Fea Question Bank
Fea Question Bank
QUESTION BANK
YEAR/SEM: III / VI
2022-23
Prepared by:
Dr.P.PARANDAMAN
Associate Professor
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Dhirajlal Gandhi College of Technology
Salem.
UNIT 1
Historical Background – Mathematical Modeling of field problems in Engineering – Governing
Equations – Discrete and continuous models – Boundary, Initial and Eigen Value problems– Weighted
Residual Methods – Variational Formulation of Boundary Value Problems – Ritz Technique – Basic
concepts of the Finite Element Method
PART A
1 Distinguish between Error and Residual. BT1
Remembering
2 Discuss the finite element method work. BT1 Remembering
3 List any four advantages of finite element method. BT3 Applying
4 List out the types of nodes. BT1 Remembering
5 List any four advantages of weak formulation? BT2 Understanding
6 Compare the Ritz technique with the nodal approximation method. BT2 Understanding
7 How to develop the equilibrium equation for a finite element? BT2 Understanding
8 Classify boundary conditions BT3 Applying
9 List the various method of solving boundary value problems. BT1 Remembering
10 Formulate the boundary conditions of a cantilever beam AB of span L BT2 Understanding
fixed at A and free at B subjected to a uniformly distributed load of P
throughout the span.
11 Name the weighted residual methods. BT1 Remembering
12 How will you identify types of Eigen Value Problems? BT1 Remembering
13 Explain weak formulation of FEA BT2 Understanding
14 Why are polynomial types of interpolation function recommended over BT1 Remembering
trigonometric function?
15 What should be considered during piecewise trial function?
BT4 Analyzing
16 How will you develop total potential energy of a structural system?
BT6 Creating
17 Explain the principle of minimum potential energy. BT4 Analyzing
18 Differentiate between initial value problem and boundary value problem? BT5 Evaluating
19 List out the advantages of finite element method over other numerical BT3
Applying
analysis method.
20 Define node or joint BT3 Applying
PART B (13 Marks)
1 Describe the step by step procedure of solving FEA. BT4 Analyzing
2 A tapered bar made of steel is suspended vertically with the larger end
rigidly clamped and the smaller end acted on by a pull of 105N. The
areas at the larger and smaller ends are 80 cm2 and 20 cm2 respectively.
The length of the bar is 3m. The bar weighs 0.075 N/cc. Young’s BT1 Remembering
modulus of the bar material is E=2 x 107 N/cm2. Obtain an approximate
expression for the deformation of the rod using Ritz technique.
Determine the maximum displacement at the tip of the bar.
3 Using any one of the weighted residue method, find the displacement of .BT3 Applying
given governing equation [ ] - 2 = 0, 1 < < 2 at x=1 , u=2 at
2
1 BT2 Understanding
x=2 , x =−
2
4 The Governing Equation for one dimensional heat transfer through a fin of
length l attached to a hot source as shown in fig is given by
BT3 Applying
If the free end of the fin is insulated, give the boundary conditions and
determine using the Collocation technique the temperature distribution in the
fin. Report the temperature at the free end.
5 Solve the differential equation for a physical problem expressed as
d2y/dx2 + 100 = 0, 0≤x≤10
with boundary conditions as y(0)=0 and y(10)=0 using (i) Point BT2 Understanding
collocation method (ii) Sub domain collocation method (iii) Least
square method and (iv) Galerkin method
6 For the differential equation - [(1 + ) ] = 0 for 0<x<1 with the
boundary conditions y (0) = 0 and y (1) = 1, obtain an approximation BT5 Evaluating
solution using Rayleigh-Ritz method.
7 The following differential equation is available for a physical
phenomenon, d2y/dx2 – 10x2 =5, 0≤x≤1 with boundary conditions as y
(0) = 0 and y (1) = 0. Find an approximate solution of the above BT4 Analyzing
differential equation by using Galerkin’s method of weighted residuals
and also compare with exact solution.
8 Solve the ordinary differential equation d2y/dx2 + 10 x2 = 0, 0≤x≤1 with
boundary conditions as y (0) = 0 and y (1) = 0 using the Galerkin’s BT3 Applying
method with the trial function No(x) = 0; N1(x) = x (1-x2).
