3/24/2020 Builder's Engineer: Design Example 3: Reinforced Strip Foundation.

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Wednesday, January 9, 2013
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Design Example 3: Reinforced Strip Foundation.

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The load-bearing wall of a single-storey building is to be supported on a wide reinforced strip foundation.
BUILDING
A site investigation has revealed loose-to-medium granular soils from ground level to some considerable depth. BULKHEADS
The soil is variable with a safe bearing capacity ranging from 75–125 kN/m2. Also some soft spots were identified, COLUMNS
where the bearing capacity could not be relied upon. CONCRETE
DOORS
The building could be supported on ground beams and piles taken down to a firm base, but in this case the DRILLED PIER FOUNDATIONS
solution chosen is to design a wide reinforced strip foundation capable of spanning across a soft area of nominal
DRILLED SHAFTS
width.
EXCAVATIONS
FLOOR
To minimize differential settlements and allow for the soft areas, the allowable bearing pressure will be limited to na
= 50 kN/m2 throughout. Soft spots encountered during construction will be removed and replaced with lean mix FOOTINGS
concrete; additionally, the footing will be designed to span 2.5 m across anticipated depressions. This value has FOUNDATIONS
been derived from the guidance for local depressions given later on raft foundations. The ground floor slab is MASONRY
designed to be suspended, although it will be cast using the ground as permanent formwork. MAT FOUNDATIONS
PAD FOUNDATIONS
Loadings PILES
PIPES
RAFT FOUNDATIONS
RETAINING WALLS
ROOF
SHEET PILE
SITE EXPLORATION
SLABS
SLIP CIRCLES AND UNDERPINNING
SOILS
STEEL
STONE

If the foundations and superstructure are being designed to limit state principles, loads should be kept as separate STRIP FOUNDATIONS
unfactored characteristic dead and imposed values (as above), both for foundation bearing pressure design and STRUCTURAL DESIGN
for serviceability checks. The loads should then be factored up for the design of individual members at the ultimate STRUCTURES
limit state as usual. SURFACE SPREAD FOUNDATIONS
TIMBER
For foundations under dead and imposed loads only, factoring up loads for reinforcement design is best done by TIMBER PILES
selecting an average partial load factor, γP, to cover both dead and imposed superstructure loads from Fig. 11.22
VERTICAL TRANSPORTATION
(this is a copy of Fig. 11.20 Reinforced concrete strip design conditions.). STRUCTURES
WALLS
WATERPROOFING
WINDOWS
WOOD CONSTRUCTION

Fig. 11.22 Combined partial safety factor for dead + imposed loads.

From Fig. 11.22, the combined partial safety factor for superstructure loads is γP = 1.46.

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3/24/2020 Builder's Engineer: Design Example 3: Reinforced Strip Foundation.
Weight of base and backfill, f = average density × depth
= 20 × 0.9
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= 18.0 kN/m2 Stop seeing this ad
This is all dead load, thus the combined partial load factor for foundation loads, γF = 1.4.
Why this ad?
Sizing of foundation width
New ground levels are similar to existing ones, thus the (weight of the) new foundation imposes no additional
surcharge, and may be ignored.

The minimum foundation width is given by

Adopt a 1.2 m wide × 350 mm deep reinforced strip foundation, using grade 35 concrete (see Fig. 11.23).

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Fig. 11.23 Reinforced strip foundation design example – loads and bearing pressures.

Reactive upwards design pressure for lateral reinforcement design

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3/24/2020 Builder's Engineer: Design Example 3: Reinforced Strip Foundation.

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Lateral bending and shearb = 1000 mm.

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3/24/2020 Builder's Engineer: Design Example 3: Reinforced Strip Foundation.
Crust Raft - Design.
Thus vu < vc , therefore no shear reinforcement is required. Design Example: Nominal Crust Raft.
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Loading for spanning over depressions
Where a local depression occurs, the foundation is acting like a suspended slab. The ultimate load causing Semi-Fexible Rafts: Design Span for Local
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Longitudinal bending and shear due to depressions Strips.
Ultimate moment due to foundation spanning – assumed simply supported – over a 2.5 m local depression is Design Decisions: Continuous Beam Strips.
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Width for reinforcement design is b = B = 1200 mm.
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Thus vu < vc = 0.49 N/mm2, therefore no shear reinforcement is needed.

Depression at corner of building

The previous calculations have assumed that the depression is located under a continuous strip footing. The
depression could also occur at the corner of a building where two footings would meet at right angles. A similar
calculation should then be carried out, to provide top reinforcement for both footings to cantilever at these corners.

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3/24/2020 Builder's Engineer: Design Example 3: Reinforced Strip Foundation.

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Fig. 11.24 Reinforced strip footing design example – reinforcement. content

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Labels: STRIP FOUNDATIONS

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3 comments:
COMPONENTS OF A BUILDING: Sub-
structure and Super-structure.
sathya April 2, 2015 at 10:39 PM
A building has two basic parts: (i) Substructure
really helpful...sharp and to the point or foundations, and (ii) Superstructure. Sub-
structure or Foundation is the lower p...
Reply
Design Example 3: Reinforced
Strip Foundation.
Unknown February 7, 2017 at 3:15 AM The load-bearing wall of a
single-storey building is to be
Very important. Thanks. supported on a wide reinforced
strip foundation. A site
Reply investigation has revea...

TIMBERING OF TRENCHES -
SOILS.
Unknown October 31, 2017 at 11:19 AM
When the depth of trench is
Thanks a lot large, or when the sub-soil is
loose, the sides of the trench
Reply may cave in. The problem can
be solved by adopting...

BORING METHODS - SITE

Enter your comment... EXPLORATION.
The following are the various
boring methods commonly
used: (i) Auger boring. (ii) Auger
and shell boring. (iii) Wash
Comment as: nbxmartin@gm Sign out
boring. (iv) Percus...

Example: Pile cap design.

A pile cap is required to transfer
Publish Preview Notify me the load from a 400 mm × 400
mm column to four 600 mm
diameter piles, as shown in Fig.
14.30 . Pile caps...
Newer Post Home Older Post

Subscribe to: Post Comments (Atom) FOUNDATIONS FOR BLACK

COTTON SOILS.
Black cotton soils and oher
expansive soils have typical
characteristics of shrinkage and
swelling due to moisture
movement through them. Du...

LIVE LOADS IN A BUILDING:

on floors, on roofs.
Live loads, also called as super-
imposed loads, consisi of
moving or variable loads, due to
people or occupants, their
furniture, temporary ...

TYPES OF FOUNDATIONS: Shallow

foundation, Deep Foundations.

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3/24/2020 Builder's Engineer: Design Example 3: Reinforced Strip Foundation.
Foundations may be broadly
classified under two heads: (a)
Shallow Foundations (b) Deep
Foundations. According to
Terzaghi, a foundat...

Design Example 5: Pad base –

axial load plus bending moment
(small eccentricity).
A column pad base is subject to
an axial load of 200 kN (dead)
plus 300 kN (imposed), and a
bending moment of 40 kNm. To suit site
constrai...

Driven Piles: Advantages and Disadvantages.

Piles may be of timber, steel or concrete. When
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