Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance

SOLVED EXERCISE

1. Three isolated equal charges are placed at the three corners of an equilateral triangle as shown in figure. The
statement which is true for net electric potential V and net electric field intensity E at the centre of the triangle
is
q

q q

(1) E = 0, V = 0 (2) V = 0, E  0 (3) V  0, E = 0 (4) V 0, E  0

Sol. Answer (3) q

Enet = 0 l
E O E
3
⎛k q 3⎞ kq
Vnet  3 ⎜ ⎟ 3 3
⎝ l ⎠ l q q
E

2. The potential at a point 0.1 m from an isolated point charge is + 100 volt. The nature of the point charge is
(1) Positive (2) Negative (3) Zero (4) Either positive or zero
Sol. Answer (1)
As potential is +ve, so point charge is also +ve.

3. A charge of 10C is placed at the origin of x-y coordinate system. The potential difference between two points
(0, a) and (a, 0) in volt will be

9  10 4 9  10 4 9  10 4
(1) (2) (3) (4) Zero
a a 2 2a
Sol. Answer (4)
A
kq
VA  a
a a B
kq 10  C
VB 
a
V = VA – VB = 0 1
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38 Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance Solution of Assignment

4. Four charges of same magnitude q are placed at four corners of a square of side a. The value of electric potential
1
at the centre of the square will be (Where k  4 )
0

4kq kq 4kq kq
(1) (2) 4 2 (3) (4)
a a 2a a 2
Sol. Answer (2)
q a q

P a
2

q q

⎛ kq 2 ⎞ kq
VP  4 ⎜ ⎟ 4 2
⎝ a ⎠ a

5. Two identical positive charges are placed on the y-axis at y = – a and y = + a. The variation of V (electric
potential) along x-axis is shown by graph

V V V V

(1) (2) (3) (4)

x x x x

Sol. Answer (1)

q
a x

a
q

2kq
V 
a2  x 2

6. Which graph best represents the variation of electric potential as a function of distance from the centre of a uniformly
charged solid sphere of charge of radius R?

V V V V

(1) (2) (3) (4)

R r R r R r R r

Sol. Answer (3)

⎡ 1 Q ⎤
⎢V 
4  2R

. 3 3R 2  r 2 ⎥ 
⎣ 0 ⎦ 2
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Solution of Assignment Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance 39
7. A hollow charged metal sphere has radius r. If the potential difference between its surface and a point at a distance
3r from the centre is V, then the electric field intensity at distance 3r from the centre is

V V V V
(1) (2) (3) (4)
3r 4r 6r 2r
Sol. Answer (3)

kq kq q
VA  VP  r
r 3r A P
2kq 3r
V = VA – VP =
3r
3Vr
kq 
2
kq 3Vr V
E  
9r 2
 
2 9r 2
6r

8. Two concentric hollow conducting spheres of radius r and R are shown. The charge on outer shell is Q. What
charge should be given to inner sphere so that the potential at any point P outside the outer sphere is zero?

x P
r

R
Qr QR 2QR
(1)  (2)  (3) –Q (4) 
R r r
Sol. Answer (3) Q
q
kq KQ P
VP   0 x
r
x x
R
q = –Q

9. The potential gradient is a

(1) Vector quantity (2) Scalar quantity (3) Conversion factor (4) Constant
Sol. Answer(1)

dV
Potential gradient =  E (Vector)
dr

10. The electric potential V at a point P(x, y, z) in space is given by V = 4 x2 volt. Electric field at a point (1m,
0, 2m) in V/m is
(1) 8 along –ve x-axis (2) 8 along +ve x-axis (3) 16 along –ve x-axis (4) 16 along +ve x-axis
Sol. Answer (1)
V = 4x2
dV
Ex   8 x
dx
Ex = –8
3
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40 Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance Solution of Assignment

11. Figure shows the variation of electric field intensity E versus distance x. What is the potential difference between
the points at x = 2 m and at x = 6 m from O?

E
(N/C)
10
5

O 2 4 6 x (m)
(1) 30 V (2) 60 V (3) 40 V (4) 80 V
Sol. Answer(1)

V2  V6  ∫ Edr E 10
5
1
V2  V6  10 2  10 2  30 2 4 6x
2

12. Figure shows a set of equipotential surfaces. The magnitude and direction of electric field that exists in the
region is
y

135º
x(m)
O 1 2 3 10 V
20 V
30 V
40 V
(1) 10 2 V/m at 45º with x-axis (2) 10 2 V/m at –45º with x-axis

(3) 5 2 V/m at 45º with x-axis (4) 5 2 V/m at –45º with x-axis

Sol. Answer (1) E

10 2 1
E 90° 135°
1 2 45°
0 1 2 3 10
20
E  10 2 at 45° with x-axis 30
40
13. Determine the electric field strength vector if the potential of this field depends on x, y coordinates as V = 10
axy

(1) 10 a ( yiˆ  xˆj ) (2)  10 a [ yiˆ  xˆj ] (3)  a [ yiˆ  xˆj ] (4)  10a [ xiˆ  ykˆ ]

Sol. Answer (2)

V = 10axy

dV dV
Ex   10ay , E y   10ax
dx dy


E  10a yiˆ  xjˆ  4
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Solution of Assignment Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance 41
14. If on the x-axis electric potential decreases uniformly from 60 V to 20 V between x = –2 m to x = +2 m, then the
magnitude of electric field at the origin
(1) Must be 10 V/m (2) May be greater than 10 V/m
(3) Is zero (4) Is 5 V/m
Sol. Answer (2)
Ey
40 V
Ex   10
4 m 60 20

Ey  0 –2 –1 0 1 2

E  E x2  E y2  10 Ex

15. An infinite conducting sheet has surface charge density . The distance between two equipotential surfaces
is r. The potential difference between these two surfaces is

r r  
(1) 2 (2)  (3)  r (4) 2 r
0 0 0 0

Sol. Answer (2)

r
V  Ed 
0
r
V 
0

16. Two small spheres each carrying a charge q are placed, distance r apart. If one of the spheres is taken around
the other in a circular path, the work done will be equal to

(1) Force between them × r (2) Force between them

2r

(3) Force between them × 2r (4) Zero

Sol. Answer (4)

r
q q

W = 0 as whole path is equipotential.

17. Work done in moving a charge q coulomb on the surface of a given charged conductor of potential V is

V q
(1) joule (2) Vq joule (3) joule (4) Zero
q V

Sol. Answer (4)

As the surface of a conductor is equipotential, So w = 0. 5
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42 Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance Solution of Assignment

18. If an -particle and a proton are accelerated from rest by a potential difference of 1 megavolt then the ratio of
their kinetic energy will be
1
(1) (2) 1 (3) 2 (4) 4
2
Sol. Answer (3)
KE = qV

KE  qV q
  2
KE P q pV q p

19. When a test charge is brought in from infinity along the perpendicular bisector of an electric dipole, the work
done is
(1) Positive (2) Zero (3) Negative (4) None of these
Sol. Answer (2)
W = q(Vf – Vi ) = q(0 – 0) = 0

20. The work done in moving an electric charge q in an electric field does not depend upon
(1) Mass of the particle (2) Potential difference between two points
(3) Magnitude of charge (4) All of these
Sol. Answer (1)
Work done does not depend on mass of the particle.

