WELCOME TO

Rigging & Slinging Training Program

 Why Do Accidents Happen?

• Improper load rating • Working too close to live

• Excessive speeds lines
• No hand signals • Improper exhaust system
• Inadequate inspection and • High wind speed
maintenance • No steps/guardrails
• Unguarded parts walkways
• Unguarded swing radius • No boom angle indicator
• Machinery & Structural • Miss use of the crane
Failure • Failure to inspection
MAIN CAUSES OF CRANE ACCIDENTS DURING
YEAR 2010

High Wind
1.6%
Structural Failure
Machinery 31.5%
Failure 11.2%
Failure to
inspection Operator Error
22.6%
33.1%
 Accidents
Lesson Learned

Accident prevention takes

place first in the mind.
Thinking has to change!
(Lifting Accessory)
 (Lifting Equipment-Appliance)
The stomach is responsible for lift and download pregnancy
Types of Steel Wire Rope
 Composition of Wire Rope
WIRE ROPE • Basic Components

wire

core
wire rope
strand
center wire
Lay - Right or Left
Strand - 6 x 19
 WIRE ROPE • Cores
Basic Cores

Fiber Core (FC)

Independent Wire Rope

Core (IWRC)

Wire Strand Core (WSC)

RB p. 6
Wire Fibre Rope

Strand
 CONSTRUCTION
• Fibre cored wire ropes are self lubricating and are
more flexible than steel cored wire ropes
• Steel cored wire ropes have better crush resistant
characteristics than fibre cored wire ropes.

Steel core 6 x 19
Fiber core 6 x construction
19 construction
Drawing The Construction The Wire 6X36
 WIRE ROPE • Lays

Right Left
ordinary Lay Lay Lay

Lang's Lay

Lay Length
Multi Strand Lay

RB p. 7
 Regular / Ordinary Lay

In this construction, wires and strands spiral in the opposite directions.

These ropes are easily handled, and can be used with one end left free to
rotate, but they wear quickly because only a few crown wires are in contact
with the bearing surfaces at any one time
 RHOL
Right Hand Ordinary Lay.
- Wires spiral to Left.
- Strands spiral to right.
 LHOL
Left Hand Ordinary Lay
- Wires spiral to right.
- Strands spiral to left.
 Lang’s Lay
In this construction, wires and strands spiral in the same direction.
Right - hand lay is usual, but it can be supplied in left - hand lay:
• 6 and 8 Stranded Lang's lay rope has better wearing properties
than ordinary lay, but it is harder to handle. Both ends must be
secured to prevent twisting
Right Hand Lang's Lay
RHLL
Wires spiral to right
Strands spiral to right
 WIRE ROPE • Lay

Rotation Resistant Ropes

Multi Strand
Outer:- RHOL
Inner:- LHOL
 Wire Rope Certificate
• Test Cert. No.
• Rope Maker
• Diameter of Rope
• Number of Strands.
• Number of Wire
• Rope Lay
• Rope Length
• Tensile Strength
• Date of Test
• M.B.L
• S.W.L.
• Factor of Safety.
• Date of Inspection.
SAFE WORKING LOAD (SWL)
WORKING LOAD LIMIT (WLL)
CE MARK
DATE OF TEST
COLOUR CODE
Cylindrical Thimbles
Spherical Thimbles
Soft Eye

Hard Eye
37
Effects of Sling Angle

• The loading for the lifting

accessory depends on the type
of attachment
• The load can be increased with
greater inclination angles
• The maximum permissible
inclination angle is 90°
• The inclination angle should be
kept as small as possible
 Rigging Types
Hitches

