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Chapter 17 Conjunctions

連接詞的作用是連接子句來組成句子
例句: Tim is very hard-working, but he is not very imaginative.

連接詞共有三種: 對等連接詞﹑相關連接詞和從屬連接詞

1. 對等連接詞 (Coordinating Conjunctions)

這些連接詞是單一存在的，可以連接兩個獨立的子句來組成句子
例子: for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so (簡稱為 “FANBOYS”)

例句: Karen won the lottery last month and she donated most of the money to the charities.
The performers were not talented, nor were they particularly funny.

_______________________________________________________________________________.
(we / be / out of / milk / yesterday / so / I / go / store / buy / some)
2. 相關連接詞 (Correlative Conjunctions)

這些連接詞是一對的，它們兩邊的子句大多是對稱的
例子: both … and …, either … or …, neither … nor …, not only … but also …, whether … or … 等等

例句: In marriages, both men and women have the same rights and responsibilities.
Neither the flowers nor the vase costs much money.

_______________________________________________________________________________.
(if / this project / fail / it / affect / not only / our department / but also / whole company)

3. 從屬連接詞 (Subordinating Conjunctions)

這些連接詞連接兩個子句成為句子，句子裡有分主要子句和從屬子句，兩句有從屬關係，
從屬子句為主要子句增加意義

例子: before, after, although, because, unless, when, while, until, once, if 等等

例句: He locked the door of his bedroom before he left home.

主要子句 從屬子句
Unless Ben tells me the truth, I will not forgive him.

從屬子句 主要子句

_______________________________________________________________________________.
(once / bell / ring / all / students / leave / classroom / immediately)
A. Fill in the blanks with correct conjunctions given in the box. Each word/pair of
words can only be used once.

but after for if

unless either … or … nor when
yet so before neither … nor

1. I forgot to bring my wallet. ______________ you _______________ Sheldon has

to pay for the meal.
2. ______________ you win the champion in the competition, you will receive a
trophy.
3. It is Autumn already, ______________ the weather is still hot.
4. We should not expect Dan to learn anything ______________ he never listens to
others.
5. ______________ Eddy ______________ his wife is good at driving. Therefore,
they need to hire a driver for their Paris trip.
6. We listened eagerly, ______________ he brought news of our families.
7. Mom went to the post office straight ______________ she left the restaurant.
However, the post office was closed already.
8. They sleep with the window open ______________ the weather gets really chilly
in the winter.
9. The police officers are unable to take questions at this point in time,
______________ can they make public the name of the murderer.
10. The suspect is critically ill in hospital, ______________ the reporters cannot
interview him for the time being.
11. The tourists had to give the doorman a tip ______________ he would help
them with their suitcases.
12. This is a small car, ______________ it is surprisingly spacious.
B. Read the following sentences. If the sentence is incorrect, write the correct one
in the blank. If not, put a “✓” in the blank.

1. Mr. Pratt is a professional coach. He coaches not only football but also tennis.
___________________________________________________________________

2. His family did not believe in him, nor his close friends did.
___________________________________________________________________

3. It does not matter whether Jeff is wealthy nor poor, Christy will marry him.
___________________________________________________________________

4. I believe either Sam or you has broken the window.

___________________________________________________________________

5. Although Ivan’s flat is not big, but his kitchen is well-designed.

___________________________________________________________________

6. We had not realized the woman was not Korean if she spoke.
___________________________________________________________________

7. You can pay now and when you come back to pick up the paint.
___________________________________________________________________
C. Combine the two sentences using suitable conjunctions. Do not repeat using
the same conjunction for different questions. The first one has been done as an
example.

(example) Martin has some creative ideas. Martin is too shy to share his creative
ideas with others.

Martin has some creative ideas, but he is too shy to share his creative ideas with
others.

1. The hotel has a 24-hour gym room. The hotel has an infinity pool.

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

2. Gary played ice hockey when he was a university student. Gary played volleyball

when he was a university student.

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________
3. There was a long queue in the duty-free shop. Mrs. Stone almost missed her
flight.

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

4. I was waiting at the bus stop. Three buses went by in the opposite direction.

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

5. Love cannot be bought. Love cannot be sold.

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

6. You have signed the rental agreement. Then you will not be able to cancel it.

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________
D. Match the clauses in the left column with those in the right column.

1. The Chans are holding a huge party, _____ A. so Ben will have to take him

home.

2. The children could not have their _____ B. or you will get detention.

dessert

3. My little brother cried _____ C. for their granddaughter will

be getting married next

month.

4. The students returned to the _____ D. or are you behaving strangely

classrooms at the moment?

5. Either you behave yourself _____ E. until they had finished their

dinner.

6. Adam does not have a ride, _____ F. and threw away toys to get

my mother’s attention.

7. Is it my imagination _____ G. after the recess ended.

E. Read the following passage. Identify the mistake in each numbered line by:
(a) Wrong word: underline the wrong word and write the correct answer
above it; (b) Extra word: cross out the extra word; (c) Missing word: mark the
position of the missing word with a “^ ” and write the missing word above it.
If there is no mistake in the numbered line, put a “✓” at the end of the
numbered line.

Is Your Cat Laughing at You?

1 As any pet owners will know, you develop a distinct emotional bond with

2 your animal companion of choice. You chat with the dog, remonstrate

3 with the hamster and tell your parakeet secrets would never tell

4 anyone. And, while part of you suspects that the whole endeavour

5 might be completely pointless, another part of you secret hopes that

6 somehow your beloved pet understands. But what, and how many, do

7 animals understand? Do dogs or cats or any animal laughs in the same

8 way that we laugh? The reasons that human beings developed laugh

9 is something a mystery. Every human on the planet, regardless of the

10 language they speak, do it and we all do it unconsciously. It is

11 contagious, social and something we develope before we can speak. It is

12 thinks that it exists to provide a bonding element amongst individuals,

13 while another theory states it initially originates as a warning sound to

 14 highlight the incongruous. So how about the pets in our homes? Are

15 they capable of laughing at us? Cats were thought to have been evolved to

16 show no emotions at tall as a survival factor in the wild. Obviously purring

17 can indicate that a cat is content, but purrs and mews can also used

18 to indicate a number of other things. Although cats also appear to enjoy engaging

19 in a variety of mischievous behaviours, but this could merely an attempt

20 to attract attention rather than show off their humourous side. And so,

21 as far as science goes, it seems that cats are capable of laughter and you

22 can be comforting to know that your cat is not laughing at you. Though,

23 if they do ever acquire the ability to do so, we suspect they would.

Extracted and edited from https://www.bbcearth.com/news/is-your-cat-laughing-at-you

F. Translate the sentences from Chinese to English using the conjunctions given.
Make sure there are no grammatical mistakes.

1. 輸贏沒有關係 ── 志在參與。[whether … or …]

__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________

2. Boris 一直沉默不語，因為他心情(heart)沉重，情緒(spirits)低落。[for]

__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________

3. 如果產品沒有用，你可以選擇退款或更換。[if]

__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________

4. Mr. Gates 在股市(stock market)上輸了一大筆錢(lose a fortune)，但他似乎

仍然過得相當安逸(comfortably)。[but]

__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________