,

50 ROBOTS
t o Dra w and Pai nt
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50 ROBOTS
to Draw and Paint
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A QUARTO BOOK

50 ROBOTS TO DRAW ANO PAI NT INTRODUCTION 6

Copyrigh t @ 2oo6QUARTO PUBlISHI NGPLC

Inspiration 8
Pu blished jn 200 6 by:
Page One Publishing P nve te Limite<:! Drawing and Research 10
20 Kaki Bukit V iew. Kaki Bukit Te<hpork 11, Singopot'e 41 S9S6
Te!: (6 S) 6742-2088. reoc(6 S) 6744·2088 Working Traditionally 12
[email protected]

Working Digitally 14
Drstnbu ted by:
Page One Publlshing Privote Lim it ed Artistic Rendering 16
20 Kaki Bukit View. Kaki Bukit Techpork 11. Singopore 4159 56
Tel: (6S) 674 2-2088. Ñu : (6 S) 6744 ·2088 Rendering Materia/s 18
Firn published 2006 by Quorto Publishing pie The Whole Pracess 22
Iext copyrigh t () 2006 Quorlo Publishmg pk Deveioplng Your Ideas 26
Im oges copyright @ 2006 Quort o Pub lishing pk , un less c therwise sto ted
(see poge 128 )
Oesign ond la yout copyr ight @ 2006 Quorto Pub lishing pie

NUTS&BOLTS 28
ISBN 981· 245-)46·6

Joints and Movement 30

QUAR.FRO

Bits and Widgets 32

AlI rights reserved. No port of this publication moy be reproduced. stored
in o rel rieval system or I ronsmitted in ony form or by ony mec ns. At tachments and
etectronlc or m ecbcorcct, phot ocopying. recording. or o t herwise. w it hou t
th e permission o f the copyright holder. Embeilishments 34
Conc~. designe<! ond produce<! by
QuorIO Publishing pie, The 0kI Br...-y Miiitary Attachments 36
6 BIuodelI seeet. london N7 9BH

proj ect edítcrs: Trisha Telep, Lindsoy Koubi

ort ed it or ond design: Cloire Von Rhyn
cc py editor: Chris Middleton
ossistClnt ort dtrectce: Penny Cobb
picture researche r: Claud io rete
proofreader: Ovistine VoU9hon
indelt er: Pomelo Ellis

art di rector: Moiro Clinch

publ isher: Po ul Corsloke

Monufoctured by u ooerscr Grophics PTE u c. Singapore

PTinled by Stor Standard I ndustrieS PTE l td, Singopore

9876543 21
ROBOT FOUNDRY 38 Medved Production Type 62 Martia! Quefler 100
Basic robots ~o TA5-21 Needle 6~ Encyclical PUfger 102
Emule ~2 M24 Hausen 66 Orbital Delegate 10~

Adiuvo ~3 Organie General-Use So/dier 68 Bounty Hunter 5HK 300 106

Mankeybat ~~ Hephaestus' Anvif 70 Samurai Guard 108
PAH558 ~5 MKI: Maln Battle Walker 72 Assistant robots 110
Prototype Haver Robot ~6 Subhunter 7~ Ad/uvo Mark IV 112
Fattybot ~7 Elektrogrod 76 Karakuri 11~

Manta ~8 Urban robots 78 The Golem 116

Mifitary lncursion Robot ~9 Nanobot 80 Witch Puppet 118
Predator 50 Poaory-tme Worker 82 Gentleman Gardener 120
Wheel- E 51 Indutex Urban-Renewal Bot 8~ Oomestic Angel 122
Greenbat 52 519 5yr/nge 5a/nt 86 Marine Explorer Robot 12~

Setuine! 53 Grunter 88
Dod/ 5~ Nakatom/ C1erk 90 Index 126
Brainbot 55 Off World Trader 92 Credits 128
Military robots 56 Law & arder robots 9~

Brass uon 58 5teel Lotus Tank Caimer 96

Panzerfluch Ausf G 60 The Exterminator 98
 NTRODUCTION
In 1921 Karel Capek wrote the play RU.R m which he took
the Czech word 'robota', meanmg 'enslaved labour', and adapted
it, crea tmg the term 'robot' We live m a time m Wh1Ch robots
are becommg pervastve, and yet the robot is still prrmer-ilv
regarded as existinq m th e domain of scrence nction Robots
are unique in this respeet, straddling the realms of fantasy
and reality. Although they exist m our world, the word 'robot'
tends to immedtatelv conjure up unoresstons of tuturistíc
technology or tantastical alchermcal acmevernents
This book is an expansive reference for both beginner
and expenencec arnsts interested in creatmg their- own
robot art. To start, the book details robot-art bastes,
glVmg you a tarmnentv with general techmques and
approaches that can be re adily applied to most types of art.
Many of the robots have been created byartists
oth er t han me, with th eir' own opimons and meth ods
Some of th ese ar-ns .s work trad1 tlO nally,
others dig1tally, and some, as 1 do, use
a combmation of t he two While t he
term s and tools may d1ffer, t he ar-tistic
erívice 1S applicebte to any robo t
artwork Oon't be afraid to sirr.plv
copy what you find here

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... Nuts & Bolts
Thrs secnon cxoroms coosuucnon

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and how to ccnceptuonze and
tender ceoetc robot ports,
Jt offers an overvtew of elements
you mcy wlsh to develop

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specmccny for your own robots.
ond u cnsccsses everything from

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joint ero nmb construcnon to

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Sketcnpods ~
Sketcbpcd poges introduce
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subsecnons in the 'Robot
soundry' tsee below). See how
mustrctors oeveco Ideos ond
get them onto puper.

Altemo te vlews ond

roto Uons le t )lOU see t he
pored-dcwn etement s of
eoch robot desig no

..... " ..., ........ The Robot Foundry

J
The eore of the bcok. thrs port describes ond demonstrates

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how to drow ond point SO robots. Thc text ond vs uols guide Ench robot ls brcken down
tnto primitive shcpes. so
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you through the robots ca trsuc constructlon, explolning
• .._ ... you con eosuy see the
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different points olong the woy. vou'll be told whot t be robot ts. bcslc construct lon and

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",---".-. where ond when it exists. ene whot It does. recrecte lt yourself,

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Ois<over t he concept ual

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precess th at went ln to
imaglnlng t he robot and
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deveroplng tts cppecrcnce.

Step-by-step description
of the draw ing and
painting process.
 _ . ~ -

INTROOUCTION

,~:WNSPIR ATION
,

Robots hove always captured peoples' imagi nations. The

al chemists of old were ob sessed with th e idea of th e

homunculus: an art if icia l being created by huma ns; a robot.

The popularity of robots has g rown as we approach the age

wh ere th ey are actually camlng into being.

In any subject, there is a weal t h of a rtwork and creat ivity

avai lable to those willing t o look for it, an d collectin g a body

of inspirati on al material is an a bsolute necessity for th e

practisin g artist. 5imply look ing t hro ug h much-admired art can

op en up th e creati ve pro cess, allowing your id eas to develop in

,
•
011 sorts of fantastical directions.

Novels and short stories olso offe r creative inspiration.

........
=
Reading provides an excellent opport unity to begin visualizing
--
~

and creating iIIustrations to go with the amazing st or ies

you 've just read.

r
USeFUl lIIleBSITeS
Tht>re 's so much useful informotion (o, _ .eatpoo.com
altists on rne Internet that cnrone can all ort site wit h 011 ocli...e ond sIUlled fOfum of ort ist s
do a seorcn on their own ro find a wealth www.cgtalk.com
o( inspiring material ora ¡n(armarion . on-li ne forum Ior th e computer groph iU Indust'y
www.cgchannel.com
onlofM' mogolJfW 01 c~~ glllptlles gnd ~fte:h
www.artlex.com www.sijun.com
thou scn<h of 011 term def,nitio'" and e.amplQs a" in\pi,;ng fOfum of art'~h di<;<:ussinq the;r "'0'\
www.artrenewal.org www.conceptart.org
the Internet 's la'~ ort·l"" lTItI'leUm '\OI'I\e of 1M Int~ 's most Irrlo9inol''<e Q.tiIU
en.wíkipedía.org www·gfxartist.com
a g'eoI place f<x 'eseorchong Y"H": wtl;e<:t mallO!!'
+ +
t tt
www.spectrumfantasticart.com
lile besl in conlem~ora'y fanlaslil; crt
o 9'~ collKllon of ort'$l-monoged on"ne gokfiM
www.epilogue.net I

high 'quo lity site of fantosy c nd sciel'\Ce f ietlo n urt

-+,
,~ .
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'» 1 N S P 11~ATIU N

Zoology
Take msprrotton from soeousts:
occpt toe efficient ene compie«
evoiutoncry structures found In
roture ter use In your robots.

Documentarles
Want te oeveiop a ton k robot?
You snouid probably hove o
rcokal sorne documentaries
featuring existlng tcnks befare
you try to create your own
verseo from scratch.

'"'
1'11 li¡
"." !II'.!lw
i, '
¡II,li
-..= Books
One of the the best scurces
for conceptual mspucncn.
reading books is o funtcsnc
way to exercrse your mental-
veoonzctton musces.

Cinema
With the potenttcl to be the most
inspiring cnd engrossing of 011media.
cinema should oot be ovencoked

Internet
As long os you are prepored to
do sorne thorough secrctunq.
the Internet can be a qreot
source for robots.

Graphlc novels
A gold mine of extremely original robot
reference ero inspirctlon, graphlc novels. as
well as Manga, tend to be exceouonoüy
wej-versoo in rcoonc art.
 IN T R O O U CT I ON

l)D RAIAIIN G AND ReSeARCH

C1assical art schools once st ressed to pu pils that one of th e RE5EARCH
The most ou t landish designs always
best ways t o lea rn to make ort is t o st udy pre-existing a rt oI t' s requlre a beüevcb te grounding in
reality. This ba sic believability add s
0150 true th at sim ple, repetitive pract ice can reap great results. support t o the weird and wonderfu l,
and research is a necessity in sclence
Life drawing is one of the prime staples of art educatio n. ñctíon, Proper resecrch m ethods help
an ar tis t t o form a m ore weü-develcped
Although the drawing of nud e figures may seem t o be visual vocabulary and to creote an
im age lrbrcry from whkh he or she can
somewhat di sconnected from the production of robotic art, it is draw in the future.

a necessity. Yo u will need t o und erstan d th e t hree-dimension al The Internet

Easily the m ost st rea m li ned and
form and its interactlon wit h th e enviro nment in arder to gain efficient resource. often on e can fl nd
almost im medi ately m ore than one
a mastery of rendering st ruct ure in 011 klnds of arto needs. An organized couectton of
bookmarks that grows over t ime can
Mainta ln a consistent portfolio of current ortwork at 011 become a personalized library that t he
artist revisits with fa m iliarit y.
t imes. Aim t o replace yo ur least favourite pieces an d ' clean Applications available f or download or
purchase can allow the c rttst to scve
hous e' occasionally to continually improve your portfolio. whole galleries an d webpages an d
then t o custom ize them a s a unique
Reseorch and explo re new oreas; constantly bombord yourself data ban k fcr reference.

with inspiration from unlikely places. You never know when »One of the best t ools for visual
resecrch ts the im og e secrch engine.
inspirati on will st rike. Always mcke sure t o go throu gh the

'rhe )·0 mod el will olways

l lose so rne of the Hvellness
CREATING of t he or iginol dro.wl ng.
.¡ t:~ Tryto ensureo. .:-_... , ....._~
CHARACTER
5HEET5
deqree of mterest
despite tll is Ios 'r-__ ~

Ir th e robot yau're designing is ¡ntended

{or repeated ese, then it's probably a ,
good idea l o lay down sorne basle
rotations ro cene- understan d us
structure. These ratarions wm give you a
Tererence to tootc back ro when working
on th e robot , ensuring tha( visual
consistency ís mointained. TheY'11a/so
gel you accustomed ro the robot {rom
several angles ond ecve you with a so/id
I J¡j ~ .
m ental impression and undefs~anding ot .~ ~-
the robot fOf {uWrf:' work. Rotarions are Details
help(uf tor animotion and 9roup proj ect The concept sketch should
WOfk: they ef(eaively expkun ro the otways conteo os much
an imaror, O( ro orhers wo rking on the explcrcnoo cnd detcñ os A simple ) ·0 mcx:kup
projec!. ho w the robot mo ves and which possible. Thrs will help the ~",' m ight even be helpful to
oans of the robot can mif! ortransformo modeUer while sculpung. ) ·0 modell ing can oid set up os reference for
you in the hobit of shoding ond poslng. or
thinking of the whole for ttM! persp«tlve in
form of your designs. th e final ortwork.
cdvcnced im ag e search opnon. Set t he Libraries/bookstores
im ag e size t o ' m ediu m ' or ' Iorge '. This A good, image-heavy boo k can
will ensure tha t the results or e usob le give an crtíst immediote cccess
•
as visual referen ce. t o a number of hig h-resolution imag es. •
A f ew good books, as applicabl e
-11's usuoliy o good idea to be overty reference, are t ru ly involuable t o on
speclñc in the seorch field ot f irst ond artist 's work. Alt hough t he tosk of
then to gen erolize if more result s are finding exoctly what one needs can
needed. Try mony di fferent variant s if be both t edious and expensíve. t he
result s are peor. payoff is olways wort h t he hunt.
When a g ood referen ce book ís
_Using +. - and H" m odifiers can help found the ortist has ac qui red a
narrow down the secrch (see the resourc e t hct can be ccnsístently
secrch eng ine FAQ or t ips sectjon). retu rned t o o
Sccn throug h t he thumbnails
presented until somet hing catch es Life observation
your eye. Techn icall y, this method of resec rch
will alway s bring the best resuft s.
- Chc nces are t hat w hen yo u find a The problemts the crust's ab ili ty to
great írncqe. t he page tt's from will c cquíre fi rst -hand access t o t he place
cont ain more of what you 're look ing or sttuctlon needed. Time is al so a
for. so don't fo rget t o lo ok around if const raint when using real -Iife as Pract ise drawing
there 's m ore t o see. It's great t o f ind reference. Peopte an d stili Iifes tend Simply producing frequ ent
images using t he search engine, bu t t o be the best subjects for personal representot ive dfOwings is o
fi nding a whole website that cddresses observa tion as a m ethod of referen ce pefect woy to procnse. Keep o
your research g oals ts what you realiy on d resecrch. nctetook ero draw your robot from
want . The srte m ight also hov e a o vmiety of d ifferent angles and
secuon of links t o other, similar srtes. ever-dlanging perspectwes,

l. _o. - ._-¡ A ]-0 representot lon

fjT[.~ú,.n$: of your robot con olso

L~.J
present proport ion or
design f10ws not
,>
nt l~ f'bldr ~ <>
foreseen during t he
~ ~_ -... . _ vr.btoJrl
~>«.,rt ,~ . .. oC'>.' 2·0 development.

- ->-
-
\.-,-<~ _ """...'" 'w. 0...l
t ,..,..,&••
• _ _0 "
<,( ........ o6oU
" 'h
The ] ·0 form should
encopsu o e e f orm
4 .. N · ....... ~' ~,<;. . of th e robot, givln g o
~-t

_ SEN<oo< ( ~ .,., t " sllght ly chunkier

cvercüIock to
t he pece.

Text notes
Keep d ese notes on
Saibbling wntten detoüs ond notes con be scc se. eeccuse G ] ·0
tbe quiCkest way to ley down ideos or expond rnodel quickly becomes
dlvor eed f rom ony fra me
on o visual cernera in the orto
of reference.
 IN TR OOUCTIQN

r-IAIORI<lN G TRADITIONALLV
Traditi onal mediums possess en inherent advontage ayer th eir

digital counterparts: visual com plexity. The algorithms involved ~ Trade tools
Blue Co-Ercse
in im itating a pencil's line on a computer cannot yet come con be oseo in o
lf(x:litional. Of o
close to representing the com plexity t hat a pencil on paper con rncchoruco! verston

prod uce (eventually t his will be overcome) , By simply scanning TOOL5

Blue Col-Erase pencils
th e image, a slight choke paint is introduced and sorne of its Com monly used by animotors. blu e
Col-Erase pencils are cvcncble from
complexity may be lost. Certain tasks (m asking, far example) severc l dif ferent pe neil mon ufoc tu rers.
They' re disti nct fro m grophite in th at
prese nt no material advantag es in troditi onal procedures and t hey are far less di sposed to smudging
and smearing. W hen scan ned, their
should be relegated solely to digita l process. Traditional and colour can be desat urated and
resaturated in whatever hues the artist
digital mediums should be recogn ized as noncom pet it ive destres. A wide range of colours are
available in Col-Erase. but differin g
elements serving differing roles, appropriately matching th e binders and p igments can result in a
nctf cecbly varying soft ness and feel to
desires and needs of t he art ist. The digitalline may be far the penen (expenrnent. keep ing in
mind t hct the actual colour of the
more voluable to sorne artists as it concerns smoot h workflow penen ts urumportcnt).

and sponta neity, more so th an the immediat e aesthet ic Peneil extenders

Sim p le progmatism: with ext enders
advantage derived f rom tro ditionallinework . yo u can run your pencns down much
fa rther. Avoid ustnq t hem far sweeptnq.
gestural drawing as their balance and
... Al! shapes and sizes erqonomtcs lec ve something
Fin d youf personal p ereerce to be desired.
omong the many types of
ercsers ovonoble.
I O Electnc enser .. Imbalance
f) Bevejeo eroser in holder Don 't use an extender
Q Standard ercser on Q long peoot It will
o Gum emser add too much weight.
o Putty ercser Erasers
Rela t ively st andard white era ser refills
ore made bot h for norm al halders, and
for elect rtc ercsers. Ensure t he quality
of the eraser before buying because tt
can vary w idely. Good quality eruser
sucks tend to be whiter an d sof ter than
thei r extremely po or, harder an d

I yellower count erparts. The regular

holder can be useful for lrnrnedic t e and
p recise ercsfnq. but be sure thct the ttp
Is deon t e cvord smudging. The electnc
eroser spms t he típ of the eroser ond is
an extremely fast and ef ftoent woy of
erosmq heavy pen crl work, whil e sttll
being quite qentle on qucnty pap er.

o o o
 WOR KING T R A OI T ¡ O N A l LY

~l=JI
" -,
•.•
'
HELPFUL TIPS
"
-. '.
Lit tle bps lilce th is con, cum u/otively,

... Tint ond textura '-

o save huge amounts of t im e, time thot
con be spent on a ctual art worlc and
not th e frustrating m inuriae of
o Icxtured, hand mode ccper the craft.
o Smooth white paper
o Watcrcolour pcper Paper
• rrs a good idea (beforehond) to hove
o Tinted pcper Pictured here rs o vcrtety of 250gsm
a series o{ pencils olreody shorpened
ond shorpened for di{fering roles
paper, 011 of it good quality, wit h O (while ;! only reses a moment to
slight t extu re. Agoin. experim ent w ith shorpen a pencil, i! sWI can break
different papers to see if you prefer a ortistic momentum).
sm oot her or rough er te xture. Pap er • Mount ortwork on a series of
should be heavy an d t ouqh enough to hordboords. This keeps the ortwork
handle repeoted ercsu re an d drowing. backed with a surfoce te drow on. in case
you wanr to shi{! locations, ond can
Electric sharpener ovoid domoge being done to the oopec
Ensure tho t ít's the helical vcriety an d • Some ort isrs tend to hale cotegorizing
not simply a rotati ng blode. While ot
t hings ond cleaning up oreas hi gh
certoin peneil tips (soft-edged. ete.) ore oetivity. However, a simple well·designed
better cchíeved with a crcft kmfe, o sysren can help manoge a balance
good quolity electrtc sharpener is between st rud ure and spontaneity.
extremely usefut for generol sharpening Without ene you 're evenruolly 90ing te
tesoecrouy in bctches). lose something or need to hunt for
something while working on your ort.
Hardboard Thi s effort can ettner be expended
Experiment with different t ypes of beforehond, or you can ecve it unti/
boar d t o f ind t he drawing surfoee t hot you're on a roll ond hove ro break it te
• Extra sharp suits you best. one thct's resuient {iOO a replacemenr eraser.
If you find the e ecnk enough not t o bend.
sho rpener insufficient use
sorne emery board te toueh
up the end of your pencj.
" Base of operations
Chooseo base thot suns the weight of HOlnJ TO SET
oresscre you use with your pencil. UP VOUR
w ood or plostiC moy be too hord. lnJORI<STATION
Ligh ! source positioning ís importon t
when you're working tra ditiono lly. You 'lI
won t a bright ligh ! source coming
through yo ur windows {rom abour a
10 o 'cloc k pasir lon (if you are lef t
hended, (roro Z o 'dock). This will minimize
cese shodows folling over your work.
The /orger ond cteorer the working
surfoce, rhe better off yo u ore. Hove
everything prepared ond within
immediote reach wirhaut cluttering
the work space. l f using painrs, or
onything thot gives off fumes. ensure
you 're working in an extremely
well·ventiloted orea.
 !NTR O DUC T } ON

\: InIORI<lNG DIGITALLV
When working digilally, il is a good idea lo proceed in balches. HOllll TO ORGANIZe
VOUR FileS
If yo u are working on several proj ecls al once, leave l asks l o be

don e collecl ively. Scanning a series of drawing s 011 al once

saves l ime compared lo sel l ing up ind ividually for each piece
•
- ""'";..::11-0:1 :'_ .,..:.. ~;;:-:-::
_ bO - .' ==:;;:-===
-, -~

~­
110._ · t-
• 01~~
"'"
Ol ~" • t 0 11_ "- _ _
of arl. Even fo r more manual lasks, such as digilally clea ning IJ -
11 '* P""H ru" . 'Ml
• ! 01~"'l
't 0l l
_

1' ......... ·, t o,- _

_.
j ;J Ullt _ !'t
up the scans, il can save lime if the work is done serially (one
,-
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J ..-BIT'" _ _ 'l'
,
•
•
l ends l o ga in momenl um in la bori ous lasks, an d it ' s a good •
,,-
IJ _ •
•
idea l o use th ls bullt-up momenlum ef f lclently).
iJ---
il SOlO ll "
.J!ilMU'< ".
•
•
•
•
•
. .' ~

Monitors
Your computer wtll depreoote rapidJy over time but Q seep computer fiJes alph obetical/y
goOO monitor will be ju o;t Q<; valuable as the fust doy orde red. Remember, wilh numbers , l o
you bought ít. A mutti-moni tor setcp ts on exceilent keep a zero as o p /aceholder for
way to espord youf WOfking sooce. ero Is suprisingly numbf"ring systems in series that reach
ecsy to sct up. at least daub/e digi ts (11 j pg will be
Usted Higher than 1Jpg, but not 01 j pg).

.....
HOllll TO SeT UP
VOUR DIGITAL
lIIIORI(STATION
When warking digital/y, yau'U want
no /ight sa urce but that com in g from
you r monitor. G/are and refledions
dramoticolly reduce your abi!ity re
see subtlet ies on the screen. If
working ior a n extended penca, ta ke
breaks and go ou(side ro view
obleds at varying disto nces,
otherwise you r eres moy become
extreme/y stroined, resulting in
problems focusl ng ond neccccnes.
Choosing the right chair can be
extremely imf:JOrton t. It ensures that
your posture isn ·t too bowed when
working: back problems or even
compaction of the lower orgons con
develop. Repet it ive stro in inj uries
can be ovoided by regulorly
- switchi ng (rom the tob/et ro the

\ ._0 • mouse while working. lntermitten tly

switch projeas if rote ptocesses
are required.

•
 WORK ING DIGIT AL LY

.... Gateway
•
11-....
I TOOL5

Scanner
The scanner is your gateway
frorn trodmoool to digital.
Ensure tho t the quo1ity ot your
trconooc r sketches is not being
Avoid scan ners that are t h¡n . or lost in translation .
tout speed a s a prime fec ture.
Apparently. the hec víer the
scanner the thicker ít s glass
plcte. which ca n ímprove t he
qu ality c f t he sean . Be SUTe
t he ligh t is off when not in
use; this can save weor on
the bulb ond preserve sean
quolity. (There are usually
bulb-scvtnq feotures that
automoticolly tu rn off t he scanner, but
they can be unrelioble. I t's a good idea
j ust to unplug the power from the Tablet pe
scanner w hen not in use; t hrs meons These m oy be seen os on cltemctíve t o
the scanner has to warm up when It's d esktop PCs, or os en occompani ment
t emed on, bu t t he lncrecse in longevity to yo ur mcín workstation. Alt hou gh
Is worth it.) thts model has no pressure sensíuvny.
Althou gh you may wa nt t o sean be ing able t o draw directly on the
strange m aterials for use in art (wcod. scree n has lt s ad vantages (especially
rough ly pctnted textures. etc.). be for t edious labour, such as masking on
care ful you don't scrotc h or mark t he im age). w tth a wrreless network, 011 or t
glass surface in the scanner. fi les con be kept in a shared file on o
moin com p ut er an d cccessed f rom the
Tablet loptop wtth ecse. This ovoids constant • Digital sketchpa d
Atthou gh tbere's still o lot t o be file trcnsfers and the ct tenncn poid t o A toblet Pe might be exceptionolly
improved upon in terms o f technology, which com puter holds the m ost IleIpful te the oust who works in a
the t oblet rs o necessory too! f or recently mo dified file. completely digital rredusn
working di gi t olly. Experiment wit h
t ob let stzes, but becouse o degree of
visual disconnection wi ll olwoys be Digital camera
present, o larger tablet might not be Not hin g fancy Is necessc ry bere: a
wo rth Its ungainly stze or the cheap digitol cam era Is excellent for
im pediment of having to use t he setting up reference shots. Examples
keyboord ond m ouse in conj unction cou ld be how Iight fatls in from a
w ith the t oblet. On m ulti-monüor wi ndow. references for f oreshortening,
setu ps. e nsure thot the toblet rs and pe rspectíve references.
designoted to wor k onJy on the
primory m onitor. Use a m ou se t o
cccess secondory disploys.

... Picture quality

For taking protcs to use in your c u.
ü's best lo invest in a top-ot -th e-jme
ccmerc. but fa retereoce snops, a
handy digital will be your best friendo

.... Tablet
A1though there's (] lot of roo m
for tedmologicol improvement.
a bese tablet rs still o r ecessory
tool for most d igital ortrsts.
 INTROOU C T ION

l=1ART IST IC RENDERING

You will develop your own wa y of executing speci f lc

techniques. and th e culm inat ion of your differing approaches

will give yo ur art a dístmcttve thumbprint and style. However.

befare you can use them to yo ur benefit. first you must grosp
the f unda men tal f unct ions of t hese basic techniques.

Contour lines
At ñrst seeming formless. not ice how
ctosety t hese loose ltnes conform to t he
Jines in t he next step.
Remember tbct. olthoug h flct ond
t wo-dfrnensloncl. the curves o f línes
con convey a great deol obo ut the
form , whtch will beccme even m ore
opparent tcter in the process. AII c t her
steps rely upo n t he quolity of t he
contour line.

