REVIEWER SYNCOPATION- placing an
MUSIC accent in a normally weak beat
It is derived from the Ancient resulting to off-beat (irregular)
Greek mousiké—literally rhythm
meaning "(art) of the Muses“. The
Muses were nine deities in Ancient
Greek Mythology who presided
over the arts and sciences.
Music is generally defined as the art
of arranging sound to create some
combination of form,
harmony, melody, rhythm or
otherwise expressive content.
Vocal or instrumental sounds (or
both) combined in such a way as to
produce beauty of form,
harmony, and expression of
emotion.
PHILOSOPHY AND VALUES
1. The endless use of music in all
walks of life speaks of its usefulness
in lifting man to the realms of KHODALY RHYTM
beauty and sublimity. How dreary
this world would have been had it
not been blessed with music.
2. Music affects the physical, social,
intellectual, spiritual, and moral
facets of a man’s personality.
IMPORTANT ROLE OF MUSIC
Music as a Self-Expression
Music as Recreation
Music as a Socializing Force
Music as a Power for World Peace
Music as Therapy
ELEMENT OF MUSIC
1. RHYTM- is the flow of music
through time; the pattern of durations of
notes and silences in music.
So therefore rhythm is an arrangement
of sounds and silences to create specific
musical patterns during a particular
timeor duration.
RHYTM ALSO INCLUDES
BEAT-the basic unit of rhythm
which is the regular pulsation.
METER-organized or grouped
beats (duple, triple, quadruple)
ACCENT-emphasis or stress
4. KEY SIGNATURE- collection of
accidentals which dictates the specific
key of music.
ELEMENT OF MUSIC
2. MELODY-is a series of notes that are
place at different pitch creating a tune.
MELODY INCLUDES
Tone – the basic unit of melody which
refers to a musical sound with a fixed The Circle of Fifth- it's called the circle
pitch. of fifths because each key is arranged a
Pitch – the highness or lowness of tone fifth interval away from the next on the
Pitch names –first seven letters in the circle.
English alphabet which are used to
identify exact pitch.
SO-FA Syllables–first seven letters in
the English alphabet which are used to
identify exact pitch. ELEMENT OF MUSIC
Scale (Latin “scala”, ladder)– 5. HARMONY- refers to harmonic
arrangement of successive pitches that notation that accompanies the melody of
may be ascending or descending a song.
-It is also defined as the simultaneous
sounding of two or more tones.
ELEMENT OF MUSIC
3. ACCIDENTALS- are signs placed
immediately to the left of (or above) a
note to show that the note must be
changed in pitch 6. Texture refers to how many
1. A sharp (♯) raises a note by a different layers of sound are heard at
semitone once, whether they are melody or
2. A flat (♭) lowers it by a semitone; harmony, and how they are related to
3. A natural (♮) restores it to the each
original pitch. other. Monophonic, polyphonic and hom
ophonic are three popular textures that
can be identified easily in music.
-Timbre (which is pronounced tam’-
ELEMENT OF MUSIC ber) refers to the quality of sound that
differentiate one from another. ability to harmonize melodies or
-Dynamics is how soft or loud the create simple accompaniments for
music is. the children’s singing.
-Tempo refers to the speed of the music, Finally, a teacher of music should
how fast or slow the music is been have the knowledge of music
played. theory, music history (Philippine
-Musical Form is the way in which a and World), the rudiments of
musical piece is structured or designed. harmony and other learnings for
In musical form music can have richer background.
repetition, contrast and variation. 2. PEDAGOGICAL SKILLS
THE MUSIC TEACHER A music teacher should …
One who charged with the -possess skill and artistry in teaching
responsibility of carrying out the children,
music education programs. -know how to select appropriate songs
An efficient music teacher should for various aims,
have an adequate musicianship -employ varying techniques in teaching
which he shares with the learners. rote songs and reading songs and for
COMPETENCE OF MUSIC guiding children on interpretative
TEACHER instrumental playing,
1. MUSICIANSHIP -be able to lead children to a desirable
A music teacher should be able to level of music understanding and
sing the songs to be taught in a appreciation in any of the areas of
smooth and flexible, mellow, and instruction, and
light and easy resonant tone. -show a willingness for further growth;
A music teacher should have the therefore, he should have intellectual
ability to read music notation so curiosity.
that he can have an extensive and FIVE FACETS OF TEACHING
rich repertoire of instructional MUSIC
materials. 1. SINGING
The ability to play the piano is 2. LISTENING
necessary for a music teacher to 3. CREATIVE WORK
enable him to make even simple 4. INSTRUMENTAL WORK
chord accompaniments which 5. MOVEMENT
certainly enliven the children’s MUSIC TEACHING STRATEGIES
singing. 1. The Kodaly Method
Teachers who can notate are more -Zoltan Kodaly (Hungary)
able to develop the children’s ability -Components
to write original music. -System of rhythm duration symbols
A good music teacher is one who such as using rhythm syllables – ta, ti,
can organize efficiently a good ta-a, etc.
singing group and develop it into a -Use of the movable-do system
performing group not only for the -Use of hand signs which indicate notes
school but also for the community. of the scale, from Do to high Do
The music teacher should also
know how to create children’s
songs, no matter how simple, which
may be integrated with the other
subject areas. 2. The Orff-Schulwerk Method
Perhaps, not a must but a preferred
attribute of a music teacher is his Carl Orff (Munich)
-An experiential method based on
rhythm and improvisation, building on
what the children themselves find
natural. E.g. strolling, skipping,
running, swaying, etc.
-Orff devised simple rhythm and
chants – speech patterns from games,
chants that are chanted, clapped,
danced and sung.
3. The Dalcroze Eurythmic Approach
-Emile Jaques-Dalcroze (Swiss)
-Musicianship begins with and resides
in the whole body. He trained the
students to respond to rhythmic
problems by thinking of the body as it
relates to space, and as a musical
instrument that can perform with any
speed or intensity.
4. The Dalcroze Eurythmic
Approach
-Emile Jaques-Dalcroze (Swiss)
-The method introduces musical
concepts of tempo, dynamics, duration,
and rhythm through movement.
Tempo – movement of mechanical
devices using different tempos, walking
to show different emotions
For Dynamics - making big motions for
loud dynamics
Duration – using foot and arm
movements to follow long and short
duration
5. The Carabo-Cone Method
Provides a sensory-motor approach
in music foundation and
“intellectual stimulation for academic
achievement.” It was observed by
Piaget and Bruner that “the learning
and thinking of children are linked to the
concrete, the seeable, and the
touchable.”
