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    Gluteal Region PDF

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    tom abell
    The document provides an overview of the lower limb regions and muscles of the gluteal region. It divides the lower limb into 7 regions: 1) gluteal region, 2) inguinal region, 3) thigh, 4) popliteal fossa, 5) leg, 6) foot dorsum, and 7) foot sole. It then describes the gluteal region and provides details on the origins, insertions, nerve supply and actions of the gluteus maximus, medius, and minimus muscles. It also briefly discusses the piriformis, gemelli, obturator internus, quadratus femoris, and obturator externus muscles.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Gluteal Region PDF

    Uploaded by

    tom abell
    11 views17 pages
    The document provides an overview of the lower limb regions and muscles of the gluteal region. It divides the lower limb into 7 regions: 1) gluteal region, 2) inguinal region, 3) thigh, 4) popliteal fossa, 5) leg, 6) foot dorsum, and 7) foot sole. It then describes the gluteal region and provides details on the origins, insertions, nerve supply and actions of the gluteus maximus, medius, and minimus muscles. It also briefly discusses the piriformis, gemelli, obturator internus, quadratus femoris, and obturator externus muscles.

    Original Description:

    Anatomy of gluteal region

    Original Title

    gluteal%20region.pdf

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    The document provides an overview of the lower limb regions and muscles of the gluteal region. It divides the lower limb into 7 regions: 1) gluteal region, 2) inguinal region, 3) thigh, 4) popliteal fossa, 5) leg, 6) foot dorsum, and 7) foot sole. It then describes the gluteal region and provides details on the origins, insertions, nerve supply and actions of the gluteus maximus, medius, and minimus muscles. It also briefly discusses the piriformis, gemelli, obturator internus, quadratus femoris, and obturator externus muscles.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    11 views17 pages

    Gluteal Region PDF

    Uploaded by

    tom abell
    The document provides an overview of the lower limb regions and muscles of the gluteal region. It divides the lower limb into 7 regions: 1) gluteal region, 2) inguinal region, 3) thigh, 4) popliteal fossa, 5) leg, 6) foot dorsum, and 7) foot sole. It then describes the gluteal region and provides details on the origins, insertions, nerve supply and actions of the gluteus maximus, medius, and minimus muscles. It also briefly discusses the piriformis, gemelli, obturator internus, quadratus femoris, and obturator externus muscles.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 17

    Introduction to lower limb

    +
    gluteal region.
    LOWER LIMB B

    C
    A

    C
    For purpose of description, the lower limb is divided into the following regions

    > Gluteal Region (A)

    > Inguinal Region (B) D


    > Thigh (Anterior/ Medial & Posterior compartment) (C)

    > Popliteal Fossa (D) E


    E
    > Leg (Anterior/ Lateral & Posterior compartment) (E)

    > Foot Dorsum (F) & Sole (G)

    G
    F
    DEEP FASCIA OF THE THIGH
    The deep fascia of the thigh is very strong and envelops the
    thigh like a sleeve. It is called fascia lata because it encloses a
    wide area of the thigh (Latin Latus: broad). Its attachments
    are as follows:
    1. Superiorly, on the front of the thigh, it is attached to the
    anterior superior iliac spine, inguinal ligament, and
    pubic tubercle. Laterally it is attached to the iliac crest;
    posteriorly (through the gluteal fascia) to the sacrum,
    coccyx, and sacrotuberous ligament; and medially it is
    attached to the pubis, pubic arch, and ischial tuberosity.
    2. Inferiorly on the front and sides of the knee, it is attached
    to subcutaneous bony prominences and the capsule of
    the knee joint.
    Iliotibial tract
    i
    Along the lateral margin of the thigh, the
    fascia lata is thickened and forms a strong
    band passing from the anterior part of the
    iliac crest to the upper end of the tibia (front
    of lateral condyle).
    This band is called the iliotibial tract.
    The iliotibial tract receives the insertion of
    many fibres of the gluteus maximus & tensor
    fascia latae
    The iliotibial tract helps to transmit the pull of
    these muscles to the tibia and helps to
    stabilize the knee.
    Gluteal Region

