API 653 Round –March 2023

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653 1.4 Safe Working Practices Ok

An assessment shall be made of the potential hazards to which personnel may be
exposed when conducting internal tank inspections, making repairs, or dismantling
tanks. Procedures shall be developed according to the guidelines given in API
Standard 2015 and API 2217A that will include safeguard for personnel health and
safety, prevention of accidental fires and explosions, and the prevention of
property damage.
653 3.11current applicable standard Ok
The current edition of the standard (such as API standard or UL standard) that
applies if the tank were built today.
653 L =3.7 Dt 2 =but not more than 40 in. 3-Q Ok Ok
653 4.3.2.2 Widely scattered pits may be ignored provided that: Ok Ok
a) no pit depth results in the remaining shell thickness being less than one-half the
minimum acceptable tank shell thickness exclusive of the corrosion allowance; and
b) the sum of their dimensions along any vertical line does not exceed 2 in. in an 8-
in. length (see Figure 4.2).

653 t min=2.6 (H -1)DG/SE Ok Ok

5-Q
S is the maximum allowable stress in pound force per square inch (lbf/in.2); use
the smaller of 0.80Y or 0.429T
653 H t =(St tmin G/2.6DE)+1 Ok Ok

St is the maximum allowable hydrostatic test stress in pound force per square inch
(lbf/in.2); use the smaller of 0.88Y or 0.472T for bottom and second courses; use
the smaller of 0.9Y or 0.519T for all other courses. use the smaller of 0.9Y or
0.519T for all other courses.

4.3.5 Distortions Ok
4.3.5.1 Shell distortions include out-of-roundness, buckled areas, flat spots, dents,
and peaking and banding at welded joints.
4.3.8.2 Excessive weld reinforcement does not require rework if the tank has a Ok
satisfactory history of service. If the reinforcement will interfere with floating roof
seal operation, it shall be ground as required.
4.4.5.4 Unless a stress analysis is performed, the minimum bottom plate thickness Ok
in the critical zone of the tank bottom defined in 9.10.1.2 shall be the smaller
of one-half the original bottom plate thickness (not including the original
corrosion allowance) or 50 % of tmin of the lower shell course per 4.3.3.1 but not
less than 0.1 in. Isolated pitting will not appreciably affect the strength of the plate.
4.4.5.7 The thickness of the projection of the bottom plate beyond the shell as Ok O
measured at the toe of the outside bottom-to-shell fillet weld shall not be less than
0.1 in. The projection of the bottom plate beyond the outside toe of the
shell-to-bottom weld shell shall be at least 3/8 in.
Ok

Ok Ok

4.5.1.2 Some mechanisms of concrete deterioration are briefly described Ok

below.
a) Calcining (loss of water of hydration) can occur when concrete has been
exposed to sufficiently high temperature for a period of time. During intermediate
cooling periods, the concrete can absorb moisture, swell, lose its strength, and
crack.
e) Temperature cracks (hairline cracks of uniform width) do not seriously affect Ok
the strength of the concrete foundation structure; however, these cracks can be
potential access points for moisture or water seepage that could eventually
result in corrosion of the reinforcing steel.
4.5.3 Anchor Bolts Ok
Distortion of anchor bolts and excessive cracking of the concrete structures in
which they are embedded may be indications of either serious foundation
settlement or a tank overpressure uplift condition.
Section 5—Brittle Fracture Considerations Ok Ok
Q-2
6.3.1 Routine In-service Inspections Ok Ok
6.3.2 External Inspection Ok Ok
6.3.3 Ultrasonic Thickness Inspection Ok Ok
Ok Ok

6.4.2.1.1

The RBI assessment shall be reviewed and approved by a team as above at Ok

intervals not to exceed 10 years or more often if warranted by process, equipment,
or consequence changes.
6.4.2.2.2.2 Consequence factors that shall be evaluated in tank RBI assessments Ok
include, but are not limited to, the following:
c) mode of failure,
7.3.2 Structural Existing rolled structural shapes that are to be reused shall meet Ok
the requirement of ASTM A7 as a minimum.
7.3.3.1 Flange material shall meet the minimum requirements of the material Ok
specifications in the as-built standard.
7.4 Welding Consumables Welding consumables shall conform to the AWS Ok
classification that is applicable to the intended use.
8.4.3 For material not listed in Table 5.2a or Table 5.2b, an allowable stress value Ok
of the lesser of 3/4 yield strength or 3/7 tensile strength shall be used.
Section 9—Tank Repair and Alteration very important
9.2.2.2 Prior to welding the new vertical joints, the existing horizontal welds shall Ok Ok
be cut for a minimum distance of 12 in. beyond the new vertical joints. The vertical
joints shall be welded prior to welding the horizontal joints.
Figure 9.1—Acceptable Details for Replacement of Shell Plate Material very Ok Ok
important
9.3.1.4 The shape of the repair plate may be circular, oblong, square, or Ok Ok
rectangular. All corners, except at the shell-to-bottom joint, shall be rounded to a
minimum radius of 2 in.
Application of ultrasonically examined Ok Ok
Application of RT Ok Ok
Application of PT Ok Ok
Application of MT Ok Ok
9.10.2.3 Ok
All arc-gouged areas of the tank shell-to-bottom weld shall be magnetic
particle examined, and defective areas repaired and re-examined.
9.13.6.2 If the roof rim thickness is less than 0.10-in. thick, it shall be replaced. The Ok
new roof rim shall be 3/16-in. thickness, minimum.
Hot Taps Ok
Give 1) Nozzles shall be limited to a maximum diameter of NPS 4. And ask
about min thickness of shell

