ZIET BHUBANESWAR

Chapter–9: Ray Optics and Optical Instruments

1. Assertion(A) : The height of an object is always considered positive.

Reason (R) : An object is always placed above the principal axis in the upward direction.
2. Assertion(A): Virtual images are always erect.
Reason (R) : Virtual images are formed by diverging lenses only.
3. Assertion(A) : Refractive index has no units.
Reason (R) : The refractive index is a ratio of two similar quantities.
4. Assertion (A): Air bubbles shine in water.
Reason (R): Air bubbles shine in water due to total internal reflection of light.
5. Assertion (A): A diamond of refractive index √6 is immersed in a liquid of refractive index
√3 . If light travels from diamond to liquid, total internal reflection will take place when angle
of incidence is 30°.
Reason (R): μ = 1/sin C, where μ is the refractive index of diamond with respect to the liquid
6. Assertion : Assertion : The resolving power of a telescope is more if the diameter of the
objective lens is more.
Reason : Objective lens of large diameter collects more light.
7. Assertion : Assertion : The optical instruments are used to increase the size of the image
of the object.
Reason : The optical instruments are used to increase the visual angle.
8. Assertion :- Assertion : An object is placed at a distance of f from a convex mirror of focal
length f its image will form at infinity.
Reason : The distance of image in convex mirror can never be infinity .

9. Assertion:- The focal length of an equiconvex lens of radius of curvature R made of

material of refractive index μ = 1.5, is R.
Reason : The focal length of the lens will be R/2.
10. Assertion : The focal length of the convex mirror will increase, if the mirror is placed in
water.
Reason : The focal length of a convex mirror of radius R is equal to , f = R/2.

11. Assertion : Plane mirror may form real image.

Reason : Plane mirror forms virtual image, if object is real.

12. Assertion : The focal length of the convex mirror will increase, if the mirror is placed in
water.
Reason : The focal length of a convex mirror of radius R is equal to , f = R/2.
13. Assertion : The image formed by a concave mirror is certainly real if the object is virtual.
Reason : The image formed by a concave mirror is certainly virtual if the object is real.
14. Assertion : The image of an extended object placed perpendicular to the principal axis of
a mirror, will be erect if the object is real but the image is virtual.

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Reason : The image of an extended object, placed perpendicular to the principal axis of a
mirror, will be erect if the object is virtual but the image is real.
15. Assertion : An object is placed at a distance of f from a convex mirror of focal length f its
image will form at infinity.
Reason : The distance of image in convex mirror can never be infinity
16. Assertion : The image of a point object situated at the centre of hemispherical lens is also
at the centre.
Reason : For hemisphere Snell’s law is not valid.
17. Assertion: The focal length of an equiconvex lens of radius of curvature R made of
material of refractive index μ = 1.5, is R.
Reason : The focal length of the lens will be R/2.
18.Assertion : If the rays are diverging after emerging from a lens; the lens must be concave.

Reason : The convex lens can give diverging rays.

19.Assertion : The resolving power of a telescope is more if the diameter of the objective lens
is more.
Reason : Objective lens of large diameter collects more light.
20.Assertion : The optical instruments are used to increase the size of the image of the object.
Reason : The optical instruments are used to increase the visual angle.
21. Assertion: The refractive index of a prism depends only on the kind of glass of which it is
made of and the colour of light.
Reason: The refractive index of a prism depends upon the refracting angle of the prism and
the angle of minimum deviation.

22. Assertion: If the angles of the base of the prism are equal, then in the position of
minimum deviation, the refracted ray will pass parallel to the base of prism.
Reason: In the case of minimum deviation, the angle of incidence is equal to the angle of
emergence.

23. Assertion: A convex mirror cannot form real images.

Reason : Convex mirror converges the parallel rays that are incident on it.

24. Assertion: A convex lens of focal length 30 cm can’t be used as a simple microscope in
normal setting.
Reason: For normal setting, the angular magnification of simple microscope is M=D/f

25. Assertion : The resolving power of a telescope is more if the diameter of the objective
lens is more.
Reason : Objective lens of large diameter collects more light.
26. Assertion: The focal length of the convex lens will increase, if it is placed in water.
Reason: The focal length of a convex lens depends upon the refractive index of the
surrounding medium.

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27. Assertion: If the rays are diverging after emerging from a lens; the lens must be concave.
Reason: The convex lens can give diverging rays.
28. Assertion: Chromatic aberration is observed in lenses.
Reason: Different colour has different wavelength.
29. Assertion: Objective of a telescope has a large focal length and aperture.
Reason: Resolving power of a lens of large focal length is more.
30. Assertion: Light passing through a prism split into seven colours.
Reason: Light has seven constituent colours

31. Assertion : When a light wave travels from a rarer to a denser medium, it loses speed. The
reduction in speed implies a reduction in energy carried by the light wave.

Reason : The energy of a wave is proportional to velocity of wave

32. Assertion (A): An object placed in form of convex lens from the image of same size.
Reason (R): Object is placed between optical center and focus.

