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02 - Lettering and Dimensioning

This document provides an overview of lettering and dimensioning in engineering drawings. It discusses topics such as basic strokes used in drawings, guidelines for letter height and width, types of letters, and rules for dimensioning. Dimensioning involves extension lines, dimension lines, leader lines, and arrowheads to indicate numerical values and geometry. The document emphasizes placing dimensions outside views and using either aligned or unidirectional dimensioning systems. It also covers metric units and self-study topics in geometric construction.

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45 views36 pages

02 - Lettering and Dimensioning

This document provides an overview of lettering and dimensioning in engineering drawings. It discusses topics such as basic strokes used in drawings, guidelines for letter height and width, types of letters, and rules for dimensioning. Dimensioning involves extension lines, dimension lines, leader lines, and arrowheads to indicate numerical values and geometry. The document emphasizes placing dimensions outside views and using either aligned or unidirectional dimensioning systems. It also covers metric units and self-study topics in geometric construction.

Uploaded by

akshath.rk2002
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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CE101

Engineering Drawing

Lecture-2: Lettering and Dimensioning


Margins
Title Block
Graphic Language in Engineering Drawing

“Engineering drawing” or “blueprint” uses lines to


represent the features of an object.

Features of an object are surface (include plane) and


edge.

Surface

Edge
Basic Strokes
Straight Slanted Horizontal Curved

Examples
“I” letter “A” letter “B” letter
4 5
1 1 2 1

3 6

3
2
LETTERING
• Single stroke: Thickness in single stroke lettering is obtained by a single stroke of pencil
• The pencil or pen can be lifted while completing a particular letter
• Double stroke: line width is greater than that of single stroke Lettering
• Repetition of successive single strokes on the initial stroke
Height and Width of Letters
• BIS (SP 46: 2003) has recommended the heights of letters as: 1.8 mm, 2.5 mm, 3.5 mm, 5
mm, 7 mm, 10 mm, 14 mm and 20 mm.
• Large-sized letters are used for main titles and headings, medium-sized letters for
subtitles and important notes and small-sized letters for dimensions and general notes.
• The height of letters bears direct relationship with the size of drawing, i.e., large-sized
letters for larger drawings and small-sized letters for smaller drawings.
• The height-to-width ratio varies from letter to letter. Most of the letters follow the ratio
7 : 5 or 7 : 6.
Vertical Capital Letters and Numeric
Vertical Lowercase Letters
Lettering Rules

1. Draw letters as simple as possible. Artistic or cursive lettering should be


strictly avoided.

2. Draw letters symmetrical about the vertical axis or horizontal axis.


Asymmetric letters like, F, R, Z, 4, etc., may be drawn as they are.

3. Round-off the sharp corners wherever necessary, e.g., D, P, S, etc.

4. Draw all letters legible and uniform.

5. The height of all the letters in one line should be the same.

6. Use single stroke vertical CAPITAL letters as much as possible.


Dimensioning
Dimension is a numerical value expressed in appropriate units of measurement and
indicated graphically on technical drawings with lines, symbols and notes (BIS SP 46: 2003)
Dimensioning is done by a set of extension lines, dimension lines, leader lines, arrow
heads and dimensions
Symbol for diameter

Unit of length mostly in


millimeter

Angles in degrees

Symbols to indicate specific


geometry
Dimension line: Dimension line is a thin continuous line. It is terminated by arrowheads touching
the outlines, extension lines or centre lines

Extension lines: An extension line is also a thin continuous line drawn in extension of on outline. It
extends by about 3 mm beyond the dimension line

Arrowheads: An arrowhead is placed at each end of a dimension line. Its pointed end touches an
outline, an extension line or a center line. The size of an arrowhead should be proportional to the
thickness of the outlines. The length of the arrowhead should be about three times its maximum
width
Leader: A leader or a pointer is a thin continuous line connecting a note or a dimension figure with
the feature to which it applies.
• Dimension lines should be drawn at least 10 mm away from the outlines
• Smaller dimensions should be placed near the view and the larger away so that extension lines do
not cross dimension lines
• As far as possible, all the dimensions should be placed outside the views.
• Inside dimensions are preferred only if they are clear and easily readable (Avoided)
Arrowheads should be drawn
within the limits of the
dimensioned feature.

When the space is too narrow,


they may be placed outside

Dimensions should be placed outside the


views

Each dimension should be given only once.


.
No dimension should be redundant
Do not repeat the same dimension in different views

Center line (axis) itself should not be used as


a dimension line with arrowheads at its ends

Center line(axis) itself shall not be used as a


dimension line with arrowheads as its ends

Dimensions shall be given to visible lines


and not to hidden lines
Overall dimension shall be placed outside the intermediate dimensions,
i.e. smaller dimensions shall be placed nearer the view and the larger
farther away so that extension lines do not cross dimension lines
The unit should not be written after each dimension, but a note
mentioning the unit should be placed below the drawing.

Circle should be dimensioned by its diameter.


The dimensioning should be preceded by the
symbol 

Figure shows various methods of dimensioning


different sizes of circles

Arc Radius: An arc is dimensioned


by its radius R by any one of the
ways. Only one arrowhead with its
point on the arc end of the
dimension line is used

Dimension line of a radius should


pass thorough the center of the arc.
Mark the center with a small cross
Spherical radius
All the dimensions on a drawing must be shown using either Aligned System or
Unidirectional System. In no case should, the two systems be mixed on the same
drawing.

Aligned System: Dimensions are placed perpendicular to


the dimension line so that they may be read from the
bottom or right-hand side of the drawing sheet.
Dimensions are placed at the middle and above of the
dimension lines.

Unidirectional System: Dimensions are placed in such a


way that they can be read from the bottom edge of the
drawing sheet. Dimension lines are broken near the
middle for inserting the dimensions. (PREFERRED)
Metric Units
Self Study
Please refer to any engineering drawing text book
• Dividing line into equal parts
• Dividing circle into equal parts
• Perpendicular bisection
• Angular bisection
• Construction of triangles
• Construction of regular polygons such as pentagon, hexagon
• Inscribed circles
• Drawing tangents and normal
THANK YOU

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