,..,
loose line Tight line
Don't be ctrcld to drow forms GOin wtth a precise eroser and rernove
1 overlapping each orbec as long as the
Une iS light tt con be we keo out loter.
2 any overlapping ures that remojo
too oppcrent.

Hatching
•
r¡
Une hatc hing sbould always seem to •
lie on top of the ptcne rt's texturing or
shod ing. If the plon e has o bump, or
shífts, the hotching sho uld toüow this
shíft identicolly. •
¡
Cross hatching is a secondary
\
opplication of hatchin g thot coi ncid es •
with the ini tia l applicot ion. W hile \
t rovelling ot o different unqle, t he ·1 '
second set o f hatching must conform
to the surfoce of the plone j ust os ;, \ L,:' ;
much os the fi rst. • •
, ,
• •
Hotching Cross hatching
The trk k rs to allow you r motor skills to If you strffen up ond try to be too ceeose
1 keep the unes conSistently spoced ero
relatively srooth.
2 with tbe hotching. the Unes w lJI become
wavy ond strlted,
 AR T I S TIC R EN DERING

Shading
Mainly fu nctioni ng l o bring t exture.
thts light hatching is also prevalent in
oreas of high shadow.

I I f a plane shc res the sorne angle. it

should p rob ably also share t he sorne
shading. An except ion l o t his moy
Incluoe reflect ed Iight , O f a differing
ma terial cornposltlcn

Une sha ding Digital shading

toosen up. but don '! tecorc ccreess AVOid ot terrpnnq en overly dynamie
1 with thjs apphcotiOn of Iinewort.. 2 contrast tbct may end up obsomng
importon! oetcus,
.
Highlighting
Although sui tably shaded, th is secttcn
con be given even m ore form by
applying a layer of highlighting .
Add it ive tints of white run 010n9
rct sed sections c f thts robonc Iimb
section. Thi s highlighting ad ds m ore
contrast c nd even seems lo mo ke the
shading dcrker.

Basic highli gh ts Sharp highlight s

Bcsk píone stcocs are achieved al thrs Your t ight high lighting con end up
1 poot, bu t you can p unch them up e httle
b it more.
2 developmq cven more complcx fo rms in
t he robot's surfuces.

Glazing
Remember thct the cclour of the entire
prece be fare glozing w ill show t hrough
ond affect how the glazes oppear. A
wa rm base te nds t o give the coto urs on
ctt rccuve rtchness.
Note how much colour vc ncnce
result s from o gloze; becouse ü's
oddtnve. no colou r in the p rocess ís
lost. onty compounded.

Coloured ground Glaze coat

Start off wrth o tose textu ral sorrcce. Be mcoecte with!1le shading ond
1 includmg o s1igh! oeqree of incollSlstency
ondroughness.
2 highligh!ing here. The metal rs covereo in
o layer ot poin!, so tbere will be no ghnting 01
strong rrctcmc cco trusts,The poin! CO\'efS the
ennre material. and tre indicatiOn of us
Ofiginal compo!.ltlon rs prima rily text urat.

1.
•
 INTROOUCTION

T:nEIUDERllUG IVIATERIALS
Being a ma nufact ured enti t y, rob ots will usually be composed

of severol different moterio ls t hot con often hove widely

varyi ng appearances. I mmediately one would default t o si mply

assuming t hey' re mad e of metal , but fi rst take a look at a car

and it s materials: note t he different types of metal, glass,

rubber and plastic. An inclusive materiai complexity is key t o

creating a believable and interesting robot.

Polished/lubricated metals

Shapes and structure Shade Hu.

No t mte nded for heovy exposure. this Extrem ety hccrvy contrcst ts applied bcre Highiy reüecuve. tnc rnctc ncr will inelude
1 mateJiol con be used for eccsed
mterrcrs cnd jointi ng .
2 w tth bnqbt. cnsp h'ghlights. 3 the calours of the suHounding matefiOls.
Highlights are extrcmely br ight white.

METAL MANIA
A/thaugh a robot can be
maae of any material the
ortlst aewes. the c/asslc form
will probably hove a mosrly
meta llic composition. From
the gleaming chrome public· Oxidized Punched Brushed Copper Spltt. stretched
capper oluminum stainless stee t No tice the co lour steel
setvice robot. !O his rus ted and Worn m et al Sorne types of Begin a su-toce shfft on this metal: lf a por! of you r
pitted sueet-sweeper t hot's hod o pollshed. cleon sueh as th is wlt h a the dtstmct robot neeos
contemporary . metal/ir robots reccuon toje m etal surfaecs w ill general q rodlent copper-orc nqe freedom of
CQn hove a vastly varying place on its show o general that wo uld suit an tsn' t sclely movement or t he
surtcce w il! beqm qrodient extremery polished ímportont. Offset ability to deforrn,
appearance. Both cestner«
and conceptua l concems will
to show blo tehy on its surtcce wtth surrcce. but trien il with o slight 1y you 'lI wa nt to
potehing and a htqhly reñecnvo oistress It sllghtly oesctorotec purpe think ot o pottem
dictare what types ot metal rough text ure. spots where the for a tess reñecnve. as u movcs mto thot cnows fo r
you cnccse for yaur crealíon. surtcce has brushed 1001:. . the shcoe. stretch ing c nd
changed (in this bendinq in most
case. small studs). any direcuon
 RE N DE R I N G MA TER II\ L S

Brass 11=]

Line Shade Hu.

Being a bcre metal, stcrt off wrth sorne Wher1 shodlng ond high1i9htlng, Ioy In Whf>n cooered, the orsnrct noture ot the
1 heovy dar!:.s. leove cecr oreas for the 2 bese piones ond edging. 3 metal comes through. Highlights tend to
joter apphcatlOfl o f hi9h1i9hts. be wh ite. and the majorit y c r colour ÍS grey.
The trOrl'i.ition from shode to highli9ht
Gun metal , dtctotes t he cocer for t he whole material.

Lin e Shade Hu.

Very strong unes 01 (> «uucüy importont ShOding should be overall dark, wlth st lf f Rcmem ber t hat gun metal, th oug h drcb.
1 here to cn surc o rrc ctnned copeorcnce
ond dark controst for the loter ste ps.
2 ond stork high llgh ts only. 3 will su! ref lect th e hue of local colo urs.

Painted metal

Line Shade Hu.

Start off w ith o bosic textural sorrcce. Be spor ing wtth shodlng ond highlights. Thc JXIint covers t he entue material,.and
1 inc\udlng a shght
undroughncss.
occree al Inconsistency 2 The metal is covered in a Ioyet" of pcmt.
so there will be no glinting or stlOflg contrasto
3 thc Ind ieot ion of ItSoflgw,ol compoSItlOfl
ÍS primalily textcrct
 I N T R Q OU CT I D N

Shiny laminates

,
•

!
Une Shade H,.
The linework rs seJVing tbe forro priroorily. Notice thot no distinct surfoce texture is l he hue is mosUy feflecting tne Iighting
1une lne!icat ioo
material ct this pont.
reees
l O be glven of ee 2 used. rte b1urry qoolily ene! shlnc IS
simply the erweonment pIoying of f tbe
3 of rre eweoorrcnt. StOlk hlghlights next
to slighUy dcnercd strips glint one! srow off
reflectlve surfuce. the reflective mate rial.

Plastic

- .-"

Une Shade Hu.

wberecs initio l1 y texux ed much like The shoding ond highlighting is gentle Here we con see how tened down the
1 pontcd metal. this is more ter definitioo 2 even for a slightly shiny ocsuc, 3 textUfe has becom e ond how the glazed
of form ond willloter be tooed down heavily. . coc er is mueh more subtle tha n on the
,
metcuc surroces.

oeCALS
AND LOGOS
A deca/, ot tooet. is simply a rwo-
dimensional imoge laid onto a three·
dimensional surfaee. A simple way to
understand this ís te im agine the deeal
eontalned inside a eorresponding box or
grid . When tnts box Is /aid (Iat oves the
surfoce o( the object, the decal will Convex Concave Perspeeti ve 1 Perspecüve 2
curve and de(orm in o consistent rnc oecct bulges l he oeccr curves Lettenrq will Deccls will canform
manner to that o( the box. Note how out over tne robor's into the cepressron dimmtsh in stze íf to the perspecnve
the curve of the contalnm ent box o/so scrtcce. ns of the surface on tbe robot is turn ing from which you
corresponds re the contour hatching centre stretcnmq. which ü's imprinted. from the viewcr. draw your robot.
applied earlier.
 RENOERING MATERIALS

:=41
L1Fe 15 VOUR PALeTTe
You can use pre!ty much cny materia/ that comes to mind lo
construct yOU! weirder robo ts. You m ay hove o greot visual
psaure in your mind of a robot made o{ sponge. Just make sure
l hal yoU! backstory serves th is iniria l visionoDon 'r be afraid lo
try things rha! may initially seem rid iculous. Use yOU! Ov erlaid pattern A morphous material
The actual material may be Your robo t might be mode o f a
imaginarion and do sorne rE'SeQrch te make}tOUr implausible
unimportant if tbe robot rs decr material, hke wa ter, that
idea usab le.
oeccrcteo with a pa ttern for can form shapes, ond even
ceremonial recsons. func ti on as oqocnc camoflauge.

Stone Iridescent fibre Ceramic Woad

A goIem Of magicolly aeoted Materials such os moescent If your robot iS heovily cnrocred Sorne primitive robots may be
robot may be made of stone or synth et«; fibre weoves give tf-e it may be plcted in ceromcs such constnxtcd w it h wood, of which
sorne cther eort by material thct 's im pression of extremely os boro n corbide. which offers th ere are many vc nonts. Cnoose
cnnrcteo bya sorcerer. sopbsuccted technology. inCledible ballistic protection. an exoct texnae. colour and type.

Shells Plastic Foam Transparent film

Orgonic shells or ccrcpcces moy P1astia 10m deceptfvely casy ro Soft foam rrotencts can be used lay a textured, ocst« film over
be val grown ond used in O render. but their particular on robots th at occr wit h peo ple in your robot 's surfcce. Light und
pouoüy orgoni( robot. giving il speculOfity ond bues ore often a descote fashion-o cnnd's shadow will be tbe ooly things to
the ccceorcrce of O oustccecn quite unnotural ane! d¡fficult. robonc nonny, tor ostcrce. ¡ndieate tbrs neor ·invisible film.

Orgonic

U ne Shade Hue
l 00sen up cnd keep u-e sbooes flowing. Thc shading handles more of the soft, A lot of worm colour vcncuon rs used fo~
1 Une weight should vary greotly. 2 smoothly textu-ot sctcce. rather thon 3 the organie material, ero a sbght sture IS
given to indicate rnotst uie.
using the Une to ccneve this.
..::rHe InIHDLe PROceSS
h loose Unework
On the foll owing poges you will be guided in detoil th roug Recognizable elements of tbe robot tcke

every ste p involved in th e process of creoting a robot from

3 snooe ct ttus pont. Remember te keep
tre linework light in thrs step. Detous that
hove not yet been concetvec need te be
scrotch. This, of course, is only a single, specifi c woy ro go developed al t his poot. so loke your time,

obout t hínqs, ond you sho uld develop your own t echniqueS,
, ____ o •

oddin g to or removing from th e steps seen here. The followin9

sequence com bi nes drawing ond pnlntlnq,

The moio mechoo.lc~ .

I,Iff.,~
ao d joiotífl9 ls solidlf,ed
[see Joiots ood
Movemeot. p.30), ---.J~
LINEWORI<
Ooo't be afraid lfthe
,
/
thumbnail seerns like
ncn seese to o regular , r•.
viewer: whct's
,•

lmportant ts thot you

under-stand it. .'

?,í"1ll ' 1

The thumbnall
The bese shapes ane! ideas ot
1 the rocct are conceNed 111 thlS
steo. Note the details thot oppear
in tbrs stoge: the dual syes ore ter
n
more ¡mportant to the design tha
the detolls ot the arm mechanisrY\S·

/
-,
l·
d ~.'
-~,!.
f\
#'') •

~~
c.. ¿ Alth ough the
r."t<t~!t~ drowing ls comiog
/1; :1I~rI>"' t ogether, dcn't
.c; :_fi(gJ~·) get complecent.
loase gesture <;;,1;--';'" ,- /
This step ls basically
2 laying in tbe proporf.iOOing ot
full-síze. Tbese lines wlll be corried
Tightened contour Une
l. The fmolhnes ore lctd in ct thls steo. ero
lhrough te the finlshed pece. so be " thrs contour will show in tbe final pece.
h
qentle with Une ~ight. A1th0U9 it so take ccre. AlI the majar structues coo
should follow the thumbnOlI detcíls are rendered at t his peor. from tbe
dcsey. remem~r thOt lile curves stcoe of the large leg p1ating to the interna'
and stcces should aISO result in en sockets visible in the pelvic gap.
jrnprovernent over the thumbnail'S.
 SHADING
Hatched, finish ed line

5 This steo uses hotehing and bolder line

defjnition l o odd a oeqree of form lo the
flat drawing. Trad il ionolty. t his is tbe icst step •
before sconning the ¡moge mtc the
computer so mcee sere you're sotisfied. HighlighUng will
rocecse the
reodabiflty (lf
detulled ports.

'., Remember that ji

will be eesier lo
remove Hnewc rk
In t he compu ter
rather th nn add jt
In after this step.

~,

l
I
Highlighted
A new layer 15 set ayer the top and nnts
7
. of wh ite are ad ded in preces that requtre
highlighting. Many of tte ccoeccuors of
highlightlng a re as m uch drawing as JXIinting
and ore resultantly qui te linear.
•

The sh adlng shou ld

Shaded
serve os (I n Indlcator
or visual importanee,
as well as recüsrn. 6 Aftef sca nning, O trc nspcrent la yer ÍS se!
cve r toe top of t ne robot Block is cconeo
in oeqrees of occcny to fíll in planes thot will
be darler ond ccst in shodow
 I NT RO D U CTIO N

COLOURING
First glaze coat
l a y trcrsocrent washes or colour ove the
9 robot. settlng in lorge oreas of bese hueso

Ncnce how the

shad ing seems t o
lighten. The lcss of
white as (1 contras!
crectes lhis eHect .

The ¡nitial gloze

coat moy seem
a nme dro b al
t hls poi ot.

laying in a ca nvas ground

ThiS is tnestcp that .€olly beqm s t o blur Try t e avoid
8 tre Une between drawing oor pa.ntlng.
Find a ground that suit:> your personal
simply lcyertnq
tne some colour
ogoin in tnts
oest hcucs (it coulc simply be o textured seco nd ccc t.
poper or ccovcs) 000 o y it, multiphed. over
the drawing. Tt1is texture will set tbe cotour
cnd texturcl harmony ror tne whole oiece.

CHOOSING A GROUND
Yourconvas ground will cdtea the whoJe impre ssion ond style
of you, off, and choosin g the ri ght ene is en extreme ly Second glaze coa t
import ant step. Any thing ca n be used. and its c rrrccroeoess ThiSsecood « depeooent 'ayer of
ro you a nd the suitability to the aft are ya ur primo ry
concems . Ensure that there a re no large contrasts be!ween
1 O glazing will oecr wñh reflected líght
und deaver on odded scectrctcomplextty.
light and dark as th is wi/l conf lict with t he painting later on.
I f you can sean ir, it con be usea os a ground.
 [H [ W H O L E PROC ESS " " ":IiI

Finish ing s te ps
This steo will wrap up the ñnlsheo
11 prece a nd Involves odd lng little
cetcns, Dcccr coonccnon should plobobly
occcr al thrs step. os well os slight soturotion
t weoking ond visual enects soch as LEDs and
rusti ng Of stai ning .

Otocals cen pefform ,

important fund ions
of instan t , noo·
verbal ldenttñcction.

Thls inventory
number Is ene of
the only
' personalit y '
trcrts thct
distingulshes th is
Yo ur Brainbot ís now particular
complete and recdy Brainbot from t he
to prctect some rest of 115 plctoon.
important dignitaries.

,
 I N TRQOUC 1 I O N

=i:;;JJEVELOPING VOUR IDEAS

Wark as small ar as large as yau prefer, but the fu nctian af this

step is ta lay dawn generalized designs as fast as passible while Brass Lion:
Dramatic progression
focusing on majar elements and shapes. Often a thumbnail

may be so minimalist that anly the artist can make any sense

of ít: being able to construe th e finished product fram this step

is an important skill. Of course, by no means should yau limit

yourself to the design produced at th is stage, and if additive

imp rovement s are conceived, th ey should definitely be wo rked

inta the design as the art progresses.

... uere we con see tbe drcrrcuc proqresson
occu rring in the developrnent of Her
Majesty 's Honouscble Bross Uon (poS8).
Orbital Delegate: Initially starting os o more arachnid Of
Evolut ion of function bestial fOfm. n wos then moc1ified to a
humono id shape.

,
\
Encyclical Purger:
Similar re-workinqs

.. ~Here we see many verssorrs of tbe

Encydi cal Purger {p.102}, 011 of w hich becr a
d ese resemblcnce te eccn other. No leal
thumbnoil WQS used oso f inal. ond the
completed pece tetes e1emcnt s from
differing thurnbnctls; it olso utmzes aspects
I not yct appcaring at this stage.

~!
..... TIle Orbital Delegate (p. l0l¡)
was ini tially more of a n Orbital
Pcrcncoper. seen here as a glounded
soldier irccccbe of f1ight
/1:1
rz». I,

...The second step

shows a rotated
view of a Slmi lOl
sooer wi th
exnoneocs qeor
for functioning
In spcce.
 D FV(lüPING YO UH IDE AS

... I be hunchcd or curled pcsture seemeo

mconqroous wrth t he technology and the
military ñcvour of the tenchne, so a moro
erect verston wos deveícoed tbot becrs o
ICONCEPT OOODLE5
Play with silhouettes otyour design as nn
coser resen bcoce to the ñníshed crece.
initial step. With this approach, you 'l/ ovoid
getting bogged down in detoils too eor/y.

- p

Even in thts rough

trectment. the essenos of
tbe robot rs ccptured

-' ,

.. SmoII crrows con be seco as a remindE'l

lo further sl roighten tbe posture.

,. In this de5ign the robot has been crtered

to nppccr to function exdusfvely in orbn.
losmq ony need for stcbnny or Q
ccrwennonct soldicrlike structure.

There ts no problem making the leap

from the ecrly stetcties and doodles
to tnu fully recnzeo robot. The ecrly
doodles are ef fecnve ecboes of the
flnol result.
 •

A robot is a sum of its parts.

The details you decide to
include in your construction
are important in and of
themselves. This section will
guide you through the
construction of jointing and
articulations, through to the
devices and tools attached to,
or held by, your robot. These
details will indicate to your
viewer that your robot is lithe
or lumbering, constructive or
merely destructive.

•
 . ~"-~------------------------ ,.....,. - • ..
N UT S s, BOLTS.

IllIOINTS AND MOVEMENT

Whereas an interna! struct ure can be left unspecified, one e Rea list ic joints
Combine mecbontcol elements wrtb
absol ute requirement must be adh ered t oot he limbs mu st e e orccnrc curves in your robot designo
• Nouce lhat the mechanicol elements
move and perform their function w ithout other parts of e · rerrcin borehke. ma intaining the
JOint's functiOnal appearonce.

,, the robot interfering. ~

• A robot with a bladed weapon will seem impotent if ít's

even slightly obvious t hat it cannot swing the weapon without

cutting into itself. A robot with a gun will seem ineffectual if it

appears th at its range of f ire is limited. Take t ime t o imagine

t he robot performing its intended f unct ion (t his is f un, self-

indu!gent and extremely beneficial to the process).

PRIMARV JOIIUTS
Humanoid Nonhumanold

,,
Wlt h these bosiCj oints. the robot shoul d be ab/e te Believable movem ent mus! be conveyed tn even th e
! function m uch /ike Q human being. O( course, to strangest shapes ora sn cctcres. Such o design might not
dehumanize the robot , the head could be removed O( ser resemble ony pre-existlng form obut with the ¡nc/usían of
inro the body, 0 ' the kgs replaced wirh titanium tracks. rnese basic joints. ir should conceivably be oblc ro function.
Hond
A humanoid robots' hand will
probobly follow human phystclo qy
quite d oscly, especoüy if designed
to perform common humon
functions (011 bese too-use would Rea l anatomy
recuse it). Note the jOinting ond You can see in on
ttct. while rt could change on a X-rey of Ohond thot
robot, how the length of the tbe bones ore 011
fmqers in relonon te eoch shopec to perform
other Is very importont. scecmc fuocnoos and
The middle finger is longest. con be cerned over into
with tre ring f inger oíten robot designs. Mix and
being rext. followed by the match however you wish:
iooex finger, and finolly fer instonce, repect these
the littl e finger. finger joots eight times
and use them as a rererence
for a spiderfike rocct's leqs.
HumanJike movement The t humb could be used as
The red dots denote 011 tbe reteerce f()( a Single.
mcm points of art irula.tion crnccicted gunmount tnct
reeoeo for o robot to Icncuon can move freely on üs
in a belfevoble manner. cttcchment to the robot.
 , .
•

·1=11
JDINT STRUCTURE
Believable jointing ís extremely ímportc nt in a
crecnon whose art iculation ts often apeo and
uncovered for the vtewer to see. Below. three
mcín types of j ointing are íüust rcted t hat
could be used in robotrc c rt k ulcnon.

,
I
Hinge
Here is a simpHstic mortise hinge, comprising of two sections,
with a lubricated pin IUnning t hrough them (check out your
ooon. This 15 a good basis formote du nky or primitive robots
ot
ond would hove ro be combined in sets al least two ro
allow (or a fu/l range o( morian.

Assembled hin ge
I
{ - -
1 1
/ /
Notke thct the pln is
nush wlth the end in
tne assem bled pece.

T'-HC0' ~
~
" . - . ~
:. = 7 .

Disossem bled hinge /

A hinge like thrs is made / 1.
up of three mechanically
simple ports.

Segmented
Segmenting a/lows for a huge ron9€' of movement fo~ a
joint (ashioned out of a tuudened casooace.

Assembled segm ent ed

Expenment wrth dífferent
/ / versiors of thls j oint: m ore
'~/ ctrnour meo", snt fer joín t.°

,--.~ t~)
Di sassembled segme nted J ,
Make your j ointing as long "" _~
os you wan t by sim ply
rcpeating t hrs secnon, L/ ........
 NUT5 &.. BDLT 5

r-BIT S AND InIIDGETS

Choosing th e proper type of screw head will be Nuthead
BUilding your robots with chunky screw heces
primarily up t o your aesth et ic tostes as t he art ist. cnd visible bolts, con resu't in Oqrotesquely
interesting ct orccter.
• Some screws may be covered with caps that hove

thei r own sha pes, ot hers may lie f lush wit h t he

•
•
" surface. However, th ese aesth et ic choíces should also

match the storytelli ng associated wit h th e robot -

a hi ghly sophist icated robot set far in the f uture

probably should n' t hove bi g lug nuts on it !

••

ASSEMI3LV DETAILS
Screw heads Concealed panels and sections
A robot , especrcñy lf rncss cssembled, moy display A robot mo y hove limbs or pc rts thot retrcct loto tts

!
I
extenstve j oint ing ustnq industrial couplings. I n your
d ~s ig ns, dñferent screw hecds con odd vcrtety ond o
toueh of personcuty - for mstcnce. o crcsshecd moy
body w hen not in use. Remember thot the covertnq
plote must match the ha le it leoves in the mcrn body
of the po rt. Also. t he device eontoi ned wit hin must

,
give o more eomplex ond amate oppearonee t hon o appeor to eorrespond with t he spoee lnsrde t he orea
\
I regular slot head. of conceolment.

~ I
/ Curved and rat chet ed
A workaday broce,sucn os ttus,
wauld oor Iook out of place on
Cross head

Add vnrtety
Slot hec d '.' ~

Ccrs me rnoss prodoced (by robob !) te be omrcrm

Squcre head
! any type of robot.

When dosed, t his pod is o

self·contoined shope,
useful fer sleek,
Brlng vcnety to your designs by vorying the detcus. l;.." oerody:omiCbots.

. - -
Open sescrne
A viSible rotating hifl9€ qtves
tnc vewer an indicaUon of
how the nozzle slides out
of me casing.

Instecd of showing
complk oted internals,
con síder o concert lno-style
dust cover t bct hldes th em.
 8 [TS AN D W ¡ O G E T S

1=]::]
M echan ical skelet on
Anatomy as a Thc cnñerenccs oeocteo I n principol, t he
structural base in the rot ouc bones muscles work
identieally to those
Organic refereoce can be mvclucble Ole, visually speaking, of o humon ond
even f or robot s. This skefetc l c nd rord only cosmeuc, The Wfap OfOUn<! t he
leg structure foüows h uma n onotomy materials are Implicitly bone in the so.me
confi guratio n.
olmost excctly. creoti ng o behevc ble dítferent. ond the 1\
bcsts for bipedcllocornouon. Simply jOints ore poseo as
by replacing the orgonic nssue wlth bemq mechcmcol.
an artificial counterpart, a perfectly
human an atomical structure can Artificial materials
appear st range and robonc. The bcroieo ñbres of
The distinctive
CUl'Vt'5 of human
the mcscies hove been

• Organi c refere nce

Sludy human anotomy, look in
bones ho ve be-en
maintained here.
rcplaccd with tens üe
buroes of steeí mesh

•• te xt coces and medical

oicuoocnes. to qet a sense ot
cable (which would
ruocuon quite similorly
• how humon umbs funetion. to rr wsd es).

'.
 ,. ,
NUTS s, BO LT S

1: lATTACHMERlTS ARIO
EMBELLISHMERlTS
A bosic humanoid robot can be int erest ing. but it moy
•
lock the st orytelling elem ent thot a more f unct ionolly • •
•
obvious design can provide. An artist should oiwoys •
•
t hink obout whot his or her creotion would do in the

worl d in which it exists. Added ottochments ond

embellishments present narrotive elements t hot

dramotically enhance t he appeal of th e robot 's designo

Antipersonn el fundioos
The len forearm of this robo t has
been reoicceo with o napolm
thrower. The napalm supply leeos
floro the expensen chamber in the
BA51C FRAME body of tte thrower up tbe piping
l he bctsíc trame of a modular robot to o Iarge tonk crctceeo to tbe
Humanoid for deSign and cconccnco rccct's left shouldel cnd scopulÓ.
recscos. lhis robot is peseuec wlth The seccrcuoo of fue! eOO weopon
bese functiooality and me poteoncr fOl adds a leve! of visual complexity te

a vcst oumber of modiñccuons. a simple modtñoaüon.

¡1
•

This bcstc The napo.lm

humono id robot th rower is ob out
has no obvÍ(lus the sorne IlM gt h
specific fund ían, os t he repla ced
; os It hasn 't yet armo ensurl ng
bHn speciollzed. eese or cleoronce
when In use.