21. A particle A has charge +q and particle B has charge +4q with each of them having the same mass m. When
VA
allowed to fall from rest through the same electric potential difference, the ratio of their speeds V will become
B

(1) 1 : 2 (2) 2 : 1 (3) 1 : 4 (4) 4 : 1

Sol. Answer (1)

1 8qV
qV  mVA2 VB 
2 m

2qV
VA 
m

VA 1

VB 2

22. If 50 joule of work must be done to move an electric charge of 2 C from a point, where potential is –10 volt
to another point, where potential is V volt, the value of V is
(1) 5 V (2) – 15 V (3) + 15 V (4) + 10 V
Sol. Answer (3)
50 = 2(V – (–10))
25 = V + 10
V = 15 V 6
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Solution of Assignment Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance 43
23. A proton has a mass 1.67 × 10–27 kg and charge +1.6 × 10–19 C. If the proton is accelerated through a
potential difference of million volts, then the kinetic energy is
(1) 1.6 × 10–15 J (2) 1.6 × 10–13 J (3) 1.6 × 10–21 J (4) 3.2 × 10–13 J
Sol. Answer (2)

1
(1.6 × 10–19) (106) = (1.67 × 10–27) v2
2

1.67
1.6  10 13   10 27 v 2  KE
2
KE = 1.6 × 10–13 J

24. Calculate the work done in taking a charge –2 × 10–9 C from A to B via C (in diagram)
z(cm)
C(0,6,9)

A(0,0,3)
B y(cm)
q = 8 mC
O (0,4,0)

x(cm)
(1) 0.2 joule (2) 1.2 joule (3) 2.2 joule (4) Zero
Sol. Answer (2)
z
9  109  8  10 3 C(0,6,9)
VA   24  108 V
3  10 2

9  109  8  103 A(0,0,3)

VB   18  108 V y
4  102  MC B(0,4,0)
W = –2 × 10–9 (–6 × 108 ) x
W = 12 × 10–1 J
W = 1.2 J

25. The electric potential at a distance of 3 m on the axis of a short dipole of dipole moment
4 × 10–12 coulomb-meter is
(1) 1.33 × 10–3 V (2) 4 mV (3) 12 mV (4) 27 mV
Sol. Answer (2)

9  109  4  1012
V  4  103 V  4 mV
9

26. The electric potential in volts due to an electric dipole of dipole moment 2 × 10–8 coulomb-metre at a distance
of 3m on a line making an angle of 60° with the axis of the dipole is
(1) Zero (2) 10 (3) 20 (4) 40
Sol. Answer (2)

1
9  109  2  10 8 
V 2  10 V
9 7
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44 Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance Solution of Assignment

27. An electric dipole of length 2 cm is placed with its axis making an angle of 30° to a uniform electric field 105
N/C. If it experiences a torque of 10 3 Nm, then potential energy of the dipole
(1) – 10 J (2) – 20 J (3) – 30 J (4) – 40 J
Sol. Answer (3)

1
10 3  P105
2
2 3  10 4  P

3
U  2 3  104  105 
2
U = –3 × 10
U = –30 J

28. Two electrons are moving towards each other, each with a velocity of 106 m/s. What will be closest distance
of approach between them?
(1) 1.53 × 10–8 m (2) 2.53 × 10–10 m (3) 2.53 × 10–6 m (4) Zero
Sol. Answer (2)

 
2
1 9  109  1.6  10 19
  
2
2. 9.1  10 31 106 
2 r
9  10 9  2.56  10 38
9.1  10 19 
r
r = 2.56 × 10–10 m

29. Three charges –q, Q and –q are placed respectively at equal distances on a straight line. If the potential energy
of the system of three charges is zero, then what is the ratio of Q : q ?
(1) 1 : 1 (2) 1 : 2 (3) 1 : 3 (4) 1 : 4
Sol. Answer (4)
x
x
 kqQ kqQ kq 2
U   0 –q Q –q
x x 2x 2x
kq 2 2kqQ

2x x
Q 1
q = 4Q, 
q 4

30. A point charge q is surrounded by eight identical charges at distance r as shown in figure. How much work
is done by the forces of electrostatic repulsion when the point charge at the centre is removed to infinity?
q
q
q
q
q q
O
q
q
q

8q 2 8q 64q 2
(1) Zero (2) (3) 4 r (4)
40 r 40 r
0
8
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Solution of Assignment Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance 45
Sol. Answer (2)
W = –q (Vf – Vi) = –q(V – Vi) = +qVi

kq 2 8q 2
V i  8. 
r 4  0 r

 8q 2
W 
4  0 r

31. 1000 small water drops each of capacitance C join together to form one large spherical drop. The capacitance
of bigger sphere is
(1) C (2) 10 C (3) 100 C (4) 1000 C
Sol. Answer (2)
C = 40r

4 4
1000. r 3  R 3
3 3

R = 10r
C' = 40R = 10 (40r)
C' = 10C

32. Two parallel plate capacitors have their plate areas 100 cm2 and 500 cm2 respectively. If they have the same
charge and potential and the distance between the plates of the first capacitor is 0.5 mm, then the
distance between the plates of the second capacitor is

(1) 0.10 cm (2) 0.15 cm (3) 0.20 cm (4) 0.25 cm

Sol. Answer (4) 0.5

d

100 0 500 0

0.5 d
q –q q –q
d = 2.5 cm = 0.25 cm A1 = 100 cm
2
A2 = 500 cm
2

33. A dielectric slab of dielectric constant K is placed between the plates of a parallel plate capacitor carrying
charge q. The induced charge q' on the surface of slab is given by

q q ⎡1 ⎤ ⎛ 1⎞
(1) q   q  (2) q   q  (3) q   q ⎢  1⎥ (4) q   q ⎜1  ⎟
K K ⎣ K ⎦ ⎝ K ⎠
Sol. Answer (2)

1⎞ ⎛ 1⎞
⎛ q ⎜ 1 ⎟
q ⎜ 1 ⎟ ⎝ K⎠
⎝ K⎠

q –q

⎛ 1⎞
q '  q ⎜ 1  ⎟
⎝ K⎠
9
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46 Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance Solution of Assignment

34. Two charged capacitors have their outer plates fixed and inner plates connected by a spring of force constant
‘k’. The charge on each capacitor is q. Find the extension in the spring at equilibrium

+ – + –
k

smooth

q2 q2 q2
(1) (2) (3) (4) Zero
2A 0 k 4 A 0 k A 0 k
Sol. Answer (1)

q2
F  kx 
2 A 0

q2
x 
2 A0k

35. A battery does 200 J of work in charging a capacitor. The energy stored in the capacitor is
(1) 200 J (2) 100 J (3) 50 J (4) 400 J
Sol. Answer (2)

1
U  Cv 2
2

W = Cv2

W
U= = 100 J (half of work is lost in heat)
2

36. The following arrangement consists of five identical metal plates parallel to each other. Area of each plate is
A and separation between the successive plates is d. The capacitance between P and Q is

P
Q

5 0 A 7 A 4 0 A 5 0 A
(1) (2) 0 (3) (4)
d 3 d 3 d 3 d
Sol. Answer (4)