10.4.2.7 Tack welds used in the assembly of vertical joints of tank shells shall be Ok
removed and shall not remain in the finished joint when the joints are welded
manually. When such joints are welded by the submerged-arc process,the tack
welds shall be thoroughly cleaned of all welding slag but need not be removed
provided that they are sound and are thoroughly fused into the subsequently
applied weld beads. Tack welds shall be made using a fillet-weld or butt-weld
procedure qualified in accordance with Section IX of the ASME Code. Tack welds
to be left in place shall bemade by qualified welders.
10.4.2.10 Low-hydrogen electrodes shall be used for welding temporary and Ok
new permanent attachments to shells of API 650 Group IV, IVA, V, or VI
materials. The welding procedure selected shall not cause underbead cracking;
also, the need for preheat of thick plates and the effect of low ambient temperature
during welding shall be considered.
Section 12—Examination and Testing very importance Ok Ok
13.1.2.2 If information required to complete the nameplate as required by the as- Ok
built standard is available and traceable to the tank, a new Replacement
Nameplate, similar to that shown in Figure 10.1 in API 650, may be
attached under the direction of the Authorized inspector.
B.2.2.2 Rigid body tilting of a tank Ok
B.3.4 Edge Settlement Ok
B.3.4.1 Maximum allowable settlement Bew is shown in Figure B.11 for settled
areas that include bottom lap welds essentially parallel to the shell (±20°).
 Ok

B.2.2.5.3 If an examination of the measured settlement plot indicates a fold pattern Ok

about a diameter of the tank, the maximum out-of-plane settlement should be
determined using a settlement arc length of 50 % of the tank’s
circumference.
B.3.2.2. Out-of-plane settlement that does not meet these limitations should Ok
be further examined by a more rigorous engineering assessment to determine the
need for repairs, see B.3.2.4
Ok

G.5.3.5 Non-essential variables Ok

Ok

API 4.5.4 Ok
650 3- Drip ring shall extend at least 3”
Given tank Dia 100 ft , type cone roof and ask about slope of frangible joint ? Ok
ASM MT Ok
T-761.1 Magnetizing Equipment.
Ev (a) Frequency. Magnetizing equipment with an ammeter shall be calibrated at least
once a year, or whenever the equipment has been subjected to major electric
repair, periodic overhaul, or damage. If equipment has not been in use for a year
or more, calibration shall be done prior to first use.
(c) Tolerance. The unit ’ s meter reading shall not deviate by more than ±10% of
full scale, relative to the actual current value as shown by the test meter.
 Ok
PT
T-651 TECHNIQUES
Either a color contrast (visible) penetrant or a fluorescent penetrant shall be used
with one of the following three penetrant techniques:
(a) water washable
(b) post-emulsifying
(c) solvent removable
T-652 TECHNIQUES FOR STANDARD TEMPERATURES Ok
As a standard technique, the temperature of the penetrant and the surface of the
part to be processed shall not be below 40°F (5°C) nor above 125°F (52°C)
UT Ok
T-462.6 Temperature.
For contact examination, the temperature differential between the calibration block
and examination surfaces shall be within 25°F (14°C). For immersion examination,
T-262 DENSITOMETER AND STEP WEDGE COMPARISON FILM Ok
T-262.1 Densitometers. Densitometers shall be calibrated at least every 3 month.
(d) The densitometer is acceptable if the density readings do not vary by more than Ok
±0.05 density units from the actual density stated on the national standard step
tablet or step wedge calibration film.
571 Ok

3.17 Chloride Stress Corrosion Cracking Ok

Although there are exceptions at lower temperatures and even ambient
temperature, particularly with highly cold worked or sensitized materials, cracking
usually occurs at metal temperatures above about 140 °F (60 °C),
API Focus on the highlighted Notes Ok
651
&
652
577 Pulsed Transfer Mode: The maximum deposition rate for the pulsed arc transfer Ok
mode is about 5080 mm/min (200 in./min)