Project Title: Intruder Sensor
A. Project Description
In a security alarm, some sensors detect intrusions. Sensors' locations are at the perimeter
of the protected area, within it, or both. Sensors can detect intruders by different methods. Alerting
devices indicate an alarm condition.
This project is versatile and can be used and adapted in various ways. Because the
ultrasonic sensor can define distance, you could, for example, use it to define an area and trigger
an alarm when that perimeter is breached. The sensor works similarly to a radar: it sends out an
ultrasonic signal or ping. When this signal hits an object, it bounces back like an echo, and the
time between the ping and the echo is used to calculate distance. The Arduino can use this
calculation to trigger an event, depending on the value received.
In this project, when the sensor detects an intruder within a predefined vicinity, the red
LED will light, and the servo arm will move. You can adapt this project to trigger a different event
when the intruder is detected, like pressing a security system button or locking a door. For a
friendlier scenario, you could set the distance really close so that when you wave your hand in
front of the sensor, the servo presses a button to release a treat, like candy.
B. Materials Needed
The following are the materials used in building the project.
▪ Arduino board ▪ Servomotor
▪ Breadboard ▪ Red LED
▪ Jumper wires ▪ Green LED
▪ Four-pin HC-SR04 ultrasonic ▪ 2 - 220-ohm resistors
sensor
C. Wiring Diagram
D. Project Budget and Timeline
The estimated cost of the project is Php 3,780 and it will take 5 working days to
complete.
E. Program Code
if (distance <= 15)
#include <NewPing.h> // Call NewPing library
#include <Servo.h> // Call Servo library
#define trigPin 12 // Trig pin connected to Arduino 12
#define echoPin 13 // Echo pin connected to Arduino 13
#define MAX_DISTANCE 500
NewPing sonar(trigPin, echoPin, MAX_DISTANCE); // Library setting
int greenLed = 3, redLed = 2; // Set green LED to pin 3, red to pin 2
int pos = 20;
Servo myservo;
void setup() {
Serial.begin (115200);
pinMode(trigPin, OUTPUT);
pinMode(echoPin, INPUT);
pinMode(greenLed, OUTPUT);
pinMode(redLed, OUTPUT);
myservo.attach(9); // Servo attached to pin 9
}
void loop() {
int duration, distance, pos = 0, i;
digitalWrite(trigPin, LOW);
delayMicroseconds(2);
digitalWrite(trigPin, HIGH); // Trig pin sends a ping
delayMicroseconds(10);
digitalWrite(trigPin, LOW);
duration = pulseIn(echoPin, HIGH); // Echo receives the ping
distance = (duration / 2) / 29.1;
Serial.print(distance);
Serial.println(" cm");
// If sensor detects object within 15 cm
if (distance <= 15) {
digitalWrite(greenLed, LOW); // Turn off green LED
digitalWrite(redLed, HIGH); // Turn on red LED
myservo.write(180); // Move servo arm 180 degrees
delay(450);
digitalWrite(redLed, LOW); // Light the red LED
myservo.write(90);
delay(450);
digitalWrite(redLed, HIGH);
myservo.write(0);
delay(450);
digitalWrite(redLed, LOW);
myservo.write(90);
}
// Otherwise
else {
digitalWrite(redLed, LOW); // Turn off red LED
digitalWrite(greenLed, HIGH); // Turn on green LED
myservo.write(90);
}
delay(450);
}
F. Conclusion
In conclusion, the intruder sensor diagram is a vital component of an effective security
system. It depicts the interconnected elements and their functionalities that work together to detect
and deter potential intrusions. The diagram includes an ultrasonic sensor. The sensors detect
unauthorized activity or breaches, sending signals to the control panel, which triggers a visual
alarm, alerting the occupants or a security monitoring service. The diagram serves as a visual
representation of how the various components collaborate to enhance security measures and
provide peace of mind. By incorporating an intruder sensor diagram into the design and
implementation of a security system, individuals and organizations can better understand the
system's workings, identify any potential vulnerabilities, and ensure the overall effectiveness of their
security measures.
G. Recommendations
When building an intruder sensor system, there are several recommendations to consider for
optimal effectiveness:
1. Sensor selection: Choose sensors that are appropriate for the identified risks and threats.
Common types of sensors include motion detectors, door/window sensors, glass break
sensors, and vibration sensors. Consider factors such as detection range, sensitivity,
reliability, and compatibility with the overall security system.
2. Security system monitoring: Consider integrating the intruder sensor system with a
security monitoring service. This allows for round-the-clock surveillance and immediate
response to any detected intrusions. Monitoring services can notify authorities or
designated individuals in case of an alarm activation.
3. Regular maintenance and testing: Establish a maintenance schedule to regularly
inspect and test the sensors and the overall system. This helps ensure that the sensors are
functioning correctly, batteries are charged, and any issues are promptly addressed.
4. User-friendly interface: Design the system with a user-friendly interface, making it easy
for users to arm and disarm the system, adjust settings, and receive notifications. Clear
instructions and intuitive controls will encourage proper usage and minimize false alarms.
