is a network device which operates on the__________ layers of the TCP\IP protocol suit.
Network
513. _________ layer is responsible for the creating of the datagrams.
Network
514. In virtual circuit approach when a frame enters a switch and when it leaves a switch its VCI
always___________.
Remain the same
515. According to stats, fewer than_________ crossbar points can be used at once.
25%
516. Data format used at Transport layer of TCP\IP protocol suit is called__________.
Packet
517. A virtual circuit network operates on ___________ layer.
Application
518. Cable TV networks use____________ cables.
Coaxial
519. ____________ Normally used for long-distance data transfer.
Both parallel and serial data transmission
520. __________ is a block coding method.
8B\10B
521. TCP\IP was chosen to be the official protocol of internet ________________.
1983
522. To measure the data rate ___________ theoretically formula(s)Were developed.
Four
523. In FSK, Baud rate is less than or equal to _____________ rate.
None of these Given
524. ___________ signal is represented by the discrete values.
Digital
525. Electromagnetic waves ranging in frequencies between 3 kHz and 1 GHz are called_________.
Radio waves
526. Suppose a signal is amplitude then the value od decibel will be __________.
Positive
527. _________ technique does not follows analog conversion.
QAM
528. In Pulse Code Modulation (PCM), the sampling is dependent on_________.
Amplitude
529. ________________ is the sub type of Time Division Multiplexing Technique.
Statistical TDM
530. Modulation of analog signal is needed if the medium is ______________ in nature.
Band pass

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531. Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) is the combination of____________ and __________.
ASK-FSK
532. There _____________ components of data communication system.
5
533. QPSK stands for_____________.
Quadrature phase shift key
534. To calculate the data rate for noisy channel___________ formula is used.
Shannon
535. Most commonly used connector for twisted pair cable is ______________.
RJ-45
536. Binary Amplitude Shift Keying is also called as:
On-Off Keying
537. Some manufacturers provide a special port called the__________.
IrDA
538. To calculate the data rate for noiseless channel ____________ formula is used.
Nyquist
539. Two PCs and one printer are connected in a network within a room, it is an example of
_________.
LAN
540. Analog the following cables given, __________ cable provides highest bandwidth and less
attenuation.
Fiber optical
541. To calculate the data for noisy channel_________ formula is used.
Shannon
542. In circuit switched networks we have low efficiency but minimal _____________.
Delay
543. Signals travel through fiber optic cable are in the form of___________.
Light
544. Polar encoding scheme uses__________ voltage level.
1
545. TCP\IP protocol suit consists of __________ layers.
5
546. Bandwidth in hertz is the range of__________ contained in a composite signal.
Frequencies
547. ___________ is an example of a host in a network.
Computer
548. Set of rules to be followed for effective communication is called____________.
Protocol
549. _________ is NOT an example of a connecting device.
TCP
550. When an antenna transmits radio waves, they are propagated in ________________.
Only up and down direction

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551. Which one of the following is not a bipolar encoding level?
One
552. ___________and________ are the two types of addressing in virtual circuit approach.
Local, Global
553. In transmission implements____________ noise occurs from other sources like motors and
appliances etc.
Cross talk
554. In computer network the stations are connected to each other in such a way that each station is
connected to every other station through dedicated links. This makes___________.
Bus
555. In scrambling coding scheme, the number of pulses replacing the bits will be______________?
Equal to pulses
556. In the context of analog to analog signal conversation technique. <PM= Stands for__________.
Phase modulation
557. ______________ relatively measurement the strength of two signals. Decibel
558. Datagram approach and circuit approach are two popular approaches which lead us
to__________.
Packet switching
559. If data is to be 1 Mbps then what will be the minimum bandwidth required for NRZ-I coding
scheme?
500khz
560. In virtual circuit approach when frame enters a switch and when it leaves a switch its VCi
always___________.
Remain the Same
561. A common bipolar coding scheme is called__________
AMI
562. ________ means loss of energy in signal.
Attenuation
563. The conversion of analog simple of the signal into digital form is called _____________ process.
Sampling
564. A local telephone network use ____________network.
Circuit switched
565. In Amplitude Shift Keying. _______of the signal is/are changed.
Amplitude
566. In frequency domain plot, which value is plot on Y-axis?
Amplitude
567. In pulse code modulation the term sampling can also be referred as____________.
Pulse Amplitude Modulation
568. Switch is a network device which operates on the _______________layer of TCP/IP protocol
suit.
Data link

