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Exercise Book of Statistics

This document appears to be an exercises book on statistics from Helwan University's Faculty of Engineering. It contains multiple examples of organizing and summarizing data through frequency tables, relative frequencies, percentages, bar graphs, pie charts, histograms and other statistical techniques. One example provides data on living situations of 20 elementary school children and asks the reader to analyze and visualize the data. Another example provides computer course data for 30 business graduates and poses similar analysis questions. A third examines keyboard assembly data across 25 days. The exercises are meant to help students practice common statistical methods for organizing and understanding data.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)

21 views64 pages

Exercise Book of Statistics

Uploaded by

Norhan G ElDaly

We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.

Available Formats

Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

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HELWAN UNIVERSITY

FACULTY OF ENGINEERING (MATARIA)

EXERCISES BOOK
OF
STATISTICS

Prepared by

MATHEMATICS GROUP

-1-
2- ORGANIZING DATA

1- Twenty elementary school children were asked if they live with both parents (B),
father only (F), mother only (M), or someone else (S). The responses of the children
are as follows.

M B B M F S B M F B

B F B M M B B F B M

a. Construct a frequency distribution table.

b. Write the relative frequencies and percentages for all categories.
c. What percentage of the children in this sample live with mother only?
d. Draw a bar graph for the frequency distribution and a pie chart for the percentages
……………………………………………………………………………………………….…………….....………………………..……………………………………………………………….……

……………………………………………………………………………………………….…………….....………………………..……………………………………………………………….……

-3-
2- The following data give the number of computer courses taken by 30 business
majors who recently graduated from a university.

2 3 2 3 1 4 2 2 3 4
4 2 3 2 1 4 2 4 3 1
2 3 1 1 3 2 2 4 2 1
a. Prepare a frequency distribution table for these data acing single valued classes.
b. Compute the relative frequency and percentage distributions for all categories.
c. Draw a bar graph for the relative frequency distribution.
d. What percentage of these graduates took 2 or 3 computer counts?
……………………………………………………………………………………………….…………….....………………………..……………………………………………………………….……

-4-
3-The following data give the number of computer keyboards assembled
at the Twentieth Century Electronics Company for a sample of 25 days.
45 52 48 41 56 46 44 42 48 53 51 53 51
48 46 43 52 50 54 47 44 47 50 49 52
a. Construct a frequency distribution table
b. Calculate the relative frequencies and percentages for all classes.
c. Construct a histogram and a polygon for the percentage distribution and cumulative
increasing curve.
d. For what percentage of the days is the number of computer keyboards more
than 53 ?
……………………………………………………………………………………………….…………….....………………………..……………………………………………………………….……

-5-
4- Nixon Corporation manufactures computer terminals. The following data give the
number of computer terminals produced at the company for a sample of 30 days.
24 32 27 23 33 33 29 25 23 28
21 26 31 22 27 33 27 23 28 29
31 35 34 22 26 28 23 35 31 27
a. Construct a frequency distribution table
b. Calculate the relative frequencies and percentages for all classes.
c. Construct a histogram and a polygon for the percentage distribution and
cumulative increasing curve.
d. For what percentage of the days is the number of computer terminals produced
in the interval less than 27 ?
……………………………………………………………………………………………….…………….....………………………..……………………………………………………………….……

-6-
5- The following data give the annual incomes (an thousands of dollars) for 40
production managers randomly selected from large companies.
57.6 63.3 47.3 72.5 41.2 66.1 59.6 68.5
73.3 39.4 44.15 84.9 53.7 37.7 63.3 77.4
60.2 55.9 43.1 35.6 49.3 67.4 79.2 71.9
48.8 73.2 76.0 64.3 51.8 73.5 48.8 63.5
81.5 72.7 69.4 51.5 77.5 67.9 46.1 65.1
a. Construct a frequency distribution table
b. Calculate the relative frequencies and percentages for all classes.
c. What is the width of each class?
d. Construct a histogram and a polygon for the percentage distribution and cumulative
increasing curve.
……………………………………………………………………………………………….…………….....………………………..……………………………………………………………….……

-7-
3-NUMERICAL DESCRIPTIVE MEASURES

1- The following data set belongs to a population.

5 -7 2 0 -9 12 10 7
Calculate the mean, median, mode, range, variance, standard deviation, the values
corresponding to the first and third Quartiles, and coefficient of variation.
……………………………………………………………………………………………….…………….....………………………..……………………………………………………………….……

-8-
2- A sample of 7 business statistics books produced the following data on their prices.
56 47 68 55 71 52 62
Calculate the mean, median, mode, range, variance, standard deviation, the values
corresponding to the first and third Quartiles, and coefficient of variation.
……………………………………………………………………………………………….…………….....………………………..……………………………………………………………….……

-9-
3-The following table gives the 1992 gross sales (rounded to billions of dollars) for a
sample of eight U.S. companies.
Company 1992 Gross Sales (billions of dollars)
==========================================
Philip Morris 50
General Electric 62
Pfizer 7
Merck 10
Coca-Cola 13
AT&T 65
Hewlett-Packard 17
Johnson & Johnson 14
Calculate the mean, median, and the values corresponding to the first and third
Quartiles, mode, range, variance, standard deviation, and coefficient of variation.
……………………………………………………………………………………………….…………….....………………………..……………………………………………………………….……

