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Computer Fundamentals MODULE 5 LESSON 1

The CPU (central processing unit) is considered the brain of the computer. It performs all types of data processing operations by taking input, storing and processing data, producing output, and controlling workflow. The CPU has three main components - the memory unit, control unit, and ALU. The memory unit stores data, instructions, and results. The control unit directs the transfer of information and coordinates all other units. The ALU contains arithmetic and logic sections that perform calculations and logical operations on data.

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50 views5 pages

Computer Fundamentals MODULE 5 LESSON 1

The CPU (central processing unit) is considered the brain of the computer. It performs all types of data processing operations by taking input, storing and processing data, producing output, and controlling workflow. The CPU has three main components - the memory unit, control unit, and ALU. The memory unit stores data, instructions, and results. The control unit directs the transfer of information and coordinates all other units. The ALU contains arithmetic and logic sections that perform calculations and logical operations on data.

Uploaded by

Delia Penoringan
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© © All Rights Reserved
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MODULE 5.

COMPONENTS
Lesson 5.: Central Processing Unit
No. of Hours: 1 hour

A. INTRODUCTION

All types of computers follow a same basic logical structure and perform the following five basic
operations for converting raw input data into information useful to their users

Sr. No. Operation Description


1. Take Input The process of entering data and instructions into the computer
system.
2. Store Data Saving data and instructions so that they are available for processing
as and when required.
3. Processing Performing arithmetic, and logical operations on data in order to
Data convert them into useful information.
4. Output The process of producing useful information or results for the user,
Information such as a printed report or visual display.
5. Control the Directs the manner and sequence in which all of the above operations
workflow are performed.

B. OBJECTIVES
At the end of the lesson, the student will be able to:
1. identify the CPU as processing part of a computer;

2. value the use and function of central processing unit; and


3. organize the process of three components of CPU.
C. ACTIVITIES (Motivation)

The Class will going to have a 2 groups, each group will portray the given words.

D. CONTENT
CPU (CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT)

CPU is considered as the brain of the computer. It performs all types of data processing
operations. It stores data, intermediate results and instructions(program). It controls the operation
of all parts of computer.

CPU consists of the following features:

 CPU is considered as the brain of the computer.


 CPU performs all types of data processing operations.
 It stores data, intermediate results and instructions(program).
 It controls the operation of all parts of computer.

CPU itself has following three components.


1. Memory or Storage Unit
2. Control Unit
3. ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit)
1. MEMORY OR STORAGE UNIT
This unit can store instructions, data and intermediate results. This unit supplies information to
the other units of the computer when needed. It is also known as internal storage unit or main
memory or primary storage or Random-access memory (RAM).
Its size affects speed, power and capability. Primary memory and secondary memory are two
types of memories in the computer.
Functions of memory unit are:
 It stores all the data and the instructions required for processing.
 It stores intermediate results of processing.
 It stores final results of processing before these results are released to an output device.
 All inputs and outputs are transmitted through main memory.
2. CONTROL UNIT
This unit controls the operations of all parts of computer but does not carry out any actual data
processing operations.
Functions of this unit are:

 It is responsible for controlling the transfer of data and instructions among other units
of a computer.
 It manages and coordinates all the units of the computer.
 It obtains the instructions from the memory, interprets them, and directs the operation
of the computer.
 It communicates with Input/output devices for transfer of data or results from storage.
 It does not process or store data.
3. ALU (ARITHMETIC LOGIC UNIT)
This unit consists of two subsections namely:

1. Arithmetic section
2. Logic Section
Function of:

 Arithmetic Section
- It performs arithmetic operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication and division.
All complex operations are done by making repetitive use of above operations.

 Logic Section
- It performs logic operations such as comparing, selecting, matching and merging of data.
E. EXERCISES
Exercise 5. Draw a diagram of the basic logical structure of how computer works. Then,
organize the process of CPU components and discuss of how CPU works on the space provide
below.

F. ASSESSMENT / REFLECTION
*Assessment will be given after the discussion of this Module 5. Components – Output Devices
G. FEEDBACK

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H. REFERENCES / ADDITIONAL RESOURCES

 Computer Fundamentals
https://www.tutorialspoint.com

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