1 P Q Q
2 R 1 2 23 3 4 R 4 5
P Q
3 P Q Q
4
Q
5 R R

P C R 2C Q
5C
Cnet 
3
C 10
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Solution of Assignment Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance 47
37. Two similar conducting balls having charges +q and –q are placed at a separation d from each other in air.
The radius of each ball is r and the separation between their centres is d(d >>r). Calculate the capacitance
of the two ball system
+q + + + + –q
+ +
r + r
+ +
+ +
++ +
+ + d
0r r
(1) 40r (2) 20r (3) 4 loge (4) 4 loge
d d
Sol. Answer (2) q –q
+ + ++
kq k  q  + r +
VA   + d
r d r + +
+ +A B
kq kq + +
VB   + + +
r d r

2kq 2kq 2q ⎡1 1 ⎤
V  VA  VB    ⎢r  d  r ⎥
r d  r 4  0 ⎣ ⎦

q ⎡ d  2r ⎤
V  ⎢ ⎥
2 0 ⎣  r  d  r  ⎦
d >> r
q
V 
2  0

q
 2 0 r  C
V

38. A capacitor is half filled with a dielectric (K = 2) as shown in figure A. If the same capacitor is to be filled
with same dielectric as shown, what would be the thickness of dielectric so that capacitor still has same
capacity?
+ +

d d
t
– –
Fig. A Fig. B

(1) 2d/3 (2) 3d/2 (3) 3d/4 (4) 4d/3

Sol. Answer (1)

A 0 A 0
k  1 A 0 Cnet  
 ⎛ 1 ⎞ t
Cnet
2 d  t ⎜1  ⎟ d 
d ⎝ 2⎠ 2

3A0
Cnet 
2d

3 A 0 A 0

2d t
d
2 11
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48 Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance Solution of Assignment

3t
3d   2d
2

3t
d
2

2d
t
3

39. Capacitors C1(10 F) and C2(20 F) are connected in series across a 3 kV supply, as shown. What is the
charge on the capacitor C1?

3 kV

C1 C2

10 F 20 F

(1) 45000 C (2) 20000 C (3) 15000 C (4) 10000 C

Sol. Answer (2)

1 1 1 3
  
C 10 20 20

20
C F
3

20
q .3000  20000  10 6
3
q = 2 × 10–4 C

40. The charge on the 6 F capacitor in the circuit shown is

A
90 V 9 F 6 F 12  F
B

(1) 540 C (2) 270 C (3) 180 C (4) 90 C

Sol. Answer (3)
A A
1 1 1 3 90 V 9  F 6  F 12  F
   X 540  C 540  C
C 18 9 18 B X q1 A A B
C = 6 F 18 X 9
X X
q = 6 × 90 = 540 C

q1 6

540  q1 12

2q1 = 540 – q1
3q1 = 540
q1 = 180 C
12
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Solution of Assignment Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance 49
41. In the circuit below C1  20 F , C2  40 F and C3  50 F. If no capacitor can sustain more than 50 V, then
maximum potential difference between X and Y is

X Y
C1 C2 C3

(1) 95 V (2) 75 V (3) 150 V (4) 65 V

Sol. Answer (1)
X Y
qmax = 1000 C, 2000 C, 2500 C
20  F, 40  F, 50  F
q = 1000 C, 1000 C, 1000 C
V = 50 V, 25 V, 20 V
Vnet = 50 + 20 + 25
Vnet = 95 V

42. In the circuit shown below C1 = 10 F, C2 = C3=20 F, and C4 = 40 F. If the charge on C1 is 20 C then potential
difference between X and Y is

C1 C3

X Y

C2 C4

(1) 2 V (2) 3 V (3) 6 V (4) 3.5 V

Sol. Answer (2)
10  F 20 F
q3  20 C
20  F
20c qq33
q4  q4  40 C

20 20
V   3V 20 F 40 F
10 20
q2 q3

43. A parallel plate capacitor after charging is kept connected to a battery and the plates are pulled apart with the help
of insulating handles. Now which of the following quantities will decrease ?
(1) Charge (2) Capacitance (3) Energy stored (4) All of these
Sol. Answer (4)
V remains constant

A 0
C ⇒ d increases
d

C decreases
q = CV
1
q decreases U  CV
2

2
U decreases
13
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50 Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance Solution of Assignment

44. In the circuit below, if a dielectric is inserted into C2 then the charge on C1 will
C1 C2

V
(1) Increase (2) Decrease (3) Remain same (4) Be halved
Sol. Answer (1)
C1 C2
C1C2V KC1C2V
q1  q1' 
C1  C2 C1  KC2

q1'  q1 , so charge increases. V

45. A capacitor with plate separation d is charged to V volts. The battery is disconnected and a dielectric slab of
d
thickness and dielectric constant ‘2’ is inserted between the plates. The potential difference across its terminals
2
becomes
4V 3V
(1) V (2) 2V (3) (4)
3 4
Sol. Answer (4)
q = CV
A 0 4 A 0 4C
C   
d⎛ 1⎞ 3d 3
d  ⎜1  ⎟
2⎝ 2⎠

4CV 
q
3
4CV 
CV 
3
3V
V 
4

46. An uncharged parallel plate capacitor having a dielectric of constant K is connected to a similar air cored parallel
capacitor charged to a potential V. The two capacitors share charges and the common potential is V. The
dielectric constant K is
V  V V V V V V V 
(1) (2) (3) (4)
V V V V V
Sol. Answer (4) KC, 0

V 
 KC  0  C V 
KC  C
CV
V 
KC  C C,V
KV + V = V
KV = V – V
V V 
K
V 14
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Solution of Assignment Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance 51
47. Two identical capacitors are connected in parallel across a potenial difference V. After they are fully charged, the
positive plate of first capacitor is connected to negative plate of second and negative plate of first is connected to
positive plate of other. The loss of energy will be
1 1
(1) CV 2 (2) CV2 (3) CV 2 (4) Zero
2 4
Sol. Answer (2)

1 1 + –V
Ui  CV 2  CV 2  CV 2
2 2
⇒ CV –CV
Uf = 0
+ –
U = CV2 V
–CV CV

1. As in the figure, if a capacitor of capacitance ‘C’ is charged by connecting it with resistance R, then energy given
by the battery will be
C

V
1 1
(1) CV 2 (2) Less than CV
2
(3) CV2 (4) More than CV2
2 2
Sol. Answer (3)
C
t
⎛ ⎞
q  CV ⎜ 1  e RC ⎟
⎝ ⎠
t= q = CV
V R
Battery gives CV charge
W = CV2

2. Figure shows a solid conducting sphere of radius 1 m, enclosed by a metallic shell of radius 3 m such that their
centres coincide. If outer shell is given a charge of 6 C and inner sphere is earthed, find magnitude charge on the
surface of inner shell

3m

1m

(1) 1 C (2) 2 C (3) 4 C (4) 6 C

Sol. Answer (2) 6+q
–q
kq k 6 q
V   0 o
1 3 1m
6 C
q = –2 C
3m

15
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52 Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance Solution of Assignment

3. A positively charged ring is in y – z plane with its centre at origin. A positive test charge q0, held at origin is released
along x-axis, then its speed

