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Lab 2 - 211301489

This document summarizes a laboratory experiment on amplitude modulation (AM) signals conducted by Muhammad Iskandar Bin Azlan. The objectives were to study the effect of modulation index on the AM signal envelope and analyze the frequency spectrum. Using Multisim software, an AM circuit was simulated and the modulated waveform and spectrum observed. It was found that higher modulation indices produce wider sidebands and a broader spectrum. The experiment helped understand how AM is used in radio communication and how parameters like modulation index affect the signal.

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Muhammad Iskandar Bin Azlan
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24 views6 pages

Lab 2 - 211301489

This document summarizes a laboratory experiment on amplitude modulation (AM) signals conducted by Muhammad Iskandar Bin Azlan. The objectives were to study the effect of modulation index on the AM signal envelope and analyze the frequency spectrum. Using Multisim software, an AM circuit was simulated and the modulated waveform and spectrum observed. It was found that higher modulation indices produce wider sidebands and a broader spectrum. The experiment helped understand how AM is used in radio communication and how parameters like modulation index affect the signal.

Uploaded by

Muhammad Iskandar Bin Azlan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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FACULTY OF ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

UNIVERSITI MALAYSIA PERLIS

NMK 30103: COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

LABORATORY 2 MODULE

Amplitude Modulation Signal

SEM 1 2023/2024

LECTURER: PUAN NORDIANA BINTI MOHAMAD SAAID

NAME: MUHAMMAD ISKANDAR BIN AZLAN

NO. MATRIC: 211301489

PROGRAMME: UR6523009
OBJECTIVES
i. To study amplitude modulation signal and the effect of modulation index to the
envelope.
ii. To analyze a frequency spectrum of AM signal.

SOFTWARE
1. Multisim simulation software

INTRODUCTION

Amplitude modulation is a process by which the wave signal is transmitted by modulating the
amplitude of the signal. It is often called AM and is commonly used in transmitting a piece of
information through a radio carrier wave. Amplitude modulation is mostly used in the form of
electronic communication. Amplitude modulation, or just AM, is one of the earliest modulation
methods that is used in transmitting information over the radio. This technique was devised in the
20th century at a time when Landell de Moura and Reginald Fessenden were conducting
experiments using a radiotelephone in the 1900s. After successful attempts, the modulation
technique was established and used in electronic communication.

In general, amplitude modulation definition is given as a type of modulation where the


amplitude of the carrier wave varies in some proportion with respect to the modulating data or the
signal. As for the mechanism, when amplitude modulation is used, there is a variation in the
amplitude of the carrier. Here, the voltage or the power level of the information signal changes the
amplitude of the carrier. In AM, the carrier does not vary in amplitude. However, the modulating
data is in the form of signal components consisting of frequencies either higher or lower than that
of the carrier. The signal components are known as sidebands, and the sideband power is
responsible for the variations in the overall amplitude of the signal.
PROCEDURE

FIGURE 1
1. Construct the amplitude modulation circuit in Multisim as shown in Figure 1, with
oscillator at the output.
2. Set the modulating signal for 2 Vpp sine wave at 1kHz at V2.
3. Set the carrier signal for 15 Vpp sine wave at 11kHz at V1.
4. Observe the output of modulated waveform based on modulating signal waveform
and carrier signal waveform.
5. Connect the spectrum analyzer at the output to observe the frequency spectrum of
the modulated signal.
TASK
Alternative AM Modulation Circuits

Figure 1
RESULT
DISCUSSION:

Using Multisim software, a simulation experiment was conducted to gain insights into amplitude
modulation. By adjusting the modulation index and observing the changes in the envelope and
frequency spectrum of the AM signal, a better understanding of AM and its practical implications
was obtained.

The depth of modulation and the width of sidebands in the frequency spectrum are influenced by
the modulation index. When the modulation index is higher, the sidebands become wider,
resulting in a broader frequency spectrum. It is crucial to maintain an optimal modulation index to
ensure efficient signal transmission.

By examining the frequency spectrum, it was discovered that there were additional frequency
components known as sidebands that occur due to modulation. It is important to comprehend the
distribution and strength of these sidebands to reduce interference and distortion in
communication systems.

The experiment showed how AM can be used in radio communication, and using simulation
software like Multisim made it easier to see how different modulation parameters affect the AM
signal.

CONCLUSION:

The simulation experiment helped us better understand AM in telecommunications. It showed us


that adjusting the modulation index is crucial in practical applications. Additionally, viewing the
frequency spectrum highlighted the importance of managing sidebands for efficient signal
transmission.

Additional investigation could investigate sophisticated modulation techniques and how they
contribute to enhancing contemporary communication systems.

Studying the frequency spectrum also showed the existence of sidebands, which are additional
frequencies produced during the modulation process. It is important to comprehend their
distribution and strength in order to reduce interference and distortion in communication systems.

The experiment showed how AM can be used in radio communication, and the use of simulation
software like Multisim helped to understand how modulation parameters affect the AM signal.

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