Part -A \Watte tee difference between TP and UDP Protoc) eh) Wide the difference betmeen Connection oriented Preto) and connection | less Protwcol « Ter vse Tm 1 FTE IS A Comection HK uve 18 a Piagtan | Oniented protocol Connection dsuerted Proto col» (connection laws Oriented means that the Pastocel ) Gmmuniceting devies should | establish A connection apree is Veliatle Os MH [Quarantees the delivers oF dada totie destinahon Youley- | Juctanteed USF Tha delivery, dota 4o tha dostiretion Connet be ATP is Comparatwely Slowey UDP IS Sastey and Simple, » 1 thon vor | ATE iS hoavy weight pune is Ughbwe’ ght Qwhat ove tha Three ways of handshake”, SYN (Sent by Client) CS erred a SYN-ACK (ACK sent by Sewer) SyW sent bY server for ACK ce Sent by Client) Oper connection &) Give “the apetoaches +) improve Qos. | Scheduling -ttasFic shofing admission Conti! and Yesource Seaton + Some techiigues that can be wed, ty impwve the qwolity of Service + The out common methods anu cheduling , traffic shaping, admission Conctio| And gerource seseryation,4) How Gngestion occas in A nelwosds 7 Network congestion occurs in cases oF Lr0sSi¢ over loading when a Vink of network node ic hand ling dada in excess of tts capacity, To avoid @llafse and yedtice tro Effects Of Congestion in the Network, otganizations Use yarious Congestion avoidance Cnd congesbon Cort rol Methods. |S) What Gould be Preferable over pthey ter/vDP - | siyeaming @ live video over the inte Tet - by large fie dransSey¥ teefupe » | Q) Streaming @ live video over The bylarge Hw +sunssex —> TCP intevnee UDP1 Bap he te vay hardshake prratacal do Exloblish | The Trangovt deer Connedivon -Discuss % abort dually of | Revtee | Tep ts conection oriented protocol . Tep Enables te Nest te extablish tonneckion and bronsfer shreams | C4 clat, among them. FCP ensures orelia bility b | Guaronted de liver El olaty TCP Edn dihablisbenert | 7 lial nat the phypiea , | There ave Theres Phases af connedlion orient TCP transmission : ‘ ') fonnedliso eatab lishment 2D>Deta Trond 85 tinneckion fesmitation ' Three Sagmorth need te’ exchanged beliocon the Sender, Celrer ) ard Aeceiver (Server) b geteb lish ‘la reliable TcP tornecton. : > SYN | Tn this Step 5 Gerdes who wishes te Extblish a Connection uitth Server bend a Seqment with S¥v- | ® |Synchronize Oey mene’ Number along wiih “the reais Kquence nuinkex 4 Segment Ths Sequence number Ls dermedl as Juitiol. Slguence Numbew : The client onbibomy Nolan conte Cm fod Se number XOYN bck > Sewer Responds to ‘the client grequest wilh Tso flag b& SYN HACK as Aekmoniledgemert (pck) PSYWV wignidies with the Sopence number. tb -is Hela fo Aa Coan STE has te define Lwindory Size) S¥u+ Aci also Lo hd oor dat, bat rt shonsuries oe Peqeme number eK sated : a Ps dad Steps clint ochnoslackes, Bek as Aepone to the wer. 7 5 NVows 4 Loqead tormadlion & Established ae perf Nelable brane mission of acdual dh - : Tt Ag 0 achnowledamer enment. ; voit hc Hey ard acknontelagnest number field. 1The three toa hard shaleia C ‘ Absurvers dow a full -e a ln ( (Com mremnrcation (wor) SYN FACK, Lapev) Kn) ‘ona tele ~ | Tee SYN tool & 2 pe oy oetedated |Deniah of — (nos) athele . Lf words on the normal TeP, Hrres, = vou hardehake 4 Lonsume barluttth on the bevaptid. 4 fever aol a the: Lesives bevesponsive « To Eatblch a permed Ter meth > Chet Sends. equasls Connect’ p foley oS YN posssrave L! We orver. 