Class-12 Biology Ch-1 TO 11 all L.E.T.

and revision test questions

Sub- Biology Ch-1-Sexual Reproduction in flowering plant
Class-12 marks-20
1 Marks Questions
1. In a young anther, a group of compactly arranged
homogenous cells were observed in the centre of each
microsporangium. What is the name given to these cells?
2. In same species of Asteraceae and grasses, seed are formed
without fusion of gametes. Mention the scientific term for such
form of reproduction.
3. Arrange the following in correct developmental sequence :
Male gamete, Potential pollen mother cell, sporogenous tissue,
Pollen grains, Microspore tetrad.
4. What is funiculus?
5. Define parthenocarpy.
6. Name the type of cross pollination in Vallisneria &
Bougainvillea.
2 Mark Questions
7. Outer envelop of pollen grain made of a highly resistant
substance. What is that substance? At which particular point
the substance is not present?
8. Why pollen grains can remain well preserved as fossils?
3 Mark Questions
9. Differentiate between geitonogamy and xenogamy.
10. In the given figure of a dicot embryo, label the parts (A) and (B) and give
their function.

4 Mark Questions
11. Describe the structure of a microsporangium with a neatly
labeled diagram.

Sub- Biology Ch-1- Sexual Reproduction in flowering plant

Class-12 marks-20

1. In the given figure of a dicot embryo, label the parts (A) and (B) and give
their function. 2

2. What is apomixis? What is its importance? 2

3. State any one advantage and disadvantage of pollen grains
to humans. 2
4. What relationship exists between a species of moth and Yucca
plant? 3
5. Why is process of fertilization in flowering plants referred to as
double fertilization? 3
6. Describe the structure of a microsporangium with a neatly
labelled diagram. 3
7. Draw a diagram of L.S. of an anatropous ovule of an
Angiosperm & label the following parts: - 5
(i) Nucellus (ii) Integument
(iii) Antipodal cells (iv) Secondary Nucleus.
Sub- Biology Ch-1- Sexual Reproduction in flowering plant
Class-12 marks-20
1.Why pollen grains can remain well preserved as fossils? 2
2. Draw a diagram of L.S. of an anatropous ovule of an Angiosperm & label
the following parts :- 2 (i) Nucellus
(ii) Integument
(iii) Antipodal cells
(iv) Secondary Nucleus.
3. Outer envelope of pollen grain made of a highly resistant substance. What is
that substance? At which particular point the substance is not present?
2
4. Differentiate between geitonogamy and
xenogamy. 3
5. “Incompatibility is the natural barrier in fusion
of gamete”. Justify this statement. 3
6.Describe the structure of a pollen grain. 3
7. Explain the development of embryo in a dicotyledonous plant with neatly
labeled diagrams. 5
CLASS-12 CH-2 Human Reproduction MARKS-20
1. Draw a labelled diagram of male reproductive system. 2
2. What are the major functions of male accessory ducts and glands?
2
3. What is parturition? Which hormones are involved in induction of
parturition? 2
4. In our society the women are often blamed for giving birth to daughters.
Can you explain why this is not correct?3
5. What is menstrual cycle? Which hormones regulate menstrual cycle?
3
6. What is oogenesis? Give a brief account of oogenesis.3
7. Name the functions of the following: 5
(a) Corpus luteum
(b) Endometrium
(c) Acrosome
(d) Sperm tail
(e) Fimbriae
Class- 12 CH-3 Reproductive health marks-20

1.Mention any two events that are inhibited by the intake of oral contraceptive
pills to prevent pregnancy in humans. 2
2.Name any two copper-releasing Intra Uterine Devices (IUDs). List two
reasons that make them effective contraceptives. 2
3. Why is hormone releasing IUD considered a good contracept-
ive to space children? 2
4. A woman has certain queries as listed below, before starting
 with contraceptive pills. Answer them. 3
(i)What do contraceptive pills contain and how do they act as
contraceptives?
(ii)What schedule should be followed for taking these pills?
5. Test-tube baby programme is a boon to such couples. Explain
the steps followed in the procedures. 3
6. A couple where both husband and wife are producing
functional gametes, but the wife is still unable to conceive, is
seeking medical aid. Describe any one method that you can
suggest to this couple to become happy parents. 3
7.Describe the lactational amenorrhoea method of birth
control. 5
Class-12 Ch-4 principal of inheritance and variation marks-20
1.Mention the advantages of selecting pea plant for experiment
by Mendel. 2
2. Differentiate between the following – 2
(a) Dominance and Recessive
(b) Monohybrid and Dihybrid.
3. Explain the Law of Dominance using a monohybrid cross. 2
4. Explain the following terms. 3
(a) Downs syndrome
(b) turner syndrome
5. What is pedigree analysis? Suggest how such an analysis, can
be useful. 3
6. Explain sex determination in female hetrogamety. 3