(1) Increases continuously (2) Decreases continuously

(3) First increases then decreases (4) First decreases then increases

Sol. Answer (1)

kq
V
x  a2
2

V decreases x

So, U decreases

So, K increases

4. Three point charges q, q and –2q are placed at the corners of an equilateral triangle of side ‘L’. Calculate work done
by external force in moving all the charges far apart without acceleration

1 3q 2 1 3q 2 1 5q 2 1 5q 2
(1) (2)  (3) (4) 
40 L 40 L 40 L 40 L

Sol. Answer (1)

q
k  q  2q  k  q  q  k  q  2q 
U  
L L L

3kq 2 L L
U
L
U  0
q L –2q
2
3kq
Wext  U   U 
L

5. There is a uniformly charged non conducting solid sphere made of material of dielectric constant one. If electric
potential at infinity be zero, then the potential at its surface is V. If we take electric potential at its surface to be
zero, then the potential at the centre will be

3V V
(1) (2) (3) V (4) Zero
2 2
Sol. Answer (2)
Vsurface = V + V
If V = 0, Vsurface = V
If V = –V, Vsurface = 0

3V 3V V
Vcen   V  V 
2 2 2

3x 2 y 2
6. Electric potential in a region is varying according to the relation V   , where x and y are in metre and V
2 4
is in volt. Electric field intensity (in N/C) at a point (1 m, 2 m) is

(1) 3iˆ  ˆj (2)  3iˆ  ˆj (3) 6iˆ  2 ˆj (4)  6iˆ  2 ˆj

16
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Solution of Assignment Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance 53
Sol. Answer (2)

3x 2 y 2
V  
2 4
dV
Ex   3 x  3
dx
dV y
Ey    1
dy 2

E  3iˆ  jˆ

7. There exists a uniform electric field E = 4 × 105 Vm–1 directed along negative x-axis such that electric potential at
origin is zero. A charge of –200 C is placed at origin, and a charge of +200 C is placed at (3 m, 0). The electrostatic
potential energy of the system is
(1) 120 J (2) – 120 J (3) – 240 J (4) Zero
Sol. Answer (1)

V3  4  105  3  12  105 E
–200 C 200 C
kq q
U  1 2  q1V2  q2V2 V0 = 0 V3 = 12 × 10
5

r
3
9  109  200  200  1012
U + (–200)(0) + 200 (12 ×105) ×10–6
3
U = –120 + 240
U = 120 J

8. If the electric potential on the axis of an electric dipole at a distance ‘r’ from it is V, then the potential at a point on
its equatorial line at the same distance away from it will be
V
(1) 2 V (2) (3) 0 (4) – V
2
Sol. Answer (3)
Potential at any point on the equatorial line due to an electric dipole is 0.

9. Three identical charged capacitors each of capacitance 5 F are connected as shown in figure. Potential difference
across capacitor (3), long time after the switches K1 and K2 are is closed, is

100C 1 100C 2
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
K2
+
+
+
+ K1
100C 3

(1) 20 V (2) 10 V (3) 5 V (4) Zero

Sol. Answer (4)
In the wires, the charge is 0, Thus final charge = 0
100 –100 100 –100
Thus V = 0

–100 100 17
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54 Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance Solution of Assignment

10. A positive point charge q is placed at a distance 2R from the surface of a metallic shell of radius R. The electric
field at centre of shell due to induced charge has magnitude

2R q

1 q 1 q 1 q
(1) Zero (2) 4 2 (3) 4 2 (4) 4 2
0 9R 0 4R 0 R

Sol. Answer (2)

 
Eint  E ext  0
++
+ R 2R q
  +
E int  E ext
+ Eext Eind
++
 kq
E int 
9R 2

11. Six point charges are placed at the vertices of a regular hexagon of side a as shown. If E represents electric field
and V represents electric potential at O, then
–q q

q –q
O

–q q
a
(1) E  0 but V  0 (2) E  0 but V  0 (3) E  0 and V  0 (4) E  0 and V  0
Sol. Answer (3)
–q q
3kq 3kq
V   0
r r
q –q
from the figure

2E
–q q

2E

2E
Enet = 0

12. A point charge q is held at the centre of a circle of radius r. B, C are two points on the circumference of the circle
and A is a point outside the circle. If WAB represents work done by electric field in taking a charge q0 from A to B
and WAC represents the workdone from A to C, then

B
r
q
A
C

(1) WAB > WAC (2) WAB < WAC (3) WAB = WAC  0 (4) WAB = WAC  0
18
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Solution of Assignment Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance 55
Sol. Answer (3)
B
WAB  UB  U A  q0 VB  VA 

WAC  UC  U A  q0 VC  VA  A
As VB – VC C

WAB = WAC

13. Three charged particles having charges q, –2q and q are placed in a line at points (–a, 0), (0,0) and (a, 0)
respectively. The expression for electric potential at P(r, 0) for r >> a is

1 qa 2 1 2qa 2 1 4qa 2 1 8qa 2

(1) (2) (3) (4)
40 r 4 40 r 3 40 r 2 40 r

Sol. Answer (2)

r P
2kp 2kp P1 P2
E1  3
E2  3
⎛ a⎞ ⎛ a⎞
⎜⎝ r  ⎟⎠ ⎜⎝ r  ⎠⎟ –2q q E1 E2
2 2 q
2kp 2kp
E2  E1  3
 3
⎛ a⎞ ⎛ a⎞
⎜⎝ r  ⎟⎠ ⎜⎝ r  ⎟⎠
2 2

⎡ ⎤
⎢ ⎥
2kp ⎢ 1 1 ⎥

r 3 ⎢⎛ a⎞
3
⎛ a⎞ ⎥
3

⎢ ⎜1  ⎟ ⎜⎝ 1  ⎟⎠ ⎥
⎣⎝ 2r ⎠ 2r ⎦

2kp ⎡ 3a ⎛ 3a ⎞ ⎤
1  ⎜1  ⎟ ⎥
r 3 ⎢⎣ 2r ⎝ 2r ⎠ ⎦

2kp ⎡ 3a ⎤
r 3 ⎢⎣ r ⎥⎦
3
6 kpa 6 pa 3 pa
E   
r4 2 4  0 r 4
2  0 r 4

 kp kp kp ⎡ 2a 2a ⎤ 2kpa
V    1  1 
⎛ a⎞
2
⎛ a⎞
2
r 2 ⎢⎣ 2r 2r ⎥⎦ r3
⎜⎝ r  ⎟⎠ ⎜⎝ r  ⎟⎠
2 2

14. Two metal spheres A and B of radii a & b (a < b) respectively are at a large distance apart. Each sphere carries a
charge of 100 C. The spheres are connected by a conducting wire, then
(1) Charge will flow from A to B (2) Charge will flow from B to A
(3) No charge flows in the wire (4) All charges will reside on the connecting wire
Sol. Answer (1)
k 100  k 100
VA  VB 
a b
a<b
Va > VB
Charge flows from A to B. 19
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56 Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance Solution of Assignment

15. Three different dielectrics are filled in a parallel plate capacitor as shown. What should be the dielectric constant
of a material, which when fully filled between the plates produces same capacitance?