4 2> Sewer acknowledges dhart by boi sn “Ack 3S Client Sesporels bool with an ACK rmessags jane theithe tonnedian ts Eetablishest 2SPate Troms lex 7 One “connedion Late isles 4: dl olapex Comection fakes place between he de anol Ih Receivers. | [? Thee Can bord data avel acknowle dp fh bell, ite toe < The Aeamentis Sord by the receives Loi are tub: th (pou) - * Push bet (Bs) i I> This Sipe a tonnection tho aon b printed | Tee do dunk wriedtal TCP - se wher Psa bit i wha bye ef lomimmunieation ke ‘ |" Oran & bst (UR) | - | the med dahich ‘3 ionsicle vel os target / [Prioviby Set with “Uae bet | The dorlig Ter derols the ng: dak at the begiiy e the “ve : >The Romoins esmerb torts notre Act fon Ke hija 0 | speent, mode UE vice. Jy The aapphabiem propor f, In o 1 ad ; ih a on ee) ab Sends dide to treat dome Baar=t Social hom > Estab lis hektonnechioin fn! he keiminatd either by Clort oy dana, preferably. by iene 2 options ton be Sollowed te perform tonnechdon termination ' “Thee vey hershey, or connln “termina n: 2) On sreceving close. Command from Chiewt jthe Chest TCP fercls The FIN Samant. The FIN doyinert & Gt te inclule Int chink af ote Set by He ced Tiv ts a lortvol Sagrend, not the laa 4. TA, Consumes re dance vinkels 12 a Bret On Neceivi Iw degen tho Gaver TCP enol, FLW + ALK doymnen ow acknovsleds amert fr The. Puce ived FIN daginerit . A& acknotolelgerert Profins te the ovina & tonmech:an at bolh Hee ot ®> Hodlp close :- | 3cbent TEP covets Hele amen “Ww lonfym “he Ae tei 1 e FIN + Ack from ower + tH does hil Contoin life safo 1 loncumes he dog xonee number, Sop derdig folate . durvi Ue of cbt 5 eur os he + close . ThE request fan be &sucol cither Aver to) clast . ye cot” Serves Neve derver b bpen to Sora the oe r rds Rett .fool B | | Explain oe two Congestion Canbyof Mochaxivm vith, examyle | Cong estion Control Vejen bo lechniques and mochanizran| Ifat » Can either Pocevent Congestion ; Congesdicon before it Jhagpens ov Venreve Congestion . aplen it has hoppned Congestion Conbet mechanism i divided into +20 | | Colegeries > Qpen Loep —— Conk? 2 Chased - Jeep [Congestion Contyel | ion Control Algexithiwa Leaky Bucket Argorithes ° [- thor hovt want bo Gords pockel , packet is then Into the —batcke - a nan oige fo at a Conlant role, meaning fe FA < - Unvequlated ST Bucket helding loan doops _ ° latstene Gre Packs ng be feats Be flow 8: Burwty brophic B Converted te een me i by the leaky buckel 7 tie Ao Tn Practice the buckel is a finile Queue that ( Qulpah af a finibe oe ia Teken backel Algeaittum | Neeck : | The leak, bucket oh aorta, erfercea Oulpst patter jak the average Yate, no moter show buh I the been “To deal with the budy bedfic Rale vi —y ° Toker On ° o Packets queue | er TT att Th Yegulon thenvola {bekers Gre too inh fe | f Q-the buckek har a maxinum Capacity -f 3D thee & a Yeady Packel, a tcken is Yemeved Pron the buckel, and the Pockeh i Genk ATS there a no token in the bucket . the Packet Gund be Sent Conggstion Prevention Policies « The Methods te Conkvel Congestion by lacking ot Oper leep Bip” uThe data Sink Lazer Policies - The vebroumission, Potiog i& — Concemed — with how fark a Gorden dimes out ond what ff froma, upon timeout A jumpy Gender that timer out quickly avd Lyebronamit, all Gubdovrding packels turing, geo backwill Pal a Weaver Tend On the Arylem thon wil a} hal uses Aeleclive Yepeal deigunely Sender 4 | Bufferina, palerg | TH Yeceivers voulinely discard all ouk of Order Packets , there Packets toll