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SQL Syntax
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SQL Statements
Most of the actions you need to perform on a database are done with SQL statements.
SQL statements consists of keywords that are easy to understand.
The following SQL statement returns all records from a table named "Customers":
Example Get your own SQL Server
Select all records from the Customers table:
SELECT * FROM Customers;
Try it Yourself »
In this tutorial we will teach you all about the different SQL statements.
Database Tables
A database most often contains one or more tables. Each table is identified by a name (e.g.
"Customers" or "Orders"), and contain records (rows) with data.
In this tutorial we will use the well-known Northwind sample database (included in MS Access and
Tutorials
MS SQL Server). Exercises Services Sign Up Log in
HTML
Below isCSS JAVASCRIPT
a selection SQL table
from the Customers PYTHON
used in theJAVA PHP
examples: HOW TO W3.CSS C
CustomerID CustomerName ContactName Address City PostalCode Country
1 Alfreds Maria Anders Obere Str. 57 Berlin 12209 Germany
Futterkiste
2 Ana Trujillo Ana Trujillo Avda. de la México 05021 Mexico
Emparedados y Constitución D.F.
helados 2222
3 Antonio Antonio Mataderos México 05023 Mexico
Moreno Moreno 2312 D.F.
Taquería
4 Around the Thomas 120 Hanover London WA1 1DP UK
Horn Hardy Sq.
5 Berglunds Christina Berguvsvägen Luleå S-958 22 Sweden
snabbköp Berglund 8
The table above contains five records (one for each customer) and seven columns (CustomerID,
CustomerName, ContactName, Address, City, PostalCode, and Country).
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Keep in Mind That...
SQL keywords are NOT case sensitive: select is the same as SELECT
In this tutorial we will write all SQL keywords in upper-case.
Semicolon after SQL Statements?
Some database systems require a semicolon at the end of each SQL statement.
Semicolon is the standard way to separate each SQL statement in database systems that allow more
than one Tutorials
SQL statement Exercises
to be executed Services
call to the server.
in the same Sign Up Log in
HTML CSS weJAVASCRIPT
In this tutorial, SQL
will use semicolon at the PYTHON JAVA
end of each SQL PHP
statement. HOW TO W3.CSS C
Some of The Most Important SQL Commands
SELECT - extracts data from a database
UPDATE - updates data in a database
DELETE - deletes data from a database
INSERT INTO - inserts new data into a database
CREATE DATABASE - creates a new database
ALTER DATABASE - modifies a database
CREATE TABLE - creates a new table
ALTER TABLE - modifies a table
DROP TABLE - deletes a table
CREATE INDEX - creates an index (search key)
DROP INDEX - deletes an index
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