A
K1=6 2

K2=3
K3=6
A
2
d d
2 2

(1) 4 (2) 6 (3) 5 (4) 9

Sol. Answer (3)

6 A 0 3 A 0
C1   A
2d d 6
2
A 0
C2  A
⎛ d⎛ 1⎞ d ⎛ 1⎞ ⎞ 3 6
2⎜d  ⎜1  ⎟  ⎜1  ⎟ ⎟ 2
⎝ 2⎝ 3⎠ 2 ⎝ 6⎠ ⎠

A 0
C2 
⎛d d ⎞
2⎜  ⎟
⎝ 6 12 ⎠

A 0
C2 
⎛d⎞
2⎜ ⎟
⎝ 4⎠

2A 0
C2 
d

5A 0
C  C1  C2 
d

16. Consider a sphere of radius R having charge q uniformly distributed inside it. At what minimum distance from its
surface the electric potential is half of the electric potential at its centre?

R 4R R
(1) R (2) (3) (4)
2 3 3
Sol. Answer (4)

3kQ
VC 
2R

kQ 3kQ q
VS  
Rx 4R R
4R = 3R + 3x
3x = R

R
x
3
20
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Solution of Assignment Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance 57
17. There are two identical capacitors, the first one is uncharged and filled with a dielectric of constant K while the
other one is charged to potential V having air between its plates. If two capacitors are joined end to end, the
common potential will be

V KV KV V
(1) (2) (3) (4)
K 1 K 1 K 1 K 1
Sol. Answer (4)
KC
KC  0   CV
V 
KC  C
CV
V 
Cl  K C, V
V
V 
l K

18. Seven identical plates each of area A and successive separation d are arranged as shown in figures.
The effective capacitance of the system between P & Q is

P Q

7 0 A 6 0 A 5 0 A 3 0 A
(1) (2) (3) (4)
d d d d
Sol. Answer (2)
Q

1
2 12 23 34 45 56 67
P 3 Q
4
5
6
7

P
All are in parallel

6 A 0
C net  6C 
d

19. In a certain region of space, variation of potential with distance from origin as we move along x-axis is given
by V = 8x2 + 2, where x is the x-coordinate of a point in space. The magnitude of electric field at a point
(– 4, 0) is
(1) – 16 V/m (2) 16 V/m (3) – 64 V/m (4) 64 V/m
Sol. Answer (4)
V = 8x2 + 2
dV
Ex   16 x
dx
x = –4
Ex = 64 V/m
21
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58 Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance Solution of Assignment

20. Four charges +q, –q, +q, –q are placed in order on the four consecutive corners of a square of side L. The
work done in inter changing the position of any two neighbouring charges of the opposite sign is

(1)
q2
40L

–4  2  (2)
q2
40L

42 2  (3)
q2
40L

4–2 2  (4)
q2
40L
4 2 
Sol. Answer (3)
+q –q q –q
4kq 2 2kq 2
U1  
a a 2

2kq 2
U2 
a 2
–q +q q –q
2 2
4kq 4kq
U  U2  U1   
a 2 a

kq 2 ⎡⎣ 4  2 2 ⎤⎦
W
a

21. The charge q is fired towards another charged particle Q which is fixed, with a speed v. It approaches Q upto
a closest distance r and then returns. If q were given a speed 2v, the closest distance of approach would be
v
r
q Q
r r
(1) r (2) 2r (3) (4)
2 4
Sol. Answer (4)
v
1 kqQ
mv 2 
2 r q Q
1 kqQ
m  2v  
2

2 r
1 r

4 r
r
r 
4

22. Three charges are placed along x-axis at x = – a, x = 0 and x = a as shown in the figure. The potential energy
of the system is
(q ) –q ( q)
x = –a x=0 x=a

⎛ 1 ⎞ q2 ⎛ 1 ⎞ 3q 2 ⎛ 1 ⎞ q2 ⎛ 1 ⎞ 3q 2
(1) – ⎜ (2) – ⎜ (3)  ⎜ (4)  ⎜
⎝ 4 0 ⎟⎠ a ⎝ 4 0 ⎟⎠ 2a ⎝ 4 0 ⎟⎠ a ⎝ 4 0 ⎟⎠ 2a

Sol. Answer (2)

 kq 2 kq 2 ka 2 q –q q
U  
a a 2a x = –a x=0 x=a

3kq 2
U
2a 22
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Solution of Assignment Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance 59
23. Find the charge on capacitor C3
C1 C2

C3 C4

V
Given, that C1 = C2 = C and C3 = C4 = 3C.

3 CV
(1) CV (2) (3) 3CV (4) 2CV
2 2

Sol. Answer (1)

q1 C1 C2
Cnet  2C
C C
q = 2CV 3C 3C
q2 C3 C4
q1 1

q2 3 V

3q1 = q2
q1 + q2 = 2CV
CV
q1 
2
3CV
q2 
2

24. If initial charge on all the capacitors were zero, work done by the battery in the circuit shown is

4 F 4 F

2 F

10 V
(1) 0.2 mJ (2) 200 mJ (3) 0.4 mJ (4) 400 mJ
Sol. Answer (3)
Cnet = 4F 4 F 4 F
q = 40 F 2 F
W = qV = 40 × 10–6 × 10
10 V
W = 400 J

25. While working on a physics project at school physics lab, you require a 4 F capacitor in a circuit across a
potential difference of 1 kV. Unfortunately, 4 F capacitors are out of stock in your lab but 2 F capacitors
which can withstand a potential difference of 400 V are available in plenty. If you decide to use the 2 F
capacitors in place of 4 F capacitor, minimum number of capacitors required are
(1) 16 (2) 18 (3) 20 (4) 12
23
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60 Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance Solution of Assignment

Sol. Answer (2)

2
CAB 
3 A B
2
4 3
Total number of benches  6
2
Total number of capacitors = 6 × 3 = 18

26. A parallel plate capacitor with air between the plates has a capacitance C. If the distance between the plates
is doubled and the space between the plates is filled with a dielectric of dielectric constant 6, then the
capacitance will become
C C
(1) 3C (2) (3) 12C (4)
3 6
Sol. Answer (1)
A 0
C
d
6 A 0 2 A 0
C  
2d d
C = 3C

27. A capacitor of capacitance C is charged with the help of a 200 V battery. It is then discharged through a small
coil of resistance wire embedded in a thermally insulated block of specific heat capacity 2.5 × 102 J/kg and
mass 0.1 kg. If the temperature of the block rises by 0.4 K, the value of C is
(1) 500 F (2) 500 F (3) 50 F (4) 50 F
Sol. Answer (2)
1
 C   200  2.5  102  0.1  0.4
2

2
2  104 C  1  10
1
C  500 F
2  103

28. Electric charges having same magnitude of electric charge 'q ' coulombs are placed at x = 1 m, 2 m, 4 m,
8m ....... so on. If any two consecutive charges have opposite sign but the first charge is necessarily positive,
what will be the potential at x = 0?
1 ⎛ 2q ⎞ 1
(1) Infinity (2) Zero (3) ⎜ ⎟ (4) 4  2q 
4 0 ⎝ 3 ⎠ 0

