Media & Information

Literacy
Q4 Week 1

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Opportunities, Challenges, and
Power of Media and Information
Learning Objectives
➢ Realize the opportunities and challenges in
media and information (MIL11/12OCP-IIIh24);
and
➢ Research and cite recent examples of the
power of media and information to affect
change (MIL11/12OCP-IIIh25)
Review
What is media?
-means of communications or
▪ communication tools like
newspapers, magazines, TV, radio,
and internet that reach or influence
people widely
-communication channels through
which news, entertainment,
Media definition education, data, or promotional
messages are disseminated. Media
includes every broadcasting and
narrowcasting medium such as
newspapers, magazines, TV, radio,
billboards, direct mail, telephone, fax,
and internet. Media is the plural of
medium.
Photo Credit: http://communicationtheory.org/functions-of-mass-communication/
 Cartoon Analysis
Guide Questions
1. What is the message in this
cartoon?
2. Is the situation about media
depicted in the cartoon true in the
Philippines? Why or why not?
3. Does the cartoon shows a
challenge or an opportunity for
media and information? Why?

Source: https://www.toonpool.com/cartoons/truth%20and%20media_57496
 Activity 9.1: Imagine a World without Media

Media and information has definitely evolved

throughout the decades. With the advent of technology,
human life has been continually influenced, shaped, and
improved. In this warm up activity, illustrate how you
would imagine yourself and the society without all the
media instruments we have today.
Opportunities and Challenges in the Information Age

1. Informational (Social Media and the Web)

Whether we like it or not, the advent of the Internet has
forced practically almost everyone to migrate to the virtual
world, especially when most of the information we need is now
available via the Internet. Today the World Wide Web is at the
forefront of information providers given its multimedia format,
which have “enriched information through a synergy of text,
audio, image, and video (Liquigan, 2016).”
1. Informational (Social Media and the Web)
1. Informational (Social Media and the Web)
1. Informational (Social Media and the Web)
1. Informational (Social Media and the Web)
1. Informational (Social Media and the Web)
Cybercrime has also been one of the greatest challenges in media and information. According
to the Department of Justice, Cybercrime is “a crime committed with or through the use of
information and communication technologies such as radio, television, cellular phone,
computer and network, and other communication device or application.”
According to the 2001 Budapest Convention on Cybercrime, criminal offenses in cyberspace
include:
▪ 1. offenses against the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of computer
data and systems;
▪ 2. computer-related offenses;
▪ 3. content-related offenses; and
▪ 4. offenses related to infringements of copyright and related rights
 the use of a computer as
an instrument to further
What is cybercrime? illegal ends

Cybercrime Definition
criminal activity or a
crime that involves the
Internet, a computer
system, or computer
technology
Sources:
• https://www.britannica.com/topic/cybercrime
• http://www.dictionary.com/browse/cybercrime
Opportunities and Challenges in the Information Age

2. Economic (Business and Marketing)

Due to the impact of social media as a new medium, the
relationship between brands and consumers has changed a
lot. Now, through social media marketing, business owners
can connect with their target consumers for free through
using social media platforms like Facebook, Twitter, etc., and
can significantly lower their marketing costs.
Opportunities and Challenges in the Information Age

3. Educational
Media and information have made a radical impact on education
(Gonzales, 2016). Today, learning has never been easier and faster. When
we talk about education, we usually refer to its most technical sense, “the
knowledge, skill, and understanding that you get from attending a school,
college, or university (Merriam-Webster’s Dictionary).” In the past decades,
society has been limited to the idea that people can only learn and get an
education through sitting and listening to lectures in a classroom, passing
exams, or doing projects. Today, learning and education have taken a whole
new meaning with media and information.
Opportunities and Challenges in the Information Age

4. Political (Politics and Governance)

The communication of political information is an important process in the
political system, and the mass media play a central role in this activity (Coxall et al.,
2003). Media, as a vehicle in communication, can provide the audience with news
and information, which will help them develop more informed opinions and choices.
For instance, during the election period, most of what the people would know about
political candidates and political parties is the information we get from media,
which often affects how they perceive a certain candidate or party, both positively
and negatively. The media also acts as a watchdog that monitors the conduct and
governance of elected government officials. In today’s politics and society at large,
media is essential to safeguarding the transparency of democratic processes.
Opportunities and Challenges in the Information Age

