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Working With Functions Notes

This document discusses functions in Python. There are three types of functions: built-in functions, functions defined in modules, and user-defined functions. User-defined functions are created using the def keyword and must specify a function name and any parameters. Functions can take in arguments, have default parameter values, and return values. The flow of execution is controlled by statements in the function body. Variables have either global or local scope depending on where they are defined.

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5 views

Working With Functions Notes

This document discusses functions in Python. There are three types of functions: built-in functions, functions defined in modules, and user-defined functions. User-defined functions are created using the def keyword and must specify a function name and any parameters. Functions can take in arguments, have default parameter values, and return values. The flow of execution is controlled by statements in the function body. Variables have either global or local scope depending on where they are defined.

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TECHQueenUnacademy

Computer Science

Notes: Working With Function Grade: 12th

Functions:

A function is a block of code that is used to perform a specific task.


Functions can be used to modularize code, making it easier to read,
understand, and maintain.

Types of Functions:

There are three types of functions in Python:

● Built-in functions: These are functions that are provided by the


Python language. Some examples of built-in functions are print(),
len(), and sum().
● Functions defined in modules: These are functions that are defined
in a module. Modules are files that contain Python code. To use a
function that is defined in a module, you must first import the module.
● User-defined functions: These are functions that are defined by the
programmer. User-defined functions can be used to perform any task
that can be performed by a built-in function or a function defined in a
module.

Creating User-Defined Functions:

To create a user-defined function, you use the def keyword. The syntax for
creating a user-defined function is as follows:

Code snippet

def function_name(parameters):
# body of the function

● def keyword: This keyword is used to define a function.

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TECHQueenUnacademy

● function_name: This is the name of the function.


● parameters: These are the arguments that are passed to the
function.
● body of the function: This is the code that is executed when
the function is called.

Arguments and Parameters:

Arguments are the values that are passed to a function when it is called.
Parameters are the variables that are used to receive the arguments that
are passed to a function.

Default Parameters:

Default parameters are values that are assigned to parameters if no


arguments are passed to the function. The syntax for defining a default
parameter is as follows:

Code snippet

def function_name(parameter1, parameter2=value):


# body of the function

In this example, the parameter parameter2 has a default value of value.


If no argument is passed to parameter2 when the function is called, then
the value of parameter2 will be value.

Positional Parameters:

Positional parameters are parameters that are passed to a function in the


order that they are defined. The syntax for passing positional parameters is
as follows:

Code snippet

function_name(argument1, argument2)

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TECHQueenUnacademy

In this example, argument1 is passed to the parameter parameter1 and


argument2 is passed to the parameter parameter2.

Function Returning Value(s):

Functions can return values. The value that is returned by a function is the
value that is assigned to the variable that is used to call the function. The
syntax for returning a value from a function is as follows:

Code snippet

def function_name(parameters):
# body of the function
return value

In this example, the value of value is returned from the function.

Flow of Execution:

The flow of execution in a function is controlled by the statements that are


used in the function. The statements in a function are executed in the order
that they are written.

Scope of a Variable:

The scope of a variable is the part of the program where the variable can
be used. There are two types of scopes in Python: global scope and local
scope.

● Global scope: The global scope is the scope of all variables that are
defined outside of any function.
● Local scope: The local scope is the scope of all variables that are
defined inside a function.

Variables that are defined in the global scope can be used in any scope.
Variables that are defined in a local scope can only be used in the local
scope and in any nested scopes. ****

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