33.Assertion (A): A spherical lens as two foci, whereas spherical mirrors only have one.
Reason (R): A spherical lens causes refraction of light while spherical mirror causes
reflection of light.
34.Assertion(A): A convex lens of focal length 30 cm can’t be used as a simple microscope
in normal setting.
Reason (R): For normal setting, the angular magnification of simple microscope is
M=D/f

35. Assertion – Thin prisms do not deviate light much.

Reason – Thin prism have small angle A and hence, Dm(minimum deviation) is also very
small as Dm = [(1n2 – 1)A], where 1n2 is the refractive index of prism w.r.t. medium 1.
36. Assertion: Critical angle of light passing from glass to air is minimum for violet colour.
Reason: The wavelength of blue light is greater than the light of other colours .
37. Assertion: the images formed by total internal reflection are much brighter than those
formed by mirror or lenses
Reason: There is no loss of intensity in total internal reflection.
38. Assertion: The frequencies of incident, reflected beam of monochromatic light incident
from one medium to another are same
Reason: The incident, reflected and reflected rays are coplanar
39. Assertion: if the angle of the base of the prism are equal, then in the position of minimum
deviation the reflected ray will pass parallel to the base of prism.
Reason: In the case of minimum deviation, the angle of incidences is equal to the angle of
emergence

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40. Assertion: The focal length of lens does not change when red light of lens does not
change when red light is replaced by blue light.
Reason: The focal length of lens does not depend on colour of light used.
41. Assertion : Spherical aberration occur in lenses of larger aperture.
Reason : The two rays, paraxial and marginal rays focus at different points.

42. Assertion : The refractive index of a prism depends only on the kind of glass of which it
is made of and the colour of light.
Reason : The refractive index of a prism depends upon the refracting angle of the prism and
the angle of minimum deviation.

43. Assertion : Diamond glitters brilliantly.

Reason : Diamond does not absorb sunlight.

44. Assertion : Just before setting, the sun may appear to be elliptical. This happens due to
refraction.
Reason : Refraction of light ray through the atmosphere may cause different magnification in
mutually perpendicular directions.

45. Assertion : Critical angle of light passing from glass to air is minimum for violet
colours.
Reason : The wavelength of blue light is greater than the light of other colours.

46.Assertion: out of blue and red light, blue color is deviated more by a prism.
Reason: The refractive index of the glass of a prism is different for different
wavelengths of light
47.Assertion: There is no dispersion when light passes through a rectangular slab
Reason: net deviation produced by first face for a given color is neutralized by the
second face in a glass slab.
48. Assertion: flat bottom of water tank appears concave.
Reason: Apparent depth decreases with increasing obliquity
49.Assertion: Power of objective lens of a telescope is kept as small as possible.
Reason: small power implies small magnifying power of the telescope.
50.Assertion: The air bubble shines in water
Reason: air bubble in water shines due to refraction of light
51. Assertion(A): A ray of light entering from glass to air suffers change in
frequency.
Reason(R): Velocity of light in glass is more than that in air.
52.Assertion (A): Nature of lens can be changed by placing the lens in a medium of refractive
index more than that of the lens.
Reason (R): Focal length of a lens depends on refractive index of medium in which it will be
immersed.
53.Assertion (A): A convex lens can form real and virtual images both.
Reason (R): Depending on the position of object from the lens.
54.Assertion: The air bubble shines in water.
Reason : Air bubble in water shines due to refraction of light.
55.Assertion: If the angles of the base of the prism are equal, then in the position of minimum
deviation, the refracted ray will pass parallel to the base of prism.
Reason: In the case of minimum deviation, the angle of incidence is equal to the angle of
emergence.

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56. Assertion- The eyepiece as well as objective of a telescope consist of combination of two
lenses
Reason - combination of lenses are used to minimize spherical aberration.
57. Assertion - The clouds are generally of white color.
Reason - The clouds are consist of particles having size greater than wavelength of
light, hence Rayleigh law is not applicable.
58. Assertion - An object placed at the focus of a focus of a convex mirror will have its
image at infinity.
Reason- The distance of image a convex mirror can never be infinity.
59. Assertion - the focal length of an equiconvex lens o radius of curvature R made up of a
material of refractive index 1.5 is R.
Reason - The formula for focal length of a lens is f = R/2(Applying)
60. Assertion - the brightness of the image produced by a lens which is half painted black .
Reason - Intensity of image is directly proportional to the (aperture)2
61. Assertion (A): A convex lens of glass (μ =1.5) behaves as diverging lens when immersed
in carbon disulphide of higher refractive index (μ = 1.65)
REASON (R) : A divergent lens is thinner in the middle and thicker at the edges
62. Assertion (A): If the objective and eye lenses of a microscope are interchanged, then it
can work as telescope.
REASON (R) :The objective lens of telescope has small focal length.
63. Assertion (A): A total reflecting prism is used to erect the inverted image without
deviation.
Reason (R) : Rays of light incident parallel to the base of prism emerges out as parallel rays.
64. Assertion (A): Endoscopy involves use of optical fibres to study internal organs
Reason (R): Optical fibre are based on the phenomena of total internal reflection

65. Assertion (A): A single lens produces a coloured image of an object illuminated by white
light.
Reason (R):The refractive index of the material of lens is different for different wavelengths
of light.

1. A 21. B 41. A 61. B

2. C 22. A 42. A 62. D
3. A 23. C 43. B 63. A
4. A 24. C 44. A 64. A
5. D 25. A 45. C 65. A
6. B 26. A 46. B 66.
7. D 27. B 47. A 67.
8. C 28. A 48. A 68.
9. B 29. A 49. C 69.
10. B 30. D 50. C 70.

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 11. B 31. C 51. D 71.
12. D 32. D 52. A 72.
13. C 33. A 53. A 73.
14. B 34. A 54. C 74.
15. D 35. A 55. A 75.
16. C 36. C 56. A 76.
17. C 37. A 57. B 77.
18. D 38. B 58. D 78.
19. A 39. A 59. B 79.
20. D 40. D 60. A 80.

PREPARED BY :
PGTs OF BHUBANESWAR, GUWAHATI,KOLKOTA
,RANCHI,SILCHAR,TINSUKIA regions.
VETTED BY :TINSUKIA REGION

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