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Experiment 15

This document describes an experiment to observe DNS name resolution. It involves using the ping and nslookup commands to see how a domain name like cisco.com is translated to an IP address. Key points covered include: - DNS maps domain names to IP addresses so users can access websites with names instead of hard-to-remember numbers. - The ping command showed cisco.com resolved to an IPv4 and IPv6 address. - Nslookup provided more detail, revealing the default DNS server and listing DNS commands. It also identified mail exchange servers for cisco.com. - Without a DNS server, users would need to manually enter IP addresses, slowing down the internet experience. DNS

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22 views4 pages

Experiment 15

This document describes an experiment to observe DNS name resolution. It involves using the ping and nslookup commands to see how a domain name like cisco.com is translated to an IP address. Key points covered include: - DNS maps domain names to IP addresses so users can access websites with names instead of hard-to-remember numbers. - The ping command showed cisco.com resolved to an IPv4 and IPv6 address. - Nslookup provided more detail, revealing the default DNS server and listing DNS commands. It also identified mail exchange servers for cisco.com. - Without a DNS server, users would need to manually enter IP addresses, slowing down the internet experience. DNS

Uploaded by

rapraptapayoon
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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MINDANAO STATE UNIVERSITY

ILIGAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY


COLLEGE OF COMPUTER STUDIES

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER APPLICATIONS

BCA133-B183/B183.1 DATA COMMUNICATIONS Lab

Name Pogenio, Rafael Date Nov 6,2023


Course & Year BSCA 2nd Year Instructor Leah Aquino-Alindayo, D.Eng., PCpE
Subj. No. &Sec BCA133 - B184 Rating

I. Experiment No. 15
II. Title: Observe DNS Name Resolution
III. Objective :

 Observe the conversion of a URL to an IP address.


 Observe DNS lookup using the nslookup command.

IV. Required Resources


PCs (Windows 10)
Internet connectivity
V. Background/ Scenario

Domain Name System (DNS) is invoked when you type a Uniform Resource Locator
(URL), such as http://www.cisco.com, into a web browser. The first part of the URL
describes which protocol is being used. Common protocols are HTTP (Hypertext
Transfer Protocol), HTTPS (Hypertext Transfer Protocol over Secure Socket Layer),
and FTP (File Transfer Protocol).
DNS uses the second part of the URL, which in this example is www.cisco.com. DNS
translates the domain name (like www.cisco.com) to an IP address to allow the
source host to reach the destination host.
Work in pairs to complete this lab.

VI.I nstructions
Part 1: Observe DNS Conversion
Step 1: Observe DNS operation.

Which IP address is shown on the screen?


- This is the IP address (72.163.4.185)
MINDANAO STATE UNIVERSITY
ILIGAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
COLLEGE OF COMPUTER STUDIES

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER APPLICATIONS

Should cisco.com always resolve to the same IP address? Explain.


- No, The IP address for "cisco.com" doesn't remain constant. Websites, including Cisco, may employ
multiple IP addresses for load balancing, redundancy, and effective content delivery using CDNs. As a
result, the IP address you're directed to can change depending on factors like your location and
network conditions.

List a few applications (besides the ping command) that need DNS to translate a domain name to
an IP address. Perform an internet search as necessary.
: These are the several applications base on the internet.
-Web browser
-Email Clients
- FTP client

Step 2: Verify DNS operation using the nslookup command.


a. At the command prompt, enter the nslookup command.

The output above shows that the Default DNS Server was configured to use a Google
DNS server.
What is your Default Server listed as?
- globebroadband.net

b. After issuing the previous nslookup command, notice how the prompt changed to a
single >. This is the prompt for the nslookup program. From this prompt, you can enter
commands related to DNS.
At the prompt, type ? to see a list of all the available commands that you can use in nslookup
mode. List three commands that you can use with nslookup:

- set type=x to set the query type


- server <User> to set the default DNS server,
- and class=X to set query class

c. At the nslookup prompt, type cisco.com.


> cisco.com
What is the translated IP address?
- 2001:420:1101:1::185 and 72.163.4.185

Is the IP address an IPv4 address or an IPv6 address?

- both IPv4 and IPv6 solves the domain name.

Is it the same as the IP address shown with the ping command?


- YES
MINDANAO STATE UNIVERSITY
ILIGAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
COLLEGE OF COMPUTER STUDIES

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER APPLICATIONS

At the prompt, type the IP address of the Cisco web server that you just found. What is the Name
result?
- redirect-ns.cisco.com

Step 3: Identify mail servers using the nslookup command

What are the names of the Cisco mail servers identified in the mail exchanger field?
- rcdn-mx-01.cisco.com
- aer-mx-01.cisco.com
- alln-mx-01.cisco.com

Write the IP addresses of all the DNS servers that your school computer uses.
- 192.168.254.254

Reflection
1. If your school did not have a DNS server, what effect would this have on your use of the internet?
Without a DNS server at my school, I'd have to manually input IP addresses for websites, which is
inconvenient and error-prone. This could slow down my browsing and raise security concerns as DNS is
crucial for verifying website authenticity and implementing security measures. This highlights the importance
of DNS in our internet experience.
2. Some companies do not dedicate a single server for DNS. Instead, the DNS server provides
other functions as well. Which functions do you think might be included on a DNS server?
Use the ipconfig/all command to help you with this.

Many companies use a single DNS server to streamline their networks, and you can verify its functions by
checking network settings with "ipconfig /all." This integration enhances network efficiency and simplifies
management.
MINDANAO STATE UNIVERSITY
ILIGAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
COLLEGE OF COMPUTER STUDIES

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER APPLICATIONS

VII. Conclusion:
This experiment highlights the importance of the Domain Name System (DNS) in online
interactions. DNS plays a vital role in converting user-friendly domain names into IP addresses
for establishing connections, ensuring convenient access to websites and online services. It also
enhances collaboration by improving understanding of DNS and internet protocols, essential
for effective network communication and internet use.

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