'.
 ATTII(H MEN 1S A NO E M B E l l l S H M E N T S

1=1-1
Survival Recoooalssao ce
fully pínted In hect resstcnt. A íorqe. extended visor qrves
magnetized bclltstc pIot ing. t his version of t he ro bot
t his robo t has becn outfi ttc d extremely covcncco visual
ro sinvive ext remely Iuncnonouty. A primary cluster
hozordous succuons. The ot tenses Ofl the vsor's left soe
ormour Iays on ond cuns teiescooes 000 rotc tes, enobling
oro und the profi le ot th e the robot to see in a voncty of
ro bot, ond sun rncm tcíns the woys. In sorne coses, this
recesscty gaps io jainting capobillty is umueo only by
Ior rnovement. the curvc ture 01 tre eot n

This flxtute
Gaps in tlle crmour could pot enticlly
plating aUow the be removed by
j oint s to ñex and tn e robot itself
move freely. in the ñeld.
 ------~---_._ - -
NUTS &. BOLTS

1::JVIILITARV ATTACHMENTS
To carry out its intended f unction, a robot wiii need toois t hat may or
• Balancing eet
When designing o weapon,

,
may not be integral. The weap ons t hat an offensive robot wiii carry
•• think about how it will
offect the rooot's

1I
I can speak volumes about the robot's intentofun cti on and even • centre of gravity.
Jrlí?O
personality (in a specif ic sense of t he word). Far the sake of (J )
•
!• I fun ct ionality. a robot may be fitted to use int erchangeable, mod ular

weapons, aiiowing for a wider range of application. These t wo pages

arti st wants far th e of fensive robot. The foiiowing weapons are

intended for use by a hurnc no íd, moss-produced robot.
,
GENERAL PURPOSE ClOSE SUPP ORT
Here ls a bcsic c sscutt rifle; its trame and recelver An independent , under-bcrrelzom m grenade
wlll rem o jo consistent in 011 the following lau ncher has been a ttached t o t hrs rifle for

r
t denvcttons. Standard rssue. and w ith a universal
application in rnind, thts t rame presents a bcstc
grenadier rabotic infantry. An ext ended iron
grenade sight potnts up from t he gun frame. An
weapon for infantry use. opened trigger frame extends down to t he base of
the grip, allowing the weapon t o be used by a robot
with digits t hicker than the averoge humcn's.

A rob ot with o st runq e, or slmply

lo rge, hand conf igurotían would
need a trig9er guord Ilke this.

This gun wo uld be used by

besíc, humol'lOid robots .

HEAVV SUPPORT SNIPER

A lorge bo x feed of betted. tumbling rounds An extended borre! offers m ore rifling for
replcces t he ald magazine. and a downward· enhanced accuracy, and the scope jccks straight
dire cted f lash suppressor and bipo d are f itted to into the processor of t he robot. The magazine
the end of t he bc rrel. A corrying hondle ts flxed to has been shortened to better fccrhtcte prone
the top of t h é frame for oid in loyi ng down lorge shooting, and the st andard grip has been
swc t hes of suppresstve ftre. replaced wi t h en actual robotrc hand fixture for
the scke of immediate and enhanced trigger
puUs. The hand fixture would attach straight to
• the wrist of t he user robot .

This scope would reqcr-e a

matching femole port on the
rob ot t o be plu<¡ged in.
Depend ing on the sce of
t he robot, lt moy not need
t o olwoys hove th is gun
deployed prone for use.

•
 MI LI TAI'n ATTA CHM E N TS

CQI3/SECURITV
This version has been rechambered for pistol
rounds, and t he barrer has been drast ically
sho rtened. A slanted foregrip has been ínstalled
t o control clfmb. and a sliding stock has been
f itted (seen unextended here). Thts version of
the weapon would be used with concealment in
mind for cíose-qucrters security roles or for use
by robotic tank and ortillery crews.

The smo llest of 0 11

t he vcnc nts, th e
sho rt bor rel mecns
it is only useful fcr
close f¡ring.

hY
IJ .

PARATROOPER
A cercrnfc bayonet is offixed to the
front of the shortened barrer, and a
folding stock can dramatically shorten
the overol! length of t he
rifl e when needed.

Th rs would be used
- '- - by a IIthe robot t hat
needs to move
swift ly on the ñeld .

...
·1
;

I3LACI< OPS ., i
Th is rifle is for c1andestine and internat ionally I
i!legal roles in osscssínctlon and hosttle- ••
terrttory reconnaissance. A large, baf f led
sound supp ressor surrounds the shortened .
bcrrel. The magazine ls an under-barrel heuccl
system housing SO rounds. A padded brass
catcher covers the ejectlon port. silencing t he
action of the chcmber and collecting bullet Swordsman
casings to lessen forensic evidence. Not 011 wecpons need to be guns. In thrs sketch. thls combat
robot leons forworo, lef t ñst ogg re,ssively dcnched. right ftst
It's f ine to mc ke a grasping o o long military sobre, ready to swinq. The best
strange-Iooking gun, way to drow u ut hentic loo king military weupo ns, and to ñnd
but t ry to keep its
Intercstmq o spnotron, is to do resecrch by looking at
functlon in mind.
hrstorkol military styles in mu seums and bcoks.
¡

"

•
 I=I=]
This section describes and
demonstrates how to draw and
paint 50 robots. The text and
visuals guide you through each
robot's artistic construction,
explaining different points along
the way. You'll be told what the
robot is, where and when it exists,
and what it does. There are step-
by-step sequences that let you see
the creative process, and each
robot is broken into primitive
shapes, so you can see its
construction and easily recreate
it yourself. Some basic robots are
shown at the beginning of this
section. Start~with these.

•
 Mass-produced and Variation s
Sim ple rob ot s all ow fo r c:\, )
strueturally simple, sorne o wide range of approaches t
that con be att empted ( (0
robots are ereated only to o nd disccrded quickly. -,
Tbrs immediocy
be easy to use, eost ettective con result in
some pleasantly
and rela tively disposable unexpected designs.

These robots offer a great

opportu nity for you to becorne ... This design has
ccrtooosn cenos in
familiar with the fu ndamentals tts postere.

of r obot ar t Sparse detailing ,

and a basie physiology, allow
you to develop a voeabulary of
. eo r e techniq ues that will also
... A jau nty pose and Q
come m handy for ereatmg s1ight smirk give thrs robot
too mudl o f o cortoonishly
more eomplex ro bots. humon cborccter.

"' While stcbre. th is

rccot's leg contqcrc ron
suggests I1"IOYefT'lent
might be djfficult.

A good design should

hove Q lct o f chafOcter
even when vi ewed
Part s of your
robo t . such os
ST OCI<V ROBOT
t rom t he rearo

~
this visor, mo y
~ be so simple From 0 11 (Ing les
that they have Play up your visual oecrstons w hen
(Ji to be monuolly
creating your robot: lf you want o
epereted.
stocky. fat robot. then detcüs such

.
_t'l .......
~ o " O"~-' as short. lumpy leq s will odd t o the
\.~"""
For a robot
-~
~.
~
\}I l ef fect ycu're looking tor.
th is rotund,
C~;;;;:;;,¡;;;? ensure that the arms
are long enough t o
r-;/:li:', '\J',:
.... -o __ / .j)
recen oround ns girthl
 Desplte only hoving
• Th iSpo rt ed extenston
three finge rs, th is creut es (1 vacu um w it h in

clO" "~'~Y-:t'_7--:7~:;::~
t he visor t o ollow for
rc bet's
resem hands
b le (1 hum a n 's. dehcet e funct ions
occurring in t he hec d.

.... This sketch was produced with a

dramatically low viewpoint thal looks
up at the robot from the ground.

Simple g ra ting
visually givE!'$
t his panel e n o
apparent
purpo se. O ,
A closed opening 0 1
g me t erminoUon 01
this limb sU9gests a
d iffere nt Iuncñon
when compo red lo
t he ot he r armo

o o

Thefeet n~
widely screcd t oes
l o (lid in supporting
the stocky body.
ROBOT FOUNO RY 8A5IC

The angle ond bend of the orm The head

odd to the impr~sion of the
MAll-DELlVERV 130T robot being depicted in midstrlde.
counterbctcnces
the moin eylinder.

Bas lc s hapes
The Emule WQS lntrod uced in 20 2 3 os
1 un efficient means of coplrlg with ue
colossal amount af physical moil trct WQS
creoteo once everyone shopped soIe1y
onnne. prepocked ct the SOf ting ot ñce. the
copsule rs secureo and secreo. giving
= The Ieet ore flot
complete protection to its conter as. and st urdy t o
provlde support.

, Outlining
I 1 he crms are cimost superfluo us, only
I 2 occaslOl1olly uscd for self ·righting ero
fer opening aw kword qotes, It iS common to
see models without tte orms Iitted a l all.
,

I Streoming DGPS coordinates

ensures efficie nt and
cccurete navigation.

Shading
Try lo emphosile the shopeof the
3 o bject with crosshatching to moke it
oopccr more salid cnd t o give on
The ' beak' is aetually
a prehensile mdrccnon of the light source.
(gripplng ) digit far
opening Iettemoll:l!S.

Renderlng
I. l he liap Is bosicall y u cylrnder on legs. l o gel a recnsuc
" sen f tton ünd posture remember tbct th is robot
ba sicully ns os a bumcnotd bipedal wtth un ique The Emule con W(Ilk
weigh t d stnb ion cemtc rtcbly on
nptce and on on)'
uneven surtcce.
 E MU L E ' A DI U V Q

Cylinclrical head. _
PERSONAL
ASSIST ANT 130T
Ba sic sha pes
Ad iuvo rs a human-friendly domestiC
1pescoci-cssstcnt robot. an odvonced
evolution of eor ly t wenty-brst-century robot
toys t hot beqcn tbe «se of the ro bots.
/~
l. "
t hree maln vO lumes, ;\. J Simplify honds ).
This ro bot has a very simplified human
form ol ile j oi nts ore 011 boll
dcpending on how the relevant body
or cyllnder jojnts. representlng ribcoge, f!t.
sto moch ond pelvis .
"-J'- 11
'~ ond feet .
\ "l.
7]
;:'=-f':.l.~~KtJ
parts ore req uired to move. ( \~, ~

...J
Outlining
QUid:.ly sketch t he bcs« for m s with o
2 light grey mcrker. Once yo u' re happy
wrth tre pose cnd propotti ons. you con go
bock over tbe morker wi th a pen or peneil to
ti ghten up the cctcns.

Coneent rote detai ling

on oreas of rnterest.
such os the tc ce.
nonds ond joints.

Use cctcur ond t exture 5h oding

lo indieote dif ferent ,~- Use tb c Atrbrush or Paintbrush too! in
const ruet ion moteriols
dependent on th e
pcrt's fundion.
3 your dig ital pOlntlng prog romme (e.g.
Photoshop or Pain ter) to estobnsh volomes
q uid ly. keeping in m ind a coostcnt light
source o nd hght oeecrco. Thls can be done
Use tex t-wo.rping on o seporote layer in block and white for
tools in your painting now - you con co'ccree the loy er in the
progromme to créete
logos or lobels t hot next slep.
ep peor to fo llow t he
plo.ne of the surfoee
on which Jt's
imprinted (se-e De<:ols
and l ogas, p.20).

Renderlng
C1ea n up the s ~ p le shadi 9 from th e orevrous step.
4 Yo u co n odd c óíour ot thí toqe (o s tle. desaturated
ccicur rs orerercue.so that ' h t' scots s h as eyes and
logos stan d ou t more). Go ba with o so id brush to
tender oetcns ond estc bnsb céc r edges in u-e pointing.
 RO BOT F O U N D R Y B ASr C

aa: Bosic shop" are

RDI3DTIC ZDD cylinders, sphe.es
and ovats.
Basic shapes
One of the m ore popular destqns
1 osee in robo tic gladiatOfial fíght s, the
Mookeybot uses rts tese humanoid
structure to adapt effk lently in d iffering
com bot smcn cos. I ts design also allows
human pilats ro tck e conuoí of tf-e robot
directly if needed,

1
,- '\..
--
\'\ ~ -
-«
/
- "r
Two indented circular
pIotes are aligned on a
curvt! that follows that of
Arms depicted stock
stra ight , being used as
the torso. extra support..
Outlining
primorilY sphencol, the Monkcybot's curvcc
2
- surtores are kept as a consutcnt theme
throughout trc designoA contrcst rs crected
with angular s.egmentotion in sorne pcrts.
Add hightight s and
scratch ma.ks ta th e
edges of the rabot's
panels te enhance
the mecnankal look
and for a feeli"9 af
wecr and tecr.

Add yellow and

Sha d in g ' blue ove rleys .
Pclnt in the robot's bcsíc shc dows. .
3 Toenhonce the dynom ism, two lig ht
soerces were used for thiS robot.

Renderin g
I. lay' do wn the t oste coiou rs: red and green are used
. . fa he bcs« undertone colcurs on thts robot becouse
they cr com plementcry cnd will creote en ottractive
effect¡ gethe
 MONKEYBOT . PAHS 58

SUPPORT FIGHTER
This axis, along with the secondalY axis f urther down
~~c',h e crm. allows fO( a fu ll ral'lge of movement. /~,_\I
9
Basic sh apes
\
~
Thi s robot has a oroñle that leeos
1 forward d ue to t he extended cockpit .
The gun urrrrs and rossne bays are Situoted
further to th e recr. wt1 ich c es balance. The
trtplc-jomted Ieqs help it move sm oothly
over rough terrain, allowing fcr both rural
and urban applications.

S;~~~ ~<_~ -I_ / ThiS top part of the alm;'--W /

ts largel th an the rest of
th e limb becc use it
houses the mrssue 0015.
Ou tlin i ng
xeepyou r sketch rough ond Iight. Th is Elongated toes
2 wil1 hclp you work quickly cnd mcke it
eosrer to erase the penen once you hove
help t be robot sta y
bolanced when
firlng Its weapons.
inlted lile dE'5ign,

This decal follows t he

scme slant t hat can
Be coref ul how you use be seen in t he conto ur
highlight s. Too many lines defining t his pcrt's
highlights will moke surfoce planeo
the PAHS 58 appear
_ t or foke.

~--'~_ _ Pick a " ght source

Shading and sti ck with rt.
Crecte a ccnsister ubercrchy
3 of h lghlights and shadows.
The block shadows seen inslde
Consistent ..hado ws
add a feeling of
weight ond dept h.

gun barreis ond jaints can be Io.id

in ñrst os o reference pomt for
otber shodes.

Rendering
AVOid usmq o mult it ude of colours in your designo
4 A rncin scheme of two coícu rs wlth one or
two accent colours works best.
ROBOT F OUNDRY BAsI e

• e •
Pointy sho.pe5 imply
ROBOT lIIIAR5 o. very o.ggressive
The la rge spherical
att itud e.
head functioos as o
Basic shapes focol point to 011
th e oth~ pcrts of
One of tre newest eotrc nts lo the
1 rccouc gladiotor arena, l his robot has
petceneo admirably cven in tre prat otype
the robot.

pbc se. Its relatively simple suuctc re allows

rt te obsorb buqc cmounts of dom age ond
su! mcmtcm prime tuncuons.

The bag' s cylinde,s

ore loid parolle l to
eo ch othe r to imply
the moin direction
of locomot ion.

Outlining
The rooot 's pose and oYefall
2 composmon tell íts story. Use
expressíve shoces and body postures.
Tbrs robot tckes an aggressive pose and
appeo rs to be prepcnrq fOf nnrruncnt
engagement with en cremy

,.
'0 .
>:tI··
"~" :", .
~"l.~~ Shadin9
l0Yin sorne
3 drcrnctrc full blocks
ro ccr as a touch
point for cntre
otber shading.

Rendering
l. Imply o vc nety f textures in your deslqn to show
" off an th e ma te cls used. Shiny oreas wi ll recd like
chrome. 910ss and ossy prcsuc. Dull or mott afea s will
convey c feeling of etal, doth and pain ted sortcces.
 PRO TOTYPE HOVE"R ROBOT ' F ATTYBOT

Cy1ind rkol
RDI3DTIC CARHDP The FoUybot thrusters ore
is pr lmarily o
locoted Just cbcve
sphere wit h t wo
the stubby Iegs.
Bosic shopes long arms
The Fattybol is the carhop al a chain el\te ndi ng out.
1 of fly-in drre ts run by on entrepreneur / -w'/
who ccqceeo his fortune in the dog
food industry. Its bcsretbcü-stcoec
) constnx ton suggesls fost food
rother than sporunq heolth.
l
The head 15 not
c mculcted and 15
bosícally o bump
Shading protrud ing fro m the body.
Once desct urcted, tbe blue peneil
3 textunnq mees wrth the sharper
cootoor üres, Dork-ccst shadows ond
highlights show the drrectíon of ~:='~,~
the light. ~ .-,,"'-

Fou n dat io n
Some of the penc¡j work here has
2 bcen used l o (feote an cmbent
textore on me scrfcce of the robot
Use this 011 over t o unify the appeoranee.

The Fottybot ís giving

change t o a custom er
responsible for o very
small ti p.

The gruff cppecrence and

spikes appeal t o the type
of customer who would
valuntorily drink a live;, _ - - - - -
and kidney mil kshake. ·

Ren de r ing
A ur uñed cctoor-scheme tres the whole deslgn together.
4 Fadlng off certcm oorts of u g ives an c t mos phenc
oerscecuve that oros in the 'recoc buny ot the final designo
 ROUOT r:OU NDR Y ass rc

11-:[: The wings comp lete o fu ll

HDVERING DRDID shope thot's been broken in
two ploces by the londing gear.

80sic shapes
This hovering roontrrre suoeucoce bot
1 has o simple, natfishlike structure. In
tbe rext step you wo uld just need to refine
and vory the srcoes in orcler to get more
complex scrtcces ond curves.

The core ports of the

robot form o centre
section differentioted When o~led ñct,
from the wings. these ports wil1
com plete the full
wing shope.
Shading
Shoding was done digilally in
3 Photoshop. After choosing the directiOO
of light. toke o normal round brush, moke

I
" scre to control the opodty with your g ro phic
pod.ond qUick!y point in the moin Ylodow
and Iight oreas. CIeon up the penei!
ou tlining, t oo.
Prot rusions ore
kept horilon tol
Outl in in g ond point ing in
0 ut lining wos done in 2B pen dl the some direction
2 te glVC energy ond o textured
groio ro the unes. Thmk about
os lhe intended
poth of flighl .

mcchcnkct jomrs ond how thc

rñ tfercnt ports ore connected. Get the
pcrspecnve right befare movi ng on.
.. ,
Penelslle
fl ush due to
The communicotlons oerodynomic
A re inforced slrucl urol censíderattcns.
une runs st rolght orrcy rotctes on d
t hrough the robot, ret rc ct s mtc t he hull of
possing lhrough t he th e robot du ring flight.
londing geo r joints. Render ing
l. Use mc tcuc corours ond odd texturc
" Iayers to ccbreve more oetons. Dcn't use
too man y colo urs. tho ugh. Push the vole es
in order to gain con trast and crecte heavily
lit oreas that will bring out the Monto ' s
shiny surfoce. Add oeccís lo fínish.
 MANTA MILITARY I N C UR 5 I D N ROSOT

COMI3AT SPECIAlIST For tase of arm

rnovement, t he robet 's
chest ls longer t ha n It
Q Th e pelvis ts
qu ite sma ll. It
reolly onl)'
8asic shapes is wide. f u nctions os o
joínt a nd houses
Fundamentally humanoid in stcce. t hjs
1 intelli(}enl foot sokírer shows mcn y signs
hordl y c ny other
inte rnals.
of its clase physlcol-ccmbnt role. Jolnts und ~.....o:t[:;']
limb segments are humnn-bosed. und these
should be familiar lo on crust when WOf king
on this designo

EYery a ngle shows

Outl ining how the b ulky arms
1hcfe ere meoy tecnoq ues you con use dominate t he desig"
2 to mokc en Irutlol sketch. Try alternot ing ond post ule.

between penen ond Iight grey mcrkers. The

lmes will be eosy te remove when you sccn
your inked drowing.
lhe heed canopy
close ly pro tects
t he rcbor's
apt ical sensc rs
during ccmbct•

Shod ing
Be sure to use
3 O vcnety ct are
W(>ights when inking your
final drowmq. This helps
Two support
add mterest ero gives can nons are
more voIume to youl fitted in tne
cnest und. bl!ing
shapes. Use a set of int ended far
dffereot-sced pens polnt-blc nk use,
to seouenucuy bui ld hove a limited
up your nne weight.
range of ñre .
Sma lt det cñs
like smoke con
.. add yisual
excitement.

Rendering
BeVelled edges tend to pick up more IIght and qtve you
4 a good opportunny to add sorne highllghts. The jomts
are perfect plcces to odd rust ond grime. Tint mtcmclsnes
to make them seem endoseo.
 ROOOT FOU NDR Y B A 5l C

"'1:
1

SPV HUNTER
•

Basic shapes
The simple underlying shapes or thc
1 Prcdctor beue its htdden comorexmcs as
an tnñltrotor behmd cnemy Hnes.

The arm ls the anly

element of the robat
Y'I that has a wide range
¿ of ~ment.

The pelvl c base pivots

Yefy ntue. leovi ng the The rec r of the gun
robct's posture exte nds further back
stack st ralght. than the m uzzle
protrude s (for aim ing
clecrcnce recscns).
D utlin ing
u se a 20 % grey·shade marker l o
2 sketch t he robot 000 011 ee relevant
cctoüs . OuUine with o O., fínehner . lo
give more emphasis to tbe voces.
ccceotucte cenon lines cnd make t hern
Add detcns so that
tt ncker wrth o O,S fineliner.
eccn fecture of the
robat looks fon ct lonol
Text deccls such as ond bellevcble.
numbers wi ll glve
additional au the nt icity
Shadlng
Some elernents or t fus rcoot are illuminated.
te th e robot~.: -_ _~"'~~
3 wtuch can crecte a shght ly strorqe
lm ¡lfcsston ut the shod lng stoge.

Rendering
I . l he sllghtest evocncc of piUing.
" weor d d'scororouon add an The exhaust perts show fOf
Invulucb ir of believabilityand more wecr than the other
sonony to he robot designo secñc ns of the robat, and
slight evldence of emlsslons
teñs the viewer more obout
thelr funcUan.
,
•
 PREDA TOR . WHEEl - E

The sma ll anten na

This rcbot's shape is is importont . so ít
GARI3AGE D1SPOSAL ind icotive of its ts induded in basic
~f:;~;::!(
simPle role. construetion. c.~+-:-:7'\
Basic sha pes
The Wheel·E bot resemblcs a trcsh can
1 on wheels, It is used primo rily in O
janitorial ro íe on foctory furrns. Trune!hng
olong on ns sturdy tractor wheels. it shoveIs
food umt by-products into ns hi nged wcste
drsposol container wh ich 0150 doublcs as
o garborator.

These Io.rge
Outlinin9 inflated tyres witl
Sim ple cy1indef stcces ore used initially. lete r be trecded. The wneei.e bot
2 os the core of tne robot is intended to
co n becom e so
caked in det ritus
rescrroie o bcs« waste receotcde. during work tha l
these wurning lights
spin and flash to
warn farm workers
when t he c1 umsy
This antenna swivels robo t d raws near.
forward a nd is od ually a:...~-:¡
highly sophisticoled
alfactory sensory devke.

Shading
A" rbe exnc octcns are
3 developed ot thr.i point cnd
Jaid on !he cese suuct orcr form
of the Icose-nne stccc.

Rendering
l. With the excepnon of warni ng líghts, this robot has
" a Simple, uuutcrtcn paint jcc. rte WhE'E'I·E bot's
desioners weren't too cencerreo wit h decorcuve
cestnencs os it won't win ony beouty awards ofter a
I
couple of days working en tbe fcrm l
ROB OT FOU ND RY BA 5I C

NATURAL lAIDNDER
80sic sho pes
The company Chanzon Ird usmes
1 introduced thrs cmb-shnped protot ype
in 201 2. Its m ission covers o full ronge of
nctlonol park sorveucnce from l he peles to
tbc eqcctor. helping to preo« t the
bebovocrs of migraling erectores OS tre ice
caps melt.
Tbe qecmetry o, this
robot is fairl y simple. The geomet rie eonsl ructioll
W ith simpl e blocks shows tlle gellerol shape
you eOIl un<!erstond on<! the balance between
how the elements legs and moin body.
ore con nected.

Blocking in
Now that you understand the
2 skeíeton, il 's ecsy to block in the
sbcces one! start to outline. If you don't
feel seccre. 90 Io- the vcnes wtth grey
torés. You can point over the shaded
imoge later using new loyers.

Shoding
Rendering Block out general shapes wñh
l. Beca use digital images can loo k too
. . neat, thin k about usmq textures and
3 monocbromonc tones, then erase
tfus shape und stcrt to define the desrq n
custo mrzcc brushes in Photoshop. Add af your robo t.
sorne textures over yo ur actual pcmnnq
using Overlay, Sott Lighl Of Color Dodge. _ - - - - - Greenbot is made of composite
lo finariZ€' )'OUr image, cast a stodow on 0',0-: recyded plostiu Ofl on olumi num
frome . All the compon(!flts for
tre ground sorfcce. obseorvat ion, navigation,
cc mrnenícet jon on<! ol1Qlysis ore
place<! inside tne body.
This robot oct uolly
wolks 0 11 us knuckles,
using ib extended
digi ts for d imbi ng
and environmentol
interoetion,
 GR EE NBOT . 5 ENTI NEL

This hl'Od portian will

HIGH-RISI< ROBOT The body ane! appear t o M split in
Ieqs of t his robat the more developed
Ofe bilotefolly pbcse but wlll still
Basic sha pes sym met ricol to the (onfO fm to th is
The robot rs dcsíqned to perfom ax is of balance. bcslc shape. IT -,
1 high·risk ooectoos in hor~ terreo,
It uses contemporory technology. but
the 1001. of the robot rs re!atively simple.
pnmmve and c1umsy.

The Iegs cceoect t o t nrs

cent ral section=the heod
ond lower contai ner bron ch
Outlining _ _ ': ~ I ~ off from this pcrt as well.
En,arge the pícture ro the desíreo final ( • (;~I \
2 resorunoo, A11the loes WlII be a IIUIe (
blurry 000 pceicteo. so n's necesscry l o (
-
J. ~.) _ :
• '"'L-"<;
,
_ mcke tr e drawlng ctccr«. Enlmge the ~ ~ I •
~.'l ",,:! prcture on the moni tor te play with (..:::-~ ~J ?:n
,/' tre detcils.
, ~J7'::~

Add dirt DI"

~.
rust to mo ke
t he Sent inel
look used .

\
• /f)
Shading
l ight source c tfects the whole looIl. o f
3tbe oc t cre. The test way to odd
~o~ cnd coloor in Photoshop is te moke
o duplicate lnycr. of t he line drawing ond
Your VQrious colouf work 00 tbe lnyer beneo th.
tones ane! Uladows
will ereete a real
feeling of the depth Rendering
in the picture. ThiSrobot has a military
4 funcllon. so drob ohve 9le<'llS
ore appropriote. However. n's ecsy
lo chorqe t he cotour onytime -
unli ke th e onc cnoo of light.
Slicking wi th your choice ot
light soorce is crucial ot
the finishlng stoqe.