5. Social (Citizen Engagement and Social Change)

As defined by Encyclopedia Britannica, citizen journalism is
“journalism that is conducted by people who are not professional journalists
but who disseminate information using Web sites, blogs, and social media.”
Citizen journalism is one of the biggest opportunities in media and
information as it encourages ordinary citizens to take part in the news
production process. It gives the then-receivers an opportunity to become
news producers as well. Moreover, it also urges them to be more wary and
mindful of the things happening around them and gives them the
confidence to speak out when they see something wrong.
5. Social (Citizen Engagement and Social Change)
 5. Social (Citizen Engagement and Social Change)

Several events in history proved this to be true, that media, as a vehicle of these
targeted contents brought about action and mobilization. In fact, history has
concretely shown society how media can be a powerful tool for social change and
mass revolution.
1. Libyan Revolution – When official media outlets like television and print media
were controlled by the state, social media became the reliable source of
information for the revolutionaries and even a platform used to distribute
information and firsthand accounts of what was going on within the country. As a
result, media tools like tablets and phones played crucial roles in the revolution.
 5. Social (Citizen Engagement and Social Change)

2. Arab Spring – In 2011, an online frenzy of activity commenced a revolution in

Egypt which saw more than 3 million tweets on Twitter, hundreds of hours of
Youtube video, and countless posts on Facebook and blogs which told stories
of the revolution from citizens who needed to get their voices heard.
3. Ukrainian Revolution – In Ukraine, much like traditional revolutions,
protesters line the streets to call for social change. Nonetheless, social media
still played a role in the movement as protester used some as a strategic tool
for communication, using platforms such as Twitter and Facebook to organize
thousands of like-minded individuals.
 5. Social (Citizen Engagement and Social Change)

2. Arab Spring – In 2011, an online frenzy of activity commenced a revolution in

Egypt which saw more than 3 million tweets on Twitter, hundreds of hours of
Youtube video, and countless posts on Facebook and blogs which told stories
of the revolution from citizens who needed to get their voices heard.
3. Ukrainian Revolution – In Ukraine, much like traditional revolutions,
protesters line the streets to call for social change. Nonetheless, social media
still played a role in the movement as protester used some as a strategic tool
for communication, using platforms such as Twitter and Facebook to organize
thousands of like-minded individuals.
 5. Social (Citizen Engagement and Social Change)

4. The Million People March

▪ August 17, 2013, a day after the Commission on Audit (COA) released a special
report on the Priority Assistance Development Fund (PDAF), saw how social
media became a springboard for a mass protest. Calls for protest began
circulating on Facebook and Twitter after a series of exposés by the Philippine
Daily Inquirer about a mammoth scam involving Congress’ PDAF
▪ Consequently, friends Arnold Pedrigal, Peachy Bretana, and Bernardo Bernardo,
created a Facebook event page to gather people who wanted the PDAF
scrapped. They said they wanted a "massive pocket picnic" and to bring one
million people at the Luneta Park on August 26. Astonishingly, the
#MillionPeopleMarch surfaced by August 18 and immediately dominated Twitter.
 5. Social (Citizen Engagement and Social Change)
Apart from mass protests, calls for social change may also be in the form of what
we call social marketing. Social marketing refers to using business and marketing
techniques to encourage people to adopt certain behaviors that would lead to better
physical and mental health, and eventually to wide-scale social change.
On the other hand, although media has the ability to bring people together,
conversely, it also has the potential to bring people apart, attitude, and ideology-wise. As
earlier mentioned, social media and the World Wide Web offers the audience a wider
avenue for intellectual discussion and productive conversations. However, due to the
influx of various differing ideas, the broadening problem of polarization has been one of the
undeniable challenges in media and information. Because of the differences in views and
opinions of the audience, a culture of social division is becoming evident and is taking a toll
on unity and even social trust.
Performance Task 1

▪ Understanding the opportunities and challenges of media

and information is best done by reflecting on how it exists
in your life. With this, in the table below, write what you
think are the opportunities (positive effects) or challenges
(threats or negative effects) brought by media (new and
traditional) and information citing personal experiences
or examples. 24
Performance Task 1

25
26