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    ML 2

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    Utkarsh Bhalode

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    ML 2

    Uploaded by

    Utkarsh Bhalode
    19 views28 pages

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    19 views28 pages

    ML 2

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    Utkarsh Bhalode

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 28

    Supervised learning

    Lecture – 2 (GNR 652)


    Biplab Banerjee
    Supervised learning
    Supervised learning
    Example - classification
    Example - regression
    Let’s look into features

     Categorical
     Ordinal
     Real-valued
     Integer-valued
    Some examples
    MNIST
    Vector space at a glance
    u,v – vectors, c,d - scalars
    Subspace
    Ideas of
     Linear independence
     Span
     Basis

    We are interested about the Euclidean space


    Metric space
    Normed space

    Any normed space is also a metric space!


    Inner product space
    Supervised learning
    In a nutshell
    Idea of concept
    Subset of examples from the training data which uniquely
    represent a given concept/class.
    Hypothesis
     The function mapping which
     Maps (hopefully) correctly the inputs to the outputs
    of the training set
     Generalizes well to previously unseen examples
     Approximates the true target function
    Representation of the hypothesis
    language
     Decision tree
     Linear regressor
     Multi-level perceptron
     Margin based techniques
     ...
    Many hypothesis - Hypothesis
    space
    The task of concept learning
    Idea of version space
    What is a classifier then?
    Inductive learning
    Occum razor

    Idea of inductive bias


    Hoeffding inequality

    Relation between the error/ risk in the training and test samples.
    Both the errrors converge with increasing ‘m’

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