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CN Practical

The document discusses basic network commands like ping, tracert, nslookup, netstat, ARP, RARP, ip, ifconfig, dig, and route. It also provides explanations for each command and examples of running them. Socket programming and Nmap commands are also covered at a high level.

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Jui Bhanushali
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63 views9 pages

CN Practical

The document discusses basic network commands like ping, tracert, nslookup, netstat, ARP, RARP, ip, ifconfig, dig, and route. It also provides explanations for each command and examples of running them. Socket programming and Nmap commands are also covered at a high level.

Uploaded by

Jui Bhanushali
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Basic Ip Commands (ping, tracert, nslookup,

netstat, ARP, RARP, ip,


ifconfig, dig, route )

Run these commands on terminal.


1. ifconfig
2. nslookup www.google.com
3. ping -c 4 10.1.8.3
4. traceroute
5. netstat -a
6. arp -v
7. ip addr show
8. dig google.com

Explaination of each command(for viva):-

1. ifconfig(interface configuration) command is used to


configure the kernel-resident network interfaces.
2. Nslookup (stands for “Name Server Lookup”) is a useful
command for getting information from DNS server.
3. PING (Packet Internet Groper) command is used to check
the network connectivity between host and server/host.
When you run the command "ping -c 4 10.1.8.3," your
computer will send 4 ICMP echo request packets to the IP
address 10.1.8.3.

4. traceroute command in Linux prints the route that a


packet takes to reach the host.

5. Netstat command displays various network related


information such as network connections,routing tables,
interface statistics, masquerade connections, multicast
memberships etc. The "netstat -a" command is used to
display a list of all active network connections and
listening ports on a computer.

6. dig command stands for Domain Information Groper. It is


used for retrieving information about DNS name servers.
Socket Program

MyServer.java file:-
import java.io.*;
import java.net.*;
public class MyServer{
public static void main(String[] args){
try
{
ServerSocket ss=new ServerSocket(6666);
Socket s=ss.accept();//establishes connection
DataInputStream dis=new
DataInputStream(s.getInputStream());
String str=(String)dis.readUTF();
System.out.println("message= "+str);
ss.close();
}
catch(Exception e){System.out.println(e);}
}
}
MyClient.java file:

import java.io.*;
import java.net.*;
public class MyClient
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
try
{
Socket s=new Socket("localhost",6666);
DataOutputStream dout=new
DataOutputStream(s.getOutputStream());
dout.writeUTF("Hello Server");
dout.flush();
dout.close();
s.close();
}catch(Exception e){System.out.println(e);}
}
}
Output:
To execute this program open two command prompts
and execute each program at each command prompt.

Use the following commands:

1]
javac MyServer.java
java MyServer

2]
javac MyClient.java
java MyClient
Nmap commands
Steps:-
1. Execute the Nmap-Zenmap GUI tool from
Program Menu or Desktop Icon
2. Type the Target Machine IP Address(ie.Guest OS
or any website Address)
3. Select ‘intense scan’ in profile .
4. Type the following command in the command
box.
• nmap 192.168.56.101
• nmap -O 192.168.56.101
• nmap -sV 192.168.56.101
• nmap -T4 -A -v 192.168.56.101

Explaination:-
1. For target specifications: nmap <target‘s URL or IP
with spaces between them>
2. For OS detection: nmap -O <target-host's URL or
IP>
3. For version detection: nmap -sV <target-host's URL
or IP>
4. ‘nmap -T4 -A -v 192.168.56.101’ :- "-T4": This is an
option specifying the timing template for the
scan.”-A”:- This is another option, a shorthand for
enabling several advanced scan options
Extras(Incase Prachi maam betrays us):-

a. Set up multiple IP addresses on a single LAN.


b. Using nestat and route commands of Linux, do the
following:
● View current routing table
● Add and delete routes
● Change default gateway

A]

sudo ip addr add 192.168.1.104/24 dev enp0s3


sudo ip address show enp0s3
sudo ping 192.168.1.104
B]
To check the routing table:
nestat -rn

Adding route:
sudo route add -net 192.168.3.0 gw 192.168.1.1
netmask 255.255.255.0 dev eth0

Deleting route:
sudo route del -net 192.168.3.0 gw 192.168.1.1
netmask 255.255.255.0 dev eth0

A quick way to add default route:


route add default gw 192.168.1.1

A quick way to delete defualt route:


route del default gw 192.168.1.1

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