- 10 -
4-The following table gives the frequency distribution of total hours spent the semester
for a sample of 40 university students enrolled in an introductory during Spring 1993.
Hours of Study Number of Students
===================================
24 to less than 40 3
40 to less than 56 5
56 to less than 72 10
72 to less than 88 12
88 to less than 104 5
104 to less than120 5
==================================
Calculate the mean, median, mode, variance, standard deviation, and coefficient of
variation.
……………………………………………………………………………………………….…………….....………………………..……………………………………………………………….……

- 11 -
7-The following table gives the frequency distribution of the number of personal
computers sold during the past month at 40 computer stores located in New York City.
Computers Sold Number of Stores
=============================
4 to 12 6
l3 to 21 9
22 to 30 14
31 to 39 7
40 to 48 4
Calculate the mean, median, mode, variance, standard deviation, the values
corresponding to the first and third Quartiles and coefficient of variation.
……………………………………………………………………………………………….…………….....………………………..……………………………………………………………….……

- 12 -
4- PROBABILITY

1-You buy a raffle ticket for a new convertible. A total of 20,000 tickets have been
sold. The winner will be selected at random from these. What is the probability that
you win?
……………………………………………………………………………………………….…………….....………………………..……………………………………………………………….……

2- List the simple events of the following statistical experiments in a sample space
a. One roll of a die.
b. Three tosses of a coin.
c. One toss of a coin and one roll of a die.
……………………………………………………………………………………………….…………….....………………………..……………………………………………………………….……

3-A box contains three items that are labeled A, B, and C. Two items are selected at
random (with and without replacement) from this box. List all the possible outcomes
for this experiment. Write the sample space S.
……………………………………………………………………………………………….…………….....………………………..……………………………………………………………….……

- 13 -
4- Two students are randomly selected from a business statistics class, and it is
observed whether or not they suffer from math. How many total outcomes are possible?
Draw a tree diagram for this experiment. Draw a Venn diagram.
……………………………………………………………………………………………….…………….....………………………..……………………………………………………………….……

5- A hat contains a few red and a few green marbles. If three marbles are randomly
drawn and the colors or these marbles are observed, how many total outcomes are
possible? Draw a tree diagram for this experiment. Show all the outcomes in a Venn
diagram.
……………………………………………………………………………………………….…………….....………………………..……………………………………………………………….……

- 14 -
6- A box contains a certain number of computer parts, a few of which are defective.
Four parts are selected at random from this box and inspected to determine if they are
good or defective. how many total outcomes are possible? Draw a tree diagram for this
experiment. List all the outcomes included in each of Ike following events. Indicate
which are simple and which are compound events.
a. At least one part is good.
b. Exactly one part is defective.
c. The first part is good and the second is defective.
d. At most one part is good.
……………………………………………………………………………………………….…………….....………………………..……………………………………………………………….……

- 15 -
7-The statistics students at Adams College ate 60% male. Exactly 20%’ of the men
and 20% of the women are married. Determine the probability that a randomly
selected students will be classified as thefollowing.
(a) man and married (b) man and unmarried
(c) woman and married (d) woman and unmarried
……………………………………………………………………………………………….…………….....………………………..……………………………………………………………….……

- 16 -
8- Professor Horatio Dull’s statistics class has 3 married men and 5 married women;
the rest are unmarried. There are 35 people altogether, 20 of whom are men. One
student is selected at random.
a. Construct the joint probability table for sex versus marital status.
b. Indicate the probabilities for the following joint events:
(1) man and married (2) woman and married
(3) woman and unmarried (4) man and unmarried

- 17 -
9- All the 420 employees of a company were asked if they smoke or not and whether
they at college graduates or not. Based on this information, the following two-way
classification table ware prepared.
Collage Not a College
==========================================================
Smoker 35 80
Nonsmoker 130 175
==========================================================
If one sample is selected at random from this company , find the probability that this
employee is a
a. collage graduate b. nonsmoker c. collage graduate and smoker
d. collage graduate or smoker e. smoker given the employee is not a college graduate
f. college graduate given the employee is a nonsmoker
……………………………………………………………………………………………….…………….....………………………..……………………………………………………………….……

- 18 -
10- The following table gives a tow-way classification of all 1000 employees or a large
company based on whether they arc single or married and whether or not they own
stocks and bonds.
Own Stocks and Bonds Yes No
==================================================
Single 120 280
Married I80 420
===================================================
a. If one employee is selected at random from these 1000 employees find the
probability that this employee is i. married ii. owns stocks and bonds
iii. single given he/she owns stocks and bonds
iv. does not own stocks and bonds given he/she is married
b. Are time events ‘‘single’’ and ‘‘yes’’ mutually exclusive? What about time
events ‘‘yes” and “no”?
c. Are the events ‘‘married’’ and “yes’’ independent? Why or why not?
……………………………………………………………………………………………….…………….....………………………..……………………………………………………………….……