have te be branamilled again tater, Crealing extra Scag voit vespect to Congestion Contra, Selective yepeak is Clearly beller then Go back w Acknowdedgement patie» | TL each packel & acknocedged i i . the acknowledgement packe generate oie bell However if acknendedgement are Gaved up te [Piageyback onto Yevene trodfic , extra timeouk and Yekvonsmissions m Yesull - O- Nekwoork lassen Kicies - > Pocket queneing and Gewice paivg Yelate te Whefier Youkou hove One queue por input bine, One quene Pen Oulpak dine, o- both Gk also Yokes te the Order in which Packebe One Prtcemed > Discord patios & the Yule felling, idhith pocket in dropped chen there & No pace > A good voukng Myon Can help oweid Congertion by Spreading the traffic ever OU the Sines, Whereas a bad one Con Qendtec much traffic Over already Congerted liner ” ©Teckel Lifetime Management deals with how Jong ] a Packet max, ive befove being discarded © Tf if is too long, loat packels mos Clea, up the wooks, | fox a Mong Hime, but i Lig too abort, packels meng | uk bedove reaching therr dedinotion Komekimes time © wr inducing Yelvouumisions ° The Gome water Occur os in the doko link layer, hak m addition — determina the trout intewol i Norden because the trawi time across the Neko & dese Predickable thon the fronit me even a wire between two youlers - LT] the Hmeout interval ig too Aut, ectra will be Genk Unnecersorttby, rf i who long, Congestion. will be veduced bak the Yesponse Hinwe vill Gaffer whenever a. packet islesa)f) ompare The featwue betwen tcp £ vOP TCR vor eter & connection ovitnted. | supe i wonngction LUA. 2TCP vonnection & byte | eupp connection & mumags “stycam. | Atvea- STC? tows not Auppostl mutt’ | @ upp sappont broadcasting. | canting and. bswad.couting- PGE prowdes VOOn vontyel ard Ain coneol | A TCP Auppests ull duper aUDP dogs nck support fu dupe beansninion- éJe anes not pxovide glow control and axnox contol. fanamiuston - aTP & setfable, ak uDP & unswliable ETLP pater’ colle | UDP Padre, catled | | eqn Wer dakagam - se MN) W) Explan the TLR windy format. 1 bog SOUNEZ post bu, Auaieation Pork um ponent | ~ “Utb bit) Ub bit) Obit Aeaquente Muir | 3a sate “aunowladgernent: usr nent A Faontifies tne ALQUINE dom cxpeces %0 yeutve in gud | | | | rump & valid-OPSHS “Me srecefver Should paws she dara to the Appaation a soon ad posehle. | OY Rsrs This glag & und eo suse ne connection. dt b | Uo urd to seged an tnvalid segment S SYN suntaontxe Aequenle number to tnétiate a vonnectien, ke peli the connection “Heat svN=1 and ACK-=o to | *hdicate tat ine prggyba ce acknoustedgement tele & not | Pn we. | JJFIN= The FIN brt & usd to xolease a Connection . g | Apeditte that Ie sender wb 4enished sending data. S)mtndow Ax at specipies ste number a bytes tre sender | & wwiWing to acepe . més field can be wed to contrel Ihe | | flow yf data and vangestien 1 Usgent porate + T the Ro slag bie B ret, Ine segment | Contains wigent data meaning tne secefving rep enttty MUSE deliver Tr £0 the Migher Layo immedfatety. to i EMD ocd gon transport Jayor oxen detection. Optfows yz. : 4g a MTL the pfaids ts vardapse option scott may be und to Provide ome Auncttons hak axe not covered by the Ineaden. | i : : a a) Nata: Data geod Ate Vauable- Tk contains yyesr | date. -upScrP : SCTP Sixeam Contef Transmission Cuntoctl, Cornleives | ate gratis Of both UDP and TEP. ft yuna at | Me rasp OE Jayer. ‘ | = °, CP Cengshen | UTP =? UDP meesage primed