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DAA Practical Code

The document contains 5 code snippets demonstrating different algorithms: 1. Recursive and iterative Fibonacci number implementations with time and space complexity analyses. 2. Huffman coding algorithm to build optimal prefix codes for characters based on frequency. It runs in O(nlogn) time and O(n) space. 3. Fractional knapsack problem solved by sorting items by value density and greedily selecting highest density items until capacity is filled. 4. 0-1 knapsack problem solved using dynamic programming with a 2D array to store solutions to subproblems. 5. Backtracking algorithm to solve the N-Queens problem by recursively placing queens on the board if positions

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57 views

DAA Practical Code

The document contains 5 code snippets demonstrating different algorithms: 1. Recursive and iterative Fibonacci number implementations with time and space complexity analyses. 2. Huffman coding algorithm to build optimal prefix codes for characters based on frequency. It runs in O(nlogn) time and O(n) space. 3. Fractional knapsack problem solved by sorting items by value density and greedily selecting highest density items until capacity is filled. 4. 0-1 knapsack problem solved using dynamic programming with a 2D array to store solutions to subproblems. 5. Backtracking algorithm to solve the N-Queens problem by recursively placing queens on the board if positions

Uploaded by

sakshichaudhari459
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as TXT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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//DAA practical code

// 1

//Fibonacci number using recursive method


//TC: O(2^n), SC:O(n)

import java.util.Scanner;
class Dsa {

public static int fibonacci(int n) {


if (n == 0) {
return 0;
}
if (n == 1) {
return 1;
}

return fibonacci(n - 1) + fibonacci(n - 2);


}

public static void main(String[] args) {


Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("Enter the number");
int num = sc.nextInt();
System.out.println(fibonacci(num));

}
}
***************************************************************
//Fibonacci number using non-recursive(iterative) method
//TC: O(n), SC:O(1)

import java.util.Scanner;

public class Dsa {


public static int Fibonacci(int n) {
if (n <= 1) {
return n;
}

int a = 0, b = 1;
for (int i = 2; i <= n; i++) {
int temp = a + b;
a = b;
b = temp;
}

return b;
}

public static void main(String[] args) {


Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("Enter the number");
int num = sc.nextInt();
System.out.println(Fibonacci(num));
}
}
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//2
//TC:O(nlog n), SC:O(n)

import java.io.*;
import java.util.*;

class Node{
char ch;
int freq;
Node left;
Node right;
Node(char ch, int freq, Node left, Node right) {
this.ch = ch;
this.freq = freq;
this.left = left;
this.right = right;
}
}

class Solution {
public static void printHcodes(char[] arr, int[] freq) {
PriorityQueue<Node> h = new PriorityQueue<>(
(n1, n2) -> n1.freq - n2.freq);
for(int i=0; i<arr.length; i++)
h.add(new Node(arr[i], freq[i], null, null));
while(h.size() > 1) {
Node l = h.poll();
Node r = h.poll();
h.add(new Node('$', l.freq+r.freq, l, r));
}
printRec(h.peek(), "");
}

public static void printRec(Node root, String s) {


if(root == null)
return;
if(root.ch != '$') {
System.out.println(root.ch + ": " + s);
return;
}
printRec(root.left, s+"0");
printRec(root.right, s+"1");
}

public static void main(String[] args) {


printHcodes(new char[]{'a', 'd', 'e', 'f'}, new int[]{30, 40, 80, 60});
}
}
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------
//3

import java.util.*;
import java.io.*;
import java.lang.*;

class Item implements Comparable<Item>


{
int wt;
int val;

Item(int w, int v)
{
wt = w;
val = v;
}

public int compareTo(Item i)


{
return wt * i.val - val * i.wt;
}

class GFG
{

static double fracKnapSack(Item arr[], int n, int W)


{
Arrays.sort(arr);

double res = 0.0;

for(int i = 0; i < n; i++)


{
if(arr[i].wt <= W)
{
res += arr[i].val;

W = W - arr[i].wt;
}
else
{
res += arr[i].val * ((double) W / arr[i].wt);

break;
}
}

return res;
}

public static void main(String args[])


{
Item arr[] = {new Item(10, 60),
new Item(40, 40),
new Item(20, 100),
new Item(30, 120)};

int n = 4, W = 50;

System.out.println(fracKnapSack(arr, n, W));
}

}
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-----------------------
//4

import java.io.*;
import java.util.*;
import static java.lang.System.out;

class Dsa {

static int knapSack(int W, int wt[], int val[], int n) {

int dp[][] = new int[n + 1][W + 1];

for (int i = 0; i <= W; i++) {


dp[0][i] = 0;
}

for (int i = 0; i <= n; i++) {


dp[i][0] = 0;
}

for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {


for (int j = 1; j <= W; j++) {
if (wt[i - 1] > j)
dp[i][j] = dp[i - 1][j];
else
dp[i][j] = Math.max(val[i - 1] + dp[i - 1][j - wt[i - 1]], dp[i
- 1][j]);
}
}

return dp[n][W];
}

public static void main(String[] args) {


int val[] = { 10, 40, 30, 50 };
int wt[] = { 5, 4, 6, 3 };
int W = 10;
int n = 4;

System.out.println("Maximum value that can be obtained: " + knapSack(W, wt,


val, n));

}
}----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------
//5
//TC:O(N!), SC:O(N^2)

import java.util.*;
import java.io.*;
import java.lang.*;

class Dsa {
static final int N = 4;
static int board[][] = { { 0, 0, 0, 0 },
{ 0, 0, 0, 0 },
{ 0, 0, 0, 0 },
{ 0, 0, 0, 0 } };

static void printSolution(int board[][]) {


for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < N; j++)
System.out.print(" " + board[i][j]
+ " ");
System.out.println();
}
}

static boolean isSafe(int row, int col) {


int i, j;

for (i = 0; i < col; i++)


if (board[row][i] == 1)
return false;

for (i = row, j = col; i >= 0 && j >= 0; i--, j--)


if (board[i][j] == 1)
return false;

for (i = row, j = col; j >= 0 && i < N; i++, j--)


if (board[i][j] == 1)
return false;

return true;
}

static boolean solveRec(int col) {


if (col == N)
return true;

for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {


if (isSafe(i, col)) {
board[i][col] = 1;

if (solveRec(col + 1) == true)
return true;

board[i][col] = 0;
}
}
return false;
}

static boolean solve() {

if (solveRec(0) == false) {
System.out.print("Solution does not exist");
return false;
}

printSolution(board);
return true;
}

public static void main(String args[]) {


solve();
}
}
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------

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