9 Solve the differential equation for a physical problem expressed as
d2y/dx2 + 50 = 0, 0≤x≤10 with boundary conditions as y (0) = 0 and y
(10) = 0 using the trial function y = a1x (10-x) find the value of the
BT3 Applying
parameters a1 by the following methods listed below.
(i) Point collocation method (ii) Sub domain collocation method
(iii) Least squares method and (iv) Galerkin method
PART C (15 Marks)
1 Find the eigen value and eigen function of ′′ − 4 ′+4 2 = 0; with
BT6 Creating
the boundary conditions are ′(1) = 0, (2) + 2 ′(2) = 0.
2 A beam AB of span ‘l’ simply supported at the ends and carrying a
concentrated load ‘W’ at the centre ‘C’ as shown in figure .Determine
the deflection at the mid span by using Rayleigh-Ritz method and
compare with exact solution.
BT6 Creating
3 For the bar element as shown in the figure. Calculate the nodal
displacements and elemental stresses. Take E= 2.1 x 105 N/mm2.
BT3 Applying
4 Determine the Eigen values for the stepped bar shown in figure
BT5 Evaluating
BT4 Analyzing
BT3 Applying
BT2 Understanding
BT1 Remembering
BT3 Applying
13 For the two bar truss shown in the fig, Estimate the displacements of
node 1 and the stress in element 1-3.Take E=70GPa A=200 mm2
BT4 Analyzing
14 Determine the deflection in the beam loaded as shown in fig. at the mid-
span and at the length of 0.5m from the left support. Determine also the BT3 Applying
reactions at the fixed ends. E= 200 GPa. I1= 20 x 10-6 m4 I2 = 10 x 10-6 m4.
PART C
1 Develop the Shape function, Stiffness matrix and force vector for
BT6 Creating
one dimensional linear element.
2 Consider the bar shown in figure axial force P = 30kN is applied as
shown. Determine the nodal displacement, stresses in each element and
reaction forces
BT5 Evaluating
3 For the beam and loading as shown in figure. Calculate the slopes at
nodes 2 and 3 and the vertical deflection at the mid-point of the
distributed load. Take E=200 GPa and I=4x10-6 m4
BT3 Applying
4 Calculate the force in the members of the truss as shown in fig. Take
E=200 GPa
BT3 Applying
UNIT 3 TWO DIMENSIONAL SCALAR VARIABLE PROBLEMS
Second Order 2D Equations involving Scalar Variable Functions – Variational formulation –Finite
Element formulation – Triangular elements – Shape functions and element matrices and vectors.
Application to Field Problems - Thermal problems – Torsion of Non circular shafts –Quadrilateral
elements – Higher Order Elements.
PART A
1 Show the displacement function equation for CST element. BT3 Applying
2 How will you modify a three-dimensional problem to a Two-
dimensional problem? BT6 Creating
3 List out the application of two-dimensional problems. BT1 Remembering
4 What is meant by steady state heat transfer? Write down its governing
differential equation. BT2 Understanding
PART B
1 Derive the conductance matrix for a 3 noded triangular element whose
nodal coordinates are known. The element is to be used for two BT6 Creating
dimensional heat transfer in a plate fin.
2 Determine the shape functions for a constant strain triangular (CST)
BT5 Evaluating
element
3 Compute the element matrices and vectors for the element shown in
fig. when the edges 2-3 and 1-3 experience convection heat loss.
BT5 Evaluating
4 Calculate the element equations for the element shown in fig. which
experiences convection on the side jk and its upper face.
BT4 Analyzing
BT5 Evaluating
6 Derive the expression for shape function for heat transfer in 2D element. BT2 Understanding
7 Calculate the value of pressure at the point A which is inside the 3
noded triangular element as shown in fig. The nodal values are Φ1 = 40
MPa, Φ2 = 34 MPa and Φ3 = 46 MPa. point A is located at (2, 1.5).
Assume the pressure is linearly varying in the element. Also determine
the location of 42 MPa contour line.
BT3 Applying
8 For a 4-noded rectangular element shown in fig. Infer the temperature at
the point (2.5, 2.5). The nodal values of the temperatures are T1= 100°C,
T2= 60°C and T3= 50°C and T4= 90°C. Also determine the 80°C
isotherm.
BT4 Analyzing
9 Calculate the element stiffness matrix and temperature force vector for
the plane stress element shown in fig. The element experiences a 20ºC
increase in temperature. Assume α= 6x10-6 C. Take E=2x105 N/mm2,
v= 0.25, t= 5mm.