aud Tl nol | *SCTP ib tmplemanted on ior Oo Pp nokweres dO Covide ond 1 enol (Hmmunt cation . | KSCTP bandlles nrultile Sirutrauepus atrears SCT end. inks We IP adduns fuem lipuent — ESPs 464% fuult — tolerance. | Khene ft dunpous multi hortivg | KSCTP dew uot ebuppowa half ope Connutren, 60 kb pnmistant Jo pooding curd masquerade adtarks * SctP BD capolle olekeutt ng chevopped orol duyliterted — Powkola. SCTP Seuvites; * GE Buowides Guoters 1D Eupters Lommuni cotton # TCP Lnvolwes dingle atwoam tonnention. $0, when antn broulum = 0CtUuHS iN Comrnunt cation fash jit blocks We dakinewy of olata. But tis can be Ove4Lome dy sere, whith ollouss nubtitrwam Sowie in cay (omnentien. ris YB tabled asodation ere|Sontiug | eeciving Cweeys | Rypcers bow oe [_ Athans data) — SCTP MW ple Wpetiow tn scTP Full Quplerr ceonmentfen: sere effets pull olupler Conmertion. fe devils ao! wines dota din both olitertons. Connenten §erionted elomices ScTP enably Lonnertion suutarted Woough ayetatten. Rlfate wouvie: sete Btovicles seolighe obputie by Cupvicling atknowle- dgertent on aul receipe of data. SCT RP -peottunes + Sere indudes sie following features. Tromminion sequente Mure (Ts) Tsu te sed +O wutber nw clara Clerks. TS ane 32-bit tong y te bes the warns Job a: saquiente nun A Ter. TeV ake initiolised Letween oaud a. Stearn Jolemtipivy (ST) tah eoam jp Jolewtipied by pkaeeam dlontifion csr). gt 1b oD number , stastting itor o |\ Asean Sequetie Marthe TSS) ssh Bb aued Jo Fdevify Ime meguote idorting q | d 0 dato. Poke: gn SCIP, Waete cits sd jyPes a doula . * contel — chuuths ¥* Mata chunks. | [lorthel chucks [SaIa Chunks : Parrot : hOcsifviatiend pox] okocuce ead lana or jj __devssum | Cento chunks SCIP Patkot ly 7 Pocket pray cemntatn dippenent clounks and | Cuunks oy Lelovg $0 clipgornt wbearns. tach data | Cumnks icluoles «Heine Foden piven. Peknouledgencent vuumben s ser cuxnowrtedlgernett number ate chiytk Pirrted- scTP Melos tonto? Lyoumanbn at excknowledye- ont £4: IIT Coytvel wk cute nowrtselgament b INIT- ACK chunk J gcrP olpes wot weed any ve, qpence numbey 64 onknounsdgement ruber dusntig arknowtedgenent. @es forkul foynrat: Hence van sek oh blocks Cepinecl as wks Jw yrs avis 1) qwtbuef uk )epase Uuasik- He ole Uw | Chunk 2 fn scTP Poteet a 4 veusivation 04 (30-biE pil tod mortus Faucet] Jo an axsodaten) a thuksun (use CRE 32) Chunks + chuks lou qusees (oramon Pioldls - % sugourration plelol | = Tye # Resomped pid. | Ott Fielold ove: Type Cun 0 DATA ! SMIT & twit Aue > _ sack\ee 14 Spurdown COMPLETE SUTP akociation : gi you Wwe vhaye | 1) sere asoctouion estabtdnune | | 9) Dayo Houager | 3) SCrP axsoctaxion teunination | Userp apocaton esrabtlincnr : \ Je moguls four way Mondo? 1 otuive scP | axsoriaten eatadalishnant- | Jo wane +b fupuss by ausoctadion , teat novds STP. SCTP aAeeey — Meee es Ofen , eviated ty Ueemt as outive fen. ayouation as Payive IP four Youd shaklug Bt peur, dhont cowl str chunk # yeurpication ag (VT) 6% tuts Poet 0, beLaupe Bu we But Roweok fem Chat 0 deswer Rie uve comtaled rnst tog oud alveWise | jyus VOR ob rapid (Keurive window) | 1 4 Sinw Serr wos dota Chunks os Hed powdh fours, no own data aw oat Jin fiat Paneer | ——ae| ¥aewey dows Hy vt | reins Cut gives lygunaren aoe win fia\ Glan ctiuatn te value 4 sound all Lib 10 send cloth as itd PoLueet net atk aso Suvi otis Mayr opines the wah suey tw momeut- KimAT atk wap - * ik wena (0k TE ECHO Cluuk ag uisvol ‘Youre sere allows inchwsion % data foukelt with tts “Chua. gt Ba vey simple fouskels # SOW seo COokFE ALK Unik ot golUsttn | Paukeok. aura Uhawes ton be tncludledd win ruts | Pouket. 