- 19 -
11- Two thousand randomly selected adults were asked if they think they are financially
better off than their parents. The following table given .
Education Leve
Less Than high high School More Than high
======================================================
Better off 140 450 420
Same 60 250 110
Worse off 200 300 70
Suppose one adult is selected at random from those 2000 adults.
Find the following probabilities. a. P(better off or high school) b. P(more than high
school or worse off c. p(better off or worse off) d. P(better off and high school)
e. P(better off given that high school)
……………………………………………………………………………………………….…………….....………………………..……………………………………………………………….……

- 20 -
12- Ross computers Inc. buys 55% of alt computer chips trait: Gill’s Company and
45% from Dillon’s Company. It is known that 1% of all the computer chips received
from gills are defective and 2% are. of all the computer chips received from Dillon’s
are defective. One computer is found In contain a defective chip. What is the
probability that this chip came from Dillons?
……………………………………………………………………………………………….…………….....………………………..……………………………………………………………….……

- 21 -
5- DISCRETE RANDOM VARIABLES

1- The following table gives the probability distribution of a discrete random variable
x 0 I 2 3 4 5 6
P(x) .11 .19 .28 .15 .12 .09 .06
Find the following probabilities.
a. P(x = 3) P(x < 2) P(x > 4) P(1< x <4)
b. Probability that x assumes a value less than 4
c. Probability that x assumes a value greater than 2
d. Probability that x assumes a value in the interval 2 to 5
……………………………………………………………………………………………….…………….....………………………..……………………………………………………………….……

2- The following table gives the probability distribution of a discrete random variable
x 0 I 2 3 4 5
P(x) .17 .23 .29 .16 .11 .04
a. Draw a graph of the probability distribution.
b. Determine the probability that the number of defective bearings in a randomly
selected box will be i. exactly 3 ii. at least 3 iii. 2 or less iv. 3 to 5 calculate
c. The mean and standard deviation
……………………………………………………………………………………………….…………….....………………………..……………………………………………………………….……

- 22 -
……………………………………………………………………………………………….…………….....………………………..……………………………………………………………….……

3- Consider the probability distribution shown here.

x 1 2 3 4 5
p(x) .2 ? .2 .2 .1
Find µ and σ2.
……………………………………………………………………………………………….…………….....………………………..……………………………………………………………….……

- 23 -
4- Let x be a discrete random variable that possesses a binomial distribution. Using the
binomial formula, find the following probabilities.
a. P(x = 0) for n = 5 and p = .10
b. P(x = 4) for n = 7 and p = .80
c. P(x = 7) for n = I0 and p = .40
……………………………………………………………………………………………….…………….....………………………..……………………………………………………………….……

5- According to a survey conducted by Payment Systems Inc., 81% or consumers pay

by cash at retail stores . Let x be a binomial random variable that denotes the number
or customers in a sample of 10 who pay by cash when shopping at retail stores.
a. What arc the possible values that x can assume?
b. Find the probability that exactly 5 customers in a random sample of 10 will pay by
cash when shopping at retail stores.
c. Find the mean, variance, and standard deviation of the probability distribution
……………………………………………………………………………………………….…………….....………………………..……………………………………………………………….……

- 24 -
6- GLSCO insurance Company has prepared a final list of eight candidates for two
positions. of the eight candidates, five are business majors and three are economics
majors. If the company manager decides to select randomly two candidates from this
list, find the probability that
a. both candidates are business majors
b. neither of the two candidates is a business major
c. at most one of the candidates is a business major
……………………………………………………………………………………………….…………….....………………………..……………………………………………………………….……

7- An Internal Revenue Service inspector is to select 3 corporations from a list of 15

for tax audit purposes. Of the 15 corporations, 6 earned profits and 9 incurred losses
during the year for which the tax returns are to be audited. if tile IRS inspector decides
to select 3 corporations randomly, find the probability that the number of corporations
in these 3 that incurred losses during the year
a. exactly 2 b. at most I c. non
……………………………………………………………………………………………….…………….....………………………..……………………………………………………………….……

- 25 -
8 - An average of 4.5 customers come to Columbia Savings and Loan per hour
Using the Poisson formula, find the probability that exactly 2 customers will come to
this savings and loan during a given hour, at most 2 and at least 10
……………………………………………………………………………………………….…………….....………………………..……………………………………………………………….……

9- An insurance salesperson sells an average of 1.2 insurance policies per day.

a. Using the Poisson formula, find the probability that this salesperson will sell no
insurance policy on a certain day.
b. Find the mean, variance, and standard deviation of the probability distribution
……………………………………………………………………………………………….…………….....………………………..……………………………………………………………….……

- 26 -
6- CONTINUOUS RANDOM VARIABLES

1- Find the area under the standard normal curve

a. from z = 0 to z = 2.34 b. between z = 0 and z = -2.78
c. from z =.84 to z= 1.95 d. between z = -.57 and z = -2.39
e. between z = -.2.15 and z =1.67
……………………………………………………………………………………………….…………….....………………………..……………………………………………………………….……

