TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF MOMBASA

SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING

BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS

ENGINEERING

YEAR OF STUDY: YEAR 3 SEMESTER 2

TITLE: LAB REPORT ON FAMILIARIZING THE 32-BIT

MICROPROCESSOR MODULE BOARD

UNIT: EEE 4308 MICROPROCESSOR I

LECTURER: DR MUKHONGO

TECHNOLOGIST: MR KING’OO
S/N NAME REG NO. SIGNATURE
1. KELVIN MUTUNGA KIITI BSEE/488J/2020
2. EMMANUEL OCHIENG BSEE/372J/2020
3. JOSHUA OKUMU MOENGA BSEE/344J/2020
4. JEELYNE FAITH OBAI BSEE/355J/2020
5. SHELDON MAPILI BSEE/352J/2020
6. MARGARET ATEMO BSEE/323J/2020
7. THUMBI JOSEPH SIKUKUU BSEE/330J/2020
8. ERICK AGWANDA BSEE/350J/2020
9. BRIAN ODUOR BSEE/194J/2018
DATE OF ACTIVITY: 19/06/2023

DATE OF SUBMISSION: 26/06/2023

INTRODUCTION
Microprocessors are essential components of modern computing systems, acting as the brains
behind the efficient execution of complex tasks. The emergence of 32-bit microprocessors has
revolutionized the field, providing increased computational power and enhanced capabilities
compared to their predecessors. This lab report documents the process of familiarizing with a
specific 32-bit microprocessor module, aimed at exploring its functionalities and gaining practical
experience in working with it.

OBJECTIVES
• Familiarize with the 32-bit microprocessor module board.

EQUIPMENTS
• 32- bit microprocessor board (Z3).
• Power supply unit (PS2 – PSV/EV).
• Connecting wires.

THEORY
The 32-bit microprocessor is made up of the following;

Memory unit, Display unit, Keyboard unit, Parallel I/O unit, Serial I/O Unit, Analog I/O
unit, Power supply unit, Logic probes unit and Faults unit.

1. Memory unit
The memory unit is divided as follows:
➢ EPROM system 32K: It is from initial address F8000 final address FFFFF
➢ EPROM user 32K: It is from initial address F0000 final address F7FFF
➢ RAM 32K: It is from initial address 00000 final address 07FFF. The RAM is further
divided into a system area, user area and system reserved for interaction vectors.
2. Display unit
This unit contains the display for the visualization of data and messages during the use
of the system. It receives the commands and the data directly from the data bus and
uses the following hexadecimal address lines:
✓ 350: Writing of codes
✓ 351: Writing of data
✓ 352: Reading of the state.
✓ 353: Reading data
3. Keyboard unit
This unit contains the keyboard for the emission of commands and data during the use
of the system.

The keys functions are as follows:

CHG/RET: Switches into the modification mode (CHG) or terminates the modification
session (RET) and returns to the command mode.
RESET: It resets the microprocessor
LAST: Visualizes the last memory address, register or breakpoint
FIRST: Visualizes the first memory address, register or breakpoint.
RUN: Visualizes the last memory address, register or breakpoint.
GO: Follows a program from any memory address
DEC (-): Decrements the memory address, the register or the displayed breakpoint
INC (+): Increments the memory address, the register or the displayed breakpoint
MEM: Examines/changes the contents of the memory
REG: Examines/changes the contents of general registers.
Arrow keys: They move the cursor to the left or right during data modification.
4. Parallel I/O unit
This unit contains a controller of parallel interface of the type 8255, which makes
available N.3 I/O parallel ports.
A line of the Port C (PC4) is then used to command the buzzer.
5. Serial I/O Unit
This unit contains a controller of serial asynchronous interface of the type 8250. It
receives the clock at 1.8432 MHz from an external oscillator and drives all the typical
lines of an interface RS-232: TXD, RXD, CTS, RTS, DCD, DSR and DTR
6. Analog I/O unit
This unit contains an A/D converter and an D/A converter of 8 bit. Drives input and
output analog signals in the range 0-8 Volt.
7. Logic probes unit
This unit contains the logic probes, together with the corresponding visualization LEDs
of the state.
8. Faults unit.
This unit contains the connector for the connection with the unit IPES Mod. SIS1, SIS2 e
SIS3 which manage the faults insertion.

PROCEDURE
i. Connect the power supply and Z3/EV Module as shown.
ii. Switch ON power on socket, power supply and press RESET button on Z3 Module
in that sequence.
iii. Press the MEM key to display the address field and select your memory i.e. 0000;
0800.
iv. Press CHG/RET to select required command.
v. Use Cursor keys (←→) to move cursor on display, INC (+) and DEC (-) to
decrement and increment values respectively.
vi. Press GO or RUN to execute your program.