BT3 Applying
11 The figure below shows a shaft having rectangular cross section with 8
cm x 4 cm sides. The material has shear modulus 80 x 105 N/mm2 .
Shaft length is 100 cm. the shaft is fixed at one end and subjected to
torque T at the other end. Determine the total angle of twist if the
applied torque is 10 x 103 N-cm
BT5 Evaluating
PART C
1 The x,y coordinates of nodes i,j and k of a triangular element are given
by (0,0) (3,0) and (1.5,4) mm respectively. Evaluate the shape functions
N1,N2 and N3 at an interior point P(2,2.5)mm of the element. Evaluate
BT5 Evaluating
the strain displacement relation matrix B for the above same triangular
element and explain how stiffness matrix is obtained assuming scalar
variable problem.
2 For the triangular element shown in the figure determine the strain-
displacement matrix [B] and constitutive matrix [D]. Assume plane
stress conditions. Take µ=0.3 , E=30 x 106 N/m2 and thickness t= 0.1 m.
And also calculate the element stiffness matrix for the triangular
element
BT4 Analyzing
BT4 Analyzing
UNIT 4 TWO DIMENSIONAL VECTOR VARIABLE PROBLEMS
Equations of elasticity – Plane stress, plane strain and axisymmetric problems – Body forces and
temperature effects – Stress calculations - Plate and shell elements
PART A
1 Illustrate the Stress-Strain relationship matrix for an axisymmetric
BT3 Applying
triangular element.
2 Classify the types of shell element. BT4 Analyzing
3 Define 2D vector variable problems BT1 Remembering
4 List out the various elasticity equations. BT1 Remembering
5 Define plane stress and plane strain. BT1 Remembering
6 Discuss ‘Principal stresses”. BT2 Understanding
7 Mention the difference between the use of linear triangular elements
BT2 Understanding
and bilinear rectangular elements for a 2D domain.
8 Write the strain displacement matrix for a 3 noded triangular element. BT1 Remembering
9 Distinguish between plane stress, plane strain and axisymmetric
BT2 Understanding
analysis in solid mechanics.
10 Distinguish between plate and shell elements. BT3 Applying
11 Define axisymmetric formulation. BT2 Understanding
12 Develop the Shape functions for axisymmetric triangular elements BT6 Creating
13 Express finite element modeling for axisymmetric solid. BT4 Analyzing
14 Develop the Strain-Displacement matrix for axisymmetric solid BT6 Creating
15 Show the Stress-Strain displacement matrix for axisymmetric solid BT3 Applying
16 Deduce the Stiffness matrix for axisymmetric solid BT5 Evaluating
17 Assess the requried conditions for a problem assumed to be
BT5 Evaluating
axisymmetric.
18 State whether plane stress or plane strain elements can be used to model BT4 Analyzing
the following structures. Explain your answer.
A wall subjected to wind load
A wrench subjected to a force in the plane of the wrench.
19 Define a plane strain with suitable example. BT1 Remembering
20 Define a plane stress problem with a suitable example. BT1 Remembering
PART B
1 Determine the stiffness matrix for the axisymmetric element shown in
figure. Take E=2.1 x 105 N/mm2, v=0.25 The coordinates are in mm.
BT3 Applying
BT5 Evaluating
BT1 Remembering
BT4 Analyzing
BT3 Applying
9 Estimate the global stiffness matrix for the plate shown in fig. Taking
two triangular elements. Assume plane stress conditions
BT2 Understanding
10 Explain the classification of the shell elements and also brief the
BT4 Analyzing
assumptions used in Finite element Analysis of Shell element.
11 A tin plate of thickness 5mm is subjected to an axial loading as shown BT4 Analyzing
in the fig. It is divided into two triangular elements by dividing
diagonally. Determine the Strain displacement matrix [B], load vector
and the constitutive matrix. How will you derive the stiffness matrix?
(Need not be determined). What will be the size of the assembled
stiffness matrix? What are the boundary conditions? E=2x107 N/cm2
µ=0.3.
BT1 Remembering
12 Evaluate the Stress-Strain relationship matrix for axisymmetric
BT5 Evaluating
triangular element
13 Develop Strain-Displacement matrix for axisymmetric triangular
BT6 Creating
element
14 Derive the Finite element equation for triangular plate bending element
BT4 Analyzing
with 9 degrees of freedom.