2- Find the area under the standard normal curve

a. to the right of z = 1.56 b. to the left of z = - 1.97
c. to the right of z = -2.05 d. to the left of z = 1.86
……………………………………………………………………………………………….…………….....………………………..……………………………………………………………….……

- 27 -
3- Obtain the following probabilities for the standard normal distribution.
a. P( z> -1.26) b. P(-.68<z<1.74)
c. P(0<z<3.85) d. P(-4.34<z<0)
e. P(z >4.82)
……………………………………………………………………………………………….…………….....………………………..……………………………………………………………….……

4- Let x be a continuous random variable that is normally distributed with a mean of

30 and a standard deviation or 12. Find the probability that x assumes a value
a. greater than 70 b. less than 75
c. greater than 100 d. less than 89
……………………………………………………………………………………………….…………….....………………………..……………………………………………………………….……

- 28 -
5. Let x be a continuous random variable that is normally distributed with a mean
of 75 and a standard deviation of 5. Find the probability that x assumes a value:
a. Less than 74. b. Between 74 and 76.
c. Between 76 and 77. d. Greater than 77.
……………………………………………………………………………………………….…………….....………………………..……………………………………………………………….……

6. A normal population has a mean of 60 and a standard deviation of 12. Compute the
probability the mean is:
a. Greater than 63. b. Less than 56. c. Between 56 and 63.
……………………………………………………………………………………………….…………….....………………………..……………………………………………………………….……

- 29 -
7- SAMPLING DISTRIBUTION
1. A population consists of the following four values: 12, 12, 14, and 16.
a. List all samples of size 2, and compute the mean of each sample.
b. Compute the mean of the distribution of the sample mean and the population mean.
c. Compare the dispersion in the population with that of the sample mean.
……………………………………………………………………………………………….…………….....………………………..……………………………………………………………….……

- 30 -
2 . A population consists of the following five values: 2,2,4,4, and 8.
a. List all samples of size 2, and compute the mean of each sample.
b. Compute the mean of the distribution of sample means and the population mean.
Compare the two values.
c. Compare the dispersion in the population with that of the sample means.
……………………………………………………………………………………………….…………….....………………………..……………………………………………………………….……

- 31 -
3. A population consists of the following five values: 12,12,14.15, and 20.
a. List all samples of size 3 and compute the mean of each sample.
b. Compute the mean of the distribution of sample means and the population
mean. Compare the two values.
c. Compare the dispersion in the population with that of the sample means.
……………………………………………………………………………………………….…………….....………………………..……………………………………………………………….……

- 32 -
4. A population of unknown shape has a mean of 75. You select a sample of 40. The
standard deviation of the sample is 5. Compute the probability the sample mean is:
a. Less than 74. b. Between 74 and 76.
c. Between 76 and 77. d. Greater than 77.
……………………………………………………………………………………………….…………….....………………………..……………………………………………………………….……

5. A normal population has a mean of 60 and a standard deviation of 12. You select a
random sample of 9. Compute the probability the sample mean is:
a. Greater than 63. b. Less than 56. c. Between 56 and 63.
……………………………………………………………………………………………….…………….....………………………..……………………………………………………………….……

- 33 -
6. According to an IRS study, it takes an average of 330 minutes for taxpayers to
prepare, copy, and electronically file a 1040 tax form. A consumer watchdog agency
selects a random sample of 40 taxpayers and finds the standard deviation of the time to
prepare, copy, and electronically file font 1040 is 80 minutes.
a. What is the standard error of the mean in this example?
b. What is the likelihood the sample mean is greater than 320 minutes?
c. What is the likelihood the sample mean is between 320 and 350 minutes?
……………………………………………………………………………………………….…………….....………………………..……………………………………………………………….……

7- The Bank of Connecticut issues Visa and Mastercard credit cards. It is etstimated
that the balances on all Visa credit cards issued by the bank of Connecticut have a mean
of $845 and a standard deviation of $270. Assume that the balances on all these Visa
cards follow a normal distribution. what is the probability that a randomly selected 60
Visa card issued by this bank has balance of $750 or more
……………………………………………………………………………………………….…………….....………………………..……………………………………………………………….……

- 34 -
8- INFERENCES BASED ON A SINGLE

SAMPLE AND ESTIMATION WITH CONFIDENCE INTERVALS

1- A random sample of 90 observations produced a mean 25.9 and a standard

deviation 2.7
a. Find a 95% confidence interval for population mean
b. Find a 90% confidence interval for population mean
c. Find a 99% confidence interval for population mean
……………………………………………………………………………………………….…………….....………………………..……………………………………………………………….……

2- A sample of 49 observations is taken from a normal population. The sample mean

is 55, and the sample standard deviation is 10. Detetmine the 99 percent confidence
interval for the population mean.
……………………………………………………………………………………………….…………….....………………………..……………………………………………………………….……

- 35 -
3- A sample of 10 observations is selected from a normal population for which the
population standard deviation is known to be 5. The sample mean is 20.

a. Determine the standard error of the mean.

