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Chapter 18

The document contains notes on surface areas and volumes of various geometric solids including prisms, pyramids, cylinders, cones, spheres, and hemispheres. Key definitions and formulas are provided for calculating lateral surface areas, total surface areas, and volumes of these shapes. Examples are also worked through applying these formulas to specific geometric solids.

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41 views11 pages

Chapter 18

The document contains notes on surface areas and volumes of various geometric solids including prisms, pyramids, cylinders, cones, spheres, and hemispheres. Key definitions and formulas are provided for calculating lateral surface areas, total surface areas, and volumes of these shapes. Examples are also worked through applying these formulas to specific geometric solids.

Uploaded by

Sayme WP
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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12.

1 Notes
Monday, March 30, 2009
7:03 AM

• Surface Areas of Prisms

right triangular prism right rectangular prism

Definitions
1. The two parallel and congruent faces are called bases.
2. The parallel edges joining the vertices are called lateral edges.
3. The faces of the prism that are not bases are called lateral
faces.
4. The lateral surface area of a prism is the sum of the areas of
the lateral faces.
5. The total surface area of a prism is the sum of the prism's
lateral area and the areas of the two bases.

Example:

1. Find the total surface area of the right triangular prism.

6 5
10
7

Notes Page 1
Notes Page 2
12.2 Notes
Tuesday, March 31, 2009
8:32 PM

Surface areas of Pyramids

Q M

R S

J
K

Definitions:
1. A pyramid has only one base. Its lateral edges are not
parallel but meet at a single point called the vertex. The base
may be any type of polygon, but the lateral faces will always
be triangles.
2. A regular pyramid has a regular polygon as its base and also
has congruent lateral edges.
3. PR is the altitude of the pyramid.
4. PS is the slant height.
5. Pk is the lateral edge.

Examples:

1. Given the regular pyramid below.


a. Find its lateral area. (L.A.)
b. Find its total area. (T.A)

10

Notes Page 3
10

12

2. The base of a rectangular pyramid ABCDE is 10 by 18. The


altitude is 12. The lateral edges are congruent. Find the total
surface area.

B E

10

C D
18

Notes Page 4
12.3 Notes
Wednesday, April 01, 2009
2:29 PM

Surface Area of Circular Solids

L.ACyl. = Ch = 2rh

l = slant height

L.A.cone = 1/2 Cl

T.A. sphere = 4r2

Notes Page 5
Examples:

1. Find the total surface area of a cylinder with a radius of 5 and


a height of 6.

2. Find the total surface area of a cone with a radius of 6 and a


height of 8.

Notes Page 6
12.4 Notes
Friday, April 03, 2009
11:55 AM

Volumes of Prisms and Cylinders

Definitions

1. The volume of a solid is the number of cubic units of space


contained by the solid.
2. A cross section is the intersection of a solid with a plane. In this
book, a cross section will be parallel to the base.

3. cross
section

Vrect. Box = lwh


h

Vprism = Bh
Where B is the area of the base and h is the height.

Notes Page 7
B

Vcyl = Bh = r2h

Example:

1. Find the volume of the triangular prism.

10
10

12
20

Notes Page 8
12.5 Notes
Monday, April 06, 2009
10:42 AM

Vpyramid = 1/3 Bh

Q M

R S

J
K

Vcone = 1/3 Bh

Theorem 121: Works with a cone or a pyramid.


2
C K
 
B h

h
Notes Page 9
k

Notes Page 10
12.6 Notes
Friday, April 17, 2009
9:42 AM

Theorem 122: Vsphere = 4/3 r3

Examples:

1. Find the volume of a hemisphere with a radius of 6.

2. A cold capsule is 11 mm long and 3 mm in diameter. To the


nearest cubic millimeter, find the volume of medicine it
contains.

Notes Page 11

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