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Inv Trigo Function Integration

This document discusses integrals that yield inverse trigonometric functions. It provides formulas for integrals of the form ∫dx/a2-x2 and ∫dx/a2+x2 which yield inverse sine and tangent functions. It then works through 4 examples of applying these formulas to evaluate definite integrals involving inverse trigonometric substitutions. The examples demonstrate completing the square, rewriting integrals as the sum of simpler integrals, and using trigonometric integral formulas. Exercises are provided at the end to solve additional integrals of this type.

Uploaded by

Matthew Jordan
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© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
47 views

Inv Trigo Function Integration

This document discusses integrals that yield inverse trigonometric functions. It provides formulas for integrals of the form ∫dx/a2-x2 and ∫dx/a2+x2 which yield inverse sine and tangent functions. It then works through 4 examples of applying these formulas to evaluate definite integrals involving inverse trigonometric substitutions. The examples demonstrate completing the square, rewriting integrals as the sum of simpler integrals, and using trigonometric integral formulas. Exercises are provided at the end to solve additional integrals of this type.

Uploaded by

Matthew Jordan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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2/13/2023

Integrals Yielding Inverse


Trigonometric Functions
Dolfus G. Miciano

Differentiation vs Integration Processes:


Inverse Trigonometric Functions
Differentiation: Reversing Integration:
1 1 process
D x (sin u )   D x (u ) •∫ 𝑑𝑢 = sin 𝑢
1  u2
1
D x (tan 1 u )   D x (u )
1  u2 •∫ 𝑑𝑢 = tan 𝑢
2/13/2023

Formulas: Integrals Yielding Inverse


Trigonometric Functions
•∫ = sin +C •∫ = cos +C

•∫ = tan +C •∫ = cot +C

•∫ = s𝑒𝑐 +C •∫ = csc +C

Example 1: Solve
Solution: =∫
( )
Recall: ∫ = sin +C
𝑢 = 9𝑥 =∫ = ∫
𝑎 =4
𝑢 = 3𝑥 𝑎=2
𝑑𝑢 = 3𝑑𝑥 = sin +C
𝑑𝑢 = 𝑑𝑥
= sin +C
2/13/2023

Example 2: Solve
Solution: Completing the square:
Factoring, ∫ = 2
𝑥 − 𝑥+
5
Add and
3 3 subtract 1/9

=𝑥 − 𝑥+ + −
Recall:
= Factor the
trinomial

∫ = tan +C = 𝑥− + and
combine
fractions

𝑢 = (𝑥 − ) =  tan +C
𝑎 =
𝑢=𝑥− 𝑎=
=  tan +C = tan + C
𝑑𝑢 = 𝑑𝑥

Example 3: Solve
Completing the square

•∫ =∫ +∫ 𝑥 + 2𝑥 + 5
= 𝑥 +2𝑥 + 1 + 4
Rewrite 5

Factor
=(𝑥 + 1) + 4 trinomial

Rewrite: 2x+7 = 2x+2 +5 =∫ + 5∫ 𝑢 = (𝑥 + 1) 𝑎 =4


𝑢=𝑥+1 𝑎=2
𝑣 =𝑥 + 2𝑥 + 5
1 𝑢
𝑑𝑣 = (2x+2) 𝑑𝑥 =ln |𝑣| + 5 tan
𝑎 𝑎
+C du = dx

=ln 𝑥 + 2𝑥 + 5 + tan + C
2/13/2023

Example 4: Solve
( )
Recall:
•6∫ =6∫
( ) ( ) ( ) ∫ = s𝑒𝑐 +C

Completing the square:


= - 6∫
𝑥 − 4𝑥 +3
= 𝑥 −4𝑥 + 𝟒 − 𝟏
1 𝑢
= (𝑥 − 2) − 1 = −6 sec +C
𝑎 𝑎
→ 𝑢 = (𝑥 − 2) 𝑎 =1
=−6sec (𝑥 − 2) + C
𝑢=𝑥−2 𝑎=1

Exercises: Solve the following integrals

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