Keep in m ind thot

both shodows and
colours behove
differently on
flot 01 found
su-reces.
 ROBOT FOUNORY BA 5l C

••• Squashed squares

DOGIIIJAlI(ER DELUX define squot stcrure.

Ba sic sha pes Tria ngles

add strengt h
The initlal bcsic veces of boxes.
1tnonqles and endes are still cpporent to a n image. "',-¡<_~

in the finiShed design. A third wh<:'eI i$

Includcd on a flexible nrro. adding
balance, and the simplificd pince. toros
totrer enhonce the nonhuman shcpe.

Simple cylinder
shape'5 ore
eCl$y t a d ruw.
cr¿t=~~~~=:::;' tEach see::tion of
[ he body con turn
independen tly 01
Freehand approach t he etneo.
A11the underlying shcpes of this
2 ooresuc friend ore drown freehond.
This meces tbe robot seem well-used Crosshatching
ond friendly. Use crosshotching cnd shading to
3 «íerrtífy whieh drrecton the light is
con urq from. By giving the rcts and bolts o
dafl:'. octnre. th e robot qets Q Yef y
Contains rec;ordings of
the dog owners vetee. functionot, indU'ill iol, worn 1001:'.

Dodi wc s discont inued

beccuse of dog leosh
tangling ccnceens.

Colour palette
I. Acoloor-scheme with brightly
" controsting cotours reveots Hie Dooros
the oornesuc servcot he is. Any semblo nce
of hts industrial post ls wiped 01'.' y by t hese
cheery tones.
 0001 , 8RA 1 NtJUI

- The ormcured
PROSTHeTIC curve of the
The curve
does not
COM M AN DO upper body rs
continué to
ddliO<li".2: . the bcck.
Bosic sha pes
Sorne h ighly dccorctco sororers of thc
1Intcrspoce Army who've suñcrcd
dcbilitoting m ut ilotion con owo ken to ñnd
thernselves interred in robotic shells. The robot's
stcnce is wide, stob le and stiff, and its arms are
elongated to com pensote for lim ited agility. The
profüe rs brutish ond hunc hed

Arms are held

ou t somewha t.
Out lining
A" of the nrrnour rs bulbous onc curved
2 so keep the unes sinuous oro ñowmq,
Don 't worry about shoding. Your focus at
t his stage sboulc be fc rrn and texture.

Developmental
react ive armour
, snctters outwords
on bcllts tic tmpccts.

Shadi ng
50me of the internals are in danger of
3 getting visoclly muddied at thls stage.
Differenttute the orgonic from the metal by
The rece plute opens usmq scocrcrc hueso rece thc bmm's
to reveol more shading dcncctc.
precise opucc t
equ ipment for long,
ronqe oetec ucn ond Rendering
engogement . l. Used in a more pub lic and ceremonial
" role, thls robot can hove un eye -cotcturq
cnd purposcfully oocorouvc colour scheme.
The cnsnncuve red stor and num bering
decols hove been opplied to com plete the
tbeme (see Deccís ond Logos. p. 20) .
• Fashioned to put an end to
peace , these robots have been
Deve loplng Ideas
One of tne prilTlOlY things
to coosrder 0 1'1 ttus type
ot robot rs its weapons.
applied to the lamentable Mllitory robots wil l often
hove integrolweoponry:
cause of perpetual destruchon chong ing tbem may ctfect
enure limbs. or even the
and hor ro r Asimov's first law whole robot itsetf.

of robotics didn 't even get a

second tho ught. Military ... I he gun is primed. orm
steody, recoy to fire. ... The bIoded bock
robots have a disttnct attitude exteoson ts useful for
felling eoeraes who
and appeara nce, their purpose attod:: from behind.

cl early evident. Sorne rnay

have truck, defensíve armour, , . I
. while others may have only
thín shields to allow for ease
/
of movement. All, however,
will be blessed with aggr essive
tendencies.

.... This military robot's

pose is determined.

In th is versrcn.
the arm rs th lck and
powerful for ctcse combot.
DN THE lIIIARPATH
from all ongles
Drcw the figure from several angles
wh ile you fine-tune its de5ign.

_ ) In th is side view,
In this lee r 5hot. I\".~~"'" ""';!'::":'':-'': tonk treads
t he maj or back t' . . . ; - - - re place lile legs.
protrusion has
been left off.
 ')

"'
I--y)l
Th is sma ll, orticu loted
t urret raiws the ro OOt 's
/
VlSl bil it)' ond hos rt s o wn
jc w -ccnbre armamento The muule of
t hi s mouth gun
con retra et f or
immediote
liquid coolinq.

"' Thls heavlly armoured

verste n was t he deslg" the
ortist chose to toke fart h e r.

•
The or m connon is (
t he moio wecpon
o, the robot.

"

. ASIMOV'S FIRST L': 'A~W:-----'

A robot may nct ¡njure a human being
Heel exten sscns
oíd stabilit y.
t hrough lnccncn, allow a human be !n,' ;r,
come to harm . o
.--- ... - -
RO BO T F Q U NO ln MI Ll TA RY

e - •
Designed by engineer see Series of odj ustoble
ALSO ol'ld int erchoogeable
tetesccpe Ienses.
I sambar d Kingdom Brunel Orawingand
Reseafch, p.10
himself, the Br ass Lion was a Rendering Moterials
p.18
marvel even at the height of th e Develop;ng Yoor
Ideo s, p.26
Br ítish I ndustrial Revolution .
The robot achieved
ínternatio nal fame when a Th is norrow
((lonon ís ¡"tended
sin gle Br ass Lio n saved the os o one-shot,
d isposable weopo n
thot splits apeo
char ge of the Li ght Bri gade in o nd ISdrsccrded
ofter firi ng.

the Crimea n War by smashing

into the Czaríst artillery
position . It was
eventually felled,
but not before
burstíng open and
spravmq íts attackers
with boilíng water
Forward wheel·orm s used
(1 5 ba se when the ro bot
s atttes Intc firing posture .

Enla rgecl stx-

shot revolver
offilled to
so bre Olm•

•
Steom-age robot Ornate Qnd functional
Being stecm powered, th rs robot reeos Thefe Ole two orsuoct design styes in
sorne recoqoecbe Signs of ns power SO\J(ce ttns rooot: the amate and oecoctee
Adaptotion
- such as this woodeo.tcoseo k>ver, and crrrour and g ilding. and l ile more of (1 cavo.lry
gauges fOf cssessmq ¡memol pressures. functional·looldng stco rrers o nd sobre fo r
boacrs. I be industfial pcrts function slicing 0\ foot
sold iers frcm
more as a st ncturcr ( ore. wit h the more an elevoted
orrotc ercnents oding os on urmoured, pa s ilio n.
oecorcucc shcll.
 BR A5 S LION

Victorian inspirations Slim but st ro og Frontal v iew

Surprisingty. a lot o f the design rs os The key conoecnon point In tbrs design Thc mcm shape of tbe torso ond heod
much inffuen ced by Victoria n Brit ish
fu rniture as It ts by steam engines.
1 is where th e cbest rncets t he bclly, und
it must be shm for monoeuvrobili ty but strll
2 olmost converge into one lorge shupe in
t he front view.
When dea ling wit h such eloborote rermm stloog looking.
orn amentab an , even greater care Axis of balance
has to be token to atlow the limbs The whole bod y proñle curves to allow
cnd m ovin g ports t o fu nction f reely c f
each other.
3 the c xrs of bcicocc to run throogh the
m iddle. (Assume lile central steam Cf19IOC rs
None of t:he partsT
is squared off in
heovy enough to prevent the connon hom
overbolancing the robo t.)
relation to eoch
0'".. fl~
"'"
er, so t he

smoo thly.
~
rr D
\\,
I
'. ")
~ Both the
* - ' . '.',,,
Note how the
sobre orm bend§
out words to offer
cjecrcnce from ---- -)1;'"
.
«, Nnder
00' ,", chest
O r
the t hick thiq hs. cyli n ro,
0"9' "' 0 lmost
poro 110 l o

1 2
~< h othee. - 3
I I
.,."

AII th e coqs, wheels

... Distinct shading
ond qec rs must be
t hought th rough ond strorq shoding is necesscry on
_ Dis~inct The splosh of
oncl deñeed the dominont cyhnders in the designo reteese red In
completely ot t he plumoge ls
Complement orcos of high detall with stork on ostentoti ous
t his stage of
t he ortwork. oreas of shod ing. ' period ' touch
te t he desig no

... Metallic hues

.. Plume detailing Mony d iffering metolhe hu es are useo
zerrembe to use sorne jcose ccrotuoes to Oorken t he internol bee. varying th10Ugh greys. b1ues. greens.
add tbe ñbres of tre p1ume a nd l o « ecre workings seen in yellows ond reds, Ihen shine ond te nore ore
th e chi nks of the
sorne dentfnq ond rouqtmess to the t hlqh's what indieate then metcürc cor strucuo n
th igh orm our.
brass plating. ond not their colour.
 ROUOT FO U NOR Y M I LITARY

IIl=1 1
see- -
The Third Reich's answer to the Briti sh MBW ALSO_
(Main Battlefield Wea pon) is fully committed to an Rendering
Materia/s. p.18
antiarmour role . Loud and lumbering, this Decals and Lagos.
p.20
monster cra shes through the Joint s and
Hatch Ieod s t o Movement, p.30
undergrowth, its presence bhoust
smoll com partment
pl~
fO( a single
from eng ine. SI,IlVC!lllo n<:e and
instilling dread in enemy communkations
cr_man.
ta nk cr ews Eventually
its lack of speed and
Ston<!(ud-tonk·issue
manoeuvrability, ent renching tools
ane! tarpau lin.

however , made it
much too vul ner able
to antitank infantr y

Clamp used os
self-rlqht e r ond
to ca rry e xt ra loads Cannon t erm in a t es in a
o( equlpment. tightened mu zzle-breuk
that employ5 (1 'Gerlich'
e nureccn designo

..
De tails and accessories Prese nce and streng t h
Hotch oetcas cnd coweonoocrtonk For lorgCf t han (he other MBWs. the
cccessoocs odd lo tne ucbness of the Ponzerfluch design reecs to corwcy ns gleol
c\esign. HoweIfer. ensure thct tbese oetcas su e and preserce. Mony eements hove
are corefully seected cnd odd lo me overcn been ccrvabcuzed from genuinc Germon
impressiOn o f the robot without c1uttering or tc m s of the penod. such os the dislinclive
muddling us plOfilc. csrousts and pcmt job.
 P ANZERFLUCH AUSF G

- -'. , - =il
Armoured guncarrier Ihe 9un ts posttloned
Prtmcruy rectangu lar, thi s robot
has a limi t ed range of limb
movement. It's stul
fundamentaJly a tank, no
parallel to tbe torso
during movernent. The a~ ¡s of balance
must stmne evenly
between the legs
dur ing st might
movements. ,...._ _-¡
I
matter how anthropomorphic
th e design becomes, which
means t he ent ire desrqn should
service the most im portant
component: th e gun. Etements
such as th e distinctive grid
armour-plat ing are repected '-V
in sectrcns across the front 2
part of th e robot.
The ser far
hl!(]donisthe
forward (~~~~:
tcoc. creoting a
hunched effect.

Intent pose Low-slung power Lean a nd m ean

Anothef qcod excrnplc Note how low the l ile lower torso cnd
1 ot a robot rrK:lVing with 2 i rees ore, shortening 3 pclvis are Quite t hin
a tipped cxrs of balance tbe stllns o rcrrottcoüy. ond conto in minimol
(in to e dírecncn of internol parts.
íts mosernent).

... Details and light in g

Areos of high oetcn will otten begln te .. Shi ni ng joint s
oppecr dcrker than the resr of the robot Notc how certcm cyhndrical joots OIC
(when you octuolly mo y want them recevirq e slighUy different shading
to be hghtef or sninief ). Dco't treotment due te being poIished metal (~
WOlry about tms, as rt will be ccccsec te roughened armour·plaung).
oddressed in later stoges.

Noti ce how the

armour's grid pottern
becomes fa r less
dam inant in the
shoded versícn.

... Green and grey

Muc:h of the grey metal in thiS
ro bot iS octuolty Quite green; tt only The deeals are
simply loosely
oppeors desaturoted becccse ot ns
pai nted c ddjtjve
proxírmty to the strooq yenows cctcu r (direct ly
or tbe paint jobo applied. not glazedl.
ROBOT F OUN O R V M ILITA R Y

Churned out of Soviet factories with the initial see- - "'I

AlSO_ .......
inten t of reca ptu ri ng Stali ngra d, the Medveds Rendering
materia/s, p.18
tore a path through the Germa n Panzer Bits and Widget s,
p.32
divisions i n the great armoured conflicts at Attachments and
Em bellishments,
Kursk, in July 1943. A wartim e expedient, the p.3-4

Med ved was j ust as tem peramental as previous

generations of battlefield robot but still shone
when pitted again st Ger man mechanized troop s.
194mm field gUIl fed with
aOkg high·ex plosive shens.

Plated shieldi ng to
prctect loading crees
from shrop" el.

Elaborote munle-
break helps m inim ize
recoíl (whkh would
ctherwtse shcke tne
robot aport)o
Real·life inspiration
As well os the Soviet tank deccls. oetcus like
tbe wees that ccooect tre heodlig hts lo O
hidden bottery ore cocpted from reol 19405
reteeoces. g1eoncd from World Wor 11
history bocas,

Russian becr
The Medved CCHJId be
described as o rooonc becr
carrying an art illery píece on ns bock.
~- Feet f itted wit h ski
Anim alist ic touchc s hove been wcrked mto
undercarriage for use
tbe deslqn, g iving th e hecd something of a in snowy conditions.
secwcrcws clamp
sr-out. and using fixt ures such as tne dcws,
down duri ng firing
wOich make üs feet roseroie pows. to prevent the
robot from shift ing
with recoil.
•
 M E D VE D P R D D U C T I ON T YP E

Powerful olly Weight di stribution Boxlike body

The deo;ign iS of o quodrupedal A huge amount of weqht iS drstnooted The body af thts robot is qete squored
robot whose fUfl(too is to trudge 1 In tbe recr of tbe robot. and th e a xiS of 2 off ond could even hove been ada pled
uround ond fire the huge gun balance is plcced quite clase te the recr. from a corwennon cl tonk.
mounted o n its bc ck. Keep th e front
hcovily armoured 000 bcrc of overly The becr's muzzle
exposed jomts and details íthls is The cytinder of tre gun borre! tapers
tte rrost hkely target in bcttle). The
back leqs hove boen given a shgh t
3 towcrcs t he end until tt omves ot t he
mwzíe-tneck.
mcreose in stze. ccmplexrty and
strenqtb beccose tbcy hove ro Note t ~ dist inct Extended reoch
absorb the gun's recen as well as sho pe OM postu re rs more important in
difference oppa rent in this designoLike n'IOny "'1=
carry a recver load than tre frant tbe fore ond oft leqs. Warld Wor 11 robots.
o f t he robot. t he entire structure ls
a lmost completely
rectangula r.

The forword-tilting
heod ma kes ít loo k
3
unde r ns brow.

.... Strong shading

... Angles o nd curves Use vcry boId planar shading . With so much
The linework rs corroosec from mony go ing on in the des ign , sha ding ts key t o
ho rd cncios a nd tight curves, so keep vísuouy sepcrcurq the legs from the body.
everything light ond be careful as you
drow it. rbot scnd, s1ight flaws, o;uch as
oents and scutfmar\s, are good things Within t he plonor shoding,
op ply so me metallic
to incl ude. texturing on t he a rmour
tsepc rcte tt ¡nto t wo stages).

The nvet s ond srnall deto ils oecen such as t he

almost c1uUer the pece ct intensely red stcr con
this stcqe. so t hey' lI need to reolly aU roct the eye.
be knocked bock in loter wc rk. so be carefu l where
you place it .

.. A Russian wint er
AA ' c rcuc ' point job has been opplied here
(escept of cc orse te tn e octual gun barre».
ond tbe cotne robot has beenhq htened.
but as the paint Job has been additivcly
glazed. lhe underlying shading is
fundClmentolly unchanged.
 ROB OT FOUN ORY M I LI TA RY

·_=1.: The Needle is an evolution of see- - '"

ALSO_ ......
t he guided cruise míssil e. Once it Drawingand
R~rch. p.l0
has been deployed behind enemy Artistic Renderi ng.
p.16
lines by sea or by HALO ¡"it ial {orgeti ng se nso r
po lnts t he ta rget with a
Rendering
Materia/s, p.18
morker, o nd then f~ds lhis
airdrop, t he Needle advances informatio n lo tne creíse
mesue's int ernol guidonce
on a1l four s to a n optímal vantage syste m before firing .
Sma llgos ccntsters on the
,ide emi t Q smokesc reen
point, whos e coordin ates ar e t hct gi ves t he Needle
encuqh t ime lo f ire ond
continuously fed to the r obot by self-destruct in the event
of lts discovery.

sate1lite tracking . As soon as

it has arrived at its destination
the Needle becomes dor mant,
concealíng itself untíl t he
designated target comes Forefeet con function
os c p peseble dig;t,
far easy acens te
wíthín range, at whích point hi!lh va ntoge points,
even allowing the
the cruise míssile lau nches Needte to d imb uees
and bu ilding, .

and th e exoskele ton deto nates

to keep th e technology out Hig hly occommodating ba!
ond frome allow new cruíse
of enemy hands. missiles lo be retrofitted fa
use in t he Needfe.
•

"Plating ond linework

The s1ightJy coveo plating of the
crtfculnted. robonc secucns offers
an a ttractive contrast to the more
umcusnc and purposefulhnework
of the missile.

Functlon dictates fo rm
At tni~ poínt the robotlc form Is nttle more Do no t worry too
thon a support treme for tbe Guise rmssüe. much nbout t extu rel
ospects ot this point;
Simplífying the robonc pcrts in thts oreo the diffffence
helps the yiewef uroerstcrd that the rruss de between the robot
and robot are two seporc te entnes, o nd tne missile con
be made more
ap porent at the
loter stages.

'.
 TAS - 21 NEEDLE

l , . •- ...-,
r ' . ...-...... ~'j

The miss ile ls tdt ed

sllghtly upwords (for

1
Use co n t rost here The weapon is key a deg ree of decrcnce
whe n firing).
Your design sllould moke obvious rne foet The robot's core is the cylindricol
mrssue. which mokes on exceuent base
that the robot iS nothing more than a
sophiStieated delivery system for
poylood. The rmssne rs the core ond tf-e
ns to w ork w it h o t thts st og e. Being a
q uad ru ped. the robot g ives the artist
I O
robot iS OOilt around it - not obscuring It,
OOt IOthet" drawing qrecter ottentior'l to axis of bala nce.
the miSSile through contrcst.
1
Weigh t di spersol
Note that the robot rs plaeing more
1 weight on tts recr Icgs than on <;= The limbs a re not
pcrntlel t o the body, but
it s forc fcct.
have a more nat ural,
v-shoped sprecd.

Leg st ruct ures

The structure and jointing of the legs
2 ere vtrtuclly jdentxol at the recr and to
tbe to e. but the proocruoes are dñferent.
2

Firing f undion
In reohty. the recr end would beon <1= Note how mlKh Ionger
3 open chamel wrth no obstructlOnS
(for reccaess f lring of tbe missile).
t he back Iegs are t han
the foreleg s (to enable
frog-like Ieoping).

•
,

... Emphosis through paint

al robouc treme ond
t o emphcslze the seocrcuo
crulse mrssüe, opply dítferen
pOIntwork's reñecuveness indi
tirt. A dlfference in the
tes tho t the rmssne 15
of a dítferent materia l from h robot's ploting.

Even though the

robot k ports a re
o silvery white,
indude o t ouch of
'" A distinct form
am bien t colour.
Again, tightcn up on the shoding ot the
rmssne. A dutmct. cynndnco! form rs key to
moking the design wor k.

--
ROBOT F OU N O R Y M I LI TA RY

Brought late into th e war by the American s see

ALSO
and first deployed from the landi ng eraft on the Drawing and
Research, p.10
Norma ndy beaches, this r obot benefited fr om a Rendering
Mareria/s, p.18
design already tes ted by Se'off~,35mm ""ondo" }oinls and
flak oonnons. sighting s)"Stem Movement, p.3D
vear s of applicatio n in wa r . o'modo" h.
sky for on
ont ioircraft role.
Originally i ntended to
fulfill an antiaircraft rol e , Ploted skirt protects
shc ulder joints ond
ollows for quick
the Hause n wa s found to be servicing.

an invaluable aid in the urban

combat taking place on the
long road to Berlin .
Its four guns proved to
be a boon to Allied
troops, with theability
to lay down a witherin g
curtain of lead to tea r
through sniperroosts.

••

Enemy in sight '. , City deployment

The fecd is ñtted with two main .$ighti ng A mobHe AA (ontiairaaf t)
systems: forword and upword. vehiele is thc ccss o f
The fmword sight is mor e rorn plex this rcoot. coo tbe rcst
end telescopic ro bcucr joco te o f the design has been
weu-corcecieo snrper posmons. developed from thc t Extll?mely lorge
stOlting poeu. Slnce ü's used in foreorms e sed for
urban suucnons. enlcrqed foreo rms added stability nnd
for breachinq woll s
hove bccn cddcd fo r mterocnon wtt h and bcmccd es in
its envnonmcnt. ur ban environment s.
 M 2 4 H A U S EN

Tanks for the memory

Angular and boxy. thts robot
The orms ond
bes to look like on extenston 'egs sprecd
of on exist ing World War II out words in o Th e shin s hove
slight v-she pe been kept shcrt
tonk. Small elements and fOf consistency.
ond ore not
bosic shopes hove been lifted porallel to
from real tonk designs for use t he tOI'5O.
in the robot. Agoin, symmet ry
is key. ond o vehiculor feeling
should be mointained in this
lorge robot.

Axis power To rso balance Centre of gravity

The ox~ ot balance is The Uppe1" torso The Iegs ore constontly
1 statteo forwcrds as the
robot rs rE:'stin g sorne ot as
2 exteods widely outwords
but is strll balancee! on ns
3 bowed to bung the
centre of gravi ty lower ter
welqht en ns crms, lower torso. improved stcbnny.

loy down more line ... Plone chonges ... Comoufloge style
than you need - you Every time a change of pleno occurs, the A sondy paint job has becn oponed he c to
con alwuy5 erase it
on t he cornputer jf sbode should differ to indicate it, Use oomoufloge t be robot in Oleas of dusty
you 've overdone it. Iighter highlights oround tbe eoqes of bfick nnrs.
sepcrote plores.

l ay the t exnrre in
st rong fOf u-ese
types of heovily
~thered robots.
I

... Tight Iinework

Keep the Iinework tight er e qeometnc, but The decals ore
kept uniformly
wñhm that constraint remember th ot a
white to cc ntrcst
degree of weoUleling ond ruggedness with the darker
should clso playa part. point jobo
ROB O T F OUNO RY MILl TARY

The OGU S has becom e an l ong, t hin, highly see-

flexible neck ollows
for excellent visibility .
ALSO
indispensable asset to the ~-Life Is Yoof Paletre.
p.21
militar y for ces of all Category One Mortor fot bunker
penetrotion. Atrachments and
Embellishments,
nati ons . A hybrid of mechanical p.34
Mili tary
parts and specially tailo red, Atrachments. p.36

silicone-based, organic
com pone nts , th e robots of the
Humonlike limbs
OGUS series have attained a focilitol e the useof
enemy we<lponry
when deployed
battlefield st rength superior to behind enemy uees,

anythmg a conventio nal huma n

soldier could muster Although
Campoct prof ile
expensive to build, maintenance is ereseots the
smo.llest possíbte
simple the OGUS ser ies i s torget for
enemy Itre.

primari1y self-healing . All

models are meat-eaters power ed
by metha ne, the by- pro duct of
processing organic matter

Worming int o its consciousn ess In sect meet s Man

l he staring rece rs scroennne. anne lidic - Sinewy ero bowed. the OGUS ls primarily a
seqmented ond wormlike - ond sJighUy predotor. l ile robot Is jntended fcr steolthy
cooecrcrce. I f-c rotci's
disturblllg in Modulor.lood·beo,ring ooecucrs and is cosed occord ingly in d ull.
pocks for ~uipment.
sensor Ofray can detect numerous rrctte. bcürsuc pestes tfot deflect seoso's,
substances. trace ciements or signs of Iife, lts rr ux of osectme corapoce and humonoid
sui::h as the frightcned breoth of o human mcscie- torms ts offse t by hurd-edqcd
soldier. vehicJc exhoust. and even the nddülons. such as it s equipment
warmth qenercteo by bacteria. thc poseble comportments. Think of the OGUS os
evidence of a human orescrce. ~SCfltially on insect ile huma noid tbct
func ti0n5 in a similar way te a humon soIdier.
 ORGANIC GE NERAL-USE S O l D I E R

Classical pose The angle of the

bock·mounted Every element
No t e t h c t t he OGUS d epicte d
mortor rsstightly in t his rc bct's
ts in a 'co ntrc pposto', or
counterpotse posttton.
offse t from
t he torso.
design cppeors
elongated. ~o
m eon in g h e is st andin g in o
relo xed. dcssícc t sto nce w ith
h is weig ht o n one le<). Stotues
DI_ TM OllÍS runs
down t he spine
in museums o re greot and t hrough
the Ieg.
references tor you r robots. or ~~~
course. t hese cJo ssical ~
opp li cotions a re oda p ted a nd
modtñed for t he OGU S' s
u n iq ue c notorrucc l struct ure. 1 2

Balance Sum af lts parts Keeping a low prcflle

rec te how dntercnt po rts ThOU9h thrs mostrctton Thc robot slouches to
1 balance themsclves
around the axis. The mortar
2 represente thc overol! 3 reduce its proñle.
structu re. remem ber th at
serves to compensate fOl the the ¡ndividual parts curve
loog rifle. Significantty.

... Mixing it up ... Org anic versus m etall ic

This ro bot rs a m ixture of desiq n ocsthetics, Emphnstze the coo trust betwccn the
so rcm embe r to intermingle t be organic The shading rs orqcnic cnd tbe metclnc. Sharp highlights
curves among the angular clemeots. Ihe uniformly heavy draw c ttennon to the glowing lenses on d
but epoeees
wco pom y stc nds out boldly in l ile Iinewor k. dOlkest on the
tnc glin UrM] metol.
metals af
the gun.
I nterconnect ing
ccrcpece secncns
wecve int o and
over the muscJes.

