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    Non Parametric Test Examples

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    Amni Radhiah
    The document provides 5 examples of using paired sample sign tests and signed rank tests to analyze before-after data and test hypotheses. Each example gives the null and alternative hypotheses, test method, and solution or conclusion for whether to reject the null hypothesis based on the data and significance level of 0.05.

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    Non Parametric Test Examples

    Uploaded by

    Amni Radhiah
    24 views13 pages
    The document provides 5 examples of using paired sample sign tests and signed rank tests to analyze before-after data and test hypotheses. Each example gives the null and alternative hypotheses, test method, and solution or conclusion for whether to reject the null hypothesis based on the data and significance level of 0.05.

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    All notes helpful for all problems

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    The document provides 5 examples of using paired sample sign tests and signed rank tests to analyze before-after data and test hypotheses. Each example gives the null and alternative hypotheses, test method, and solution or conclusion for whether to reject the null hypothesis based on the data and significance level of 0.05.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    24 views13 pages

    Non Parametric Test Examples

    Uploaded by

    Amni Radhiah
    The document provides 5 examples of using paired sample sign tests and signed rank tests to analyze before-after data and test hypotheses. Each example gives the null and alternative hypotheses, test method, and solution or conclusion for whether to reject the null hypothesis based on the data and significance level of 0.05.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 13

    EXAMPLE 1

    • To determine the effectiveness of a new traffic-control system, the numbers of accidents that occurred at 12
    dangerous intersections during four weeks before and four weeks after the installation of the new system were
    observed, and the following data were obtained:
    • 3 and 1; 5 and 2; 2 and 0; 3 and 2; 3 and 0; 0 and 2;
    4 and 3; 1 and 3; 6 and 4; 4 and 1; 1 and 10; 3 and 2
    • Use the paired-sample sign test at the 0.05 level of significance to test the null hypothesis that the new traffic-
    control system is only as effective as the old system. (the populations sampled are not continuous, but this does
    not matter as long as zero differences are discarded)
    SOLUTION

    • 𝐻0: 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑛𝑒𝑤 𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑐 − 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑜𝑙 𝑠𝑦𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑚 𝑖𝑠 𝑜𝑛𝑙𝑦 𝑎𝑠 𝑒𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒 𝑎𝑠 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑜𝑙𝑑 𝑠𝑦𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑚.
    • 𝐻1: 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑛𝑒𝑤 𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑐 − 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑜𝑙 𝑠𝑦𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑚 𝑖𝑠 𝑑𝑖𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑜𝑙𝑑 𝑠𝑦𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑚
    • Use the test statistic x, the observed number of plus signs.
    • Replacing each POSITIVE difference by a PLUS sign and each NEGATIVE difference by a MINUS sign, we
    get: BEFORE AFTER SIGN OF DIFFERENCE
    3 1 +
    5 2 +
    2 0 +
    So that n=12, number
    3 2 +
    of plus sign is 10
    3 0 +
    0 2 -
    4 3 +
    1 3 -
    6 4 +
    4 1 +
    1 0 +
    3 2 +
    Number of Probability of Cumulative probability Alpha= 0.05;
    success success Closest (0.0192)
    0 0.0002 1 critical value is 10

    1 0.0029 0.9998
    2 0.0161 0.9969 Decision:
    Since the number of plus sign (10)
    3 0.0537 0.9808
    is equal to the critical value (10),
    4 0.1209 0.9271 we reject null hypothesis.
    5 0.1934 0.8062
    6 0.2256 0.6128
    7 0.1934 0.3872
    8 0.1209 0.1938
    9 0.0537 0.0729
    10 0.0161 0.0192
    11 0.0029 0.0031
    12 0.0002 0.0002
    EXAMPLE 2
    • A standard method for completing a task on an assembly line yields a median completion time of 55
    seconds. A new procedure is developed that should reduce the median time required. In order to test the
    new procedure, 15 subjects are asked to complete the task, and these observations are obtained on the
    random variable x, the time required:
    • 35 65 48 40 70 50 58 36 47 41 49
    39 34 33 31
    • Suppose that the significance level is 0.05. Do we have evidence that the new procedure reduces the
    median time required to complete the task?
    SOLUTION

    • 𝐻0: M = 55
    • 𝐻1: 𝑀 < 55
    • PVALUE (0.0176<0.05) WE REJECT THE NULL HYPOTHESIS
    EXAMPLE 3
    • The melting point for a new lightweight material designed for use in automobile interiors is being
    investigated. It is known that due to impurities in the material, the melting point is a random variable
    uniformly distributed over a small temperature interval. It is thought that the median melting point is less than
    120 C. Do these data support this contention at 0.05 significance level?
    • 115.1 117.8 116.5 121.0 120.3 119.0 119.8 118.5
    • 𝐻0: 𝑀 = 120
    • 𝐻1: 𝑀 < 120
    SOLUTION

    • N=8, CRITICAL VALUE IS 6 (ONE-TAILED)


    • SINCE THE VALUE OF TEST STATISTIC (5.5) IS LESS THAN THE CRITICAL VALUE (6). WE REJECT THE NULL
    HYPOTHESIS.
    EXAMPLE 4
    • THE FOLLOWING ARE THE WEIGHTS IN POUNDS, BEFORE AND AFTER, OF 16 PERSONS WHO STAYED ON A
    CERTAIN REDUCING DIET FOR FOUR WEEKS:
    Before after Before After
    147.0 137.9 215.5 203.2
    183.5 176.2 147.7 149.0
    232.1 219.0 208.1 195.4
    161.6 163.8 166.8 158.5
    197.5 193.5 131.9 134.4
    206.3 201.4 150.3 149.3
    177.0 180.6 197.2 189.1
    159.8 159.1 171.7 173.2
    • USE THE SIGN TEST TO TEST AT THE 0.05 LEVEL OF SIGNIFICANCE WHETHER THE WEIGHT-REDUCING DIET
    IS EFFECTIVE.
    SOLUTION
    EXAMPLE 5
    • THE FOLLOWING ARE 15 MEASUREMENTS OF THE OCTANE RATING OF A CERTAIN KIND OF GASOLINE:
    • 97.5 95.2 97.3 96.0 96.8 100.3 97.4 95.3 93.2 99.1 96.1
    97.6 98.2 98.5 94.9
    • USE THE SIGNED- RANK TEST AT THE 0.05 LEVEL OF SIGNIFICANCE TO TEST WHETHER THE MEAN OCTANE
    RATING OF THE GIVEN KIND OF GASOLINE IS 98.5.
    • 𝐻0: 𝑚 = 98.5
    • 𝐻1: 𝑚 ≠ 98.5

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