C

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PUZZL
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CHAPTER 10

CIRCL
ES
Circles
10.1 : Circles

Circle : A shape where all points on a

circle are equidistant from a fixed point.
 Centre

1. Centre ;is the fixed point in the middle of the circle

 The outside of the circle is called

Circumference

2. Circumference ; is the perimeter of the circle.

 Radius

3. Radiusa straight line from the centre to any point

on the circumference
 Diameter

Radius

4. Diameter;a straight line joining any two points on

the circumference and passing through the centre.
 Chord

?
What is the difference
between diameter,
radius and chord?

5. Chord;a straight line joining any two points on

the circumference.
 Ar
c
Minor
Arc

Major
Arc

6. Arc;a part of the circumference.

Sector

Major
Sector

Minor
Sector

7. Sector;a region bounded by an arc and two radii.

 Segment
Minor
Segment

Major
Segment

8. Segment;a region bounded by an arc and a chord.

 Match the words to the definitions
The length around the outside of a circle
Sector Fixed point in the middle
A section of a circle which looks like a
Segment slice of pizza
A section circle formed with an arc and a
Chord chord
The distance from the centre of a circle
Radius to the edge
The distance from one side of a circle to
Arc the other (through the centre)
A section of the curved surface of a circle
Centre A straight line connecting two points on
the edge of a circle
Diameter
Circumference
How to draw a circle and its part?
Draw a circle of radius 2 cm and centre O.

1. Mark a point O as
centre.

2. Measure a radius of 2
cm using compasses
and ruler. O
3. Start from point O,
draw a circle using
compasses.
Draw a diameter passing through point M and centre O.

1. Draw a line joining two

points on the circumference
M passing through M and O.

Do you remember?
Diameter ; joining two
points on the
circumference and passing
through the centre
?
 Draw two chords of 3cm from point K

A
1. Open your compasses to a
width of 3 cm K

2. Point your needle on O

K, draw arcs that
intersect the circle at
two points, A and B.
chord
3. Join K to A, and K to B. B
 How to determine the centre and radius of a given
circle

1. Draw two non parallel chords

2. Construct perpendicular
bisectors for the chords
3. Point of intersection is
the centre of the circle, O. O
4. Now, measure the radius
of the circle.
 10.2 : Circumference of a Circle

Think about
Image Think
that aline
line about
around
straightened thethis
out- outside
is the of a
circumference
circle
circles
 Pi
People noticed that if you divide the circumference of a circle by the
diameter you ALWAYS get the same answer
They called the answer Pi (π) , which is:
3.14159265358979323846264338327950288419716939937510582097
49445923078164062862089986280348253421170679
821480865132823066470938446095505822317253594081284811174
5028410270193852110555964462294895493038196
You can use the
442881097566593344612847564823378678316527120190914564856
π button on
6923460348610454326648213393607260249141273
your calculator
724587006606315588174881520920962829254091715364367892590
360011330530548820466521384146951941511609...
Circle circumference and diameter
 How many digits can you memorise in 2
minutes?
3.1415926535897932384626433832795028841971693993751
05820974944592307816406286208998628034825342117067
98214808651328230664709384460955058223172535940812
84811174502841027019385211055596446229489549303819
64428810975665933446128475648233786783165271201909
14564856692346034861045432664821339360726024914127
37245870066063155881748815209209628292540917153643
67892590360011330530548820466521384146951941511609..
.
 Write down pi!
3.1415926535897932384626433832795028841971693993751
05820974944592307816406286208998628034825342117067
98214808651328230664709384460955058223172535940812
84811174502841027019385211055596446229489549303819
64428810975665933446128475648233786783165271201909
14564856692346034861045432664821339360726024914127
37245870066063155881748815209209628292540917153643
67892590360011330530548820466521384146951941511609..
.

How did you do? What do you think the

world record is?
Pi website
Rounding to Decimal Places

10 multiple choice questions

 Round to 1 dp

0.34
0.4 0.3
A B
) )
0.35 3
C) D
)
 Round to 1 dp

2.75
2.8 2.74
A B
) )
2.7 3.0
C) D
)
 Round to 1 dp

0.48
0.49 0.4
A B
) )
0.47 0.5
C) D
)
 Round to 1 dp

2.75
2.8 2.74
A B
) )
2.7 3.0
C) D
)
 Round to 1 dp

13.374
13.0 14.0
A B
) )
13.3 13.4
C) D
)
 Round to 1 dp

26.519
25.0 26.6
A B
) )
26.0 26.5
C) D
)
 Round to 2 dp

23.1782
23.20 23.18
A B
) )
23.10 23.17
C) D
)
 Round to 2 dp

500.8251
500.80 500.8
A B
) )
500.83 500.84
C) D
)
 Round to 3 dp

0.00417
0.00417 0.004
A B
) )
0.00418 0.005
C) D
)
 Round to 2 dp

4.999
4.99 4.90
A B
) )
5.00 4.98
C) D
)
 Round to 4 dp

0.72995
0.7300 0.7390
A B
) )
0.7210 0.7399
C) D
) HOME
Circles

How to find the circumference of a circle?