A Defining with bnes

Oork and sepen toe. th e shadrng should Green shelling
conform t o tr c design of tbe robot. mixes wi th pink
musculatu re.
Remember to hold back on the bnqht
highlights in OIder to momtcio the robot 's
cbo rocten suc rnctte hmsh .
 ROSOT F O U N O R Y M ILIT AR Y

••11
A walking tank, the Anvil fills a semistationary see
AlSO_
armour role. Extrem ely vulnera ble to attack Artistic Rendering.
p.16
helicopters, the Anvil is prirnerilv used for 'h old Rendering
Materials. p.18
and defend' campaigns and military occupati ons. Attachments and
Em bellishments,
The Anvil is efficient and i nti midati ng, makmg it p.34

perfect for keeping down insurgencies; however,

5AM bay for
fríendly fire incidents are comm on, leaving it prote cti on from
nttnck hel icop t e rs.
dreaded by friend and foe alike.
Dedkc ted sig ht ing
syst ems mou nted on
Vul con armo

Dome-mounted
11mm machine
gun rs ¡nt ende d
for close-quarter,
ontipersonnel roles. _ _ --'

Mochine OfWOf
The Anvil rs Q ronventionol militury robot
and should. treretore. give the impression
of funcli on over formo Rectangular and
c1unky, tbc Anvil rs lntended to scok up
vron-cnns file. Thrs robo t 's Iocomolion
iS entire/y tor st roteq k pIocement ror
evosive manoeuvres.

Heavily ormo ured

G" drum, conto ll'li ng cous
of 32mm bett -ted
One of tbe focal comts of the desíqn 15 the ammuni tion.
huge Vukan trc t thc Anvil i$ coreo with.
aee we con see where the seeneoteo. furly
cocered arnmunition belt rs red into ue liqu id-eooled.
32mm Vuleon used
etcrroer. This ummc chain dropes bcc k to
in on ont imote1iolf Rubber trecds t o - -
tt e feeding orm cnd thcn mto t he huge cnt ícrm cur role. reduce damoge done
drum cerned on tbe robot's bcc k. t o city st reet s.
 H [ PH A ESTU S' A N VI L

II
On solid ground
Even when j o int crtrculcncn The gun cylinder The dorsal shcpe
becomes obscured by b locky extends quite nel!'<!s enough
armouring, il remcms far boc:k. It room ta house
ísn't all bonet, tw o rt usstles,
rmportcnt . Th e Anvrl's legs
hove extended feet
re sem bling those of a horse o r
goa l. Beccu se t h e ro bot rs
very lcrqe, expended feet are
essenncl for stobutty.

1 2
The abdomen and
pelvis are less heovlly
armoured to oll ow lo r
pivotol movemen t.

Bloc:klike ele ments I nhum an const ru cn en Gun placement

The forro io; b1ocky, SO Note the dio;tirK tiYe The gun orteo c deqree
1 much of the fee! of tf-e 2 jOintn19 of tbe Iegs and 3 of bccrce fOl the huge
deslgn will be dedded in how t hcy differ from trose drum ot ammo.
thcse stojcs. of a humon.
The surface is plated,
but not with inse<:t ile
segment s. Keep it t o
mo re convent lonol, ~<:)1
tonkli ke ormour. '7

'f M ilitary ga rb
The shading rs Drab military coiocrs are the prime scnere
tWO'dimensionol fOl the Anvi1. Cooíer gunmctal greys offset
ond sharp. lhe worrrer body coce-s, Occcsooot spIoshcs
of warning reos liven up the point jobo

... Bo lonclng abjectlves

Chun ky ond angular hke o tonk, thts
robot is composed of suü recognilable
pnrrutwes, However. curved scrfuces will
reüect proj<'ctiles well 000 con absorb .... lhe right tone
more punishment. Maintain a tccoce Every t im e a sotcce plane changes. the
between me two. tone you use should change occOldingly.
Again, shinier meten - os on tbe qons -. Spice it up a little il
you need to - you
will reflect lighl di ffC'Jenlly frc rn Ihe want it to look IIke a
pomted crrnour. military robot but not
t oo reoli sUcolly drc b.
ROBO T FO U N O R Y MI Ll TA R Y

First introduced in the Euro pea n Theatre of see

ALSO_ ....
War in 194 3, th e MK1 cha nge d the battl efield Rendering
M aterials, p.18
As unreliable and temperam ental as the Atrachments and
Embellishments,
first tanks in World War r, the MK1 still functioned p.34
M ilirary
as an incrediblv versatile, all -purpose weapon This Atrachment s. p.36

mod el is fitted with

light mach ine·gun mou nt ing
a 1D Smm Howitzer. for a cla se quarters
ant ipersonnel role. ~

Hatch place<! on
rototing hend. _

Arm joinU ccvered

in a jacket t o
Modulo r clomp honds peeeent ttle
for mult iple weo.pon- elements from
mou nting options. fouling ope:ration.

Gun d e ta il Conceptua lizin g the ro bot

Designing your own guns iS fun , bu t legs ore plogued with Good rcfereoce rs inva luable far tte robots
prob~; an escort a lways
soretenes using recí rcrereocc can adcI a from tbrs era. ond o wecrtn of m ihtar y
aeeompanies wit h spo re
scnse of reouty to your crt. Resrorching parts ond re pc sr and equipmcnl wo s uscd by the oust fOf
actual cxc rnplcs such as trus light m c chtne ma intena nee en gi neers. msoncnon. Orqonk curveshad no
gun can c'sc hclp you jeom tre look. 000 place in tbrs designoas cverything rs
teer of a nme persod ond trorrscte t hiS inta ha rd edged 000 utilitarian. A
your rotu re WOfk. wcm weothered Iook WOS clso
requlred. so the illustration
sooolon't be too deco.
 M Kl MA IN BA T TL E WA LK E R

'] .-, '.

1=)
Constructing the robot Getting th e balance right Using oblongs and cylinders fo r ba sic
M uch of thts qeometnc Balance i!> tricky whenthe crust rs rather construction
construcnon can sti ll be d early
seen in the final designoW hen
1 urrsure of how much ddferent eerreots
may weigh. Hcre. tre main gun i!> cssumcd 2 As long as the rrcm stnxturet soeces
ore sound. dctail can easily be added
making in it ial sketcbes. always te be heovy. ente the initiol stnxture.
take balan ce in t o c ccount.
especia lly with t op-heavy Look, no hands
de signs like t his. Repeat design The arms are cttc chco to the gu n at the
elements to ensure un it y - 3 wrists, so no ccnstrucüoncl guid e s are
«cctc a set of rfvets. handles neeoeo for tbe hunds.
an d so on that ts reused
t hroug hout the designo The t erse rs Ensure thot the
Remember to spcce out these rototed to limbs can move
the left from about withotJt
details and not c1ump them the pelvis. bashing Into
toqether. Prop ort jc n ls very ot her pa rts.
important wh en objects that
hove set stzes are introd uced,

We ight of
gun pulls
the figure
forw<:lrds. 3

... Creatlng th e Iinework

Using rules to draw IIIX'S teods to crectc Colou r C(ln indicate
n.Jsl sta ins and plaCe'.I
cccurcte. bct stlff.llfcless fonfls, even on where t ne pai.1t hes
very angular designs like t hls Orle, so drcw Tbe r0U9 her the material, scraped off.
veces
ff('('helnd. l a y dow n flghlly sketched the more ambient penc il
telttu ring will old you
usnq blue Cor.Erose pencil. Sccn the Oftwork
Ioter on when rendering.
at a higher rcsoluüon erase the cencruoes.
then drop it dow n to the dcslred dpi.

Knocking out t he
Make pract ice ccntmst on certoin
pencU sketch es using
drawing ctds if you're • parts , such as th is
for 1t'9, wlll sepcr t e
not yet ccnñden t tt from the ports
drawing heeha nd. af the robot in
the foregro und.

... Colouring
/ ,/ ... Masking and shading Always adapt the colours to t he material.
Use tbe Mag ic Wa nd lo setect the arcas you Use the Colour Balance odjustment in
want lo wor k on , cnd use OOOge und Bum Photo5hop to add re d a nd yellow te the
lo mod ify thc tone ot tne drowing. Shodmq sha dows a nd rmd tones of ttw d rawing. Now
rs extrerneiy üct her e ond core sbooio be place Q lcycr ovcr the d rowing se! to 50ft
token lo kcep tones on equal pla nes lile light. When oponed the colour wlllglaze
sorne. l ight renecl s bfi9htly off l he shlnier cver the drawing. s1ightly changing the l one
blts of metal (Iikc the handles and barrell. you'vealrcody set dowfl.

~-------
ROBO T FOU NDR Y MI Ll TA RY

In an age when nuclear, see

Lorge central propeller
ALSO _ --,
biological and chemical warheads ond jets are the primo ry Rendering
mode of propu lsian . Maleria/s. p.18
are delivered primarily by Developing Yoor
Ideas. p.26
submarine, antisub robots are Bils aM Widget s,
p.32
numero us and hi ghly develo ped.
These robots are too small
for the passive system of a
submarine to detect, and
they can silen tly ap proach
these nuclear leviathans to
drlll explosive charges i nto
Varioble vents far
their hull s. Modified steering ond speed
adjustments.

Subhunters are used by

pirates to assault and
board tankers and
mercha nt ships.
Drill heod with projected,
hig h-explosive chcrqe use<f
for breachi ng hulls 0 00
causin g irreparable domoge.

Unde rsea i nspira tio ns

The ncuncot design and com ponent
Powerful , superheated
sbooes of the robo t are certved from a
tolons fa r onchorin g
com binot ion of pre-existing machines, t o hulls ond tearing An amphibiou5 rob ot
na mel y suoncrees ond torpedees. An open bulkheod s. The Subhunter is unique in that it neeos to
elcment of comple:>:ity is cisc codeo by tuncnco both in and out or the water. Whefl
using crustocecn ccrcpoces as foldcd into ttself fQf Iong-distonce trove!. the
st ructural mñoeoces. Subnunter is intended to resemble a srrcn,
oeeo-sec submarine.
 SU8HU N T ER

R~'"
Nautical robots V~ Ioterally, tho.t t~ drill
the head olmost bit protrlKln, so
A belfevc ble-lookinq sinks into the t erso. don 't moke the
m achine that encornpcsses moin body 01
hydrodynamic con tours ls the s vn too long.
int egra l te any nautical ro bot
d e sig no Alth o ug h lt rs
seemin g ly o v e rb a la n ce d in
t he torso , m uch of it ts simply
Q hollow sluice for the

propeller and j et s.

The talon 1 3

to, but clcse

comes doesn't ---c=i~
oct ually meet.
t he ground planeo

Sublike contours Ready to dlve Great ape

Everything in l his robot No1e the permanently The oosnre.
1 is roundcd or cyIindriCOr,
cpcrt frorn secuces of the
2 bowed oosuse and the
Iegs thot oco't Iock
3 proportions ancl jOints
are almost gorilla·like.
retractable Iimbs. perfectly straight .

... Ou t of lts she ll ... Deep-sec blu e

A crustoceon is on exceüent retcrence for Applya deep blue to most of t he ocsiq n
tne kinde; of postures ond sbopes present in uemcm ter tte role thrs robot plays). S.mall.
the drawing. A horchcd, crablike design ese complementory soots of oronge odd key
oectes a prcdatory impresSion. corots of detcñ

Keep t he shapes
rounded, and moke sure
they interlock for on
overoll smoot h profi le.

Add very hUle texture

to keep it smoot h for
trevel t hrough wot er.

... Predator
Dorkly comouflagcd. thjs robot iS designed
to approach 100gete; oooetected so a dark,
smooth ñnrsh rs esseonct
Sploshes of oronge ond
shiny silvers liven up o
uniform colour-scheme.
ROBO T FOU NO R Y MI LITARY

;1 ..;u..
1
Early cog·driven
Had it not been for the prccesscrs in t he head
use colour recognition
see
to idetltify enemies ALSO _
Elektrograd, the Russi an stand on the battlefield. Working

.~,/t31
Traditionally , p.12
agam st the Ger man invasion i n
World War II would have been . ., . l'
l otots and
Movement, p.30
Bits and Widgets,

é
~ p.32
O .
doomed i n the bleak winter. A :II O·~ . .
\~
....
masterpiece of construction ' )1' .
,
;) \, ~,
~ v,
when it was originally created,
this l l -foo t tall ro bot could
punch holes in a German Pa nzer ,~, \

with ease. Long out of fashion

and out of use, it is now
considered a nostalgic
mu seum piece and used
Powerful,
only in military parad es. gyroscopically
balanced honds for
repelling invoders.
8aUlefi eld machine
The robot is Insptred by Pussic n
Composite steel ond
construcuvut propaganda poste rs as well as iron soperstruct w e.
by the desi9n or ue top waf machines of te mpered for
the era. It iS rough around the edges but resilience to flre,
\ explos.ives and
was en inspifing slght in the trencnes ond chemicol ogents.
the driving snow.

Repelling the invaden

This robo t had e be-oc crd gloriOvS post on
the bcttlcñeld The feet Ole Iarge ond long
so u ccn't be knocked OVCf ecsay. ond t he
1('9SOle attaehed by mean:'> of ton-er o-
sooet joots for ecse of movement ovef the
rough terrom
 E L EKTRO GRAD

Oblongs and
Industrial might blocks suggest
strength
The Elektrogrod wos cobbled and power.
together from industrial ports
and battlefield wreckage in
t he grim econorruc climate of
t he war. The f inishing t ouches
of bolts, screws ond vent s
o
Shoulders
create the lmpressron of a
remain in line,
real, functicncl war machine. symmetricany,
oOOYe feer,
Cebes imply
Basic geomet ric building-block
const ruct ion. construcUon.

2 3

Balance Counterbalance Alignment

Basic veces H,P Oreo juts fOfW(]rm , lhe of on ax is te ensere
1 in bccncec 2 ccuote tcicrcco by 3 that ecch exterson
crronqement dcfill(' the Ieet ond hecd. rs counterbclc nced by
robot's superstruct ure. on equívclent extensión,
ter stability.

• Irregular profile • Watercolour effects

AIl tbe bese sbcpes that uocene this rcoor WatetcoloUI point (real DI d igital) Is applied in light ,
a re drown freehc nd to eeec a not urolly loase wcsbes ovet tr e pcnc il, allowing the whitc
irregu lar tee! to t hc profl'e . Dcn't be cfrcrd paper beneath to show thro ugh and giving thc
to drow as mony ¡¡nes as you wont -, coíoor e natural bnqhtness. l o oecte darl:.er crees
cltcrwords you can olways erase cny thot o f tone, pent over the Oligiool wcsh, but avoid
you oco't nced. muddying tte colour wrth too rnany cccts. Use en
apoque point hkc gouochc fer odd itive wbñes.

, Sho.p pencil
defines edqes and
odds shading l o
enhance !iOlidi ty.

Work up th e Minimol use of

drawi ng, adding colour suggests
detail and erasing fu nctlonali t y,
nees th at po n '1" not de<orot ion.
behind, to seserc te \
masses for on
exaggeratl!d
• Directional light
.~~, 1 atmaspheric
\ ~; ..' peespecttve. lo cecte a feennq of Iight co ming from a
par ti cular d.rection. Imagine which swtcces
/ \t'!
I \ r'
· toce th e Iight SOUfCC, Alternat ively, set up an
cenen figure tay ond use a spollight en rt

.r:;:::.~./'_- 'n~ fer refereoce.

•
 As the ideal of the new-and- De vloping ideas
Urbcn robots will hove
improved laborer, an urban very opporent utmtcnc n
Iunojons made evidcnt in
o "
r obot may be expen sive, but their opoocrorce. Their tooís
of tbe trece will hove to be
seeing that they work hard and fine tuoed crd adJustcd by
tbe cr trst du ring tre 00 0
well in any environment, and all sketehing prcse.

without the slightest complaint,

they have r apidly taken over in
most sectors Adopted by
... Here. tbe crns t
wealthy companies and has played
cro ond with
governments, these ro bots I differCflt drill bits
ond ccorectors,
have changed the way th e city ... The original heod whl le deYeIoptrlg
had a soIdierlike thevisool
works. Purely utilitarian, cppecrc nce. which vcccbulcry for
was scrapped in the t he robot.
rem ember that these ro bots more doveloped
versen
are all function and no tashion.
Use warning label s , dust '- The mouth
bclched exhcust. but
covers, and rusting and worn ns a ppearanee wos
ocooeo to be too
metal to decorate. aggressiVe in Ole
scoseqoeot Yef SiOn.

This front vtew In this side víew, the lhe reer view
shows the blocky robot is deplcted in gives e..cellent
prcñle plon ned for ecuco. performing detoil ing on th e GARI3AGE
the final destgn. -~ I ene of its ser l"9s, und how COLLECTOR
they work.

r: . ,..
I
From all a ngles
DeveIoping a rOlJgh cartooo or yaur robo t
is a n excellent way ta famifiQ rile yaurself

- with the fundamental uppecrunce and

mecborasms of your crecuoo.
 .. In thts sketch, the key
components of t he robot
are a ll in place.

One of the only

rounded ports of
this clunky robot
is t he hip joint.

- '

The conveyor belt

con attoch to
garbage outlets
an<! t rcnspcrt
t he wcste up
into the robot.

The treods ollow

the robot to m~
0Yef terro in tittere<!
wit h gorboge.
ROBOT FOU NDR Y URBAN

• e
Shaped from proteins, Pulsing f1age lla see- - -'
propt'l the robot
t hrough liquids.
AlSO _ --,
thi s r obot tr avels throug h Artistic Render¡og.
p.16
human bodies perfor mmg Ufe I s Your Pa/ett e,
p.21
delicate sur gery and, Oewoloping Your
Ideos, p.26
alterna tively, deliverin g
minute payloads of poison to
enemies. Nanobot - of
molecular or atomic scale Humm ing-.bird-style
wings allow for
oerio l t~1.
is somethin g of a misnomer;
this r obot is actually only
microscopically small, but it
can work on a subatomi c level .
Wholly organic, the Nanobot
can self -dest r uct to be
absorbed by the host's
circulatory system , leaving
no detectable tr ace.
M ultiple senson
detect olt rnc r mer
of t race eleme"
"":.'_ _
a nd energies. -

Lifelike syst ems Honds con When nol needed,

be remotely elcsñc arms rema ;n
lhe flagella glow wl(h hect as e by·produet
controlled by a bunched in lumps on
of th e energy red t hrough thern. As th ey humon operctor. the bod y's surfnce.
work, they g low with a bnqht er ond more
mteose hue. l heir shape can be compared
te any cther orqcruc. rnooscopc flagella.
as on small seo crcc tures,
Fingertl ps a re Take inspimtion from Iife
complex multit ools Thls robot is obviously lnspired by
t bct con foshion
wosecoces on a rracoscco«orquntsms rotber than by the
suba l om ic scale. usual rnef-orssnc o ñoeoces,
 NAN DBOT

.n
Right way up
While suspended in liquid and The crms are
fun ctionin g at a scale th at makes eurlt!d up to
show how t he
gravitational considerat ions dttñcutt, joint s told.
the Nanobot st ill has umbs that affect
its cent re of gravity. Certai nly
in destqn and in dírect human
oppücct fon. th is robot definitely
has a ' right way up'.

Thi1; eylinder
i$ the prime 2 3
j unction fcx Pctnted sht!lI-
0.11 t he ot he r plat es exteod
ports. off the reor
eylinder.

Arms and hands Basic shapes Lebster-nke form

Arms hove rncltrple Two limm bronch off The thick body curls
1 jomts ond on Cl(ponsiVe.
dextrous recch.
2 tbese cyllndclS. 3 bock on ítself Hke o
lobster tail.

• Create a fundiono l robot

Smooth and organic, the srcces of the • Be imoginotive with colour
Nonobot ore fumional. oespne t heir Built from jcmíretod potems, t his robot
dehccte beouty. A1thou gh bcseo on erres out for imoginotivc colccr-scnemes.
mkrcscopk orqomsrrs, the shopcs are crso trroesccnt colours mc kc it look 1111e a
closcly comparable with those of largc beautiful bug or a oenccte piece of JewcllerYl
cnetc cecrs. Rcmember in your design thot
these shapes hcee evolved for movement in Don't use heovy
ted uring . Keep
liquids and ore not mere/y o uuoo.
it 011 smooth
ond gel·likt!.

A W hen to light ortificiaJJy

Lighting ond shoding e re bcseo on the
cnst's personal o te jxctc uoo. Any
Tht! s hc pes ort! a depiction al something as rr uoute as the This d esign aUows
eombinot ion yoo to use os mo ny
of Ofganic und Nonobot would hove to be artiflCialty lit, pretty co lours a s
manufact ured mctencl. in on y case. you Jike.

.,
ROBO T FOUNOR Y URBAN

This Factory- Une

•- Fo ur eyes used by CALlIlUG AU:- - --'
CPU to coordina t e
a ssembly and ARTISTS ----'
Worker is a project work ptecesses,
I ec ve details /ike deca/S, /abe ls
and tex tura / effecrs te rhe very
designed to curb end o( the iJlusrration p rocess.
I n this case, the blood vesses.
widespread corporate use bruising and chipped paint

of 'Thir d World ' labour and were the final rouches added.
Don't overao these e((ects, or
sweatshop practices you may overwhelm yo ur designo

Mounted in a mechanical
fr ame, genetically Docking bay co nnects
wcrker te recha rge
stot iaos a od csscrted
cultured 'high- wear ' heavy machinery.

parts are grown in vats Nut rieot cockta ils a od

.~..--~ prese rvctives pumped
and re gularly replaced lnt o o rgo olc ports
prevent rol a nd
rigo r mort~
Not only ar e the meat
components chea p to
fashion and replace, they
are extremely efficient in
operation . Reactor core eoccsed - -,
io thic. sphl!le of _ ..--- - - Ha lOrd po.ttern t o
alert humon workers.
titao ium allo ys ta
prevent ellplosions
. o r Il!<I ks io cose
of a ccidento

Show ing weer a nd t ear Emotlonal reactions

One of tf-e main ponts of mte est in this A1though rot aggrcsSiVe in c ny way.
design is l he JlP:laposi t ion of orgonic this robot is unsettnnq l o the viewer.
Feet ere toughened , o nd
components w it h harsh, indusl riol e nes. mechan icolly rein fcrced Oesigncd solely fo r industrial
Dctmls such as t he chipped pont on the but often need to be ourposcs. the rcctory-uno Worker is
metal are motched by l he rcsoes c oc rep la ce<! dai ly. distinct ñon a military or cvmon
engorged capillarieS on tre flesh. robot. Imagine It os ruo-oown ere
neqlected, sewíced by tcchrJician5
who hove no roer conrem beyond
keepmq it fun ctioning.
 FACT ORY -LINE WOR KER

=Fl
A humanoid drone see- -
The moin form of th e Fcctory- The defeo.ted -o¡= AlSO _ ......
Une Worker is humonoid . Of slouch ís beginning - Rendering
te emerge.
course, t he propo rlions hove Materia/s. p.18
been twisted and skewed Lite 15 YourPa /etle.
(especrouy in tbe mechonicol p.21
secttons). However. tbe Oeve/oping Your
Extended reoch / A>
underlyi ng layo ut ond jointing ts more important Ideas, p.26
remoin human in effect. A in t his design
great weight seems to crush t hon locomot ion.
It sbutñes on
t he body down tnto o stumped short legs.
post ure t hct shows it operotes
in en environment where t here 2 3
ís bttle concern for íts health.
\
•

Contrast the materials Balance t he mechanism Focus on details

Note lile cooucst Thc exl lemely bccvy TtlC' legs hove more
1 bctween tbe gcometric 2 sphere in the abdomen 3 drstinct jOint ing beccuse
metal parts and the roundef countcrweights rre txxk. bkrl. they're more mechoniCal
flcsh ports even at lhis stoqe. thon the orms.

T Polgnant character details T Utilitari an design

An esoecicny potqrcnt effect is cctsevcr in This ts on industr ial robot. so try l o convey a
this d<'sign by emphasizing tbc strcnqen ess functlOnol 'utnny' fee! in t he coíocr-screme.
c r t be human parts mounted in tbe coíd, The bri9hl stnped hazord markings vncnee
Iifeless shcll. Hard. industrial stoces rroke the desH]n. os do the wnrm hues of t be
a n excellent complemenl to the drsturbingly K~ those hazard brueed ñesn
familiar Iimbs. tines striking
by darkening
them t o almost
cbsctu te block.

The point j ob is
purely functional.
Balance t his wit h
some attroctive
Articulation and orgonic vurlat ions
segmentaUon are in tM f1esh.
j ust os im portant as
designoThe t orso ts
elongat ed and care .... Shading tlps
is token t e ensure Make a osnrcucn w hen shad ing the
t hot no part di ffcring rrctencls that rnc ke up l ile robot.
interferes with
anot her during Simply pul. tre ñcsh should be lightcr ond
_ l. soñe ilion tre rretcis,
 ROBOT FO UNORY U R B AN

II:~ c: •
A municipal council commissioned this A series 01 lotch cklsps see- - "I
shows Whefl! la rge ,
modular addiUons
AlSO_ _
r obot fr om a for eign multinati on al to ca n be tüted berc re
dep loyme nt fc r
Artistic Rendering ,
p.16
corrying out o va nety
combat urban blight. The Urban- 01 tosks. Joints and
Movement. p.30
Renewal 80t fills an omnipurpose Bits and Widgets,
p.32
maintenance and repair r ole in
ci ties Fully modular, it can
be fitted with an unl1 mited
range of equipment and Articula ted orm
unfolds. The robo
ro n ext eod tne
features limited Al (artificial orm plo.tform up
t o eight t imes thl
intelligen ce), which allows current height.

it to speak to pedestri ans

in a soothing,
fem ale voice.

Internal pc rts
viewed bet ween
segments would
probobfy be
cbscur ed by
dustcOYelS during
oct uol operat ion.

This se ries of
limbs ls m ereíy o. Enttre chc ssís con de form ond
repetlticn of the sto.nd up to a llow it easier
bcsrc, multl-use c1o.w, cfeorcn ce into t ighl speces or
o.nd ony of these con te sp recd out to fa lm o more
be reploced individually sto.ble ba se.
with tusk-speciñc
hea ds.

Municipal finery Workh orse stylings

A shol ter set of stronger limbs e cccteo This robot rs not used in combat but still has
beIow the forword sct of sensors. rtese ore to be mode of resment moterials to cope
used for beover.rnore ind ust rial WQrk. socn with ns orduous tests. A slightly worn and
as roed - and fo undn tton-lcymq. Thc cny's pitted plc stíc rorms mu ch ot the casing.
Urban s couunccnon Assoocnon's crest
c ooms the hood.
 INOUTEX URBAN RENEWAl sor

=3-1
Buglike and functional Give tne extending
No osym metry or m plenty of radiol
Strange ond msectíle. ttus cleoronce.
ccc urs in Q robot
robot ts nonet heless a helpful des ig" hke t hls.
ond construcnve creotton, and I n prof ile, the
its pcsture should mcke this robot 's appearorKe
opparent. Wh ile rt rs four- betroys ene of ns
prime roles os o
wbeeted hke a cc r. the front cherry pkker.

articulated orms ond are not

con strcrned by a shared oxte . / "L

, 2 3

Frame versus casi ng Ce ntral arm is t he focus Approx imote wit h shape
, w berecs the casing ts The mcm part of the secc use tbe top orms are
1 orgonic, thc bcsk cha<.sis 2 robot i5 simply Q bed for 3 rested In a ccsnco flush
and strurtuml t rame ore qane me Iarg(', folded OIm. with cccn otrer. they are
qeornetric in form, not shown hcre oporoxuncteo as
differing greatly from thct af a simple shcpe.
a p'eseot-doy cctomobse .

lo se percte t he
mctencrs from ecch • City·state colo urs
ot her, elemeot s such Being a civilian robot ttot pcfo ms public
as t he ty'es 0 00 rear
casing should be
ocues, the URBgives ue artist O coco excuse
darkened OYerall. te opply a purely cestbcnc pain t Job (perhaps
the oíñoot colours of the cny.stcte).
T Tig ht ness a nd looseness
Loasen up on the plost ic cosings, but ensere
that the more structural shape:.; such os tte
whecls ond reor correortmcnts are
tightencd up.

