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XML and XSLT

XSLT is a language used to transform XML documents into other formats like HTML. It uses templates with elements like <xsl:template> that can match elements in an XML file. Other elements like <xsl:value-of> extract the value of an XML element and add it to the output. <xsl:for-each> selects every element of a specified node-set, and can filter the output using criteria in its select attribute. <xsl:sort> adds sorting capability when used inside <xsl:for-each>.

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53 views9 pages

XML and XSLT

XSLT is a language used to transform XML documents into other formats like HTML. It uses templates with elements like <xsl:template> that can match elements in an XML file. Other elements like <xsl:value-of> extract the value of an XML element and add it to the output. <xsl:for-each> selects every element of a specified node-set, and can filter the output using criteria in its select attribute. <xsl:sort> adds sorting capability when used inside <xsl:for-each>.

Uploaded by

Ryu Villota
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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XSLT Introduction

XSL (eXtensible Stylesheet Language) is a


styling language for XML.

XSLT stands for XSL Transformations.

This XSLT is use to transform XML documents


into other formats (like transforming XML into
HTML).

1
Example code of XSLT

2
XSL = Style Sheets for XML
XML does not use predefined tags, and therefore the meaning of each
tag is not well understood.

A <table> element could indicate an HTML table, a piece of furniture,


or something else - and browsers do not know how to display it!

XSL describes how the XML elements should be displayed.

LANGUAGES
XSLT is a language for transforming XML documents.
XPath is a language for navigating in XML documents.
XQuery is a language for querying XML documents.

3
Correct Style Sheet Declaration
• The root element that declares the document to be an XSL
style sheet is <xsl:stylesheet> or <xsl:transform>.
Note: <xsl:stylesheet> and <xsl:transform> are completely
synonymous and either can be used!

The correct way to declare an XSL style sheet according to the W3C XSLT
Recommendation is:

<xsl:stylesheet version="1.0“ xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">

<xsl:transform version="1.0“ xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">

4
XSLT <xsl:template> Element
The <xsl:template> element is used to build templates.

The match attribute is used to associate a template with an XML element. The
match attribute can also be used to define a template for the entire XML
document. The value of the match attribute is an XPath expression (i.e.
match="/" defines the whole document).

<xsl:template match="/">

5
XSLT <xsl:value-of> Element
The <xsl:value-of> element can be used to extract the value of an
XML element and add it to the output stream of the transformation:

<xsl:value-of select=“root/parent/child"/>

6
XSLT <xsl:for-each> Element
The XSL <xsl:for-each> element can be used to select every XML element
of a specified node-set

<xsl:for-each select=“root/parent">

Note: The value of the select attribute is an XPath expression. An XPath


expression works like navigating a file system; where a forward slash (/) selects
subdirectories.

7
Filtering the Output
We can also filter the output from the XML file by adding a criterion to
the select attribute in the <xsl:for-each> element.
<xsl:for-each select=“root/parent[child_element=‘text']">
Legal filter operators are:
•= (equal)
•!= (not equal)
•&lt; less than
•&gt; greater than

8
XSLT <xsl:sort> Element
To sort the output, simply add an <xsl:sort> element inside the <xsl:for-each>
element in the XSL file

<xsl:sort select=“element"/>

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