7. Mention any two autosomal genetic disorders with their

symptoms. 5

Class-12 Ch-5 Molecular Basis of Inheritance Mark-20

1. List the function of RNA. 2
2. What is the difference between DNA and DNAase? 2
3. List the number of base pairs in: 2
(i) lambda bacteriophage
(ii) E. coli
(iii) haploid content of human DNA.
4. How do histones acquire positive charge? 3
5. Which property of DNA double helix led Watson and Crick to
hypothesize a semi- conservative model of DNA replication?
Explain. 3
6. Discuss the significance of the heavy isotope of nitrogen in
Meselson and Stahl’s experiment. 3
7. You are repeating the Hershey-Chase experiment and are provided
with two isotopes 32p and 15N (in place of 35S in the original
experiment). How do you expect your results to be different? 5
OR
Describe Griffith’s experiment to demonstrate that DNA is the
basic genetic material. What explanation for Griffith’s
observation was given by Avery, McCarty, and MacCleod?
Class-12 Ch-6 Evolution marks-20

1.What is convergent evolution? 2

2.What are analogous and homologous organs? Give
examples. 2
3. Write two differences between Homo erectus and Homo
habilis. 2
4. Name the following: 3
(i) Who conceived the idea of the chemosynthetic hypothesis of the origin of
life on earth?
(ii) Who proved that spontaneous generation does not occur?
(iii) Who experimentally proved that life develops from pre-
existing life only?
Or .How would the gene flow or genetic drift affect the
population in which either of them happens to take place?
5. Why is Archaeopteryx called a connecting link between
reptiles and birds? 3
6.What is adaptive radiation? 3
7.List the main points of Lamarck’s theory and the main points of
Darwin’s Theory of Evolution. 5

Class-12 Ch-7 Human health and diseases marks-20

1.How do cytokine barriers provide immunity in humans? 2

2. Name the two special types of lymphocytes in humans. How do they differ
in their roles in immune response? 2
3.Why is secondary immune response more intense than the primary immune
response in humans? 2
4.Mention one application for each of the following 3
(i) Passive immunisation
(ii) Antihistamine
(iii) Colostrum
(iv) Cytokinin-barrier (All India 2017)
OR
How is an allergic reaction caused by an allergen? Name the drug that can
reduce the symptoms of allergy?
5.Name the two types of immunity in a human body. Why are cell-mediated
and humoral immunities so called? 3
6.Identify A, D, E and F in the diagram of an antibody molecule given below.
3

7.Name the causative organism of the disease amoebiasis. List three

symptoms of the disease.
Class-12 Ch-8 Microbes in Human welfare marks-20
1.Why are biofertilizers or biopesticides preferred to
chemical fertilizers or pesticides? 2
2.How does the addition of a small amount of curd to fresh
milk help the formation of curd? Mention a nutritional
quality that gets added to the curd. 2
3.Name the bioactive molecules produced by Trichoderma
Polysporum and Monascus Purpureus. 2
4.Write any two places where methanogens can be found. 3 5.What are
Baculo viruses? Write their significance. 3
6. What is biogas? What are its components? What is the
calorific value of biogas? 3
7.Given below is a list of six microorganisms. State their
usefulness to humans. 5
(i) Nucleopolyhedrovirus
(ii) Saccharomyces cerevisiae
(iii) Monascus Purpureus
(iv) Trichoderma polypore
(v) Penicillium Notatum
(vi) Propionibacterium shamanic.
OR
Discuss the role of Microbes as Biofertilizers.
Class-12 Ch-9 Biotechnology Marks-20

1.Write the specific point in the palindrome and the bond that is
cut by Eco Rl. 2
2.Name the material used as matrix in gel electrophoresis and
mention its role. 2
3. Write any four ways used to introduce a desired DNA segment
into a bacterial cell in recombinant technology experiments. 2
4.State what happens when an alien gene is ligated at Pvu I site
of pBR322 plasmid. 3
5.Why is ‘plasmid’ an important tool in biotechnology
experiments? 3
6.How is the action of exonuclease different from that of
endonuclease? 3
7. Expand ‘BAC’ and ‘YAC’. What are they and what is the
purpose for which they are used? 5
Or. Name the type of bioreactor shown. Write the purpose for
which it is used.