... Smoot h t he s hading

xeep the shoding smooth and flowing but .
as you ore drawing beoten-up pcsuc. you
con joosen up OCC~iOnolly and add o jñtle
Even t hOYgh much of t he detail
vcrtcnce in the surfaces.
would be hard to see when the A serial number is
robot is operatin g (t he tyre t reces, included fOf servicing ond
internal ro bles ond joints, for identj fic ation purposes.
examplel, they're still fundamental
to t be design ond so shouldn't be
skipped.
 R O B O T r OUN O R Y' URBAN

'(=1-
I ncreasing amounts of Segmented body pla ling
see- - -'
to minimile dust ond AlSO_ ---"
urban confliet and dirt from fouling Rendering
internol systems. M ateria/s, p.18
a rising population in Oeve/oping Your
Ideos, p.26
areas pro ne to natu r al The fifth oir jet ts on
the back. The fou r
Bits and Widgt>ts.
seee on the front oct p.32
disasters created a os stobilizels,

demand for a qui ckly

deployable victi ms' aid
robot. The 519 long ar ms thot con
unfold to become
5yringe 5aint even longer.

is fitted with five

articulated air
~_ _ - M01.I lh port cernes mony
jets that keep it independent senscrs to
recd the en vironment
(fo r em mple, to de tect
afloat as it steps 90S fumes ond biolo9 icol
contominonts).
ni mbly across
haza rdous ruins,
"l \-- - - Arms ore mu lti·jointed
scanning the area for .... to bette r recch dow n
into rubble.

the injured with its

l ong Iegs with wire
array of sensors . rc t chet s (intended
more os slobi lizers
0\'1;-- t han support).

Head detoil Conc eptuollzlng the robot

Robots will often show glimpses Betore you begin. decide on the kind of ' fee!'
mto mole mteeoot pcrts, whiCh you wont your design to refJect and wha t you
usuoñy 'cok quite complex. tbcse wo nt yo ur robot to be copoble o f. This wlll give
Int emcl components should appear you direction. This crttst wanted to rnckc a
as though they stretch bock o to robot that wcs light ond etnoeci. that f looted
the body ond are integral te po rts and nptoed obout wrth tts sterile whi te shell. It
the Viewer cc n't seto. needed long. dexterous orms to recen peopIe
tropped tnside rubble.
 5 19 S Y RI NGE 5 A I NT

• 1-'"'" _ . _ :)1
Co nst ruct ing the robot Gel the bolonce right Using ellipses for bosic construction
Heavyset robots usuolly hove Pose Is m idmovement, so the a xis of ThC! only true spberes oppeor on the
problems with believoble c rttculotton
of limbs, wherea s thm robots need
1 balance nts in the dnccnon of trcvel.
This tilt is tncky because the robot rs ese
2 shourcers. vou can keep t bc orocr uc
shcpes vague. but remember tbe volume
ext ra effort t o ensure lim bs look holf· floo ting (torso almost lifts the legs up). (deno ted by emoscs in the w il c fmrn e pa rts).
strong enough to f unction properly.
Organic curves are a greot way to Con veying movement
solve this problem because t hey've Thmk ou t tbe robot 's rrceerrent. ThrS
often developed in nc ture to
efficien tly absorb shock an d st ress.
3 lu,,~h Iooks odd but not predotory. the
robot has duccuo n ero purpose.
These basic curved shapes are Tbe ftrst set of enicws
your building blocks - start by o re here (t he orms

drafting or t racing t hese shapes. are folded bock

during moveme nt).

Snou lder1
mode upof
Heod rests back true spheres.
into the bady.
ot- Hip plote.

... Crea t ing the Iinework

Une is vcry im portont on s1ecl. robots. Use a
b1ue CoI·Erase pencil to sketch Iight
Mu ltiple source, om bient
ccostnxtsooo! voces, íts ecsy te erase
light mokl!S cest shodows.
penol c l ter sco nmng but horder te wor k on Use Oodge o.nd 8u m tool,
peces rmsscd ct tbe pencü stcqe. Sean lile to modify the , hoding.
01101 o high resounon ercse porcñuoes.
then drop it down to thc oesnco d pi.

Use red ond yeltow

In the sho.dows.

light reflec ts
off loco! pcrts.

. j

UI A
/

• Masking and shading

Sot d rowing !ayer in ptotcsbop to Mult iply • Colouring the robot
c nd fill in mosks of colo ur on a loyer bolow Use Photoshop's Color Balance ccj ust ment
I/) Sccnned-ín imoge ~ (sec orc te it into foreqrou nd. m idground und to udd red cnd yellow to the stodows nnd
,fJf has been decned up. t bockground). Use the Mag i<". Wand to seiect rm d tones. Place a layer over the drawing set
Oleas to WOIk en ttcn Dodge ond Bum to to Solt light. and tne colour w ill g lO2e over

uetcns ore edded te modify t he dlowing' s tone. Sbooc occording t he drawing. Add the 'gamish', in thiS case
the basic struc::ture. to the robot's mateficl. the play of light a nd odded LEO eñects,
 ROBOT F O UN ORY U R BA N

••11=1= SEE'- - '"

The Grunter was obsolete before it was even
ALSOI_ ---l
finished. Too big and cumbersome for most Working Digitally.
p.1lt
environments, the 10 Grunters that were origi nally Artistic Rendering .
p.16
manufactured wer e soon decommissioned by the JOints and
M ~nt. p.30

army and sold to pri vat e compani es The model

shown her e is the last survivor,
having ser ved for 300 year s
Horllontol pistons control
as a salvager on forword moUon; vertical
prstcn s lift legs.

the colony worl ds.

\

5eosor OrTCIyS
onolYle solvoge
ccntent ond vcrue.

Hecd houses two

mointenonce robot s.
Moin body contoins
ccrnpcctor ond
furnoce for breoking
down solvoge.

Air vente clog ond need

to be cleaned regulorly.

•
On its last legs
The concept is a robot in a stote of
ocIvonced decay and d isrepajf - a fragile
rrccnoe. despite its bulk. tecw the cdges
scfotchy and sketchy to crrotose e ceccy.
Surface detai1s
There rs a lot of surfure detall, so try using a
program me such as Pcinter fcr the shading
rat her t han crosshatch ing in cenen. wh ich
w ill rnc kc the detall too hord to read.
 G RUN TE R

=1=:
Years of wear Stu rdy desíqn Timesa ving 3-D optians
After the solvoge rs com pacted ond The enginc!ike cote of tbe body is use 3·0 ~ftwore ond sove yourself
metted down. it ts cotegorized ond
stored in the obdomen. This meons
1 perfectly bclcrxed ood socootec by the
hlfllJE'd. slightly bowed Iegs. A1though the
2 hours of pesoectoe drawing. You'll fine!
u eosy to constnxt your tese robot U!>ing
thot t he surfcce of t he robot will be robot ttself rs Vf!fy okf, tbe underlying defoul t shcpes in O perspectwe vrew,
pitted on d domoged by 300 yecrs of const ructton remero s st rong und souno.
weor ond tea r.
Functiona lit y
Any joínted hingi ng )'OU (feote will
Numerous
mec::hanical pcrts
3 offect the woy tbc robot moves. Robots
ore m Oinly functional. Corstruc t your robot
wi ll be exccsed In
th ls secuc n. w ith coreovisuclly con vey ing inform ati on
about ' he robot's rnovement.

Underlyi"9
consl ruction is of 80ck k-gs and abdo men
simple cylinders use sorne oblongs and
and bolles. " ' : : - _ cyli nders os front leqs.
and cnest oreo. -::;-,.

~
, 3

Tbre e cent uries of tcll

... 3·D options créete t he im pression of ... (olour ond controst
The robot is a mess of ccmrred toqether o wa lki ng scrapya rd. Choose eorthy, dull colours to
veces cod SlI"foccs: f krt, curved. sharp.
se,
errcocsee the oge of the robot
Ihere rs nothing smooth obout tbe Grumer. Use red 00 the tenses in me
Llncwork is rernmrsc ent of enginc ports cnd hcad os a controst to the
otber mtrrccte. but convolu ted. m ochinery. duller tones.

QU(ld rupedol
construction mecns World·weory
weight di st rlbu t lon extenor ccn nests
ts ress of (In tssoe. with Ir mer üre in
eyes and belly.

.. Layers
Apply yo ur colon flat on o M ult lply kryer.
and t hen add highlight s ond detone on a
new loyer.
 H080r F O LJ N D R Y URBAN

Nakat omi
The Nakatomi Clerk Corpo ro Uon 10905.
t095 cnd lobels.

hovers above the marble

floors of corporations
and embassies, gr eetin g
people with its computer-
generated human
personality. Fully
customizable, the Clerk
•
• fills a myriad of roles,
and its impeccable
Thi$ com puter'9enerot
manners and on-the -fly represeotcnve K on
embassy diplomot
networkin g capabilities JOf t he Totor
Mercont ile Republic.

have led many executives U.-'

Elltern o lly esststed
and diq nita r-ies to admit mognetil:: inductioo
levitctes the robot,
that they now prefer whk h is o ble lo float
only in mogneticolly
focllitoted building5.
dealing with Clerks to
networ king with people.
SeIs of honds for
physicoll nt e ractlo n.

Drawing computer irtia gery Form equa ls fundlon

AJtificial light ing illuminates the coroute- Illustroting thrs style of robot
qeoected figure. and sccn-uncs are ovenaid o ectes unique coreccrcuoos for
as on illustrative ocvce lo ind icat e that sne tbe crust bccocse of IlS Iock o f
rs psesented onscrcen (cod no! sitting ¡nside resernbicnce l o 0100. more
tbe robotll. fam iliar fosms (humanoid.
vehi<:ulm. and 50 on), Bcing o
dvilian robot designcd to ~l
Docking port
with peope ond prt thcm 01 tbetr for instant
ecse. rt Í5 importont to crecte O cannectian with
nonthrealening. !.efvile formo o ther robots
and humans.
 NAI(A TOM I CLE R K

"'PCA l:lIR1G At t - - -,
T
The se slde-
Design a realistic
machine
mounted orms
con also recen
ARTISTS ..J
Atthou gh ttus robot üocts. towards the "'...,.....e-, Artists shou /d note thot ore o( !he
front of
that does not mea n t hat its
- -- - the robot .
chollenges in digital crt ís how to
axis, balance and relott on to
the horizontal plane (in this
case. the ( loor of the lobby)
IJ The cterk floots.
pivoting on
-,
~;r-j:;T1 overcome the som enmes
orti{iciol-/ooking, mochine-
generated results, rhar is, /ines
this moj"
are nrelevcnt to its designo hinge cyli nder.
thar look too stroight ond eo/ours
The robot pivots on the t hat appear too consisten! and
bottorn sectton. so en sure
IJ
exoct. There are m ony occosora.
t ho t you illustrote a betrevcble however. when tnese eíteas can
hinge mechcmsm ond be desirable. A good example
balance. The general shope 1 2 3 ss [he sean-/in es on [he clerk's
The compu ter
of the robot should almost screen. The over/y perfect /ines
Ports o re
resemble the consumer Ioca ted a l th e effe etively in dicore t he technology
elect ronic appliances thot botto m, wit hin used by t he clerk.
eosy recen of
we use everyday without h UlTlOn being$..
a secc nd thought.

Extending arms Sim ple s hapes Vision

.d No te how sim plified tbe Becouse the robot con
rrese mm eylindefs ore
1 folded up on themsefves 2
yet
design con become and
remoln recoqotzoble.
3 see in any dlrcetion, tbc
orms ere tucked too from
ond can doubIe in lenglh.
the scecn so os I'IOt to
impoir vrsion.

,. Shading and Iight ... Industrial art

Chocse o shodi ng style to show that tte Cleon. c ttrocuve colours suggest o robo t
bnr shcd meta l plating reüccts Iight thot on lndusmo! orust could hove spcru
Try lo t hink differently than t be sclf· illurninated screen. time desiqnmq. The colours o f the on-screen
aheod to t be
cerscrcnty ore doser te the colocrs used in
pa int ing stage
000 what o ocsscct pointing lhon in o photogroph.
is in donger of
becoming
obscured.

l oter on, light ing

000 colou r will work
to diffe fen t iote
tlle $C reen from
the IObot.

.. New line styles

l ile Iinewa k recuces a s1ight shift of style
between the smooth. shorp forms of the In o rder l o drow
robot ond the more orgonie curves of thc ot tent ion lo the
vibro ncy o f t he
womo n on the screcn.
screen imoge,
keep the robol 's
colours subtle.
ROBO T F O UNDRY URBAN

The alien-looking Off-World Recessed hecd contains

a high·definit ion ,
see- --.
heet-sensor. cnd ALSO_ --,
Trader (DFT) droids were night-vision comeras.
Working Digital/y,
p.14
design ed by EarthAid 51auchi ng, primevol
Rendering
Materia /s, p.18
shcuídees crec te a
Cybernetics as a means of hu nched ond Joint s and
suspicious proñte. Movement, p.30
infiltrating the civilizations
on colony worl ds to source
vital food suppli es for sale
back on Earth. The OFTs a r e
programmed with one million
col onial barteri ng protoc ol s
and are multilingual.

Articulote ho.nds wit h

eenccte f inger5 enable
t he Trader t o t ype ot
cc mp ut er t errnln als and
pc rnoccte in eoeucns.

Exoskeletan can be
modi f ied with cbp-cn
pla te s rcr prat ectian In
hostile envir on ments.

Brains and brawn Unusua l desig n

Ihc recesseo beco is ser in t o oowcrru The stronqe form of the robot lndudcs
shoulders tbot tocse an edra-largc en cjrost monkeylike upper body.
'Cckuns' brain dcsigned to process muncos biomedxmical temcoes for product
of complex t rc nsoc t ons o secood tesling. ond ultrostronq 1e(JS.

Tapered knees. bulging

calves, ond f eet like
booves, give the Trader Q
rocehorselike qlKllity.
 DFF - WORLO TR IIDE R

-]::]
The shc pes use<! rrec te
Consumer cid an impressiYely "'? Note now the
The Off-World Troders were dramatic silhouette. Iegs a re bowed
to lndirote
an offshoot of the f irst line of
tensile streng t.~h_""""",¡""c-,_",
Radian checkout robots, which
were destqned t o carry ba gs
of food and consumer goods
t hroug h wc r-devostcted
st reets to the homes of
needy ctvrlrons.

Sketch the sl'lope

first before working
up the design using
)'Our software.
1 2 3

Ex perim e ntal sha pes Elegont m ot ion Powerful bu ild

Expenment by bendmg l 00king at the bojl-cnd- Strong upper bod y hos
1 ond warping your
shcocs wh en doing you r
2 sockct jomt of the hip,
we can gct an idea of tbe
3 a yokcukc struct urol
ren rorccrn cnt for carrying
«une! fig ure doodlcs. sinewy way the OFT wclks. heavy tocos.
Two-tone cclcue-scheme
is a chonce to explore
colo ur co mbinations.. Mix und match
os mony colour
combina tions as
... Highlights you wont. Try
Accurate Iightlng cos realismo Th ink blue on<! llght
obout wbcre the light wi ll fo il on tte grey . or red on<!
white - the options
robot' s curves as the Iow evening sun are endless..
stnkes him frcm behind.

Sutln-metn l
... Sh o d ing t extu re ls ... Extra rendering
imperfect,
Use dark unes to define the shodows. suggesting The wh ite fogging o n the I~ and
wh ich will help depict wh ich eíemen ts of weer and tecr. tentcoes mteqrctes tte robot with
the design ore round . flot or sqocre, just the sceee. whereas o shodow co n
by placing the shodows correctly. plant him firmly te the ground so he
<loes not Iook Iike he is floo tlng.
Law-and-order robots , used Developing id eas
Robots whose roles líe in jow
for policing , are unique m that ond arder hove sim ilari ties t e
m ilitary robots. OOt the ir
theír interaction will be primaril ogglcsSive cscccts moy be J l rr.....¡;;.
downployed. One mojOf /
with the civilian populace They consdercnon is how pe bhc
the robot should be in jIs
are human-friendly but have cppeorcnce: n coold becr
offiool mar kings o r Icncuon in
a dísconcertínq potential for a more ' ploin dothes' role.
It. An oggresSive
violence beneath the surrace. stcrce im plies
a robot who
Though not engineered to be means cosioess.

ettracttve, the appearance of

"lI The ot s t
these peace-keepmg robots tries out d¡fferCflt
head designs.
is nonetheless i mpor tant. •
They have been painstakingly
designed both to calm a
crowd of agitated r ioters and
to intimidete and terr-ifv
~ Sbo olders
waywa r d suspects ore flanked by
rubro- appendages.

The chest is

i his rounded pcrt ..-z' ~~~~~yuse ;'\scPñ~

· .~~r-::'
is where the
pnscners ore
·Z -
.-----: -
Q covity. i i'l. ( .....
PRISONER-
CONT AINMENT
~ -1f
trcnsferred
ñcm the robot . ROBOT
From 011 angles
ihis illustral ive rct cuon of ue robot
show5 its exaggeroted posrure 000 ns
ihis panel will
Iorge crest. Notice that tbe jceus ere
be the barred
cell qate In the oevecoeo even ot th~ stcce.
finol design o
(rest and officia l
rnart ial insign ia
deccrcte this
robat's shaulder. Tbe eres are
composed 01 a
disparate array
01 h uge senso""

.... A more deve Iope d sketc

, h
shows so rne of the artlst s
fina l c bclce s.

(ontainment cell.
osee to te mporanly
tncc rcerete
capt ure<! sospects,

!,

This shoc k bato n

projects a~
electricol fleld ,
which d isables
su spec ts when th ey
enter it.
 Rü80T Fü U NO R Y L A W & O RD ER

• ~I-
When the Imperial Chinese land armada stole see- - "'I
ALSO_ .....
into Tibet, the holy men of the mountains defended Working
Traditiona/Iy. p.12
their peaceful lan d by willing into being 15 ,000 Artistic Rendering ,
p.16
tank- calmer ro bots, known as 'Steel l.ot uses' . Attochments ond
EmbelJishments.
Far from bei ng a killi ng machine , each rob ot p.34

was powered by 1,000 prayer wheel s .

Together the Steel Pecce-rcy
cppecrs os agur
to invoding ho' d
Lotuses swept 46 ,00 0
Imperial tanks back 8f(1in powered by
1,000 m iniatu re
over the border proyer wh eets.

with the people's

collective prayer
for peace . •

Exhaust system
produces minimolly
hCllo rdous byproducts.
/

'.

Fonighted desig"
rfc eyepiece js an ingenious crece of
equomcnt . ollowing the holy rncn to see St urdy mult ij oint Harmoniaus e lements
through remate eyes in 011 weothors. doy or leq-untts, Tbese bccoutul robots moved effort lessly
weig hted for
ruqht. lhe robot olso has olfoctory sensors ext ra stn blllty, ocross the landscope. The holy men allowed
lo smell out mvcoers. o handful to foil into Imperial honds. seccre
in t he knowledge tbct the nwcdes could
only understand me prcjcs.powered
mechorusrns by filst ccceptmq the message
of pecce.
 51E E l lDT US T A N K C AL ME R

-:11
5hape and balance
This design rs essent ially o
tapered cyli nder on leg s. Mo in bod y is t en-me curve d
a lmo st sp he rlcnl.
Const ructed in segments, tt cyunder
ormngement .
decrecses in drometer
towards the rea r where it
curves upwords t o form the
exhausto Oblongs c nd
triongles in the legs creote
a vi sual contrasto

A multitud!! of 2 3
curved e le ments
creetes Impression Legs resemble the
of a robot ' creat ure', limbs of Q quic:k,
scomperi ng animol.

• Simple forms Realism A xis

L 1 Note how an arrangemeflt

of simple rorms oroerncs 2 Legs must be cosnorec
corefull y for Q reohsttrolly 3 The axis o f balance will
shltt dcpendmq on the
,~ t he complexrty. balanced posture. pose of th c robot.

L-. Let your imagina lion

ond hond run fret'ly .~ (I.
\• to eeeete a fluid ",",. ~
drowing style. _:r. • ' /: .... Clear line style
~ :-C:. As watercolour will be used in the next
.\'./:':1,
e ......
•'\, stoqe. u iS better te a pply pencü-
shoding in o series of cnso. thi n unes
thcn to use a srnudqy shading style.

, Use not uro l tcoes e n<!

. ,•,.
gleom ing elements
th ot suit t hl! ro bot' s - -~~.
spirit uo l p urpo se. ,T

.. Watercolour mocds ... Dig ital co lour

Block in the colour using actual When addlng com digitolly lo a
wctecocor. or use diluted coeors
in Photoshop with a rnecsore
.
t; J ceoot drOWing, crecte a layer in
.
~>-;.;. Protosrcc with the bIend mode ser lo
o f trc nsocerc v to o eote the >«;~J~-:"" : MultiplY. This mainlains tbe brightness
sorne effect. l. of the coleo. while allowing the block
unes to show through.
Sketch io t he solid
eleme nts once you've
cought the rnood of
your robot.
 R O S OT FOU NORY L A W &.. ORD ER

111=1= •- see- - -'

By the late 25th century, most humans had
AlSO~-..I
given up their organic heritage and become Working
Traditionally , p.12
cybernetic organisms. The few remaining Developing Your
I deas, p.26
Bioforms were forced to hid e away or face Bit s and Widgets.
p.32
imm ediate exter mi nation. The elite cyPod s were
not allow ed to pollute th emselves wit h filthy
biological matter, so a hit squa d of flying
rob ots was pressed into service to finish
the Job for them the Exter rninator-sl

Wings act os
___ guido nce rcus.
Antig rovity generoto rs
housed within
body casing.

Stabililing rods
fiUec! with
gy' oscopic

adjustors.. ~~ . . .::~~
•

.o--_ Heat-sensit ive ' seeke r'

organ. mount ed on
gripper ptoboscls.
,
•
•
.
Deadly armoury ., Monstrous creati ons
The primary tools of the Extermmoto r's Crccted by t hetr mosters to resem bre msects
trad e a re ns ctow-típpod arms. Othe r cno other erectores that temneo Biofo rms,
weap on s con be ottochcc as well, includ ing t xtcm uoctors becam c fo nd of adorning
flame tbrowc rs, elect r ón -pulse ca nnons and tt emsefves w ith gruesome tr ophíes from
rcct.seeuoq kmer-vírus qreocoes. therr hunt ing exceomons.

l ail ends In
sensor cluster.
 T H E E XTE R M I N ATOR

Distinctive shapes Aerod ynamic lines Axis fa r f1ight

Each Exterminato r Is a NO reed to think much oboot balance The cos for a robot in flight ts d.fferent
ch alleng in g collectio n of 2 when drOW1ng the Enemtrotoe.
fnstecd giVe u on impressioo of soceo ond
3 from a r~ulal. land · based creotu-e.
con t ras ting sh a pes - f1aUened
a nd distorted oblonqs. sph eres mcoceuvroouny in the crr by foccsmq on ns
a nd cyhnders. The ñntshed sieek. cerodyocrmc lines.
desig n ts very dtsnncuve.
PIoted arrungement Hood shapes
so t hmk care f ully about
rcees ins pirotioo 'ra m hove odcIly
constructíon. ' eal ·world ersects. humon a specto

Not hing natural

The underlying soeces moy be
1 lnsectñke. but the coostrocton rs
detmctly mechonical. shctp and suuster.
If this robot ts an msect. it rs on
oggressiVe. deadly one.

Distortt'd obloogs s U9gest

mechc ntccl elements.

101:. chosen te
defioe edges aod
y A ppropr iate st y le enho nce solidity. ... M ultiply mod e
The drowlOg styre is jagged. jittcry Sean into Photoshop. then ceot e a new
a nd detoaec to erecto a scnse of loyer cnd set the mode to Muitiply_ Add
msecne complellity cod odvanced colour w tth Pcncil, Brush and Alrbrush
mochinc enginecring. tools and corost U5ing the Color
Balance. HuelSotu ration and
BrightnesslContrast mcnus.

Ir idescent
colours suggest
msectftke ports.

~ Experi me nt w it h calour
When addiog co cer in a proqrcrnroe
such as Ph otoshop, you hove an
amazing amount of ñecoorn to ccjust or
alter the colour in any way you Iike. I t i5 •
cjso easy to oecte new colour VQr iOt~
on the underlyiog drawiog itsell .
_ c-- - - - - - - ------- -
ROBOT FOU N DRY L A W s, DRD ER

As the multinational s gain ever -increasi ng see

ALSD_ .....
power, they also face greater hostility Their Rendering
Materia/s, p.18
aggressi ve weakening of federal powers has Attachment s and
Embel/ishments.
relegated much policing to being handled p.3l¡
Military
internally The Martial Queller is used to put Attachments , p.36

down protests and riots, and its mere prese nce

acts as a deterrent to those who wo uld fight the
euthorities Whenever corporate property is cPlot ed comm uniea t io ns
rroy maintains cc nsto nt
satellile com municatlo n
threatened , the Martial Qu ell er wade s in to wit h co rpo rate HQ,

crowds, vo miting tear gas and shattering

dissidents with its elect ric baton .
o
Chemical cc msters
f ¡re teor-gas and
o ther suppression
Sirk·fibre-<omf'O"ite ploting in a shells ¡nt o crowds.
blastproof snield, which is 0150
rnogl'let icol1y shlelded t o pretect
the robot from directionol EMP
Nonmilitory tough guy (electrornagnetic pulse) bIosts.
Although heovlly crrrccred and aggresslve. A wecve o f fU
this robot is not Q mllitOlY c\evice. so you strips enc ase¡
can espose Oleas between the ormoul ellplosive cha
which is detor
ploting. The humonoid wcmor design
th e robot fioc
crectes tbe irn pression ot a mobbed by
'co pomte Samuro¡'. cver loyal overwhelmioc
___ oumbers of e¡
to ns lord - in this cose the
board of directoes.