OBSERVATION
• When you press the RESET button, it displays the command prompt.
• When you press the MEM button it displays the Address Field. i.e., Address 0000:0800.
• When you press the CHG/RET key it displays the DATA FIELD i.e.,0000: 0800.a.hoo
whereby .a.hoo. is the data attached to the address field; 0000:0800.
• While entering data, the INC(+) key is used for incrementing values and DEC(-) key is
used for decrementing a value.
• When you press GO it displays; GO from? where you insert the initial point of reference
for the operation then it displays Program Running after inserting the reference point.
• When you press the RUN key it displays; Program Running.
 ANALYSIS
In order to power on the module, we first turn on the power socket, then the power
supply unit then the module board via the RESER button. We follow this order to
prevent electric spikes and surges which arise from back emf initially developed and
may in turn damage the electrical components.

The various keys we utilized include;

✓ RESET key which is physically connected to the rest line of the microprocessor.
✓ CHG/RET key has a double function. The function CHG (Change) allows entering
in modification session of a value eventually present on the display (contents of a
register, memory location) the function RET (Return) allows ending the
modification session. the modification session is made evident by the presence of
the cursor on the display.
✓ The ARROW keys allow moving the cursor during the modification session.
✓ MEM key command allows examining the contents of the memory.
✓ REG key command allows visualizing/modifying the contents of all the registers
of the microprocessor.
✓ RUN key command starts a program considering the memory address
0000:0800H as the departing address. It is useful for quickly starting the
programs transferred from PC, which are positioned automatically starting from
this address.
✓ GO key command allows starting the execution of a program specifying the
departing address.

CONCLUSION
• We were able to familiarize ourselves with the 32-bit microprocessor.
• We learnt how to program a microprocessor by inserting commands at the
input(keyboard).

APPLICATIONS
i. Personal Computers: 32-bit microprocessors have been widely used in personal
computers (PCs) for many years. They power the CPU of desktops, laptops, and
workstations, providing the processing capabilities required for running operating
systems, applications, and multimedia tasks.
ii. Embedded Systems: 32-bit microprocessors are extensively used in embedded
systems, which are specialized computer systems designed to perform specific
functions within larger systems. They can be found in consumer electronics,
automotive systems, industrial control systems, medical devices, and more. 32-bit
 microprocessors offer the necessary processing power to handle complex algorithms
and real-time tasks in these embedded applications.
iii. Mobile Devices: Smartphones, tablets, and other mobile devices rely on 32-bit
microprocessors to provide efficient and powerful processing capabilities. These
processors enable smooth multitasking, multimedia playback, gaming, and internet
browsing while optimizing power consumption to extend battery life.
iv. Networking Equipment: 32-bit microprocessors are utilized in networking
equipment such as routers, switches, and modems. They handle packet processing,
data routing, security protocols, and network management tasks, enabling efficient
and reliable network communication.
v. Consumer Electronics: Various consumer electronic devices, such as digital cameras,
televisions, set-top boxes, and home entertainment systems, utilize 32-bit
microprocessors for controlling and processing functions. These processors enable
advanced features, user interfaces, and connectivity options in consumer electronics.
vi. Industrial Automation: In industrial automation systems, 32-bit microprocessors are
employed for controlling and monitoring complex machinery and processes. They
enable precise control, data acquisition, and real-time decision-making, contributing
to increased efficiency, productivity, and safety in industrial environments.
vii. Gaming Consoles: Gaming consoles heavily rely on 32-bit microprocessors to provide
high-performance gaming experiences. These processors handle complex graphics
rendering, physics simulations, and AI algorithms, creating immersive gaming
environments.
viii. Automotive Systems: Modern automobiles incorporate 32-bit microprocessors for
various functions, including engine management, fuel injection, anti-lock braking
systems (ABS), airbag systems, in-car entertainment, and advanced driver assistance
systems (ADAS). These processors enable efficient and reliable operation of
automotive systems, enhancing safety and performance.
ix. Medical Devices: Medical equipment, such as imaging systems, patient monitoring
devices, and diagnostic instruments, often utilize 32-bit microprocessors for real-time
data processing, control, and communication. They enable accurate measurements,
data analysis, and integration with other medical systems.
x. Scientific and Research Applications: 32-bit microprocessors are employed in
scientific and research applications that require intensive data processing and
computation. They are used in fields such as weather forecasting, simulation, data
analysis, and scientific modeling.
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