b. Explain why we can use formula Z to determine the 95 percent confidence interval
even though the sample is less than30.

c. Determine the 95 percent confidence interval for the population mean

4- A random sample of 70 observations from a normally distributed population

possesses a mean equal to 26.2 and a standard deviation equal to 4.1.
a. Find a 95% confidence interval for population mean.
b. Find a 99% confidence interval for population mean
……………………………………………………………………………………………….…………….....………………………..……………………………………………………………….……

- 36 -
5- A research firm conducted a survey to determine the mean amount steady smoker
spend on cigarettes during a week. A sample of 49 steady smokers revealed that mean
$20 and S $5.
a. What is the point estimate of the population mean?
b. Using the 95 percent level of confidence, determine the confidence interval for μ.
……………………………………………………………………………………………….…………….....………………………..……………………………………………………………….……

6- Use Appendix to locate the value of t under the following conditions.

a. The sample size is 12 and the level of confidence is 95 percent.
b. The sample size is 20 and the level of confidence is 90 percent.
c. The sample size is 8 and the level of confidence is 99 percent.
……………………………………………………………………………………………….…………….....………………………..……………………………………………………………….……

- 37 -
7- The owner of Rritterts Egg Farm wants to estimate the mean number of eggs
laid per chicken. A sample of 20 chickens shows they laid an average of 20 eggs per
month with a standard deviation of 2 eggs per month.
a. What is the value of the population mean? What is the best estimate of this value?
b. Explain why we need to use the t distribution.
c. For a 95 percent confidence interval what is the value μ?
d. Develop the 95 percent confidence interval for the population mean.
e. Would it be reasonable to conclude that the population mean is 21 eggs? What
about 25 eggs?
……………………………………………………………………………………………….…………….....………………………..……………………………………………………………….……

- 38 -
8- Merrill Lynch Securities and Health Gate are two large employers in downtown
Tobedo, They are considering jointly offering child care for their employees. As a
part of the feasibility study, they wish to estimate the mean weekly child-care cost of
their employees. A sample of 10 employees who use child care reveals the following
amounts spent last week.
$107 $92 $97 $95 $105 $101$91$99 $95 $104
Develop a 90 percent confidence interval for the population mean. Interpret the
result.
……………………………………………………………………………………………….…………….....………………………..……………………………………………………………….……

- 39 -
9 - The following random sample was selected from a normal distribution:
4,6,3,5, 9, 3
a. Construct a 90% confidence interval for the population mean
b. Construct a 95% confidence interval for the population mean
……………………………………………………………………………………………….…………….....………………………..……………………………………………………………….……

- 40 -
10. The American Sugar Producers Association wants to estimate the mean yearly
sugar consumption. A sample of 16 people reveals the mean yearly consumption to be
60 pounds with a standard deviation of 20 pounds.
a. What is the value of the population mean? What is the best estimate of this value?
b. Explain why we need to use the t distribution.
c. Develop the 90 percent confidence interval for the population mean.
e. Would it be reasonable to conclude that the population mean is 63 pounds?
……………………………………………………………………………………………….…………….....………………………..……………………………………………………………….……

- 41 -
11-A random sample of 50 consumers taste tested a new snack food. Their responses
were coded (0: do not like; 1: like; 2: indifferent) and recorded as follows:
1 0 0 1 2 0 1 1 0 0
0 1 0 2 0 2 2 0 0 1
1 0 0 0 0 1 0 2 0 0
o 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1
0 2 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1
Use an 80% confidence interval to estimate the proportion of consumers who like the
snack food.
……………………………………………………………………………………………….…………….....………………………..……………………………………………………………….……

- 42 -
12- Suppose you want to estimate a population proportion, 𝜋 and p= .42, N = 6,000,
and n = 1,600. Find an approximate 95% confidence interval for 𝜋.
……………………………………………………………………………………………….…………….....………………………..……………………………………………………………….……

13- The owner of the West End Kwick Fill Gas Station wished to determine the
proportion of customers who use a credit card or debit card to pay at the pump. He
surveys 100 customers and finds that 80 paid at the pump.
a. Compute the standard error of the proportion.
b. Develop a 95 percent confidence interval for the population proportion.
c. Interpret your findings.
……………………………………………………………………………………………….…………….....………………………..……………………………………………………………….……

- 43 -
14- There are 300 welders employed at the Maine Shipyards Corporation. A sample
of 30 welders revealed that 18 graduated from a registered welding course. Construct
the 95 percent confidence interval for the proportion of all welders who graduated
from a registered welding course.
……………………………………………………………………………………………….…………….....………………………..……………………………………………………………….……

15. Thirty-six Hems are randomly selected from a population of 300 items, The
sample mean is 35 and the sample standard deviation 5. Develop a 95 percent
confidence interval for the population mean.
……………………………………………………………………………………………….…………….....………………………..……………………………………………………………….……

- 44 -
16. If you wish to estimate a population mean to within a bound B=.3 using a 95%
confidence interval and you know from prior sampling that 𝜎 2 is approximately equal
to 7.2, how many observations would have to be included in your sample?
……………………………………………………………………………………………….…………….....………………………..……………………………………………………………….……