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569. In analog transmission of digital data, the required bandwidth is always proportional to the
signal rate expect in ________ a digital to analog conversion technique.
ASK
570. WDM stands for____________.
Wavelength Division Multiplexing
571. ____________ does not follows analog to analog conversion.
QAM
572. On a communication link, different channels are separates by unused strips of bandwidth called
as___________.
Guard band
573. _______________ layer converts frames coming from Data Link Layer into bits and sends
574. Them on the transmission medium
Physical
575. Wavelength binds the___________ of a simple sine wave to the propagation speed of the
medium.
Period of the frequency
576. The bandwidth delay product define the number of bits that can fill the_____________.
Network
577. The size of the packet determined by the network and _______________.
Governing protocol
578. To improve the performance of line coding __________coding was&&?
Block coding
579. Which one of the following is not a sampling technique?
Neutral sampling
580. ___________is normally used where speed is priority in data transfer.
Hybrid transmission
581. In a computer network, five stations are connected to each other in such a way that each station
is connected to every other station through dedicated links. This makes____________ topology.
Mesh
582. Some manufacturer provide a special port called the_________port that allows a wireless
keyboard to communicate with a PC.
IrDA
583. Current technology supports______________ modes for propagation of light.
Two
584. We quantize the sampling output into certain levels based on range of___________ and
required accuracy.
Amplitude
585. _____________is the Nyquist bit rate formula for noiseless channel.
BitRate=2*Bandwidth*log2 L
586. A frequency is called ___________, if the rate of change in sine wave Is Instantaneous.
Infinite frequency
587. Which multiplexing technique involves signals composed of light beams?

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WDM
588. __________ is a multiplexing technique which shifts each signal to a different carrier frequency.
FDM
589. Entire band in United States is regulated by_________ authorities.
FCC
590. Two stations are connected via a secure link in which messages are encrypted from source to
the destination message is called——————
Protocol
591. Simultaneous transmission of multiple signal across a single data link is called——-
Multiplexing
592. In NRZ-1 the signal is inverted if ————- is encountered.
1
593. —————- Protocol suite is being used by the modern internet communication
TCP/IP
594. In the frequency shift keying, ————- remain(s) constant.
Amplitude
595. In ———– signal changes its shape or form.
Distortion
596. ————– coding scheme are useful for LAN but not for long ranges.
Biphase
597. In ————— TDM, each input connection has an allotment in the output even if is not sending
data.
Synchronous
598. ——————- is a type of serial transmission in which data bits are transmitted as a continues
stream in time with a master clock. Start bits, stop bits, and gaps are not used. Transmitter and
receiver time is sync.
Isochronous
599. ————- Relative measures the strength of two signals.
Decibel
600. When the bandwidth of a link is greater than the combined bandwidths of the signals, we use —
————- multiplexing.
Frequency division
601. ———— is an example of host in a network.
Computer
602. On a communication link, different channels are separated by unused strips of bandwidth called
as ————-.
Guard band
603. The conversion of analog sample of the signal into digital form is called ———— process.
Quantizing and sampling
604. In star based network comprising of four computers and on switch, total number of cables
needed will be ———-
4

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605. The logical connection between the peer layers is ———- connection.
Direct
606. In ———– TDM, slots are dynamically allocated to the connected stations to improve bandwidth
efficiency.
Statistical
607. According to stats, lower than —————- crossbar point can be used at once
25%
608. ————– Category of coaxial cable is used for cable TV.
RG-59
609. ————– is sometimes called the bit rate.
Data rate
610. Uni polar, polar and bipolar are the types of —————
NRZ-I
611. Router is a network device which operates on the ———— layer of the TCP/IP protocol.
Network
612. According to the Fourier analysis, frequencies obtained after decomposition of no period.
Continuous
613. When the bandwidth of a link is greater than combined bandwidths of the
Frequency division
614. The ————— technique expands the bandwidth of a signal by replacing each data bit with n
bits using a spreading code.
DSSS
615. ———– Cable is used in wavelength division multiplexing.
Fiber optic
616. VCI address is ———— address in virtual circuit approach.
Global
617. In baseband transmission, a digital signal is transmitted as ————.
618. Digital signal
619. telephone network use —————- network.
Circuit switched
620. Entire band in United states is regulated by ————— authorities.
FCC
621. ————– are used for multicast communication, such as radio and television.
Radio waves
622. To calculate the data rate foe noiseless channel ———— formula is used-
Nyquist
623. In an analogue hierarchy to carry voice channels, a super group _____________ bandwidth.
60kHz
624. Which one of following is a scrambling coding technique?
B8ZS
625. According to the Fourier analysis, frequencies obtained after decomposition of digital signals
are____________.

