Chapter 01 1

Differentiation

Differentiation
‫ بحيث أن‬Function‫ أو التفاضل هو عملية بتتعمل علي الـ‬Differentiation ‫الــ‬
.... Differentiation‫ بيكون مش هو شكلها قبل الــ‬Differentiation‫شكلها قبل الـ‬
‫مثلا‬

𝟑
𝒚 = 𝒙𝟑 + 𝐬𝐢𝐧 𝒙 + 𝟑 𝐥𝐧 𝒙 𝒚′ = 𝟑𝒙𝟐 + 𝐜𝐨𝐬 𝒙 +
Differeintiation 𝒙

.... ‫ ده اللي عايزين نتعلمه‬... ‫بقت كدة؟‬ ‫أزاي‬

d df
02 [c. f(x)] = c. 𝑐 is aconstant
dx dx

d dg df
03 [f(x). g(x)] = f. + g. "Product Rule"
dx dx dx
df fg
d f(x) g.dx−f.dx
04 [ ]= (g)2
"Quotient Rule"
dx g(x)

RULES
d
R1 [c] = 0 "‫"تفاضل اي ثابت بــصفر‬
dx
d d d
↳ [5] = 0, [100000000] = 0, [π] = 0
dx dx dx
 d
R2 [x n ] = n. x n−1 2
dx
d d d
↳ [x 5 ] = 5x 4 , [x −3 ] = −3x −4 , [x π ] = πx π−1
dx dx dx

Differentiation
d
R3 [x] = 1
dx

d
R4 [(u)n ] = n(u)n−1 . u′
dx
d
↳ [(x 5 + x 2 + 3)7 ] = 7(x 5 + x 2 + 3)6 [5x 4 + 2x + 0]
dx

d 1
R5 [√x] =
dx 2√x

d 1
R6 [√u] = . u′
dx 2√u
d 1
↳ [√x 5 + x 2 + 3] = [5x 4 + 2x + 0]
dx 2√x5 +x2 +3

Problems
Find the first derivatives for the following functions:

Ex. 001
𝟏 𝟏 𝟓
𝒚 = 𝟑𝒙𝟕 + 𝒙𝟐 + 𝟑
+ √𝒙 + − √𝒙𝟕 + 𝟏𝟎𝟎
𝒙 𝒙√𝒙

Answer.
1 1 5
y = 3x 7 + x 2 + 3
+ √x + − √x 7 + 100
x x√x
3 7
y = 3x 7 + x 2 + x −3 + √x + x −2 − x 5 + 100
R2 R2 R2 R5 R2 R2 R1
1 3 5 7 2
y ′ = 3.7x 6 + 2x − 3x −4 + − x −2 − x 5 + 0
2√x 2 5

Ex. 002

𝒚 = (𝒙𝟐 + 𝟑). (𝒙𝟔 + 𝟓𝒙𝟒 + 𝟏𝟎)

Answer.
"Product Rule" 3
y ′ = (x 2 + 3). [6x 5 + 20x 3 ] + (x 6 + 5x 4 + 10)[2x]

Differentiation
Ex. 003

𝒙 𝟑 + 𝒙𝟐 + 𝟏
𝒚=
𝒙𝟒 + 𝟏
Answer.

"Quotient Rule"

′
(𝑥 4 + 1)[3𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 ] − (𝑥 3 + 𝑥 2 + 1)[4𝑥 3 ]
𝑦 =
(𝑥 4 + 1)2

Ex. 004

𝒚 = 𝟑(𝒙𝟒 + 𝟐𝒙𝟐 + 𝟖)𝟏𝟎

Answer.

y ′ = 30(x 4 + 2x 2 + 8)9 [4x 3 + 4x]

Ex. 005
1 1
𝑦 = ( + 2 ) (3𝑥 2 + 27)
𝑥 𝑥
Answer.

𝑦 = (𝑥 −1 + 𝑥 −2 )(3𝑥 2 + 27)
𝑑𝑦
= (𝑥 −1 + 𝑥 −2 )(6𝑥 ) + (3𝑥 2 + 27)(−𝑥 −2 − 2𝑥 −3 )
𝑑𝑥
Ex. 006
𝟏
𝒚=
𝒙𝟐 + √𝒙 − 𝟏
Answer.
−1
𝑦 = (𝑥 2 + √𝑥 − 1)
−2
𝑦 ′ = −(𝑥 2 + √𝑥 −)
RULES 4
d
R7 [ ex ] = ex