What is
?
?
“d”?
What is
“r”?

radius

?
diameter
What is the
value of π?

22
π= π = 3.142
7
Find the circumference of a circle with a radius of 5 cm. (Use
π = 3.142)

Circumference = 2π r
π = 3.142, r = 5cm
Circumference = 2 × 3.142 × 5
= 31.42cm
A piece of wire of length 88 cm is bent to form a circle. What
is the diameter of the circle? ⎛ 22 ⎞
⎜π = ⎟
⎝ 7 ⎠

Circumference = πd

Answer
d = 28cm
Finding the radius given the circumference Use
π = 3.14 to find the radius of this circle.

12 C=
cm
2πr
How can we rearrange this to make
r the subject of the formula?

C
r ?
= 2
π
1
= 2
2×
3.14
= 1.91 cm (to 2 d.p.)
 Find the perimeter of this shapeUse π = 3.14 to
find perimeter of this shape.

The perimeter of this shape is made

up of the circumference of a circle of
diameter 13 cm and two lines of
length 6 cm.

13
6 cm
Perimeter = 3.14 × 13 + 6 +
cm 6
= 52.82 cm
 Circumference problem

The diameter of a bicycle wheel is 50 cm. How many

complete rotations does it make over a distance of 1 km?

Using C = πd and π =
3.14,
The circumference of the
wheel
= 3.14 × 50

= 157
cm
1 km = 100 000
cm
50 The number of complete
cm rotations
= 100 000 ÷
157
= 637
 10.3 : Arc of a Circle

How to find the length of an arc?

Now we compare..

θ : 360°
360° Length of arc : Circumference

θ
=
1. Calculate the length of an arc which subtends an angle of 45° at the
centre of a circle of radius 14cm

=
Answer
Length of arc = 11cm

2. Calculate the length of an arc which subtends an angle of 36° at the

centre of a circle of diameter 70cm

If diameter = 70 cm,
Then radius = 35 cm

Answer
Length of arc = 22cm
 How to find the angle at the centre, given the length of an arc and radius?
1. The length of an arc of a sector of radius 20 cm is 31.42 cm. Find the
angle of the sector. (Use π=3.142)
Answer
Angle of the sector= 90°
2. The length of an arc of a sector of radius 28 cm is 88 cm. Find the angle
of the sector. (Use π=3.142)
Answer
Angle of the sector=
180°
3. The length of an arc of a sector of diameter 60 cm is 23.565 cm. Find
the angle of the sector. (Use π=3.142)
Answer
Angle of the sector= 45°
How to find the radius given the length of an arc and angle at the centre?

1. The length of an arc with an angle of 45° at the centre of a circle is 11

cm. Find the radius of the circle.
22
π=
7 Answer
Radius = 7 cm

2. The length of an arc with an angle of 60° at the centre of a circle is 62.84
cm. Find the radius of the circle.

Answer
Radius = 10 cm
 10.4 : Area of a Circle

Calculate the
area!

Area = 15 units

Area = 28.29
units
Formula for area of a
circle
Area of a circle = πr2

r
 How to find the length of an arc?

Find the area of a circle of radius 7cm.

22
π=
7

Answer
Area = 154 cm2

Find the area of a circle of diameter 16cm. Use π = 3.142

Answer
Area = 201.088 cm2
 How to find the diameter or radius of a circle given its area?

The area of a circle is 154 cm2. Find its radius and diameter.
22
π=
7
Answer
Radius = 7 cm
Diameter = 14 cm

The area of a circle is 78.55 cm2. By using π = 3.142, find its

radius.

Answer
Radius = 5 cm
 How to find the area of a circle given its circumference and vice versa?

The circumference of a circle is 44 cm. Find its 22

area. π=
7
Answer
Radius = 7 cm
Area = 154 cm2

The circumference of a circle is 56.556 cm. Find its area. Use π = 3.142.

Answer
Radius = 9 cm
Area = 254.502 cm2
 10.4 : Area of a Sector

How to find the area of a sector?

Find the area of sector with angle 90° of a circle with radius 7 cm. π 22
=
7

Answer
Area of sector = 38.5 cm2
 How to find the angle of a sector given its area and radius.

The area of the yellow shaded region of circle in the diagram is 38.5
cm2. Find the angle of the sector.
22
π=
7
r=7
cm Answer
Angle = 90°
How to find the radius given the area of a sector and its angle at the
centre.
A sector has an area of 21.2085 m2. If the angle at the
centre is 30°, calculate its radius. Use π = 3.142.

Answer
Radius = 9
m2