CLASS-12 Ch-10 Biotechnology and its application

Marks -20

1.Write the two specific ‘cry’ genes that encode the proteins which control
cotton boll worms. 2
2.Why do children cured by enzyme replacement therapy for adenosine
deaminase deficiency need periodic treatment? 2
3.How does dsRNA gain entry into eukaryotic cell to cause RNA
interference? 2
4.Why does Bt toxin not kill the bacterium that produces it, but kills the insect
that ingests it? 3
5 .Explain how Eli Lilly, an American company, produced insulin by
recombinant DNA technology. 3
6. Explain enzyme replacement therapy to treat adenosine deaminase
deficiency. Mention two disadvantages of this procedure. 3
7. What is biopiracy? 5
Or.Write a note on transgenic animals. How it is importance of
biotechnology.

CLASS-12 Ch-11 Organism and population Marks -20

1.What is an interaction called when an orchid grows on a
mango plant? (2)
2.Name the type of interaction that exists between barnacles
and whale. (2)
3.State the type of interaction that exists between ticks and
dogs. (2)
4.State Gause’s competitive exclusion principle. (2)
5.Name the interspecific interactions in which one is detrimental
while other is neutral. (2)
6.In a pond, there were 20 Hydrilla plants. Through reproduction,
10 new Hydrilla plants were added in a year. Calculate the
birth rate of the population. (2)
7.Why do predators avoid eating monarch butterfly? How does
the butterfly develop this protective feature? (2)
8.If 8 individuals in a laboratory population of 80 fruitflies died in a
week,then what would be the death rate for population for
the said period? (2)
9.Name and explain the type of interaction that exists in
mycorrhiza and between cattle egret and grazing cattle. (2)
10.(i) Study the flow chart given below and complete the
 equation that follows by identifying 1, 2, 3 and 4. (2)

Nt + 1 = Nt + [( 1 + 2) – (3 + 4)]
(ii) Mention the different ways by which the population density of
different species can be measured.
Class-12 Sub-Biology Revision test- Ch-1 to 5 Marks -30
1. Explain the sex mechanism in Bird. How is it different in
Humans? 2
2. What is sporogenous tissue? 2
3.Name one autosomal dominant and one autosomal recessive
Mendelian disorder in humans. 2
Or. draw a diagram t.s. of ovary and labeled them.
4. How does the pollen mother cell develop into a mature pollen
grain? Illustrate the stages with labelled diagram. 2
5.Why is the possibility of a human female suffering from
hemophilia rare? Explain. 3
6.A considerable amount of lactose is added to the growth
medium of E. coli. How is the lac operon switched on in the
bacteria? Mention the state of the operon when lactose is
digested. 3
7. Write the physiological region, why a woman generally can
not conceive a child after 50 years of age? 3
Or . Draw a diagrammatic sketch of a portion of DNA segment
to support your answer.
 8. Write the location and function of Sertoli cells in humans. 3
9.How did Hershey and Chase establish the DNA is transferred
from virus to bacteria? 5
Or. Describe Meselson and Stahl’s experiment that was carried in
1958 on E. coli. Write the conclusion they arrived at after the
experiment.
10. Intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection’ and ‘Gamete Intra
Fallopian Transfer (GIFT)’ are two assisted reproductive
technologies. How is one different from the other? 5
Or. Explain the significance of satellite DNA and DNA
fingerprinting technique.
Class-12 Sub-Biology Revision test ch-6 to 11 Marks-30
1.What is meant by the term “GANGA ACTION PLAN” Describe. 2
2.Why is Archaeopteryx called a connecting link between
reptiles and birds? 2
3.In a pond, there were 40 Hydrilla plants. Through reproduction,
20 new Hydrilla plants were added in a year. Calculate the
birth rate of the population. 2
4.Name the causative organism of the disease amoebiasis. List
three symptoms of the disease. 2
5. Given below is a list of six microorganisms. State their usefulness
to humans. 3
(i) Nucleopolyhedrovirus
(ii) Saccharomyces cerevisiae
(iii) Monascus Purpureus
(iv) Trichoderma polypore
(v) Penicillium Notatum
(vi) Propionibacterium shamanic.
6. Give the main points of Darwin’s Theory of Evolution. 3
7.Explain adaptive radiation with the help of a suitable
example. 3
8.Study the diagram given below and answer the following
 questions. 3

(i) Why have DNA fragments in band D moved farther away in

comparison to those in band C?
(ii) Identify the anode end in the diagram.
9.Explain convergent evolution, and divergent evolution with the
help of two examples. 5
10. Why is proinsulin so called? How is proinsulin different from
Functional insulin in humans? 5
or.In your view what motivates youngsters to take to alcohol or
drug and how can this be avoided?