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Module 3 (Solution To Exccercise 3.1)

This document contains 4 problems from a structural dynamics and earthquake engineering course. Problem 1 calculates the stiffness (k) and mass (m) of a single-degree-of-freedom system given its natural frequencies. Problem 2 determines the mass of a pressure vessel and cross-sectional area of supporting cables using changes in vibration period. Problem 3 finds the vibration characteristics of a magnet-spring system. Problem 4 calculates the mass of waste required for a beam-cable system to have a given vibration period.

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Muhammad Fahim
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200 views4 pages

Module 3 (Solution To Exccercise 3.1)

This document contains 4 problems from a structural dynamics and earthquake engineering course. Problem 1 calculates the stiffness (k) and mass (m) of a single-degree-of-freedom system given its natural frequencies. Problem 2 determines the mass of a pressure vessel and cross-sectional area of supporting cables using changes in vibration period. Problem 3 finds the vibration characteristics of a magnet-spring system. Problem 4 calculates the mass of waste required for a beam-cable system to have a given vibration period.

Uploaded by

Muhammad Fahim
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Exercise 3.

1, Module 3 ( Introduction to Structural Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, CE 412)

Problem 1

 fn1= 10 Hz
 k2=k1-800 N/m, fn2= 0.55*fn1= 0.55*10= 5.5 Hz
 k and m = ?

Solution

1 𝑘 1 𝑘
𝑓 = 𝑚 ⇒ 10 = 𝑚 …………𝟏
2𝜋 2𝜋

1 𝑘 1 (𝑘 − 800)
𝑓 = 𝑚 ⇒ 5.5 = 𝑚 …………𝟐
2𝜋 2𝜋

Dividing Equation 1 by 2 we get

10 𝑘 𝑘
= (𝑘 − 800) ⇒ 3.31 = (𝑘 − 800)
5.5

⇒ 3.31𝑘 − 2648 = 𝑘 or 𝑘1 = 1146 N/m

Substituting value of k1 in equation 1 , we get

1 1145
10 = 𝑚 ⇒ 400𝜋 = 1145/𝑚
2𝜋

⇒ 𝑚 = 0.29 kg

Problem 2

A pressure-vessel head is supported by a set of steel cables of length 2 m as shown in Figure. The
time period of axial vibration (in vertical direction) is found to vary from 4.0925 s to 5 s when an
additional mass of 5,000 kg is added to the pressure-vessel head. Determine the equivalent cross-
sectional area of the cables and the mass of the pressure-vessel head

 Tn1= 4.0825 s , length of steel cable, L= 2m

 m2=m1+5000 kg , Tn2= 5 s

 A and m1 = ?
Exercise 3.1, Module 3 ( Introduction to Structural Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, CE 412)

Solution

𝑚 𝑚
𝑇 = 2𝜋 𝑘 ⇒ 4.0825 = 2𝜋 𝑘 …………𝟏

𝑚 (𝑚 + 5000)
𝑇 = 2𝜋 𝑘 ⇒ 5 = 2𝜋 𝑘 …………𝟐

Dividing Equation 1 by 2 we get

4.0825 𝑚 𝑚
= (𝑚 + 5000) ⇒ 0.667 = (𝑚 + 5000)
5

⇒ 0.667𝑚 + 3333 = 𝑚

⇒ 𝑚 = 10,000 kg

Substituting value of m1 in equation 1 , we get

4.0825 = 2𝜋 10000 𝑘 ⇒ 𝑘 = 23,702 N/m

𝐸𝐴 𝑘𝐿 (23702N/m) ∗ (2m)
𝑘= ⇒𝐴= = = 2.37 ∗ 10 m
𝐿 𝐸 (200 ∗ 10 N/m )

Problem 3

 k= 10,000 lb/in. = 120,000 lb/ft


 Tn = ? ; u(t) =? and Tmax= ?
Solution

( . / )
(a) 𝑇 = 2𝜋 = 2𝜋 = 2𝜋 (
= 0.175 s (Remarks: Vibrations start
/ )

after 2000 lb automobile is dropped. At that stage only mass of magnet is involved is free
vibration)
̇( )
(b) 𝑢(𝑡) = 𝑢(0)𝐶𝑜𝑠(𝜔 𝑡) + 𝑆𝑖𝑛(𝜔 𝑡) … … . 𝟐

𝑊 5000 lb
𝑢(0) = 𝑢 = = = 0.042 ft
𝑘 120000 lb/ft
Exercise 3.1, Module 3 ( Introduction to Structural Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, CE 412)

𝑘 𝑘𝑔 (120000 lb/ft)(32.2 ft/s )


𝜔 = = = = 35.9 rad/s
𝑚 𝑊 3000 lb

Substituting values in equation 2 , we get


𝑢(𝑡) = 0.042𝐶𝑜𝑠(35.9𝑡) + 0 ∗ 𝑆𝑖𝑛(35.9𝑡) = 0.042𝐶𝑜𝑠(35.9𝑡)

2 ̇( ) 2
(c) 𝑢 = [𝑢(0)] + = 𝑢(0) = 0.042 ft
𝑜

lb
𝑇 = 𝑓 = 𝑘𝑢 = 120000 ∗ 0.042 ft = 5040 lb
𝑜 ft

Problem 4 2m

 Beam’s data: E= 200*109 N/m2, I = 2.6*10-4 m2, Lb= 2m


 Cable’s data: E= 200*109 N/m2, r = 8.0 cm, Lc= 6m
 𝑇 = 0.3 𝑠 , mass of drum=60 kg, mwaste = ?
Solution

kbeam

kcable

N
𝐸𝐼 200 ∗ 10 ∗ (2.6 ∗ 10 m ) N
𝑘 = 48 = 48 m = 3.18 ∗ 10
𝐿 (2 m) m

N 8
𝐸𝐴 200 ∗ 10 ∗π m N
m 100
𝑘 = = = 6.7 ∗ 10
𝐿 6m m

1 1 1 1 1 N
= + = + ⇒ 𝑘 = 2.16 ∗ 10
𝑘 𝑘 𝑘 3.18 ∗ 10 6.7 ∗ 10 m
Exercise 3.1, Module 3 ( Introduction to Structural Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, CE 412)

𝑇 = 2𝜋 𝑀 𝑘 ⇒ 0.3 = 2𝜋 𝑀 2.16 ∗ 10 ⇒ 𝑀 = 492,025 kg

𝑀= 𝑚 +𝑚 𝑜𝑟 𝑚 = 492025 − 60 = 491,965 kg

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