17. A population is estimated to have a standard deviation of 10. We want to estimate

the population mean within 2, with a 95 percent level of confidence. How large a
sample is required?
……………………………………………………………………………………………….…………….....………………………..……………………………………………………………….……

- 45 -
18. The estimate of the population proportion is to be within plus or minus .05, with a
95 percent level of confidence. The best estimate of the population proportion is 15.
How large a sample is required?
……………………………………………………………………………………………….…………….....………………………..……………………………………………………………….……

19- Suppose the President wants an estimate of the proportion of the population
who support his current policy toward gun control. The President wants the estimate
to be within .04 of the true proportion. Assume a 95 percent level of confidence. The
President’s political advisors estimated the proportion supporting the current policy to
be .60
a. How large of a sample is required?
b. How large of a sample would be necessary if no estimate were available for the
proportion that support current policy?
……………………………………………………………………………………………….…………….....………………………..……………………………………………………………….……

- 46 -
9-INFERENCES BASED ON A SINGLE

SAMPLE AND TESTS OF HYPOTHESIS

For Exercises 1- 3 answer the questions: a. Is this a one- or two-tailed test?

b. What is the decision rule?
c. What is the value of the test statistic? d. What is your decision regarding 𝐻0 ?
1. The following information is available.
𝐻0 : μ = 50
𝐻1 : μ ≠ 50
The sample mean is 49; and the sample size is 35. and the standard deviations 5. Use
the .05 significance level
……………………………………………………………………………………………….…………….....………………………..……………………………………………………………….……

- 47 -
2. A sample of 36 observations is selected from a normal population. The sample
mean is 21 and the sample standard deviation is 5. Conduct the following test of
hypothesis using the 05 significance level.
𝐻0 : μ ≤ 20
𝐻1 : μ > 20
……………………………………………………………………………………………….…………….....………………………..……………………………………………………………….……

3. A samp!e of 64 observations is selected from a normal population. The sample

mean is 215. and the sample standard deviation is 15. Conduct the following test of
hypothesis using the .03 significance level.
𝐻0 : μ ≥ 220
𝐻1 : μ < 220
……………………………………………………………………………………………….…………….....………………………..……………………………………………………………….……

- 48 -
4- A recent national survey found that high school students watched an average
(mean) of 6.8 DVDs per month. A random sample of 36 college students revealed
that the mean number of DVDs watched last month was 6.2, with a standard deviation
of 3.5. At the .05 significance level, can we conclude that college students watch
fewer DVDs a month than high school student?
……………………………………………………………………………………………….…………….....………………………..……………………………………………………………….……

5- At the time she was hired as a server at the Grumney Family Restaurant, Beth
Grigden was told, You can average more than $80 a day in tips.” Over the first 36
days she was employed at the restaurant, the mean daily amount of her tips was
$84.85, with a standard deviation of $11.38. At the .01 significance level, can Ms.
Brigden conclude that she is earning an average of more than $80 in tips?
……………………………………………………………………………………………….…………….....………………………..……………………………………………………………….……

- 49 -
6- In testing the hypotheses 𝐻0 : μ < 100, and 𝐻1 : μ > 100
Using α = .10. The va1ue 𝑥̅ = 102.6 and S = 25 have been computed for a sample of
n = 10.
a. Is this a lower- or an upper-tailed test? Sketch this situation; include an appropriate
Student t curve.
b. Find the critical value t and indicate the acceptance and rejection regions on your
sketch.
c. Compute the value of the Student t test statistic and indicate in which region it falls
d. Should the null hypothesis be accepted or rejected?
……………………………………………………………………………………………….…………….....………………………..……………………………………………………………….……

- 50 -
7- A structural engineer is testing the strength of a newly designed steel b required in
cantilever construction. As his null hypothesis, he assumes the mean strength will be
at most as great as the 100,000 pounds per sq inch (psi) for traditional beams. A test
sample of a 9 new beam has provided 𝑥̅ = 105,000 psi and S= 10,000 psi. At the
α = .05 significance level, should the engineer accept or reject his null hypothesis?
……………………………………………………………………………………………….…………….....………………………..……………………………………………………………….……

8- The Rocky Mountain district sales manager of Rath Publishing. Inc., a college
textbook publishing company, claims that the sales representatives make an average of
40 sales calls per week on professors. Several reps say that this estimate is too low. To
investigate, a random sample of 28 sales representatives reveals That the mean number
of calls made Last week was 42, The standard deviation of the sample is 2.1 calls. Using
the .05 significance level, can we conclude that the mean number of calls per
salesperson per week is more than 40?
……………………………………………………………………………………………….…………….....………………………..……………………………………………………………….……

- 51 -
……………………………………………………………………………………………….…………….....………………………..……………………………………………………………….……

9- The management of White Industries is considering a new method of assembling

its golf cart. The present method requires 42.3 minutes, on the average, to assemble
a cart. The mean assembly time for a random sample of 24 carts, using the new
method, was 40.6 minutes, and the standard deviation of the sample was 2.7 minutes.
Using the .10 level of significance, can we conclude that the assembly time using the
new method is faster
……………………………………………………………………………………………….…………….....………………………..……………………………………………………………….……