Implying strength High-powered

Hexcqoncl pkJting im plies g reot st re ngth in ele<:trk baton
the shie kfs mokeup. PoIY90n01stooes ore with plastic
splash·shleld
on excenent woy te creo te cttm ctwe. yet (to Pfevenl
l echni colly bclievoble. lorgc surfoce c rees in bod ily flu ids
robonc designo fTom s horti ng
t he o pe n
e fect rcd e s).
 4

MARTIAL QUELLER

Powerful pose Torso deslg " Tilti n g s h ields

A sq uatting warrior po se can As w it h m any robots, its lower torso Thc shoulder protes ore unce fOlWards
be used to qrect ad vontage in 1 und pelvis are relat rvely t hin 000 2 to deflect buacts owoy from the torso.
this robot. Its shield Is clso mostly structural.
shaped and sízed for use in
protect ing t he t orso wit hout Aggressive os pect
obstructing the alreody heavily Both the shield a nd boton ore held
ormoured leqs. 3 owny from the body in o defio nt ly
oqq ressfve displa y posture.
The shield dcesn't
differ f ondamentaUy
""ir fro m th is simple
rectang le: a section
Though t he urm connects has merel)' been
with t he shleld 01 the r:h cut ou t .
elbow, it sti ll cc nt tnues in
len gth os a struc tura fly
strong mooring.

bbe
T Inorgonic shopes
"O Allhough CUJvC'd. the shapcs usoc in the
rqe. dcsrqn are not qui te o rqcmc, giving en
\ot~
industrial a nd unpleasant csoccr to o robot ... Office r robot
's ¡tst
ttcrs more brutal than n rs sopr enccted Use of blue, whlte and yellow add to O
I coece-cñce-ue opcecrcrce. wIlich has
viliort
becn odapted by the leosing comconies

, lo mcmtom the ídcntifiable coiour-

schemcs of tb e old oothouncs.

The bexcqoes ore keyed in

with t he elements they
t OlKh Inctlce how ot her
elements seern te line up
with t hem consiste nt ly).

... Persped ive o n de t a ils

Not e how the Dcrken the m uscu lar cabl e bundle!. that con The mod olar riot -shield
hexogons will be Ioid and baton do I'IOt share
in Ioter wit h the oid be seen in tf-e gops between the o rmour
the some colaor-sctleme
of the compote.. pIoting so tnct they ' Sit bock' from tbe as tne robot lt self.
(don 't bother with vrewcr's eyc, aeating tbe ímpresuon of a
a roler).
g lim pse into the anato m y of the robot.
 ROBO T FQU NOR Y L AW s, ORD EI~

In the age of the globalized A personal sotel lite

nccts oround ___
see- - -'
robot . offering ALSO _ .....
Umfie d Chu r ch, heresy has r«onnaissonce
and dctoüed Deca/s and Lagos,
sensor)' p.20
ushered i n a new I nquisition. information
to its host.
Develop ing Your
I deas, p.26
!t's in this crisis that a robot Attachme nu and
Embelli sh menfs ,
like the Purger must play the p.34

dual roles of spiri tual healer

and cl eanser of heathen
communities Whenever a
heretical movement is
detected, the Purger is
sanctio ned to descend on
•
the community at night,
cutting down men,
Enlarged
women and children, sheot h and
bcyo net
arr a)'.
bur nmg everythi ng to
the ground to clea nse
the land of sin .
Fixed f1amet hrower
wit h bayonet and tank of
compressed, j ellled napalm.

Comp lex ci rcuitry slerce ond fearless

The sotenne ts alll'lOSl Art-Dem style in ' Intimidoting' sums
cscect. The scteune iS de';igned up the impl"esSian
to be o compícteíy uoormou red cntity YOu worrt to (feote with
with almost bare orcuíuy. indicoting t his design! The rncj ortty of comtct tc kes
. thct tt's packed w ith corr olex sensors place at very clase qucrters, result ing in the Electrtcclly
and cicctronrcs. Purqcr's predo tory cppcomnce - ond rts moti vated rozor
Iarge complemcnt o f bladcs. wíres wi th boyonet
becd s t hrosh ond
f1ail O(OUoo
the robo t.

_ ._"
 E NC YCLI CA L P U R G E R

l .. .
The fear af Gad The entire
The Purger rs o bogeym on: uppe r t orso
is unmO'ling
designed speciñccuy to instil
and ron be
dreod from every cnqle. even approllimaled Natice haw shifted
wit h tts proüle ond the shcpes in a ne the lawer pcrt 01
t he body ís from Far 011lnterrts
unifar m shcpe.
of it s body pcrts. Bristling with Ihe olignml' nt of cnd perpcses.
knlves. ond wit h o bc re skull Ihe t orso. t he weight ls
ptcced straig ht
sunken int o th e hulking torso, dawn tne leg ond
the Purg er is o twtsted. on to t be heel.
humonoid designoPloying more
o f an csscsstn's role - with it s
torget being unsuspectmq
civi lions - this robot is more 2
ogile looking t hon n would be
if it had o heavily or moured,
m ilitory oppeoronce.

-
look outl Buil t·in weoponry Amazing rozars
The robot Í5 twisted The flamcthrowcr is on The skirt al the bad af
1 round to rt s IefL os Ir
Iooking over ns shoulder.
2 extensíon of tbc
tceecr m rothe t han o Iimb
3 tbe robot reuses l win
rolls of rczoe wire.
secuon replccerncnt.

... Bu g-Iikl' segm ent s ... Re g al cetou rs

A strange, nsoctne sejmen tcnon ts used Use an opulent coloorscr erne bcre to im ply
uniformly intre desíqn - in morked the almost regal status invested in the robot
cootrcsr lO eíements like tne sctejhte by its owners. who've abviously poured
and flometlYower. incalculable funds into its cecboo.
Much of t he robot
ts plioble ond,
therefore, has an
Ofgon lc quolily to its
compo nent sbcpes.

Dc rken t he far 11'9

dromat ically lo
sepuscte it and place
it in perspective.

... Hateful po te Not ice how t hl'

tleod tex t ure
A darkened mass of wrigg ling shopes swells 000 colour
up to tbe bcre. skull·like head of tbe robot. shifts slightly
The orstoct. metallic sheen ot the blcdes Í5 from the
rest of t he
applied al t he coloufing stoqe. so iccve out robot ,olmost
bold highlig hts ot tbrs poo t. resembling bane.
RQUOT FQU ND R Y LAW & DRD ER

•-e While not combot see- - -'

This robot is an exhaustive crmcured , the robot is
ploted for protection ALSO_ ---'
overhaul of the second Soviet from as teroids a lld
space debns. Drawing ond
Resea rch, p.l0
Space Programme's cosmonaut Artistic Rendering,
p.1 6
buddy system Mounted with ) # Attachments ond
' / / Embel/ishments.
independent and solar power ) p.3~

sources, and equipped

with dual gauss guns ,
the Orbital Delegate Dockinq exteosícn fof
connectinq to its
now circles the Earth service space station.

shooting down any

Extensíons unf llri
satel1ites
•
that contravene into hug e solar
col1ectillg pcoets.
sanctions and treaties.

Coil gllllS mounted in

dual setup for more
ccnt rcllc ble recoil.

Don't deslgn a heavyweight Flower power

r tese mechani~ seem sieroe ond lile Orbital Deleqete ooes nol nccc lo be a
oeíccte when placed beside tbe large robot 'ugged robot. os it ñccts in lhe vocu um of
HQwever, In sccce. tbe only recl stresses spoce. It rs on ost.ro·artillery pece rotber
lo t be guns a re ccosed by flring t hern, than a machine designed for ccrotct. l eqs terrmncte
in com plex
llleir dcsign is linear and soeocneed Ac:Iditional pa,ts and equipment bIossom retre-bccstee,
but ccrta inly not robcst by terestncl out of it me petots on a flower.
wropon'y storocros.
 ORBITAL DELEG ATE

Zero-gravit y design zero-atmosph ere conslderations Polnts to remember

Due te its environment, the Remember this robot üccts but oceso't ThiS robot is very sceocnzeo. so fui!
Orbital Delega te enccunters
no grav itotional stresses and
1 fly. so its proñle rs not oerodynomic. 2oucccuco ond monoeuvrobihty are
not really necesscry.
st roms. Its Iimbs fun ctfon only
os crtkulcuon ond are no t Designed for its environment
load beoring. The exceptíon is The robot moves in on unnatufOl but
the orm s, wrnch connect the 3 precise mormer, totolly unlike a human,
guns to t he torso and need to
be relo ti vely reinforced. Thrs rs
one of the rore coses where
axis ond ground ptcne ore not
Thebody
po" tlM ;' not
sy mmetriccl
a¡
leovoq ns profile inorqomc.
The$e t wo
mo in cylinder$
run right
vital fo ctors in your designo but 0150 not <::::::) t hrOl.lgh t he
dramat lc, 0$ 1. middle of
it enns in the te rse,
o vocuum. _ _, bi$ect lng It .

The t wo cail gun$ ~=~

afe complet ely
identical, 0$ are
their mount ing $.

1 2 3

... Space robots ... Environmentoi hczcrd s

Space is e n erwíronrreot totaUy d ifferen t Use reñecnve wtntes 000 rretcmc coces,
from that in whiCh rT"IOSt robots wi U herve t o indudlng goIds. in obundance. On tbe robot
nocnco. 000 ttus will be reñectcd in e'Vf!fy they wauld prevent ex treme overheoting
ospect of you r designoSctclhte and spc cc frorn the suo's fOYS. Glowing lights c nd LEOs
Even t he lor ge
stcnon srcccs and prcpornons are tlat pla nes in
resemblc rhose of sotemtes oro
exceüeot sources of reference nee. t hi$ dt'5ign contemporory spoce technology.
$hould hove a
$light deq ree
of ambit'nt
$hading.

... Getting the Iighting right

Alth oug h not who lly cccurcte to the sharpl y
controsting Iighting of obJects in sooce. your
shoding should leen towcros a basicolly
Tht' $hape$ of thi$ robot recnsnc pcet rc yct. baJancing reousm with Bright ond meteü-c, tht' colOl.lf$
are a rewl l of ns complex of th e Orbito l Oelt'gote
$lructure ond serve no the necd lo maintain mteresunq dctca. resembre otht'r preces of
outward pcrpose. mochin ery and spcce debris
thct sptn in the Earth '$ orbit .
l'l. l 11;;)..:.,¡C~,.L:.
In the future , hardcore policing is entrusted see- - '"
ALSO _ --,
to machines. Their impassive minds are Render¡ng
Materials, p.1a
fool proof i nsur ance against corru ption in setenne dish Joints and
estcbüshes upl ink
for dota on
Movement, p.30
the police force . The Bounty Hunte r curre nt bounties. Attachments and
Embe llishments,
5earch-Hunt-Kill (5HK) 300 deals with p.3.4

the most dangerous criminals . It operates

Differently coloured head
with great stealth, and can ond pla ting denote recenUy Curved , h unched
repleced ports thot hove )'('t profile crec ees a
engag e in extended pur suits that t o be camouflaged. smatler tor90.>t for
s mall-orms t ire.

would not be humanly possible

The 5HK 300 uses an
autonomous Al and, when needed,
it can quickly connect with the
centr al police mai nfr ame. This
robot is deployed
whe n a Judicial
decision has been made.
Often, the target is Me t al clows gr ip
with (1 force of "000
pounch. SHK 3005 hove
executed on the spot been known to np t he
orm s off fl eeing crimi nol s
while in hot pu rsuít .

Ptot ing Is hec vy on

t he fron t of the robot,
os this ts t he most
probable directlon fo r
obsorbi ng incoming nre.

Death ' s head Simple purpose

The 5HK 300' 5 heod can move fre ely This robot was designed to
t o aim at anything in Its ñeld of vlew. display its smtster fu nctton.
Its íntncote to rgeting systems are and its predat ory cnd hunc hed
concent roted ot th e stdes of its posture ilIustrate ttus role.
fcce and neck, as ore its decdüest Conceclment being ímportc nt.
wecpons: two Iinked pulse guns. one the robot wos designed with a
lonq-rcnqe toser. and one non lethal camouflag ed pa int job in mi nd
bcjüsuc disobler. (something that can, if not
carefully planned, create
a muddl ed image ).
 BOU NTY HU NTER SH K 300

Shoot first The hunc hback of intentellar space Animal-like

The shopes are st rictl y The Bounty Hunter IS humonoid with a The 10119 bcrret shope cbove the lcgs
functi onaL 1t m ust move 1 dominoting, curved, orrnoured proftlc
ond o hunchcd back.
2 ccts as a farward h inge to ollow the
Hunle. te 'eco 00 ro 011 fours ct a rromeu's
quíckly. sheet c ccurctety.
ond withstond the hcrsbest ronce for swifl ccune Jl1OV(!fTlf'nt,
conomons. The robot Is fitted Core stability
with jump j ets allowlng for AlthOugh huoched in shopc ond stcnce.
sbort penods of lim ited f light.
With the help of smoller
3 the robot has a V('fy stoble struetule.

articuloted j ets. u can The hull contai ns

make very complex and the central
unexpected mcnoeuvres. rornputer one! is
curved to deflect
enemy fire. ----,-.J

This Bounty Hunter

ts organic ond
lnsectile in d~¡9n. ,' L ~'9</ Simple Ieg
sha¡M!S will
become
onimoHi ke later.

1 2 3
( reot e ('Yt!'Y sectian
on a se pcrete layer
so you con easlly
chonge onJy tncse
c ree s of the robot
you disllke.
... Laye n a nd light ... Layen a nd d et a il
When you're scusñcd wit h thc hnework ene The f inal oppnccuon of octcus can be the
hove comrrntted it te ooe Iayel, the rext most time-coosuming phcse. Flc u en on
• stcqe is adding coiour 000 vo/ume. Fill in the Iayers to ore fOf po inting ecse. U'>C ue
loyer under the hnework. Choose your Iight zoom func tion to add very fine de~o ils.
soorce corefully, und tct it guide you when To mc ke the robot cppecr used
you stcrt uddtnq your «aocr. '" , ond worn, crecte a ncw layer
00 top ond pomt 00 sorne
serete-es o nd stoms.

Add sorne camaufl oge

patterns ond morkings
Shade ond colour for en oddit ionol
severoJ voriot ions element of interes!.
of the robot.
compare.and
choose the best.
... Dig ital drawin g
Tlloughtte whole image rs done in
Ptotosooo. tte ñrst stage is olwoys
freeho nd uncwoik. The test Ihing obout
drowing on the corrouter ts the pcssosny
fOl" changing the pictcre Ihroughou t tre
croot ive process without Ioss of qualily. You
con ecsüy zoom in und add fine details.
The Samurai Guard is a r epur posed military see- - -'
ALSO _ ---'
robot converted for private, civilian use The Working Digital/y,
p.li¡
civilian model lacks the built-in weaponry of Artistic Rendering.
p.16
the military ve rsion but retains some of the Rendering
M ateria/s, p.18
armour plating and ECCM (electronic
counter-co unter- measures) protective
- - This sensor octual1y
systems The head is separate from the e~ tend s during use,
ond can retroct
during ccenbct,
body, held in place with a proprietary
antigravity/ electromagnetic system.
This allows the robot to use the TM tace mosk is
decorat ive. o nd dients
wha desire jess
head as a floa ting remote camera og gre ssive cppec ron ces
for guord duties tend
l o hove tht' 'oclory
The clothing is primo.lty defoutt replaced.
ccmpcsed of synthetics
(lOO is d@Signedtorip ea sily
lo I'frYent opponen ls
fro m using it as a __
co mbot ad vonto ge.

The KEI GO personal sKurity robot

This particular consumer model wcs
design ed w it h integra l armour ond j oint
protectlon built into its 'clothlnq'. lts
proportions clso preclude rt weoring
human d othing. Commercial retcñers
often customize the robot 's face plate.

",
Decorative Int imidat ion
The KEIGO was planned to resemble
o fearsome statue standing still in a
room during a senstnve meeting,
causing the intimidated to fret over
the hkehh ood of t his stot ue suddenly
springing to life and attocking.
 SAMURAI GU ARO

Human nature
This robo t. llke the others. can TM head is
be broken down into simple approximotedd~f-_.. I
J~~~~~here
shopes such os cubes ond to inelude
the he lmel.
cylinders. The desig n of t hts
robot rs intended to resernbfe
the human body but with
exoggeroted proporttons thot
emphcstze tts mcssíve stoture.

Bosicolly humonoid. The fists ore

t his robot has a wide oggressively
ond stable stc nce. e1enched .

1 3

Shapely composition Artist's mod el Core sto bility

The posture ond cttltude AlthOU9h hum ano id. thi s ThOu9 h yo u moy nevcr
1 01(> defined ct the bcs«
ccosuucnco stoqe. SO be sore
2 robot stand<; at on
ortificially stiff angle. ils
3 show orear stot of yoo r
ñnrsbed robot, understanding
u conveys the feel you wor rt chest thrust stoícoüy forward. its structcre from this angle
fOf your f inol desíqn. wil l hcíp yoo .
... Bold unes
Refine a nd t igh t('fl up the oetous ond dcsign ... Bosic colour
ideos that yoo explored in tbe initial sketch. Once the e1ementary colour b10ds or e
ronceotrcte oetcas in the roce. a nd go ter opplied. wor k up t he br igl''lter spo ts of colou r
bcld . block unes. ond dctoiling. especiolly on the foce. Apply
Use o simple highlíghts whefe the light shines on tbe
light ond dark downword -focing surfoces o f tbe beco.
colour scheme. Md o subtle wo sh of
wcrm colour over
tne whole po inting.

Indicote the glow of

t he levlt(lting devlce In
the pit of the neck with
(1 stro n9 highlight_

For visua l unity.

moke su re the
grophieal motifs ... Backgrou nd
repeat through In yoor d igital pointing progromme.loy
the designo down Q l ectongl e or o warm red. orange or
brown colour in thc backgro und. Then tr y
pointing tre robot in complementary hucs.
Many great robotic advances Develop lng Ideas ~ An eorly
Ir" o good idea to sketch out prototype ha s
will be made i n the consumer simple exumplcs of youl only two mms.
hclper robot intelOcting wtth
electronics market and comcsuc humon objecls
in the kinch of sctnn qs tbe
tomorrow 's robotic grenadiers robot is lntended for.

may well be today's robots

designed to walk the family dog.
Pleasant in appearance and
adapted to a varietv of tasks ,
these robots are a boon to
... This sketch
humanity Although personal captures tre
orm moeemeots.
helpers have smíling,
approachable faces and are
ver y user-friendly, th ey
incorporate all the high-tech
design and intricate robotics
... This voncuon rs
you would fm d in the most recoqnlznbly human
in oopecronce.
cutting -edge machm e.

The helper robot moy

even tcke on humon
qestures suth as resting MULTIARMED
ns hond on ns knee. ROBOT
From 0 11 ongles
Helpef robots give tbe ortiSl a wioe ronge
of probable opprooches. When designing.
rememter tbct yocr robot will hove to
« rteroct w ith peopIe.
The hip pivots Wh~ s lnstecd of Iegs
in movement, j ust d idn "( s eem t e
just like (1
humons dces.
fill}-¡i'i'I IT1Qtch the eexteccs
uppef body.
 A hell)ef robot's The sty liled fe mele
ell.trem it ies should be
oble la interoct with
objects desig ned for
mce is intended te
o id in intefoctio n
with h umo n owners.
11111
human use.
I

",
."
u '

As o robot hes no
problem conltollil'lC}
mony different
oppendoges. tbese
lim bs a re orronged
in o set o, four.

Tbe seqrneete d
... A more worked-up sketch
o rms hove a
wíde rtl l'lC}l! shows the design the artist ha s
of movement. chosen to develop.

rne hip }aint

oppeors os on
ell.oggeroled
boll ond socke t. , l'
,~
I

,-

Aesthetic de<:isions
- , will be prevalent in
hetper robots: note
l hese mock heers.
ROSOT FOUNORY A 5 5 1 5T AN T

The ADIUVO Mark IV is the see-~"'I

ALSO
most advanced consu mer lite ts Your Palette,
p.21
perso nal - assistant robot in th e The cercmlc/resín lomts and
mote riol ollows orqcn¡c,
Movement , p.30
oesthet i(olly pleosing,
Adiuvo ra nge, whic h bega n i n humonold shc pes to be Bits ond Widgets,
moss-produced. p.32
the late 21st century with the
original toylike Adiuvo I (see
The humanoi d
page 4 3) The current model proportions and sree of
t his ADIUVO mc del
has greatly expanded functio ns all ow it t o weor human
ctct hes when necessc ry.

and abilities and is oft en used

in civil and industri al situations
as .well as in its intended
domestic r ole.

light weight
ceramiclpolycorbonote
resln exoskeleton.

The exosketeton is
slightly flex ible, but
jcints ore stm needed in
the exterior skin t o oltow
full ronge of movemen t . __-....._

Humanoid rhythms Simple construction

The overall design is mtended to This robot can be broken down
resembre the human bod y: the facial into simple shc pes such as cubes
features and expression should clso. and cylinders. which mokes it eosy
Use the eyes to m im ic a human qoze. to draw.
 A D IUV O MAR K IV

Mimic o.
l1=J
Off·axis stance stfong,
Push t he boxes and cylinders mc sculfne
bod y t ype.
off t he vert ical axis. The
wetqht of t he robot still needs
to be cent red, but tts body
can lean and introdu ce ge ntl e
curves on d ' S' shapes into Its
standing pose.

Th is robot con move

subtly o.nd con w y
meo.ni ng thr0tf9h
humo.nl ike t ouches
such os o sligh t turn Use humonUke
of the hecd.
j oints on d your
1 2 3 robot wi ll be

;s:~:Z:=:::<c::¡;:::~~~~~~O~bl e humcnltke
to mcke
gest ures.
,
Shapely sh apes Artist's model Core stability
By gracefully roundi ng Make use of a wooden Like a human, your robot
1 tre eierentcry stcoes
used, the robot rs oble to
2 crtrst's rrcoer when
drawing the MOfk IV. Models
3 neeos a strong spme ond
a pelvis l o cnctsc en uprigh t
rT\OV(! in a fluid, human way. are cvcncblo al ony fine cc mc qe cno a strooq storce.
.>- '; ,
nrt store.
S~ mentotio ns
ond other desig n
elements should
.,.
'''ti, Id

'Y The right tone

echc humnn
anotom y. ~~ ".r-. Once tbe bese forms ore reroerod adj ust
tbe colour ond scnaouon but eceo rt subtíe Overoll design should
rete m o fri endly
to ollow the sotcrcted scot-cooors in the
eppeorcece.
eyes to stand out If-e dnterent 'Shades will
cmpnosize certoin muscle groupi ngs os well.

With the co lour

blccked in, yo u con
olter the hue ond
saturctícn if you wish .

... Superhum an
The linework on this robot iS C"SS€'Otially of
lile mejor musde groups of the human ... Finish ing
body. Leaving these rncsocs exposed gives The oddition ot dork, almost block. join t
the AOIUVO MQfk IV not only o human but rrctencr cdcs a 3·0 quolity to the robot.
o 'supethumcn ' cok. Use onotomicol cbcns Spcctccotcr high!igh ts and glowing green
to qet th e m usctes just rtqht. cyes complet e t he design,
R OU O T FOU NDRY A S 515 T A NT

The seventh Tokugawa , a see- -

ALSO_ .....
great patron of Karakuri Drawing and
Research, p.10
design duri ng the Edo period , Deve/oping Your
Ideas, p.26
commissioned this ro bot . }oiOCs ond
Movement , p.30
Used to entertain guest s
with its charm ing grace as it
carefully presents its hosts Tea far the hcst and
his guest is presented
on a lacquered tray.
with tea, the Ka rakuri has
also been used spari ngly in
Japanese Noh theatre ,
much,, to th e shoc k Two pneum at lc
pumps funct ion as
of the audience th e Karokurj ' s prime
mode of movement.
when they
lorge lacquer box
discover that the contains t he cogs
aod switchingoboxes
that control the ctr
masked actor is robes that leed to
the Korokuri.
a robot.

Ge isha .girl ro bot

The wig ond foce reserrole o worpcd
mpresston of a Getsho. The hmr ts real
and has to be ueo bac k and arrongcd in D elica t e f u.ictfon s
the trodrttonot fushion, just like O real Tanned skin tubing Wi lh o dcsíqn tnc r's purcly for show. the
woman ' s. Dotcüs such os the heighlened deuvers com pressed Kcrcju r¡ percrms ooly Simple teses. rts Shint o cncrms ole
ail from the
eyebrows ond light lipst ick ore ccoueo l o ma in pum ps. Pfimory role rs l o cncrm guests. Resembling f ixed to t he engine
box aod ore said to
olreody·pale porcelaio. a Iife·Sil (' doll in oess.tnc Karokuri rs cisc help instil the
coostJained by the nmas ct how far the Karakuri with o soul
tubing will reoch rron tre ens ille lhat
powcrs il
 KARAK URI

ll-=
H uma noid figure Tube connections Posture and legs Characteristk stance
The robot ís dist inct in that it The f igure 000 the Note tnc permonently ceuccte. fem inine
can be approximated as on
elongated human figure, Basic
1 rogine ere seccrctc.
connecteo only by tubing.
2 bowed posture and Iegs
that don't tcck st ra ight.
3 A
postura rs en importcnt
elcmeot in creo nnq tho
structure and articulation are ímpressron desíred by
fundamen to lly humonoid, so the orttst.
employ your Iife-drowing
skil1s to do j ustíce to the
ñqure's gestures.
TI'Ie hay will balance
on th is arm tu will be
_ig hted on the side
of t he ectunl teopat).
T
The Iaq ~red bcx
and cylinders are
kept somewhat
sim ple, so t hey
don't de t rnct
attent ion from
the actual robot .

2
The layen of doth 1
will drope ceer
t his fra me. Q

" Pa tte rn co nsidera t ions The block lacquer

Dcn't be too coocemed wtth poneros on is defined by t he " Creoting parcela in
tiniest applicat ion
the kimono a l this pont-, u woulo be far The ooceiom skin is of the pclcst while.like
of shine on sharp
too much I rouble lo carry tbese t hloug h. eoqes and paints tbot of a coeneson or Geisho. 000 thrs
Potteming con be npphed in row colour ot of highlight. starkly cootrcsts with the rich cocees 0 00
t he end of the process, pctters of the kimono.

Tiny tc uches add

disproportionate
jnt erest , such as
the Geisha-style
lipst ick application.

I
... Heavy co ntrast
Heavy decrccs ot ccoucsr ore slolling lo
develop a l tt ns poinl- for e xcrnpie in the
balance of dark hair 0 00 block kx:q uer with
shining porceknn e ro goId .

Some influences
Ies peclolly in the face)
hove been taken from
th e styliled oktyc-e
woodbtocks of Jopan.
...- - - - - Krrl'fU'nmnr¡rnVYIAí's5'sITSrs TANT - - - -

1I~ll -
This legendary living s t a t ue is sculpted from see
ALSO _ .....
clay and instill ed with holy life to function as a Drawing and
ReseQ(ch, p.10
serva nt to its cr eator and as a protector of the Art istic Rendering.
p.16
community The writing on its forehead gives it Bits and Widgets.
p.32
the spark of life and removing part of this
inscription can deactivate the The uerem's gu ise ts
thet of on anclent
Golem. Although it makes Judoic priest, sign
t e pec pre of ca
Q

Ga le rn's relo lían te

an excellent assistan t, a its robbin icol cnct Of".