PART C
1 Develop the four basic sets of elasticity equation BT6 Creating
2 A long hollow cylinder of inside diameter 100mm and outside diameter
120mm is firmly fitted in a hole of another rigid cylinder over its full
length as shown in fig. The cylinder is then subjected to an internal
pressure of 2 MPa. By using two element on the 10mm length shown
calculate the displacements at the inner radius tame E = 210 GPa. µ =
0.3
BT3 Applying
3 Triangular element are used for the stress analysis of plate subjected to
in plane loads. The (x,y) coordinates of nodes 1, 2, and 3 of an element
are given by (5,5), (25,5), and (15,15) mm respectively. The nodal
BT5 Evaluating
displacement are given as : u1=0.005 mm, u2=0.002 mm, u3= 0.0 mm,
u4=0.0 mm, u5= 0.005 mm, u6= 0.0 mm. Evaluate element stress. Let
E= 200 GPa, poisson's ratio = 0.3 and use unit thickness of the element
4 For an axisymmetric triangular elements as shown in fig. Evaluate the
stiffness matrix. Take modulus of elasticity E = 210 GPa. Poisson’s
ratio = 0.25. the coordinates are given in millimeters
BT5 Evaluating
UNIT 5 ISOPARAMETRIC FORMULATION
Natural co-ordinate systems – Isoparametric elements – Shape functions for iso parametric elements –
One and two dimensions – Serendipity elements – Numerical integration and application to plane stress
problems - Matrix solution techniques – Solutions Techniques to Dynamic problems – Introduction to
Analysis Software
PART A
1 Illustrate the purpose of Isoparameteric element. BT4 Analyzing
2 Differentiate between Isoparametric, super parametric and sub-
BT1 Remembering
parametric elements.
3 Define Isoparametric formulation BT5 Evaluating
4 Explain the Jacobian transformation BT2 Understanding
5 Give the shape functions for a four-noded linear quadrilateral element in Understanding
BT2
natural coordinates.
6 Describe the Jacobian of transformation for two-noded Isoparametric BT1 Remembering
element.
7 List out the advantages of Gauss quadrature numerical integration for BT1 Remembering
Isoparametric element
8 Define Isoparametric element BT2 Understanding
9 Discuss about Numerical integration BT2 Understanding
10 Discuss about Gauss-quadrature method. BT4 Analyzing
11 Differentiate between implicitly and explicitly methods of numerical BT4 Analyzing
integration
12 Differentiate between geometric and material non-linearity. BT1 Remembering
13 List out the significance of Jacobian transformation BT1 Remembering
14 Define Isoparametric element with suitable examples. BT6 Creating
15 Develop Stress- displacement matrix for Four noded quadrilateral BT6 Creating
element using natural coordinates.
16 Develop Stiffness matrix for Isoparametric quadrilateral element BT1 Remembering
17 Define Newton cotes quadrature method BT2 Understanding
18 Distinguish between trapezoidal rule and Simpson’s rule BT2 Understanding
19 Distinguish between trapezoidal rule and Gauss quadrature. BT5 Evaluating
20 State the transformation for mapping x-coordinate system into a natural
coordinate system for a linear spar element and for a quadratic spar BT4 Analyzing
element
PART B
1
For the four noded element shown in fig. determine the Jacobian
and evaluate its value at the point (0,0)
BT1 Remembering
BT3 Applying
3 Develop the shape function for 4 noded isoparametric quadrilateral element BT6 Creating
Evaluate the Jacobian matrix at the local coordinates ε=η= 0.5 for
the linear quadrilateral element with its global coordinates as shown in BT5 Evaluating
fig. Also evaluate the strain-displacement matrix
6 For the four noded quadrilateral element shown in fig analysis the
Jacobian and evaluate its value at the point (1/2, 1/2)
BT4 Analyzing
BT3 Applying
1
8
∫ (x + x 2 )dx by applying 3 point Gaussian quadrature.
4 BT5 Evaluating
Evaluate
−1
9 1
BT3 Applying
BT5 Evaluating
4 For the isoparametric quadrilateral element shown in figure, the
Cartesian coordinates of point ‘P’, are (6,4). The loads 10 kN and 12 kN
are acting in x and y direction on that point P. Evaluate the nodal
forces.
BT4 Analyzing