Vertical Vertical Choker

Basket
 SLINGING APPLICATIONS

Load on sling = 1000Kg

Load on Load on
sling sling
500Kg 500Kg

1000KG

42
SLINGING APPLICATIONS

O
90

Load on sling Load on sling

700Kg 700Kg

1000KG

43
SLINGING APPLICATIONS

O
Load on sling 120 Load on sling
1000Kg 1000Kg

1000KG

44
 Spreader Beam

30 deg

520 Kg
45 deg
500Kg 550Kg 500Kg

90 deg

700Kg

120 deg
1000Kg

1000 KGS
Rigger & Banksman Level 2

45
 L= Sling Length
W= Load Weight
H= Height from Load
Identity No
SWL
Angles (0-90°)
Two Leg Sling
 Four Leg Sling

Top Master Link with Thimbles/Bottom Bow Top Master Link with Thimbles/Bottom
Shackles by Thimble Eye Safety Hooks by Thimble Eye
How To Use Slings
PROCEDURES • Handling Loads
Softeners

RB p 138
How To Use Slings
How To Use Slings
How To Use Slings
How To Use Slings
How To Use Slings
 SLINGS
DOUBLE WRAP BASKET HITCH
 Definition of Rigging

Rigging is part of the lifting operation which forms the link between the
crane and the load.
Rigging Types
Hooks

Operating Area

RB 95
 BS EN 13414-2-2003(Maintenance And Information For Use Of St
a) Illegible sling markings, i.e. sling identification and/or working load limit.
b) Wear 10% of the nominal rope diameter (d),
Distortion and/or cracking of the upper or lower terminals and/or ferrules.
c) Concentration(s) of broken wires.
d) Severe rope distortion, such as kinks or protrusion of the core.
e) Significant rope wear.
f) Corrosion.
g) Heat damage.

Randomly distributed broken wires

6 randomly distributed broken outer wires in a length of 6d but no more than 14 randomly
distributed broken wires
in a length of 30d where d is the nominal rope diameter.
Concentrated broken wires
3 adjacent broken outer wires in one strand.
• Inspection certificates for wires
• Color Code for wires
• Serial number
• safe working load
• Date of Manufacture
 WIRE ROPE
MEASUREMENT

Right Wrong
Across Crowns Across Flat Areas
 Wire
Rope
Damage
 TYPES OF ROPE DAMAGE
Broken wires on the crown of the strands of the rope.
TYPES OF ROPE DAMAGE
External wear
TYPES OF ROPE DAMAGE
Corrosion damage
TYPES OF ROPE
Waviness
DAMAGE
TYPES OF ROPE DAMAGE
Strand protrusion
TYPES OF ROPE DAMAGE
Core protrusion
 TYPES OF ROPE DAMAGE
Localised increase in rope diameter due to core deterioration.
TYPES OF ROPE DAMAGE
Localised reduction of rope diameter
TYPES OF ROPE DAMAGE
Kink
TYPES OF ROPE DAMAGE
Memory Kink
TYPES OF ROPE DAMAGE
Flattened portion
 WIRE ROPE
SEIZING AND CUTTING

Preformed Ropes

Non-Preformed or Rotation Resistant Ropes

Reeving
The passing of
wire rope over
drums sheaves
and pulleys to
give a
mechanical
advantage.
 ROPE CHANGEOUT
When spooling wire rope from a wooden
drum onto the winch drum, avoid reverse
bending which is detrimental to the lay of
the rope.

Never reel from top to bottom or bottom to top.

Wrong Wrong

Always reel from top to top or bottom to bottom

Right Right
 WIRE ROPE
WINDING ONTO DRUM
IDENTIFIED THROUGH:
WEDGE AND SOCKET
ASSEMBLY AND SET UP
LOCATION OF ATTACHMENT
TO JIB OR HOOK BLOCK
WEDGE

SOCKET
STRAIGHT
DEAD END
LINE
OF ROPE
OF PULL

LIVE (LOADED)
PART OF ROPE
 RECOMMENDED ROPE
TERMINATION
TO BS 7166
THE DEAD END IS LOOPED A SHORT SECTION OF ROPE
BACK ON ITSELF & SECURED CAN BE ATTACHED TO THE
WITH A BULLDOG CLIP END OF THE ROPE WITH A
& SOFT WIRE AS SHOWN. BULLDOG CLIP AS SHOWN.
 WIRE ROPE • Wedge Sockets
Right Wrong Tail Length
Minimum 20 rope diameters
not less than 6 inches
dead
end
live
end

