SCH4U1 Atomic & Molecular Structure Test Review

____ 1. Which object(s) would you use to describe the shape of the 2p orbital?
a. a dumb-bell
b. a circle
c. a sphere
d. two perpendicular dumb-bells
e. a doughnut
____ 2. Which situation must be true for two electrons to occupy the same orbital?
a. The electrons must have the same principal quantum number, but the other quantum
numbers must be different.
b. The electrons must have the same spin.
c. The electrons must have identical sets of quantum numbers.
d. The electrons must have low energy.
e. The electrons must have the opposite spin.
____ 3. An electron has the following set of quantum numbers: n = 3, l = 1, ml = 1, ms = . In which orbital is this electron
found?
a. 3s
b. 3p
c. 3d
d. 3f
e. 4p
____ 4. Which element contains a full 3s orbital?
a. B
b. Na
c. Mg
d. Be
e. Ne
____ 5. Which set of quantum numbers is not possible?
a. n = 5, l = 3, m = 0, m =
l s

b.
n = 1, l = 0, ml = 0, ms =
c. n = 3, l = 2, m = 1, m =
l s

d. n = 4, l = 3, m = 3, m =
l s

e. n = 5, l = 2, m = 0, m =
l s

____ 6. Which scientist postulated that electrons can only move between certain energy levels?
a. Rutherford
b. Dalton
c. Einstein
d. Schodinger
e. Bohr
____ 7. Which electron configuration represents a reactive non-metallic element?
a. 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p5
b. 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p1
c. 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2
d. 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6
e. 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2
____ 8. How many p orbitals are in each energy level, except n = 1?
a. 1
b. 3
c. 5
d. 6
e. 7
____ 9. What is the maximum number of electrons in n = 3?
a. 2
b. 3
c. 6
d. 9
e. 18
____ 10. What is the total number of electrons in the 2p orbitals of a sulfur atom at ground state?
a. 8
b. 6
c. 4
d. 3
e. 2
____ 11. Which sublevel, when full, corresponds to the first row of transition elements?
a. 3d
b. 3f
c. 4d
d. 4f
e. 4p
____ 12. Which pair of atoms and/or ions is isoelectronic?
a. O2 and Cl
b. Ca2+ and Cl
c. F and N2
d. Li and Na
e. K and Kr
____ 13. How does atomic radius change from left to right across a period in the periodic table?
a. It increases.
b. It decreases.
c. It stays the same.
d. It increases and then decreases.
e. It decreases and then increases.
____ 14. Which element has the highest electron affinity?
a. Li
b. N
c. O
d. F
e. Ni
____ 15. Which metal is the most reactive?
a. Al
b. K
c. Cu
d. Zn
e. Ca
____ 16. Which element has the largest atomic radius?
a. Mg
b. Be
c. F
d. Cl
e. Si
____ 17. Which element has the lowest first ionization energy?
a. Ca
b. Cs
c. Br
d. O
e. Ba
____ 18. What is the bond angle in a bent molecule, such as water?
a. 90
 b. 104.5
c. 107.3
d. 109.5
e. 120
____ 19. What is the bond angle in a trigonal pyramidal molecule?
a. 90
b. 104.5
c. 107.3
d. 109.5
e. 120
____ 20. What is the bond angle in a trigonal planar molecule?
a. 90
b. 104.5
c. 107.3
d. 109.5
e. 120
____ 21. Which compound has polar covalent bonds?
a. AgCl2
b. CH4
c. Cl2
d. CF4
e. B2H8
____ 22. Which compound is truly covalent?
a. SO2
b. MgO
c. NH3
d. PCl3
e. P2S3
____ 23. Which molecule has a molecular dipole?
a. CCl4
b. NF3
c. BeF2
d. CF4
e. CO2
____ 24. Which bond is most polar?
a. CO
b. CN
c. BO
d. BN
e. SO
Short Answers/Problems: For the following questions, write the most appropriate answer in the space provided.
25. Describe and explain the general trends in atomic radius in the periodic table.
26. What contributions did Schrödinger make to the model of the atom?
27. What contributions did Planck and Einstein make to the current model of the atom?
28. What are the four quantum numbers in the quantum mechanical model of the atom? What do these numbers
represent?
29. Explain what the aufbau principle is and how it is used.
30. Explain Hund’s rule and the Pauli exclusion principle. Give an example to show how these two rules are used.
31. What was one problem that the Bohr model of the atom could not explain?
32. What are the allowed values of ml for an electron with each orbital-shape quantum number.
a) l = 3 b) l = 1
33. What are the allowed values of l for an electron with each principal quantum number.
a) n = 4 b) n = 6
34. What is the relationship between atomic radius and ionization energy? Explain your answer.
35. What are the allowed values of l and ml if n = 2? What is the total number of orbitals in this energy level?
36. List the different types of intermolecular forces, and give an example for each.
37. What are resonance structures? Give an example of a molecule that requires resonance structures to represent its
bonding, and draw these resonance structures.
38. Explain the difference between covalent bonding and polar covalent bonding, using an example of each.

39. Using a diagram, explain Rutherford’s gold foil experiment. What did this experiment prove?
40. Fill in the following outline of a periodic table to show the four energy sublevel (s, p, d, and f) blocks.

41. Sketch the shapes of the three different p orbitals on a three-dimensional axis.
42. On a sketch of a periodic table, use arrows to indicate the directions of increasing
a) atomic radius b) ionization energy c) electron affinity.
43. Create a table to summarize the differences in the physical properties of the different types of solids (atomic,
molecular, covalent network, ionic, and metallic).

44. The ionization energies of a given atom are IE1 = 800 kJ/mol, IE2 = 2400 kJ/mol, IE3 = 3700 kJ/mol, IE4 = 25 000
kJ/mol, and IE5 = 32 800 kJ/mol. Predict the valence electron configuration for the atom, and explain your reasoning.
45. Explain what is wrong with each set of quantum numbers.
a) n = 3, l = 3, ml = 2; name: 3d b) n = 5, l = 3, ml = 5; name: 5f
46. Fill in the missing value(s) in each set of quantum numbers.
a) n = ?, l = 1, ml = 1; name: 3p b) n = 1, l = ?, ml = ?; name: 1s
47. What is the name of the orbital that is represented by each set of quantum numbers?
a) n = 1, l = 0, m1 = 0 b) n = 5, l = 3, ml = 3
48. Write the electron configuration for each element or ion.
a) P b) Te2   
c) U
49. Write the condensed electron configuration for each element or ion.
a) Bi b) Zn2+ c) Al
50. Draw the orbital diagram for each element or ion.
a) Fe b) Na+ c) Cl
51. What types of intermolecular forces affect each compound or mixture? Explain your reasoning.
a) HF b) C6H12 c) N2 dissolved in H2O d) MgI2

52. For each molecule,