8) Dota Troupe? : Histiation eoptiobed Jo tans olatla |Aeburen Uden and dose. TOP tual ecru | Un depenclunt UheHos In ScTP lata ehuies tuts Soloed 40 ene auptless. SCT mainretus eurdlovri | Gmeng We modage. Eon lata chunk ute one TS. | Bue “Uumks ee ouknourtedlyed py SACK Uluuces, | Midi eraag Dove Horses n SeTr tnctueles mul horniug Cyabitity . upon rutile IP aololuess emo Us oleh ritael | Baroy ado oud oor ots ol pavive laddoun. Mudiistecan ove i SCTP ses -t8Y nmben Yo Landle | * Bata tvanspen | # movernuil dota Clues | oh te {SCTP luyyrerla suv0 Tyres ef den hiliiuy 4 ¥ oydlosied x Wrordlisced / | Pagmeatuion : an | agmantalten in Lp tekes plate at york Solel | wloeas fragment fA sere takers Plate at ranapord dogo: Sty of ue dlatouguan is detounined by ! | data Cuaunk boorole err pon) Saal * ScTP IP Weouler- davoiation Jotmination ria dur Of cee’ out Close He (oiuuuier- Sere dee not glow half -clotedl asoctatien. Sh one ULpws te Connection wan ly dxault ote aud must Abs He oun) TiMe Time Sete — Aysotrarion Yeuntnatien GD——— —_ “How unit ef dato byte YU Komndled ay wo wnt of, data, We ol TOP, Owe inte, wobaseears SCTP Moun cl les cei» Yur vers % Mund avd cwnd tn bytes whoeas Yl valines & TS auc Cryattessed yk . : aud cuenowhrelgenturts — ale enporrsed fn Chutes Rear! Reve, Wor one upper oud yuese Vourraltes A Bub wld dato chunky yr 0 voad by the fuveys S * Hust vaniatle Wolds Tar peteirved antol | Coryutins —commudative ts, Cum Ts # Seton voutade rplola bugger shyt (bled Mn singe #* thind yauioule Wolo! desk Conunulative Ceckrvourla dap more 1 ABE ACK. Jaye oud ee Rectal > 95] 2a] 1 ao] Burttly| Russ 23 -Cum TSIV 1000 — Winsiye 1e - out Ae ON wondiug o Chunk , Lup Singe (wins tge) Jos by suumpving Hie olata CUMS # When Heeive ends SACK, TE Ceecks tie Value of Joat Ack. df tasteck t% sour CumSTN Wler te gos Sack with a turnulatve roy rune, equal de0 Cum 3 #4 nds valu of winstye as artired avirdow ping. The volue o LostAle updaked“| yo get value ©, cumin ’ Senate : : | gency lau one LUApe” and three vasualtes | Aur oH, Cuts ~ defies nerd chunk to be sent yund - di Wololy four value oduertted py ie MECINeY » | ‘nTyauit - Joclols the nundher g Supers in brousit | dhe \eulue o% rund is upolaced with ee value | Oh Mur aduettised window fa tw SACK. | } OBE Contyol: SALK Chuuik % used yo aeepOut yi atouts Sete Juubpet yo te Mundlen. | Reivers § Reinet atotus all chunks arotived fn tes queue! am quay of vata usd 1 rok beainning bloue » end & brik UF A orl — uted owicl oLuplitat chutes - Sendo: ON deve side , 7k maintains § nyo bupgeed , eno ty YO aed ond kun UY to Pups seohansninion. ft also rratkes wise of Hamre voriioudutes. er wAd & InTranit * cwsfISV[soles] si] eslou) a3] = (uy TSN~% t | 9000 - you ” | pa 00 - iNnTIOMUs aay > ua | p _ | Kehamsprision en | Queue [3 Wty eney tonrnol —Soncdes Siole Cad TyorAntivsfon takers plate wheter olato. Chutes in ee Sencking quite wth a TSM Avan gH eaual Yo Guits 81 if te ane Cuutky Sp we Luettoumision queue. : Retuomsmision i done jo contol Lost & AS voricled — Makeot. ft coun Jue othioved by Ho whateg’ KReeenaminion Hens | %*OUH missiug Hepbrots SCTP wseus: | # eawutul RTT CKTTM) | # Smoored ett CRITS) | * RTT oleviouion (TTD) | SACK Upwutes gumiosten ; SO Yue tue in eso contuol 