Sol. Answer (3)

kq kq kq kq q –q q
    ......
1 2 4 8 x=0 1 2 3 4
⎡ 1 1 1 ⎤
kq ⎢1     .....⎥
⎣ 2 4 8 ⎦
kq.1
V
⎛ 1⎞
1 ⎜ ⎟
⎝ 2⎠
2kq
V
3 24
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Solution of Assignment Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance 61
29. A pellet carrying a charge of 0.5 coulomb is accelerated through a potential of 2000 volts. It attains some kinetic
energy equal to
(1) 1000 erg (2) 1000 joule (3) 1000 kWh (4) 500 erg
Sol. Answer (2)
KE = qV
KE = (0.5) (2000) = 1000 J

30. A cylindrical capacitor has two co-axial cylinders of length 20 cm and radii 2r and r. Inner cylinder is given a
charge 10 C and outer cylinder a charge of –10 C. The potential difference between the two cylinders will
be
0.1 In 2 In 2 10 In 2 0.01 In 2
(1) mV (2) 4 m V (3) mV (4) mV
4 0 0 4 0 4 0
Sol. Answer (1)

2  0 l
C 
⎛ b⎞
ln ⎜ ⎟
⎝ a⎠

⎛ 20 ⎞
2  0 ⎜
⎝ 100 ⎟⎠
C
ln 2

10  106 ln3
V 
⎛ 20 ⎞
20 ⎜
⎝ 100 ⎟⎠

10 4 ln2
V 
4 0

0.1ln2
V  mV
40

31. A charge q is distributed uniformly on the surface of a sphere of radius R. It is covered by a concentric hollow
conducting sphere of radius 2R. Charge on the outer surface of the hollow sphere will be, if it is earthed

q
(1) (2) 2q (3) 4q (4) Zero
2
Sol. Answer (4)
If outer surface is earthed its charge becomes 0.
32. There exists an electric field of magnitude E in x-direction. If the work done in moving a charge of 0.2 C through
a distance of 2 m along a line making an angle 60° with x-axis is 4 J, then the value of E is

(1) 3 N/C (2) 4 N/C (3) 5 N/C (4) 20 N/C

Sol. Answer (4)

E
W = qEd cos

1
4   0.2  E  2 
2
E = 20 N/C
25
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62 Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance Solution of Assignment

  ⎛ V ⎞
33. In a region of space, suppose there exists a uniform electric field E  1 0 iˆ ⎜ . If a positive charge moves
⎝ m ⎟⎠

with a velocity v  –2 jˆ, its potential energy

(1) Increases (2) Decreases

(3) Does not change (4) Initially increases then decreases
Sol. Answer (3)
>

2 j

E = 10

As charge moves perpendicular to E , no change in energy occurs.


34. ABC is a right angled triangle situated in a uniform electric field E which is in the plane of the triangle. The
points A and B are at the same potential of 15 V while the point C is at a potential of 20 V. AB = 3cm and
BC = 4 cm. The magnitude of electric field is (in S.I. Units)

3 cm

B 4 cm C

(1) 100 (2) 125 (3) 167 (4) 208

Sol. Answer (2) 15 V

⎛ 4 ⎞
5  E⎜ 3
⎝ 100 ⎟⎠

20 V
E = 125 N/C 15 V 4

35. A hollow spherical conductor of radius r potential of 100 V at its outer surface. The potential inside the hollow
r
at a distance of from its centre is
2
(1) 100 V (2) 50 V (3) 200 V (4) Zero
Sol. Answer (1)
Inside the conductor, the field is 0 and potential is constant V = 100 V.

36. A spherical conductor having charge q and radius r is placed at the centre of a spherical shell of radius R
and having charge Q (R > r). The potential difference between the two is
(1) Proportional to Q (2) Proportional to q
(3) Dependent on both Q and q (4) Independent of both Q and q
Sol. Answer (2)
R
⎡1 1 ⎤ r
VA  VB  kq ⎢  ⎥
⎣r R ⎦

V  q q
26
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Solution of Assignment Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance 63
37. The work which is required to be done to make an arrangement of four particles each having a charge +q such
that the particles lie at the four corners of a square of side a is

(1)  4 2  kq 2
a
(2) 4
kq 2
a
(3)  2 2  kq 2
a
(4) 2
kq 2
a
q q
Sol. Answer (1)

4kq 2 2kq 2
U 
a a 2
W=U q q

38. The net capacitance of a system of capacitance as shown in the figure between points A and B is

1 F 1 F

A B
1 F
1 F 1 F

(1) 1 F (2) 2 F (3) 3 F (4) 4 F

Sol. Answer (2)
1 1
It is balanced W.S.B
1
Cnet = 2 F
A B

1 1

27
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Concept of Electric Potential and i­ ntensity of electric field and potential at point x = 0 due
Potential Energy to these charges are, respectively,
(1) (12 × 109 )Q N C−1, 18 × 109Q V
Level 1 (2) zero, 12 × 109 Q V
54. Given figure shows the lines of constant potential in a (3) (6 × 109 )Q N C−1, 9 × 109Q V
­region in which an electric field is present. The magni- (4) ( 4 × 109 )Q N C−1, 6 × 109Q V
tude of electric field is maximum at
61. A conducting sphere of radius R is given a charge Q.
20 V Consider three points B at the surface, point A at centre
A and C at a distance R/2 from the centre. The electric
B potential at these points are such that
(1) VA = VB = VC (2) VA = VB ≠ VC
50 V (3) VA ≠ VB ≠ VC (4) VA ≠ VB = VC
C
40 V 30 V 62. Three charged particles are initially in position 1. They
are free to move and they come in position 2 after
(1) A (2) B some time. Let U1 and U2 be the electrostatics potential
(3) C (4) Equal at A, B and C energies in position 1 and 2. Then
55. A conductor with a positive charge (1) U1 > U2 (2) U2 > U1
(1) is always at positive potential. (3) U1 = U2 (4) U2 ≥ U1
(2) is always at zero potential. 63. Three charges Q, +q and +q are placed at the vertices of
(3) is always at negative potential. a right angle triangle (isosceles triangle) as shown. The
(4) may be at positive, zero or negative potential. net electrostatic energy of the configuration is zero if Q is
56. Two charges + q and − q are situated at a certain equal to
­distance. At the point exactly midway between them Q

(1) electric field and potential both are zero.

(2) electric field is zero but potential is not zero.
(3) electric field is not zero but potential is zero.
(4) neither electric field nor potential is zero.

57. Equal charges are given to two conducting spheres of +q +q

different radii. The potential will a

(1) be more on the smaller sphere. −q −2q

(1) (2)
(2) be more on the bigger sphere. 1+ 2 2+ 2
(3) be equal on both the spheres. (3) –2q (4) +q
(4) depend on the nature of the materials of the spheres.
64. Charges q1 = + 2 × 10−8C and q2 = – 0.4 × 10−8C are shown
58. Which of the following is/are independent of reference in the figure. A charge q3 = 0.2 × 10−8C moved along the
frame? arc of a circle from C to D. The potential energy of q3
(1) Electric potential q3
(2) Electric potential energy
(3) Electric potential difference C
(4) None of these

59. Ten electrons are equally spaced and fixed around a ­circle
80 cm

of radius R. Relative to V = 0 at infinity, the e

­ lectrostatic
potential V and the electric field E at the centre C are
  A B
(1) V ≠ 0 and E ≠ 0. (2) V ≠ 0 and E = 0. D
  q1 60 cm q2 q3
(3) V = 0 and E = 0. (4) V = 0 and E ≠ 0.
80 cm

(1) increases approximately by 76%.