Golem is apt to get stuck

• _ - -- - This eyebc u tS whOl
:- the Golem a ct ua lly
in loo ps and perform the sees with, a nd it
swivels and gl ows
same ta sks ove r and os it looks orou nd .

over-aqam .

Four orms (lid i n

man ual lobour.
Me tal plo.les
l ied te torso
.. with red clot h.

AII.seeing eye Creo.ting d oy te xtu res

w hereos the conventiOnal pair af eres are The GoIem ts a servant crected ou t of OOy
blank ond cleodened. in tbe glowifl9 orb af foe manual Iobour. so try te créete e worn.
Ole drawn eye ttct the Golem U~ te see ch ipped. rU9ged texture. rre GoIem is not
tbe WOfId. Ihts eye's inoo light ülumínctes an aggrC'SSOf and cpoccrs strong ono
ond CO!OUfS t he surrounding doy ond stecotcst rather thon dangerous.
complcments the ovcrcn colour-schemc.

_ _ Spikes. in the Ieet

ensure stabi lity.
 THE G O LEM

DolI·like joints The upper o rm

The Golem 's shc pes and joints are secttc n Is more
similar in appearance to t hose of o Hke o draping
s~ thon o
don. It adopts Q st iff, erudely body port.
huma noid stc nce.

The o rm se pa ro te s

- --
Int o o new
seqmeot o t This primitive
the elbcw. sha pe is
2 3
'~
basicallya
hoo pskirt
surro unding a
po ir of Ieqs.

Ready for action Freedom of movement An imitation of life

The GoIem awaits The boll joints The design iS essenuoüy
1tus croes. 2 coenecteq thc orm
seqments allow a wide
3 humanoid, so call on
your ufe-drowinq skills.
fOnge of movemen.

... Watch your shading

The shoding of the day iS ccoseteruover The cent rol glowing
blue highlig ht s oreas
t he whole robot. of oronge glozing.
In thls cose. the doy
has been maUe
glozed , so the
reflect ions a nd
te xtures shou ld be
neithe!'" t oa shiny.
no, t oa dull.

... Mat eria ls

Hard, chipped. ecrthcn sbooes are «quíred
here, so keep things orqomccuy rooqh OM
uneven. Keep in min<!o however. that 011 (he • Defining substance with colour
elemenls are quite stlft and unyielding. The da y rs well,woJn. cmpoeo ond glozed
Conslstency ts «nportont te ensure tbot the wit h deep. warm huesoExceptions are t he
Galern's becooress. for exomple. is renccuve rretot txecsrpcte. red ues and tre
obviousIy made of the sorne rrcteocr os hiS glowing b1ue eye. The metal chest pIote
skin. ond so oo. reücc ts the ccioes around 11.
ROSO T FO U N D R Y A 5 5 1 5 TAN T

An Obeah servant of a witch , fashioned fro m SEE

ALSO ____
wood, br onze and gourd s Wholly subject to the Drawingo nd
Research, p.1 o
will of its creator, a Witch Puppet is usually Artistic Rendering,
p.16
deployed for mental tasks and is kep t out of sight. Developing Yoor
I deas, p.2 6
A monkey has been sacrificed so its spír ít can
inhabit each limb, and E)'l!1i on the mask ere
c1<m!d; l h'! puppet
through the Sl:!1!'S
human re maíns ar e pointf!<! t hird eje.

encased in the head

Scythe for rllMlping
to manífest a th e witch's horvlBts.

controlling spir-it . ~_- Brooch from a

cemett!ry be'! fools
Folktales
•
tell of a time t h'! ccptbe scct into
t hinking of tht!
PUPJH!t os its right ful
wh en Witch Puppets fiBt ing plcce.

destroyed whole Second poir of

orms ends In tong,
sharp ñn qers for
towns i n ju st t hreshing mtllet .

a matt er (urf!<! gotmb.

holtowed aM
of minutes. used os k'!y ports..

Tonned skins
drcwn tight over
bowed, woode n
fmmes.

Period pieces
Remernbcs to keep the mc tencls in your Bundles of
design ccos steot wñh this crc e ot robo t's tied grosses. Orgonic ond constructed parts
t ime and setnoq. For exomple, lhis curvec A1most whoIly rcsncoco from gat hered. orga
wooden crest ÍS bound by gross twine, and por ts. this rccct's only ort¡flCially modc
tbe sone is rrcoc from stained, eerncnts are its b1ades o nd baubles. As Wlth
inlerconne<:ting wooden venebce. In your Spry. strong otbcr puppets. 011 molion ond stre ng th a re
vcrsroo. üll c t trcsc motencls should cppenr soptings oerweo from outside roces (in thrs case. mo~
worn and well v scd used os feet. w hkh lccves it strangcly ococotronco.
 •
WITC H PUPPE l

Textu re emphasizes character The nb coge is o l1 te rior ly

Most of the Wit ch Puppet rs composed shertened (shortened
of Iight ly foshton ed. org anic shc pes. so towo rds the fro ot) en d
la t e ra Uy e longa ted.
tcke a look at real twigs ond grasses for
mspircnon. Sections - Iike the tree
branches - can be drawn to resemble
bon es. em phcsrztnq t he puppet's
deot hly noture. Remembe r to keep o
design like thís sprightly. however, so
t hat tbe robot appears Iight on its
feet . rother t han heovy ond machinelike.

l ower set of
orms is in a
1 3 restiog posit ion.

Arranging Iim bs Functionali ty Arms and shoulders

Be careful nol to mcke the Thcse prlmltive clomen ts A loterally elongated
1 four arms too jumbled.
Core has been token in the r
2 are the keys to dcstqnmq
o sncrqe. but plousibly
3 torso provídes a
mount for tbe mm ancl
on angement te allow them O rurw::tlonal, body type. shoulder rotctíon
full range of l'TlOIo'mlenl

, ... Craftsm anlike colours

Cotours are 011 warm und dry: stctned wood. - "
dned qross ond plont material. The colours
a re müoenced by
... Care with shading trcontooor AfriCen
Rcmembcr rct to obsose the textures arts ond c c tts,
(t he tscoes of gross. thc graiosof wood)
when applylng your shoding. The wood iS- '"
stcmed, but not varnished. so don't moke
it too shiny.

lO<Ken up when drowing

this robot. Remembet"
that ~ moterials
hOVoe befll grown. not
rnanufoc:tured.

.4. Deliberat e looseness

The lincwork is loase. but ns not cc rcress.
lile rotcbes and impcffect ions in the Use deep. o rgonic
id.
Mast of the design colours, especiolly
lines shouId cppecr dehberotelyorganic, on the metals tlKlt
is quite dar". Keep
not ITlessy. "ey poiot$, such as hove begun to rust o
the roce, pale a s
a ccot rcst.
R oa O T F O U N D RY i\ 5 5r 5TANT

, -
Revealed in 177D to the see- - '"
ALSO_ ....
amazed court of George IIl, lile hecd is Drowing and
jccq oered wood- Research, p.10
the Gentleman Gardener was a light. but resilient
to weather ond
Rendering
wecr ond loor. M a !eria/s, p.18
gift from the Fr ench monarchy
at the end of th e Seven Years' tn cc pcbre of speech.
the Gentlema n Gordener
War . The robot's creator was whistles seve rol popular
tunes as he worh. Powered
thought to be an apprentice of by be llows in his che st
covity, he seems to breethe
I).etween songs.
Jacques De Vaucanson
(1709-1782) the great To peotect the
delkate wo rki ngs
inside the robot, the
au toma ton buil der S a dly, the ccct ls t reeted,
woterpraaf lect her.

robot was destroyed in 1785

by the King wh o, in a fit of
madness, was convinced tha t
the robot was mocking him in
French as it raked the leaves .
Programmed activit y
The qlcss-fron ted cbest piece has a sec ret lock mechcmsm
to allow cc cess to the dockwork interior. A rotating d evice
rnstde holds o vcrtety of tcsk-spectñc cartridges. With a
Iittle study, lt is posstble to alter the mforrnctíon on tbese
cortridges monuolly and reprogramme the robot.

-,
Secret mecbcnísm
Hidden within the
rouer is a steom
enqtne to aid
locomotion. The
Gentleman Gardener
rsn't strong enough
to push such a weight l he feet never fully
leave the g rOllnd.
and Is merely the A conc ealecl metal
mec ns to steer ít. whefl is olwa~ in
contad wit h the
earth for purposes of
e lectríco l cond uction.
 GE NTL E MA N GARDENER

Lifelike machine
The desig n w as influenced by
automoton desig ns o f the
:r o
The orms ore
mechonicolly
symmetrical,
r('Y1!Qlir\9 t he true
inorqonic nature
eighteenth ond nineteenth of the robot.
cent ury. The croftsmen of th is
t im e strove fo r o n 'ímrtotton
of hfe' ond desired t o create
rea list ico lly huma n mochines
The weight is
using the moteriols at thei r d istrlbuted
d ispo sol. moinly on to
the f ront foot .

I n order to COrM!'y
o sense of motian,
1
moke tM robot Ie<ln
forwo rd very slightly.
2
3 e-=:>

I solated shapes 'Rol!' model (ore stability

The Gardener js a The robot leans forword For the scke of pushing
1 humanoid bipedol figure
mode out of cylinders
2 slightly as he onects
the ro ller.
3 the roller, ensure thct th e
robot Is standing centred in
and bcxes. rela tiOf1 to the hondlebor.

.. Linework ... Shading in Paint er Add on overlay

The drawing \YOs ocre with For shad ing, U">C an acrylic dryblush in te bring out the
a standard octtsrrcn's Pointer, Thrs brush g ives o nce qmmy ccntmst between
the shiny metol
peneil (HB), texture ero is especiolly 900d fOl and t he duller
dothing. Over t he lineWOfk, colour a d ot h m uter jels.
mult iple lcyer in 60% grey.

Use genUe shoding

for most of t he
design os there ore
no hi gh·contrast
mercts presento

\
Ensure thot t he roll ~r ... Traditio nal colouring
ls symmetricol ond
corefully constructed; AppIy an eorthy paJette Iayer in a ñct
u's the kind 01 device colour. Da sorne colour reseorcn t o identify
that can immediately the coiours thot would hove been in popular
100k st ronge if
slightl y skewed. use during the time penco. Afterward, use o
drybrush to add colour vonoots such as the
hrovily rc oqeo cheeks and lips.
R O B O T F O UN D RY A S S I STAN T

The Dornesti c Ang el w as the darling of the see- -

ALSO
I deal Home Exhibiti on in 1951 Th e w orking Working Digital/y .
p. l -4
prototype wa s a gli mpse i nto the fut ure that Rendering
M at eria/s. p.18
few could resist. By the end of t he 1950s, Bits ond Widge!s,
p.32
thi s robot was a common feature in suburban
households. Th e inventor, a tto Bra unw al d ,
died mysteriou sly in 1960. S orn e say that he The hal o glows wh~
the Angel specks or
was silenced before he could reveal the
otherworldy oriqins of his technology ,/ ,.,.
_ _o

__ -
I
......
repairs are needed.

A rubberlzed foce
con be chosen from
(1 cotolog ue or
both ma l.. o nd
fl!fT1(]le foces ond
easily fitted on l o
• the robot. C~ebrity
The ecm puter control$ 011 roces are ovoi loble.
dc mesnc chafes. Topes (lOO
updcte s ore reosonobly
Voice comes
prk ed . French cuisine ls ~
e ne of the biggest selle rs. ~ /11 /1 from o speaker
embedd ed in
t he cnest.
The iron is o standard
fitting on every Angel.
It is alwo)'S reod y·
Mechanic VS . organic hected ond sto.ed in
t he cbest caYity.
This desíqn is very perlad ortent ed.
and very little mechcrncs were J,
in te nded t o be visible. The head has
en unsettlingly drsconnected feel to
,,
the rest of the body.

Retro in spi rations

The roil con be f itted
The mcln t heme for tbrs robot was
through out the ennre
19 505 Am erican futurist design oThe boese. ollowing t ot ol
Angel was enqmeered t o be oul omo t ion of choees,
funct ional and beuevc bte. while sti ll
The housekeepi ng
retaining its retro sci-f look.
cccessortes ore only
ovoiloble to the robot 1
Is positicned direclly in
fron t of them. This 15 a
sofety fec t ure odded
ott er t he ftr e of '57.
 DO MESTIC AN G E L

M ade to measure ~
:0
Resembling o bcstc kitchen
appliance, the robot ls stock
stroight ond firmly onchored
despit e its humanoid
oppeorc nce. Extremely
spectñc funct ions ore
iltust rated by t he robot's
plonn ed stru cturclttmttctron s.
lack of reoch ond
apparent cdcptcbmty .
The neck is
incHned forward
t o better ollow
The trun k cyli nder viewing of
con « nete. giving tne counter.
the robot eccess t e
any pcrt of the 1 2
kitchen counter.

Elementary shapes Crazy train Elbow room

lhis ts a humcncid-shcped Beca use the robot Is on Ensure thot tberc ts
1 robot rmnus leqs. cttocbcd
to a series of boxes.
2 rcus. weight d ist ribution
rsn't an rssoc.
3 enough turning spccc
for the robot.

... Vi ntage floyo u rs

Cboosc bfighl 'ice cream porlour ' coiours lo
'I/f H ighly polished surfoces reflect tbe time periodo AppIy tne colour flat
Use en oirbrush in Pointer for shadnlg. o.-cr on a multiply layer until you ore hoppy with
... Sketching lhe linework. colour o multiply Ioyer in 60 % the QV('foll cocccrcrce. Add
At tre d rawing cocse. ensere trct ycc'rc g rey. ThiS willleovc you wtth o poIiShed odditional highlights and colours
happy wit h the perspecnve and t f-e robots finisll ideal fOf sur foces lile Ioquered metal, en a new m ultiply layer.
relation lo us ewnonrncru. chrome and for rrscc.

~"'"
"0 , ,,,"

This robot is covered

with chrome and other
The ec unt ee and vay shiny moteria ls..
"'-G._ J surround inqs should Use the dry brush te
-----J...!. .- - - ~J not steet any of the
'rbese twc
cconect ed plonn
work an overlay loyer
ond bring up the shiny O_ _. . -l
Yiewer's focus awoy
shore the sorne hi ghlights using o
h om t he robot .
~de, which links pol ette of the original
them toqether in t he colours and white.
vi _'s percept ion.

_ _ _ _ -J,
_ _ -----m:rnu ¡ F o (JN"D"R~ 'S 51 S TA Ñi

IJ.r-~ [._.._ .1. .....

• l: •

The und ersea world has fascinated

Crustocean-like head
packs ligh t beoms see
and high·reso ll,lt ion ALSO
man for centuri es, but the photosenSOfs.
Work;ng
Tradit iona lly , p.12
wonders of its deepest Bits a nd Widgets,
p.32
rea ches proved irnpossi ble to explore Attachments and
f mbellishments,
until Merbot 5 was developed . Like a p.3lt

s ub mari ne , Merbots can withstand

the pressure of extreme depths, but
unlike manned craft these
hyperintellig ent machines
can explore for months
without surfa cing while blending
with.the environmen t and Somple-<ontoin.e.
st rips ano tyze
so mpes.
gathering terabyte s of data.
Denizens of the deep
Merbots are des igned to blend in with
th elr envrronment. buryi ng them sefves
in th e secbed to escope predators
and attracting cotomes of coral ond
crustccecn s. Brornecbcnctc l ñns break
up the crobli ke earopace os Merbot st alks
t he dept hs self-g eneroting po wer like
nn electnc eeL •

Di§9uised honds
hide mc ssfve
orray of tc cts.

Sensitive pin cers Biome(h on i( ol skin

eurcct s corol growth Hyperdense metal
Merbot 's crablike daws wteld a alloy wit hst ands
ond ccstcceers.
mulutude o f t oots t hc t it deploys l o efIorrn0u5 pressures.
analyze samples using en ecoloqrccüy
sound process that motntcms tbe
marine balance.

-.

•
, ,
 MARINE EX Pl ORER ROSOT

Heod·shope
Functionalit y domed to Body st ruct ure
The f inished robot st ill looks Iike tt withstond a l1~ water ta
pressure. flow oround it.
ts mude from dtstorted boxes and
other simple shcpes. Oesign ñounshes
such as sptkes. ñns and other
feotures cré ete the rmpresston of
functíonc l reolrty.
Tlny hlp afea
far minimal
resistonce.
Humanoid body Powerful
elements beneoth foreorms
com plex sorfcce designo com plet e og i ~
up~ o rms.

1 2 3

Deceptive surfcce long range Resistance

Simple shcpes underpin HiP angle and porse Set the axis te suggest
1detcñed sofcces. 2 suggest stalklng
movement.
3 a rrocure pustllng
oga insl t he water.

.. Natural machine
Note how t be surfoce deto iling imtially .. Watercolours for water dwellers
oppears worlike und oggressive. but rs in Try using wotercolour finishes en your
foet desígned te a ttroct and eoteh natural Merbot design - un oppropncte medom for
eements ond erec tores. this mar ine inhabitant and fecrless explorer
of the underseo kingdoml

Begin to pencil in
complex surfece
f10urishes wit h
crisp linework .

,
"\ Mechon icol
detoiling resembles
iron worships.

Use sea ptants

, te r inspirot ion
but ret oin d ('(ln
mechonicol lines.
... Metallic tones
Begin l o odd rieh sncoows to suggest
depth and cersoccnvc. and use
aosshatehing te give yoor shading o
mecbcmcct mercmc aspecto

, '-
- '
 J

111r-I=1NDEX
A gerN! rol purpo5e rifle 36 MK1 Moin Battle Wolker moil-delivery 42
Adiuvo -43 genet icolly cul tured robot 72-73 ma inteno nce 84-85
Adiuvo Mork I V 112-113 82-83 moni tor, com pu ter 14 marine e xplorer 124-125
omphibi ous robot 74-75 Gentleman Gorde ner 120-121 Monkeybot "4 missi le launcher 64-65
o natomy)3 glOOiotor robots 44, "6 multi-ormed robot 110-111 rKl uticol 74-75
o nt ;-peBonnel functions 34-35 glozing 17 Obeoh 11 0-119
ottochments 34-35 Golem, The 116-11 7 N organic 68-69, 80-81
mi litary 36-37 Grf'f'nbot 52 Nokotom i Clf'rk 90-91 personal ossistant 43, 110-111,
Grunter 88-89 Nono bot 80-81 112-1 13,11 /0-1 15,1 16-117 ,
B guord ro bot 108- 109 nop alm thrower 3", 35 120-121 , 124-1 25
bo ll on d soc ket j olnt 31 gun meta l, to de pid 19 noutico l robot 7" -75 policingl 06-107
block ops rifle 37 prisoner-cont cjn ment 94-95
books 11 H o prosthetic 55
80 unt)' Hunt er 5HK 300 106-107 honds 30 Obeoh ro bot 118-119 pu rger 10 2- 103
Broinbot 55 I'lotching 16 Off·World Troder 92-93 so lvoger 88-89
bmss, t e depiet 19 heovy support rifle 36 OGUS 68-69 spece 104-105
Bross lion 58-59 Hephoestus' Anvil70-71 Orbital Delegote 104-10S steom-powert'd S8-59
thumbnails 26-27 high-risk robot 53 t humbrKIii's 26-27 stocky 40-41
Brounwald. Olto 122 highlighting 17,23 Or9<mic Genero l·Use SoIdier ton k 60-61, 6 2-63, 66-67.
Brunel, lsambord Ki"9dom 58 hil'l9es 31 68-6. 70-71,72-73
burnished w rflKe, lo depict 18 hoYering robots "6, "8, 90-91 orgo nk robot 68-69, 8 0-81 tan k-eolme r 96-97
humonoid robots " 3, "9, 56-57, troder 90-91
e 68-6g, 76-77, 82-83,102-103, P
Copek , Karel 6 106-107,108-109, 110-1 11, PAH5·58 "5 S
carryi ng coses 35 11 2-1 13, 114-1 15,11 6-11 7, PonZf'rfluch AU5F G 60-61 519 5yringe 50 int 86-87
character sheets 10-1 1 120-121, 124-125 pop e r 13 sal voger robot 88-89
d oy robot 11 5-11 7 pcrcteocper rifle 37 5amurai Guard 108-1 09
c1erk ro bot 90-91 1 personal ossisto nt robots /0 3, scanne r 15
dese support rifl e 36 imoge secrch en gine 10-1 1 110-1 11, 112-1 13,11 4-11 5, screw heods 32
Col-Erase penclls 12 l nd utex u rbcn- seoewcr 80t 84-85 116-11 7,1 20-121 ,1 2 4-1 25 sec rch e ng ine 10-11
colouring 24-25 insectile robots 52 , 80-81, 8"-85, photos, refereoce 15 segmentedjoint 31
combot s peclctist robot 49 86-87,98-99 piping 33 Se ntinel 53
communicotions o rroy 34 ínspirotion 8-9 plastic, to depict 20, 21 shod ing 17, 23
compu te!' files, l o o rgonize 14 integroted weoponry 56-57 policin9 robots 100-101, shorpenf'r, elect ric 13
compl.lter-qeneroted imogery. lo int e rrKIl components 86-101 106-107 sniper rifle 35
depict 90 Internet 10-11 portfolio 10 spcce robot 104-105
eoncept dood les 27 sef' o lso _Mites Predotor SO spy hunter robot SO
contour lines 16 Prisoner Contoinment Robot st eom-powert'd robot S8-59
contropposto pose 69 ) 96-97 Steel Lotus Tonk Colmer 96-97
CQBlSei:urity rifle 37 jo intin930-31 prO$thetic comma nc!o 55 st ocky robot 40-41
ecss hotching 16 jump jf'ts 35, 107 Prctotype Hover Robot "6 5ubh unt e r 74-75
erowd-control robot 100-101 purger robot 102- 103 su pport fig ht~r "5
K surveillo nce robot 52
o Ko rokuri 11" - 11 5 R Syringe Soint, 519 86-87
De Vauc:onso n, Jo cques 120 KEIGO perso nal securny robot reccnnctsscnce visor 3S
e eccts 20 108-109 reference photos 15 T
dig itol cornera 1S research 10-11 ta blet 15
d igital mediums 12, 14-1 5 L retroding purts 32 toble t PC 15
OOO i 5/0 lo mino tes, to depict 20 rifles 36-37 tank-ealmer robot 96-97
dogw<llker deluxe 5/0 leg. ondroid 33 «ecnc corho p /0 7 tonk robots 60-61, 62-63, 66-67,
Oom est k Angel 122- 123 life d rowing 10 robot k lOO "" 70-71 ,72-73
li9 ht source 13, 53, 77 robots: o mph ibious 7"-75 TAS·21 Nf'ed le 64-65
E linewofi¡ 22 comop47 texture 52, 73, 119
Ele ktrog rad 76-77 Iogos 20 doy 116-117 3·0 modelli"9 10--11
Emule /02 clf'fk 90-91 3·0 softwore 89
Encyd ka l Purger 102-103 M com bo t sceocüst 1,9 thu mbnai!s'26-27
thumbnails 26-27 M2" Housen 66-67 crowd-<ontr ol l 00-10 1 troder robot 90-91
erasers 12 moil-del ivery bot "2 dogwolker 54 trad it ionol mt'd iums 12-13
Exterm irKItor 98-99 Moin Bottle Wo lker, MKl 'femole ' 110-11 1,1 14-11 5
eyecíece 96 72-73 fighter 45, /09 , 56-57, 58-59, U
eyes 112, 11 6, 118 mointeno nce ro bot 84-85 68-69 un iversal hinge 31
Monto " 8 gorboge co ll ecl; o n/d isposo l Urbo n Re newa l Bot 84-85
F Mo rinf' Exptorer Ro bot 124-1 25 51,80-81
Foct cey-Lln e Worker 82-83 Mortiol Queller 100- 101 go rde ner 120-.1 21 V
FoUybot "7 mosking 73, 8 7 genetico ll y cult ured 82-83 Victo ria n orn o menta tio n 59
' femole' ro bots 110-111, mosonite board 13 gladlotor 44, 46
11 4-11 5 moterioJs: to differentiote 65, 69 guard 108-109 W
fighter robots "5, "g, 56-57, 0f9oniC 21 hig h-rlsk 53 wotercolour po int 77 , 97, 125
58-59, 68-69 to render 18-20 hover " 6, 48 , 90-91 weopons 36-37, loO, 70, 72,
fro me, humonoid 34-35 unusua l 21 humonoid 43 , 49, 56-57, 68-69, 98,104
Medved Production Ty~ 62-63 76-77,82-83,102-103, _bsites 8
G Merbot 5 124-125 106-107,108-109,110-111, WheeI·E 51
gorboge collectOl' ra bot 80-81 meto ls, t o df'pict 18-19 112-113,114-115,116-117, wiring 33
gorboge d i ~1 robot 51 pointed 19 120-121 .124-125 Witch Puppet 118-119
gon:!ener robot 120-121 Militory Incursio n Robot "9 inseet ilf' 52, 80-81 , 84-85, work station 13
geisho ro.bot 114-1.15 misslle Iouncher robot 64-65 86-87,98-99 digital 14

~l
- - '''J r

r~lla r--iJr-~:I:~eDITS .
Quarta would hke to thank and ocknowledge the follow ing 58-75, SD-87. 90-91. 100-1 0 5, 114-1 19; Frenos Tsoi
ortists for supplying work reproduced in this book: www.teamgt.com 34t.38-39.43. 108-109.1 12-1 13. 12
David W hite www.mechazone.com 45, 46, 49 .
Key: t " t cp. b .. bottom. I " left. r " right, e .. center
Quarto would also like to acknowledge the following:
Rolcnd Caron http://gor on3d.freeJr 127: Kevin Crossley ParamountJThe Kobal Collection 9c: Charles Q'Reorl
www.kevcrossley.com 10. 11 b. ~()-.41 . Si¡, 56-57. 76-79. Corbis 32bl; Chns Middleton for additional texto
94-99.110-11 1. 124-125: Th ierry Dorzon
www.barontieri.com 29. 52 : David Grant
[email protected] k 42 . 88-89, 120-1 23; l orenz Al! other iIIustrations and photographs are the copyrig
Hideyoshi Ruwwe www.hideyoshi-ruwwe.com 48. 50; Rado of Quort o Publ ishing plc . While every effort ha s been
l avar rcdo spkoruum.sk 53. 106-107; Corlen Kruger mode t o credit contributors, Quarto would like to
www.corlen.cdrentwc re.ccm t - S, 27r. 28. 30t. 31t, 32t, 36t, apologize should there hove been an y omissions or err
37r, 4l¡, 1.¡7, 51, 9 2-93; Kerth Thompson - and would be ptecsed to make the appropriote
www.keiththompsonort.com 22-2 5. 26, 27 1, 3l¡b, 35. SS. correction for future editlon s of the book.

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