    The Gluteal Region lies on the posterolateral


    aspect of the pelvis, extending to the iliac
    crest above & transverse gluteal fold below

    Presented by Dr. Masood Uz Zaman


    Actions:
    Acting from its origin the gluteus maximus produces
    extension of the thigh (as in standing up from a sitting
    position, climbing, or jumping). It also causes lateral
    rotation of the thigh.
    Acting from its insertion (when the femur and tibia are
    fixed as in standing) the muscle can:
    (a) straighten the trunk, after stooping, by rotating the
    pelvis backwards on the head of the femur;
    (b) maintain the upright position of the trunk by
    preventing
    the pelvis from rotating forwards on the head of the
    femur
    under the influence of gravity.
    Through the ilio-tibial tract it steadies the femur on the
    tibia in standing.
    Through a combination of all the actions described
    above it helps to maintain the upright position.
    Nerve supply:
    Inferior gluteal nerve (L5, S1, S2)
    Actions of Gluteus Medius and Minimus:
    Both the gluteus medius and minimus are abductors of the
    thigh.
    The minimus and the anterior fibres of the medius can act as
    flexors and medial rotators, whereas the posterior fibres of
    the medius can act as extensors and lateral rotators of the
    thigh.
    With the femur fixed (as in standing) the medius and minimus
    pull the corresponding side of the pelvis downwards by
    rotating it over the head of the femur. As a result the opposite
    side of the pelvis is raised. In this way the muscles of one
    side prevent the opposite side of the pelvis from sinking
    downwards when the limb of that side is off the ground. In
    fact the pelvis on the unsupported side is somewhat higher
    than on the supported side. In paralysis of the medius and
    minimus the unsupported side becomes lower than the
    supported side.
    This is referred to as the Trendelenberg sign.
    Nerve supply;
    Superior gluteal nerve (L5, S1)
    Actions of Gluteus Medius
    and Minimus:
    Both the gluteus medius and
    minimus are abductors of the thigh.
    The minimus and the anterior fibres
    of the medius can act as
    flexors and medial rotators, whereas
    the posterior fibres of the
    medius can act as extensors and
    lateral rotators of the thigh

    Nerve supply;
    Superior gluteal nerve (L5, S1)
    Action:
    The piriformis is a lateral rotator of the femur.

    Nerve supply:
    Direct branches from
    nerves (L5, S1, S2)
    Action;
    Lateral rotator of femur

    Nerve Supply
    Superior Gemellus : Nerve to obturator internus (L5, S1)
    Inferior gemellus: Nerve to quadratus
    femoris

    Origin of inferior
    gemellus: Uppermost
    part of ischial tuberosity
    Origin:
    This muscle arises from:
    (1) Inner (pelvic) surface of the hip bone.
    The areas of the
    hip bone include the body, the superior
    ramus, and the
    inferior ramus of the pubis; ramus and body
    of the ischium;
    and part of the pelvic surface of the ilium .
    (2) The pelvic surface of the obturator
    membrane.
    The fibres of the muscle converge towards
    a tendon that leaves the pelvis through the
    lesser sciatic foramen to enter the gluteal
    region. The tendon turns through 90
    degrees and runs laterally behind the hip
    joint to reach its insertion.
    (Scheme to show the arrangement of the Insertion:
    obturator internus. The upper part of the pelvis has The tendon is inserted into the anterior part
    been removed by cutting transversely across the of the medial
    ischium and pubis. The femur is seen from above) surface of the greater trochanter of the
    femur. The insertion is
    above and in front of the trochanteric fossa
    Actions:
    The muscle is a lateral rotator of the femur
    Nerve supply: Nerve to obturator internus (L5, S1)
    Nerve supply:
    The nerve to the quadratus femoris is a
    branch from the sacral
    plexus (L4, L5, S1)
    Action:
    The quadratus femoris is a lateral
    rotator of the femur
    Nerve supply:
    The muscle is supplied by a branch
    from the obturator nerve
    (L3, L4).
    Actions:
    It is a lateral rotator of the femur
    Thank You

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