Level 2
(2) decreases approximately by 76%.
60. Infinite charges are lying at x = 1 m, 2 m, 4 m, 8 m, … (3) remains same.
on x-axis and the value of each charge is Q. The value of (4) increases approximately by 12%.
28
Chapter 14.indd 599 02/07/20 9:41 PM
65. A point charge q is placed at a distance of r from the cen-
θ = 45°
tre of an uncharged conducting sphere of radius R (<r). mg
θ E= q
The potential at any point on the sphere is
m
1 q
(1) zero (2) ⋅ m
4pe 0 r +q

1 qR 1 qr 2 g 2g
(3) ⋅ (4) ⋅ (1) (2)
4pe 0 r 2 4pe 0 R l l

66. A charge Q is distributed over two concentric hollow (2) 3g (4) 5g

spheres of radii r and ( R > r ) such that the surface densi- l l
ties are equal. The potential at the common centre is 70. Two identical particles of mass m carry a charge Q each.
Q( R 2 + r 2 ) Q Initially one is at rest on a smooth horizontal plane and
(1) (2) the other is projected along the plane directly towards
4pe 0( R + r ) R +r
first particle from a large distance with speed v. The
Q( R + r ) closest distance of approach is
(3) zero (4)
4pe 0( R 2 + r 2 )
1 Q2 1 4Q 2
(1) (2)
67. A solid conducting sphere having a charge Q is sur- 4πε 0 mv 4πε 0 mv 2
rounded by an uncharged concentric conducting hollow 1 2Q 2 1 3Q 2
spherical shell. Let the potential difference between the (3) (4)
4πε 0 mv 2 4πε 0 mv 2
surface of the solid sphere and that of the outer surface
of the hollow shell be V. If the shell is now given a charge 71. A conducting liquid bubble of radius a and thickness
of –3Q, the new potential difference between the two t (t << a) is charged to potential V. If the bubble collapses
surfaces is to a droplet, find the potential on the droplet.
1/3 1/2
(1) V (2) 6V a a
(1) V ′ =   V (2) V ′ =   V
(3) 4V (4) –2V  3t  t 
1/3 1/2
68. Three concentric metallic spheres A, B and C have  3a  a
(3) V ′ =   V (4) V ′ =   V
radii a, b and c (a < b < c ) and surface charge densities  t   2t 
on them are s ,− s and s , respectively. The valves of V A
72. A charged particle of charge Q is held fixed and another
and VB is
charged particle of mass m and charge q (of the same
C sign) is released from a distance r. The impulse of the
B force exerted by the external agent on the fixed charge by
A b c
the time distance between Q and q becomes 2r is
σ σ σ a Qq Qqm
(1) (2)
4πε 0mr 4πε 0r

Qqm Qqm
(3) (4)
s s  a2  πε 0r 2πε 0r
(1) (a − b − c ),  − b + c 
e0 e0  b 
73. A bullet of mass m and charge q is fired towards a solid
a2 uniformly charged sphere of radius R and total charge
(2) (a − b − c ),
c +q. If it strikes the surface of sphere with speed u, find the
minimum speed u so that it can penetrate through the
e0 e  a2 
(3) (a − b − c ), 0  − b + c  sphere. (Neglect all resistance forces or friction acting on
s s c 
bullet except electrostatic forces)
s  a2 b2  s q
(4) − + c  , (a − b + c )
e 0  c c  e0 + +
++ + +
+q u + ++
++ ++
m + +
Level 3 + R + ++
+++
69. In space of horizontal electric field (E = (mg)/q) exist as
q 3q
shown in figure and a mass m attached at the end of a (1) (2)
light rod. If mass m is released from the position shown 2πε 0mR 4πε 0mR
in figure. Find the angular velocity of the rod when it q q
passes through the bottom most position. (3) (4)
8πε 0mR 4πε 0mR
29
Chapter 14.indd 600 02/07/20 9:41 PM
 q q 2q 78. An electron enters in high potential region V2 from ­lower
74. Consider a system of three charges , and − placed
3 3 3 potential region V1 then its velocity
at points A, B and C, respectively, as shown in the figure.
(1) will increase.
Take O to be the centre of the circle of radius R and angle
(2) will change in direction but not in magnitude.
CAB = 60° as shown in the figure:
(3) no change in direction of field.
y (4) no change in direction perpendicular to field.
B 79. Figure shows three points A, B and C in a region of

­uniform electric field E . The line AB is perpendicular
C and BC is parallel to the field lines. Then which of the
x
O
60° following holds good. Where VA, VB and VC represent the
electric potential at points A, B and C, respectively
A
A
q
(1) The electric field at point O is directed along
8πε 0 R 2
the negative x-axis.
(2) The potential energy of the system is zero. B C
(3) The magnitude of the force between the charges at C
q2 (1) V A = VB = VC (2) V A = VB > VC
and B is .
54πε 0 R 2 (3) V A = VB < VC (4) V A > VB = VC
q
(4) The potential at point O is .
12πε 0 R
80. The electric field at the origin is along the positive ­x-axis.
Relation Between Electric Field and A small circle is drawn with the centre at the origin ­cutting
Electric Potential the axes at points A, B, C and D having coordinates (a, 0),
(0, a), (–a, 0), 0, –a), respectively. Out of the points on the
Level 1 ­ ­
periphery of the circle, the potential is minimum at

75. In a certain charge distribution, all points having zero (1) A (2) B
potential can be joined by a circle S. Points inside S have (3) C (4) D
positive potential and points outside S have negative
Level 2
­potential. A positive charge, which is free to move, is
placed inside S. 81. In xy-coordinate system, if potential at a point
(1) It will remain in equilibrium. P(x, y) is given by V = axy , where a is a constant, if r is
(2) It can move inside S, but it cannot cross S. the ­distance of point P from origin then electric field at P
(3) It must cross S at some time. is proportional to
(4) It may move, but will ultimately return to its starting (1) r (2) r −1
point. (3) r −2 (4) r 2
76. If we know electric field at any point, then which of 82. The electric potential V is given as a function of distance
the following we can calculate without any other x (m) by V = (5x2 + 10x – 9) V. The value of electric field at
information? x = 1 m is
(1) Potential at that point. (1) –20 V m−1 (2) 6 V m−1
(2) Potential at other point. (3) 11 V m−1 (4) –23 V m−1
(3) Both (1) and (2).
(4) None of (1) and(2). 83. A uniform electric field having a magnitude E0 and
­direction along the positive x-axis exists. If the electric
77. A table tennis ball which has been covered with conduct- potential V, is zero at X = 0, then, its value at X = +x is
ing paint is suspended by a silk thread so that it hangs
(1) V(x) = +xE0 (2) V(x) = – xE0
between two plates, out of which one is earthed and other
(3) V(x) = x2E0 (4) V(x) = – x2E0
is connected to a high voltage generator. This ball
(1) is attracted towards high voltage plate and stays there. 84. If the potential function is given by V = 4x + 3y, then the
(2) hangs without moving. magnitude of electric field intensity at the point (2, 1) (in
(3) swings backwards and forwards hitting each plate in N C-1) is
turn. (1) 11 (2) 5
(4) is attracted to earthed plate and stays there. (3) 7 (4) 1
30
Chapter 14.indd 601 02/07/20 9:41 PM
85. The variation of potential with distance R from a fixed y
point is as shown below. The electric field at R = 5m is
3λ