10- A spark plug manufacturer claimed that its plugs have a mean life in excess
of 22,100 miles. Assume the life of the spark plugs follows the normal
distribution. A fleet owner purchased a large number of sets. A sample of is sets
revealed that the mean life was 23,400 miles and the standard deviation was 1500
miles. Is there enough evidence to substantiate the manufacturer’s claim at the
.05 significance level?
……………………………………………………………………………………………….…………….....………………………..……………………………………………………………….……

- 52 -
11- Given the following hypothesis:
𝐻0 : μ ≥ 20
𝐻1 : μ < 20
A random sample of five resulted in the following values: 18,15,12,19, and 21
Using the .01 significance level, can we conclude the population mean is less
than 20?
a. State the decision rule.
b. Compute the value of the test statistic.
c. What is your decision regarding the null hypothesis?
……………………………………………………………………………………………….…………….....………………………..……………………………………………………………….……

12- The following hypotheses are given. 𝐻0 : 𝜋 ≤ 0.7

𝐻1 : 𝜋 > 0.7
A sample of 100 observations revealed that p = 0.75. At the .05 significance
level. can the null hypothesis be rejected?
a. State the decision rule,
b. Compute the value of the test statistic.
c. What is your decision regarding the null hypothesis?
……………………………………………………………………………………………….…………….....………………………..……………………………………………………………….……

- 53 -
13- The following hypotheses are given. 𝐻0 : 𝜋 = 0.40
𝐻1 : 𝜋 ≠ 0.40
A sample of 120 observations revealed that p =.50. At the .05 significance
level, can the null hypothesis be rejected?
a. State the decision rule.
b. Compute the value of the test statistic.
c. What is your decision regarding the null hypothesis?
……………………………………………………………………………………………….…………….....………………………..……………………………………………………………….……

14- Chicken Delight claims that 90 percent of its orders are delivered within 10
minutes of the time the order is placed. A sample of 100 orders revealed that 82
were delivered within the promised time. At the .10 significance Level, can we
conclude that less than 90 percent of the orders are delivered in less than 10
minutes?
……………………………………………………………………………………………….…………….....………………………..……………………………………………………………….……

- 54 -
15 - Research at the University of Toledo indicates that 50 percent of the students
change their major area of study after their first year in a program. A random sample
of 100 students in the College of Business revealed that 48 had changed their major
area of study after their first year of the program. Has there been a significant decrease
in the proportion of students who change their major after the first year in this
program? Test at the .05 level of significance.
……………………………………………………………………………………………….…………….....………………………..……………………………………………………………….……

- 55 -
9. Inferences About the Difference Between Two Population Means

for Independent Samples

1- The following information is obtained from two independent samples selected from
two normally distributed populations.

𝑛1 = 18 𝑥̅1 = 7.82 𝜎1 = 2.35

𝑛2 = 15 𝑥̅2 = 5.99 𝜎2 = 2.35

a- What is the point estimate of 𝑢1 − 𝑢2 ?

b- Construct a 99% confidence interval for 𝑢1 − 𝑢2
……………………………………………………………………………………………….…………….....………………………..……………………………………………………………….……

2- Thefollowing information is obtained from two independent samples selected

from two populations.

𝑛1 = 650 𝑥̅1 = 1.05 𝜎1 = 5.22

𝑛2 = 675 𝑥̅2 = 1.54 𝜎2 = 6.8

Test at a 5% significance level if 𝑢1 is less than 𝑢2 .

- 56 -
3- A car magazine is comparing the total repair costs incurred during the first three
years on two sports cars, the T-999 and the XPY. Random samples of 45 T-999s and
51 XPYs are taken. All 96 cars are 3 years old and have similar mileages. The mean
of repair costs for the 45 T-999 cars is $3300 for the first 3 years. For the 51 XPY
cars, this mean is $3850. Assume that the standard deviations for the two
populations are $800 and $1000, respectively.
a. Construct a 99% confidence interval for the difference between the two
population means.
b. Using a 1% significance level, can you conclude that such mean repair costs
are different for these two types of cars?
……………………………………………………………………………………………….…………….....………………………..……………………………………………………………….……

- 57 -
4- The management at New Century Bank claims that the mean waiting time for all
customers at its branches is less than that at the Public Bank, which is its main
competitor. A business consulting firm took a sample of 200 customers from the
New Century Bank and found that they waited an average of 4.5 minutes before
being served. Another sample of 300 customers taken from the Public Bank
showed that these customers waited an average of 4.75 minutes before being
served. Assume that the standard deviations for the two populations are 1.2 and 1.5
minutes, respectively.
a. Make a 97% confidence interval for the difference between the two population
means.
b. Test at a 2.5% significance level whether the claim of the management of the
New Century Bank is true.
……………………………………………………………………………………………….…………….....………………………..……………………………………………………………….……