Differentiation
dx

d
R8 [e(u) ] = e(u) . u′
dx
d x2 2
↳ [e ] = ex . [2x]
dx
d
R9 [ax ] = ax . ln a
dx
d x
↳ [7 ] = 7x ln 7
dx
d
R10 [a(u) ] = a(u) . ln a . (u′ )
dx
d (x3 +x) 3
↳ [9 ] = 9(x +x) . ln 9 . [3x 2 + 1]
dx

Problems
Ex. 007

𝒚 = 𝟑𝒆𝒙 + 𝒙𝒆

Answer.

y ′ = 3ex + e. x e−1

Ex. 008

𝒚 = (𝟑𝒙 + 𝒙𝟑 + 𝟑𝒙)𝟔

Answer.

y ′ = 6. (3𝑥 + 𝑥 3 + 3𝑥 )5 [3x . ln 3 + 2𝑥 2 + 3]

Ex. 009
𝟕 +𝟑𝒙
𝒚 = 𝒆𝒙

Answer.
7 +3𝑥
𝑦′ = 𝑒 𝑥 . [7𝑥 6 + 3]
Ex. 010 5
𝟏
−
𝒚=𝒆 𝒙 + 𝟏𝟎𝒙𝟐 + 𝟑(𝒙𝟑 − 𝟐)𝟓

Differentiation
Answer.
−1
𝑦 = 𝑒 −𝑥 + 10𝑥 2 + 3(𝑥 3 − 2)5
−1
𝑦 ′ = 𝑒 −𝑥 (𝑥 −2 ) + 20𝑥 + 15(𝑥 3 − 2)4 (3𝑥 2 )

RULES
d 1
R11 [ln x] =
dx x

d 1
R12 [ln(u)] = . u′
dx u
d 1
↳ [ln(x 2 + 1)] = 2 . 2x
dx x +1
d 1 1
R13 [log a x] = .
dx x ln a
d 1 1
↳ [log11 x] = .
dx x ln 11
d 1 1
R14 [[log a (u)] = . . u′ ′
dx u ln a
d 1 1
↳ [log 6 (x 3 + x + 2)] = 3 . . [3x 2 + 1]
dx (x + x + 2) ln 6

Problems
Ex. 011
𝐲 = 𝐥𝐧(𝐞𝐱 + 𝐞−𝐱 )
Answer.
1
y′ = x −x
. [ex − e−x ]
e +e
Ex. 12
𝐲 = 𝐥𝐨𝐠 𝟓𝟏𝟓 (𝐱 𝟐 + 𝐱 + 𝟏)
Answer.
y = (log15 (x 2 + x + 1)) 5 6
1 1
y ′ = 5(log15 (x 2 + x + 1)) 5 ⋅ [ 2 [2x + 1]]
ln 15 x + x + 1

Differentiation
Ex. 013
𝟐
𝐲 = 𝐞𝐱 . 𝐥𝐧(𝐱 𝟑 − 𝟓)

Answer.

"Product Rule"

2 1 x2
y ′ = ex . . [ 3x 2]
+ ln (x 3
− 5 ) . e [2x]
x3 − 5
Ex. 014

(𝟑𝒙𝟐 + 𝟑𝒙)𝟒 𝐥𝐧 𝒙
𝒚 = 𝐥𝐧 𝟓 𝟐
√𝒙 𝒆𝒙
Answer.

(3𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 )4 ln 𝑥
𝑦 = ln 5 2
√𝑥 𝑒 𝑥
5 2
= ln((3𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 )4 ln 𝑥 ) − ln( √𝑥 𝑒 𝑥 )
1 2
2 )4
= ln(3𝑥 + 3𝑥 + ln(ln 𝑥 ) − ln(𝑥 )5 − ln(𝑒 𝑥 )
1
= 4 ln(3𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 ) + ln(ln 𝑥 ) − ln(𝑥 ) − 𝑥 2
5
1 1 1 1 1
𝑦′ = 4 [ 6𝑥 + 3 ] + ⋅ − ⋅ − 2𝑥
3𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 ln 𝑥 𝑥 5 𝑥
Ex. 15
𝒆𝒙 − 𝒆−𝒙
𝒚 = 𝐥𝐧 𝒙
𝒆 + 𝒆−𝒙
Answer.
𝑦 = ln(𝑒 𝑥 − 𝑒 −𝑥 ) − ln(𝑒 𝑥 + 𝑒 −𝑥 )
1 1
𝑦′ = 𝑥 −𝑥
( 𝑒 𝑥
+ 𝑒 −𝑥 )
− 𝑥 −𝑥
(𝑒 𝑥 − 𝑒 −𝑥 )
𝑒 −𝑒 𝑒 +𝑒