5
602
x
Potential (V)
4
2λ
3 λ
z
2
(1) ( 3λ ln 2)/2πε 0 (2) (λ ln 2)/πε 0
1
(3) ( 2λ ln 2)/πε 0 (4) None of these
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
90. In a certain region of space the potential is given by
Distance, R (m)
V = k( 2 x 2 − y 2 + z 2 ). The electric field at the point
(1) 2.5 V m−1 (2) – 2.5 V m−1 (1, 1, 1) has magnitude =
2 2 −1
(1) k 6 (2) 2k 3
(3) V m −1 (4) − V m
5 5 (3) 2k 6 (4) 4k 3

91. Uniform electric field of magnitude 100 V m−1 in space

Level 3 is directed along the line y = 3 + x. Find the potential
86. An infinite non-conducting sheet of charge has a surface difference between points A (3, 1) and B (1, 3).
charge density of 10−7 C m−2. The separation between two (1) 100 V (2) 200 2 V
equipotential surfaces near the sheet whose potential (3) 200 V (4) 0
differ by 5 V is
92. A non-conducting ring of radius 0.5 m carries a total
(1) 0.88 cm charge of 1.11 × 10−10 C distributed non-uniformly on its

(2) 0.88 mm circumference producing an electric field E everywhere
(3) 0.88 m l =0  
(4) 5 × 10−7 m in space. The value of the line integral ∫ − E ⋅ dl (l = 0
l =∞
being centre of the ring) in volts is
87. In a uniform electric field, the potential is 10 V at the
origin of coordinates, and 8 V at each of the points (1, 0, 0), (1) +2 (2) −1
(0, 1, 0) and (0, 0, 1). The potential at the point (1, 1, 1) (3) −2 (4) zero
will be
Work Done in External Electric Field and
(1) 0 (2) 4 V
(3) 8 V (4) 10 V Equipotential Surface

88. A uniform electric field having strength E is existing in Level 1
x-y plane as shown in figure. Find the potential difference
93. The points resembling equal potentials are
between origin O and A(d, d, 0).
S
y E
0)
, d, P Q
A(d

θ R
x
O
z
(1) P and Q (2) S and Q
(3) S and R (4) P and R
(1) − Ed(cosθ + sin θ )
94. In the following figure, the work done in moving a point
(2) Ed(sin θ − cosθ )
charge from point P to point A, B and C is, respectively, as
(3) 2Ed WA, WB and WC, then
(4) None of these
C A P
89. The diagram shows three infinitely long uniform line
charges placed on the x, y and z axis. The work done in
B
moving a unit positive charge from (1, 1, 1) to (0, 1, 1) is
equal to (1) WA = WB = WC (2) WA = WB = WC= 0
(3) WA > WB> WC (4) WA < WB < WC
31
Chapter 14.indd 602 02/07/20 9:41 PM
95. Equipotential surfaces associated with an electric field a line making an angle 60° with the x-axis is 4 J, what is
which is increasing in magnitude along the x-direction the value of E?
are (1) 4 N C −1 (2) 8 N C −1
(1) planes parallel to yz-plane.
(3) 3 N C −1 (4) 20 N C −1
(2) planes parallel to xy-plane.
(3) planes parallel to xz-plane. 100. The following figure shows lines of constant potential
(4) coaxial cylinders of increasing radii around the in an electric field. Out of the three given points P, Q,
x-axis. and R, where is the electric field intensity is maximum
and minimum, respectively?
96. There are two equipotential surface as shown in the
figure. The distance between them is r. The charge of –q 
coulomb is taken from the surface A to B, the resultant
work done will be
R P

V2
40 V
Q
30 V
r B 20 V V1 > V2
A 10 V

(1) Q, R (2) P, R
(3) R, P (4) R, Q

101. A point charge q moves from point A to point D along the

1 q 1 q
(1) W = (2) W = path ABCD in a uniform electric field. If the coordinates
4pe o r 4pe 0 r 2
of the points A, B, C and D are (a, b, 0), (2a, 0, 0), (a, – b, 0)
1 q and (0, 0, 0) then the work done by the electric field in
(3) W = − (4) W = zero
4pe 0 r 2 this process is
(1) –qEa (2) zero
Level 2 qEa
(3) 2E(a + b)q (4)
2b
97. Some equipotential surfaces are shown in the figure. The
102. Charges +q and −q are placed at points A and B,
magnitude and direction of the electric field is
respectively, which are a distance 2L apart, C is the
y 20 V 30 V 40 V midpoint between A and B. The work done in moving a
charge +Q along the semicircle CRD is
R

θ θ θ θ
x (cm)
10 20 30

A C B D
θ = 30° qQ qQ
(1) (2)
(1) 100 V m−1 that makes angle 120° with x-axis. 4pe 0 L 2pe 0 L
(2) 100 V m−1 that makes angle 60° with x-axis. qQ qQ
(3) 200 V m−1 that makes angle 120° with x-axis. (3) (4) −
6pe 0 L 6pe 0 L
(4) None of these.

98. A charge –q and another charge +Q are kept at two points Level 3
A and B, respectively. Keeping the charge +Q fixed at B, 103. Two identical thin rings each of radius R, are coaxially
the charge –q at A is moved to another point C such that placed a distance R apart. If Q1 and Q2 are, respectively,
ABC forms an equilateral triangle of side l. The net work the charges uniformly spread on the two rings, the work
done in moving the charge –q is done in moving a charge q from the centre of one ring
1 Qq 1 Qq to that of the other is
(1) (2)
4pe 0 l 4pe 0 l 2
q(Q1 − Q2 )( 2 − 1)
(1) Zero (2)
1 4pe 0 R 2
(3) Qql (4) Zero
4pe 0
Q 
q  1  ( 2 − 1)
99. There is an electric field E in x-direction. If the work done q(Q1 + Q2 ) 2  Q2 
in moving a charge 0.2 C through a distance of 2 m along (3) (4)
4pe 0 R 4pe 0 R 2
32
Chapter 14.indd 603 02/07/20 9:41 PM
104. Four equal charge Q are placed at the four corners of a
body of side ‘a’ each. Work done in removing a charge
– Q from its centre to infinity is
604 2Q 2
(1) 0 (2)
4πε 0a

2Q 2 Q2
(3) (4)
πε 0a 2πε 0a
105. Some equipotential surfaces are shown in the figure.
The magnitude and direction of the electric field is
y 20 V 30 V 40 V

θ θ θ θ
x
10 20 30
(cm)

θ = 30°

(1) 100 V m−1 making angle 120° with the x-axis.

(2) 100 V m−1 making angle 60° with the x-axis.
(3) 200 V m−1 making angle 120° with the x-axis.
(4) None of the above

106. A particle of mass 2 g and charge 1 µC is held at a

distance of 1 metre from a fixed charge of 1 mC. If the
particle is released it will be repelled. The speed of
the particle when it is at a distance of 10 metres from
the fixed charge is
(1) 100 m s–1 
(2) 90 m s–1
(3) 60 m s–1
(4) 45 m s–1

33
Chapter 14.indd 604 02/07/20 9:42 PM