- 58 -
5- The following information was obtained from two independent samples selected
from two normally distributed populations with unknown but equal standard
deviations.
𝑛1 = 21 𝑥̅1 = 13.97 𝑠1 = 3.78
𝑛2 = 20 𝑥̅2 = 15.55 𝑠2 = 3.26

a. What is the point estimate of 𝑢1 − 𝑢2 ?

b . Construct a 95% confidence interval for 𝑢1 − 𝑢2 .
c. Test at a 5% significance level if the two population means are different
……………………………………………………………………………………………….…………….....………………………..……………………………………………………………….……

- 59 -
6. The following information was obtained from two independent samples selected
from two normally distributed populations with unknown but equal standard
deviations.
Sample 1: 46.9 51.9 34.1 65.8 61.5 50.2 40.8
46.1 47.9 45.7 49.0
47.7
Sample 2: 47.4 32.7 48.8 54.0 46.3 42.5 40.8
50.0 68.2 48.5 41.8 39.0

Let 𝑢1 be the mean of population 1 and 𝑢2 be the mean of population 2.

a. What is the point estimate of 𝑢1 − 𝑢2 ?
b. Construct a 98% confidence interval for 𝑢1 − 𝑢2 .
c. Test at a 1% significance level if μ1 is greater than μ2.
……………………………………………………………………………………………….…………….....………………………..……………………………………………………………….……

- 60 -
7. The standard recommendation for automobile oil changes is once every 5000
miles. A local mechanic is interested in determining whether people who drive more
expensive cars are more likely to follow the recommendation. Independent random
samples of 45 customers who drive luxury cars and 40 customers who drive
compact lower- price cars were selected. The average distance driven between oil
changes was 5187 miles for the luxury car owners and 5214 miles for the compact
lower-price cars. The sample standard deviations were 424 and 507 miles for the
luxury and compact groups, respectively. Assume that the two population
distributions of the distances between oil changes have the same standard deviation
a. Construct a 95% confidence interval for the difference in the mean distances
between oil changes for all luxury cars and all compact lower-price cars.
b. Using a 1% significance level, can you conclude that the mean distance between
oil changes is less for all luxury cars than that for all compact lower-price cars?
……………………………………………………………………………………………….…………….....………………………..……………………………………………………………….……

- 61 -
8- A high school counselor wanted to know if tenth-graders at her high school tend
to have the same free time as the twelfth-graders. She took random samples of 25
tenth-graders and 23 twelfth-graders. Each student was asked to record the amount
of free time he or she had in a typical week. The mean for the tenth-graders was
found to be 29 hours of free time per week with a standard deviation of 7.0 hours.
For the twelfth-graders, the mean was 22 hours of free time per week with a
standard deviation of 6.2 hours. Assume that the two populations are
approximately normally distributed with unknown but equal standard deviations.
a. Make a 90% confidence interval for the difference between the corresponding
population means.
b. Test at a 5% significance level whether the two population means are different

- 62 -
……………………………………………………………………………………………….…………….....………………………..……………………………………………………………….……

- 63 -
……………………………………………………………………………………………….…………….....………………………..……………………………………………………………….……

- 64 -

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Exercise Book of Statistics

Uploaded by

Exercise Book of Statistics

Uploaded by

HELWAN UNIVERSITY

FACULTY OF ENGINEERING (MATARIA)

a. Construct a frequency distribution table.

1- The following data set belongs to a population.

3- Consider the probability distribution shown here.

5- According to a survey conducted by Payment Systems Inc., 81% or consumers pay

7- An Internal Revenue Service inspector is to select 3 corporations from a list of 15

9- An insurance salesperson sells an average of 1.2 insurance policies per day.

1- Find the area under the standard normal curve

2- Find the area under the standard normal curve

4- Let x be a continuous random variable that is normally distributed with a mean of

SAMPLE AND ESTIMATION WITH CONFIDENCE INTERVALS

1- A random sample of 90 observations produced a mean 25.9 and a standard

2- A sample of 49 observations is taken from a normal population. The sample mean

a. Determine the standard error of the mean.

c. Determine the 95 percent confidence interval for the population mean

4- A random sample of 70 observations from a normally distributed population

6- Use Appendix to locate the value of t under the following conditions.

17. A population is estimated to have a standard deviation of 10. We want to estimate

SAMPLE AND TESTS OF HYPOTHESIS

For Exercises 1- 3 answer the questions: a. Is this a one- or two-tailed test?

3. A samp!e of 64 observations is selected from a normal population. The sample

9- The management of White Industries is considering a new method of assembling

12- The following hypotheses are given. 𝐻0 : 𝜋 ≤ 0.7

for Independent Samples

𝑛1 = 18 𝑥̅1 = 7.82 𝜎1 = 2.35

a- What is the point estimate of 𝑢1 − 𝑢2 ?

2- Thefollowing information is obtained from two independent samples selected

𝑛1 = 650 𝑥̅1 = 1.05 𝜎1 = 5.22

Test at a 5% significance level if 𝑢1 is less than 𝑢2 .

a. What is the point estimate of 𝑢1 − 𝑢2 ?

Let 𝑢1 be the mean of population 1 and 𝑢2 be the mean of population 2.

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