40% tee Fromoution e& sack unuwees. Whunwwen clouia is aout Yo olastinodtion, vb rE mtg | SACK Chur AdRHHEING He stecefpt of unatkynowl ease | DATA clunks. Whanowes Podket oueeiver in aur of ony Uw, Yun Yue eee mut immochiatoly senol Spice> 5) Fiutiake eo worlhing Te congeslion auoidanee wing | random — kaly victedlion in Davo Yayo vith onan Lenayation Avoidance Cool VS Avoidance Control : Muirirninge inpad of, congestion when ik OCA Avoidance: Avoid producing songpslion TCP impose - methods to — one it haya. instead and to owoid AL iA & rawurtion — at w congonion nel a a NEY, adam. Avoadhts ‘to Lona onoidane > Router. asad & Rows gun int to ond — owta % DECLIK A RED i & is signalling congestion . vot inn calrout onalale panduidth, cylin —rosng cooly. Soure - bast a Based on dias, 4 ae Hosts moje Wialigenthy nf 40rgev! peck (Quilinain eyniendng crgtin ‘a = Ot ip wad on he Auous Lorgth Qjoitad Nevo acids AT a sonndiondless noook with sonnedion - ouared — ayU(otL ora kM id to we ‘ on ak ropowatilty Sa between | \t & oe ne gn Moder —_Haijouy _ cunont use}HStnole congestion Wik added to packet Shonda by Aoutlon AL ity avenge queue fength in ‘qwatar than ob mpi 10 | ak the time paket aiives + Nonitiow aurraqe quoue Gong ovr Yast bury 4 idfe. oye nlus uukont — bury cycle ¥ See congestion Rik if ounrage game Pangth >I. & Caleuletr arta wrder anve and divides that volug bY Kime teal +0 comyruile onmoqe queue fongth DEC Rik a End Hosta, & Dostination echoes frit oth to Aoune. ; Sour Nevada how mow packets neuiled in hat bE. % 40 us than 50% oh fat ulindouls with fod bit Aol inasorc —CongWin by paket. / * 4h a mot of fost windouk woth Bad BL Ae deosore CongWin by 0.915 Tima. Random Eonly Deledion (RED * * Sila to DECK Achwmne. % Who rxoula dated, that congestion is Truman, 2 Notifjia ta ue to adjuat bs congpstion window. ® Notiiuation ia anys a > Tu Gop ta pacer. Ow ‘himeous) > (oul mol svptidk by wanking the packs. x tonby pandonn —dop > Gotu than waik fp Gpuue 40 Recon Aull, duop > Foch aovining with dome —dyop probability whenever quant oragth, guauds one op bau > Hope in to coun oun, to Alow = down, only +0 pouuant congestion.Cemyuce —cunrege queue Songth: a Augen = (1- Werght\s Auglen + Warght Soy Jaton oZ Wah L 1 Curnally 00a) SampeLoy WW gue Qangth each tome a yrackel OMIA. MaxThishold Mia Thushold MIT Avg Len rho qpouc Sangth —‘thasholda thak Tuqges uortain oshuuition WG Auglan 4 = Nin Trshold han the 4 NuvThuahald 2 AugLen - re Thnhold tin wnlasote pea Ste with (obo, P it wath 2 Ze ora thon dio onwulng, pad om ( sting obalbi Ji Re n fawhold) [ (Nok Tusshol _Nin Thushold Tom P= Man? * ( Auglen - Mint p= amp fC (.-counk 4 Tay P) Diop Crobalisiiby uve plauop) to Max P. > hrigton i MirThumsh MaxThiesh | a) +Turing RED: x Probability of duoyyunny a prastrcutlan Plows praudst (6) dy Nowa {wo aptional +o the Ahan of Candundth | Ahad Row iy uoniilly — qpllorg t Move typically ACL (0 0.002 -0.09 , when an apie. gus Aue walla, Petweon the two tusholda, the golimay duos rovsly one out of 50 pases. * Af Taalfic Qunitly, than Min Thusshold AhowlA be Tage to NeQlow Gare untibigation to be maintaind 92 an aueeptialy high aya. 4 Sighs vty two tumholda Ahold be woge ous Qongth in one 8TT. fui Min Towohold is nonsnnalley hon WUC wn * ae erin ca ot for Taalfic % on & ent iin mixbehouiing Plow dstutes. » ws in _panaltty bow , no Wied i a tmnty ei & Provides a isineurhive — aqounat wing wussporvive to onan.