Core
Slippage

Rotation Resistant Ropes

RB p. 25 & 26
 WIRE ROPE • End Attachments
Wedge Sockets
Wrong Right
extra piece loop back extended
of rope method wedge
method method

RB p 27
 FACTORS OF SAFETY
General purpose wire rope slings > 5:1
Polyester slings > 7:1
Alloy steel shackles > 6:1
Chain slings (Grade T) > 4:1
Equipment used for personnel lifting > 10:1
Bow Shackles
• FOUR PARTS FOR SHACKLES
• INSPECTION CERTIFICATES FOR SHACKLES
• COLOR CODE FOR SHACKLES
• SERIAL NUMBER
• NAME OF THE MANUFACTURER
• PLACE MANUFACTURER
• STEEL TYPE USED IN MANUFACTURING
• WORKING LOAD LIMIT
• SIZE FOR SHACKLES
• LOADING ANGLE
• PIN CODE
 Bow Shackles

1- Screw Pin Bow Shackle

2- Safety Pin Bow Shackle
• FOUR PARTS FOR SHACKLES
• NAME OF THE MANUFACTURER
• CORROSION (THAT SHOULD NOT EXCEED 10% OF THE
DIAMETER
• DAMAGE IN SHACKLES
• DEFAMATION IN SHACKLES
Dee Shackles
1- Screw Pin Bow Shackle
2- Safety Pin Bow Shackle
 (“D” SHACKLE)

(“BOW” SHACKLE)
PRE-USE INSPECTIONS

Replace shackles worn in the

crown or the pin by more than
10% of the original diameter.
 SHACKLES PRE-USE INSPECTION

• Select correct type shackle for the job in hand.

• Ensure the shackle is correctly colour coded.

• Check safe working load of the shackle before use

• Check shackle pin for excessive wear-if wear is 1/10th or

more of original diameter quarantine.
 SHACKLES PRE-USE INSPECTION

• Make sure the pin is free-but not loose in the tapped

hole(s) of the shackle.

• Threads on pin and shackle should be undamaged

and without appreciable wear. Check alignment of pin
holes - the untapped hole should not be worn or
oversized.

• Only properly fitted pins shall be used in shackles.

 SHACKLES PRE-USE INSPECTION

• Check jaws and pin of shackle for distortion.

• Check body of shackle for pitting, cracks or corrosion.

• Home made or modified shackles must never be used.

• To test shackle suspend and tap lightly with a hammer or the

shackle pin - ”SOUND” shackles should have a “clear”
distinct ring or “ping”
• SAFETY FACTOR IN MANUFACTURING
FOR SHACKLES (1:6)
• SAFE WORKING LOAD
Unsafe Slinging

111
HARDWARE • Hooks • Application

RB p. 95
Hardware - Shackles - Application

RB p 102
 Wire rope slings with steel cores Shackles
(IWRC)
Diameter (inch)
Diameter 1-leg 2-leg 3 or 4 leg
Size (inch) SWL (Tons)
(mm) SWL (T) SWL (T) SWL (T)