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Discrete
626. Low pass channel has_______ bandwidth between two stations.
Shared
627. _______ is the heart of blocking code.
Coding
628. Wireless transmission can be divided into_____ broad groups.
Three
629. Wiring used for transmission modes depends upon________.
Latency
630. If a digital transmission system is sending five bits in every half a second, the bit-rate of the
system.
5 bps

631. If the message going to pass through a packet-switched network, it can be divided into packets
of_________.
Both fix and Variable size
632. In an analogue hierarchy to carry voice channels, a group can carry _________voice channels.
12
633. QUESTION: In optical fiber a glass or plastic core is surrounded by a ___________.
Cladding
634. In transmission impairments ______________ noise occurs from other sourcelike
Induced
635. ___________ is a digital process that allows connections to share the high bandwidth of a link.
TDM
636. Bandwidth in hertz in the range of_________ contained in a composite signal.
Frequencies
637. LAN stands for ___________.
Local Area Network
638. Demultiplexer is a_________ device.
One to many
639. Mr. Asif while sitting in Lahore is linking with his friend in Dubai through Skype is
a_____________.
Wide Area Network
640. In __________ modulation, frequency and amplitude remain constant.
Amplitude
641. The bandwidth-delay product defines the number of bits that can fill the ____________.
Link
642. If a digital-signals has four levels, then we need _____ bits to represent each level.
2
643. Routing is a function of____________ layer.
a. Network
644. _________ relatively measures the strength of two signals.

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Decibel
645. Taking off the header from the message is called________.

Encryption

646. Which of the following is not a characteristic of a sine wave?

Segmentation
647. In frequency domain plot, which value is replaced with frequency?
Wavelength
648. _________ is the process of converting binary data to a digital signal.
Line coding
649. Low pass channel with ___________ bandwidth is not real and is used for theoretical modeling.
Narrow
650. HDB3 falls under which coding scheme?
Bipolar
651. Unit of phase is________.
Degree
652. BFSK stands for_____________.
Binary Frequency Sift Key
653. ____________ is NOT an example of connecting device.
TCP
654. Coaxial cables are categorized by their____________ ratings.
Electronic Industries Association (EIA)
Amplitude modulation (AM)
Frequency modulation (FM)
Radio Government (RG
655. _________ is Shannon capacity formula to determine highest theoretically data rate for a noisy
channel.
Capacity=Bandwidth*log2(1+SNR)
656. Which one of the following is not among the required phases for the actual communication in a
circuit switched network?
a. Protocol
657. A common bipolar encoding scheme is called ________.
a. AMI
658. A telephone line analog signal has got the bandwidth of ___________.
2 kHz
659. In __________ systems, resources are allocated on demand.
Circuit switching

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660. A fiber-optic cable transmit signals in the form of_________.

a. Light
661. Composite wave can be used to send ____________.
Frequency
662. Routing is the function of _________ layer.
Network
663. A virtual-circuit network operates on ____________layer.
a. Datalink
664. In TCP\IP model, the Physical Layer exchanges data in the form of ___________.
Bits
665. _________ signal completes certain pattern in a specific amount of time.
a. Periodic

666. If a digital signal has four levels, the we need _________bits to represent.
2
667. We can have combination of___________ possible codes with a 5-bit code.
32
668. There are _________categories of multiplexing.
a. 3
669. Top most organization that provides support for the Internet Standard process is
called___________.
IETF
670. If the message is going to pass through a packet-switched network, it can be divided into
packets of___________.

Both-fix and variable size

671. ____ data moves faster and timing errors are less frequent because the transmitter and receiver
time is synced.
Isochronous
672. In frequency modulation, the frequency of the oscillator changes according to
the_____________.
Input Voltage
673. Binary Amplitude Shift Keying also called as:
On-Off Keying

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