½” 13.00 2.1 2.9 4.4 3/8” 1

9/16” 14.00 2.5 3.5 5.2
½” 2
5/8” 16.00 3.3 4.6 6.9
11/16” 18.00 4.1 5.7 8.6 5/8” 3.25
¾” 19.00 4.6 6.4 9.6 ¾” 4.75
13/16” 20.00 5.1 7.1 10.7 7/8” 6.5
7/8” 22.00 6.2 8.7 13.0 1” 8.5
15/16” 24.00 7.4 10.3 15.5
1 -1/8” 9.5
1” 26.00 8.6 12.0 18.0
1 -1/8” 28.00 10.0 14.0 21.0
1 -¼” 12
1 -¼” 32.00 13.1 18.3 27.5 1 -3/8” 13.5
1 -3/8” 35.00 15.7 22.0 33.0 1 -1/2” 17
1 -½” 38.00 18.5 25.9 38.8 1 -¾” 25
1 -5/8” 40.00 20.6 28.8 43.2
2” 35
1 -¾” 44.00 24.8 34.7 52.1
1 -7/8” 48.00 29.6 41.4 62.2
2 -½” 55
2” 52.00 34.8 48.7 73.1 33” 85
2 -½” 6400 53 73 3 -½” 120
1- Flat Woven Webbing Sling
2- Round Sling
________________________________________________
_____________________________________
SPARRO
SPARRWS
OWTRAI NINGPR
S TRAINING PRESE NT
ESEN TA ATIO N
TION
 PRE-USE INSPECTIONS

Webbing Slings

•Check for fraying

•Check for splits
•Check for
contamination
•Check stitching
•Check for other signs
of damage 125
 1- Flat Woven Webbing Sling
Types of Soft Eye
 FIBRE WEBBING SLINGS
BS EN 1492
Factor of Safety 7:1

• Webbing slings can be manufactured using

various materials e.g.
– Polyester
– Nylon
– Polypropylene
– Kevlar
SYNTHETIC WEB SLINGS

BASKET HITCH
128
TAG FOR WEBBING SLING
Webbing Slings can be either flat slings or endless
(round) slings.
All webbing slings have an identification tag fitted which
indicates Cert No, SWL & Mode Factors.
Colour indicates material sling is made from.
 Webbing Slings
Colour Coded for S.W.L.
Number of Black Stripes indicate S.W.L.
 1- Flat Woven Webbing Sling
Working Load Limit
 1- Flat Woven Webbing Sling

Label Attachment
2- Round Sling
• Violet – 1 Tonne
• Green – 2 Tonne
• Yellow – 3 Tonne
• Grey – 4 Tonne
• Red – 5 Tonne
• Brown – 6 Tonne
• Blue – 8 Tonne
• Orange - 10 Tonne
 Multi-purpose

Straight or basket lift

Straight, basket or
choke lift

Multi-purpose

Multi-purpose

140
CHAIN SLINGS

144
MUST BE IMPRINTED ON THEM GRADES MATERIAL ( T )
YOU CAN SEE THE CLASS MARK EVERY METER OR 20 EPISODES OF CHAIN
WHICHEVER IS SMALLER

It must be marked with grade or manufacturer's mark

TYPES OF HOOKS CHAINS
• SAFE WORKING LOAD
• THE PRESENCE OF CRACKS
• THE PRESENCE OF CORROSION
• DEFORMATION
SLINGING APPLICATIONS

If you choke the sling

Look for working SWL

Double wrap tubular

to get 360 degree contact
162
SLINGING APPLICATIONS

163
SLINGING APPLICATIONS

164
SLINGING APPLICATIONS

165
SLINGING APPLICATIONS

166
SLINGING APPLICATIONS

167
SLINGING APPLICATIONS

168
SLINGING APPLICATIONS

169
SLINGING APPLICATIONS

170
SLINGING APPLICATIONS

171
SLINGING APPLICATIONS

172
SLINGING APPLICATIONS

173
SLINGING APPLICATIONS

174
SLINGING APPLICATIONS

175
SLINGING APPLICATIONS

176
SLINGING APPLICATIONS

CENTER OF GRAVITY

177
GENERAL SAFETY

178
GENERAL SAFETY

179
GENERAL SAFETY

180
GENERAL SAFETY

181
WIRE HANDLING
Wire handling
Rigger & Banksman Level 1 185

185
 Your Family wants you so keep your self safe of all time.

Rigger & Banksman Level 1 186

. ‫ﻋﺎﺋﻠﺗك ﺗرﯾدك وﻟذﻟك ﺣﺎﻓظ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﻔﺳك ﻓﻰ ﺟﻣﯾﻊ اﻻوﻗﺎت‬
Offshore crane operator 187