Protocols for Volcanic Eruption - Taal Volcano

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT i
MESSAGES ii
ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS vii
INTRODUCTION vii

CHECKLIST OF EARLY PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS 1

Pillar 1: Structure 3
Pillar 2: Management Systems 9
Pillar 3: Enabling Policies 14
Pillar 4: Leadership 15
Pillar 5: Competency 18
Pillar 6: Knowledge and Learning 20

CHECKLIST OF CRITICAL PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS 21

Volcanic Hazards from Taal 22
Process of Information Dissemination 25
Taal Volcano Alert Scheme 27
Description of Critical Preparedness Actions 28
De-escalation Actions 30

CHECKLIST OF EARLY RECOVERY AND REHABILITATION ACTIONS 34

Activation of Institutional Structures for Early Rehabilitation and Recovery 36
Conduct of Damage/Losses/Impact Assessment Activities 38
Formulation of Local Recovery and Rehabilitation Program/Plan 39
Strengthening of Monitoring Mechanisms at the Local Level 46
Development of Communication Strategies to address Early Recovery and 52
Rehabilitation Issues and Concerns
ANNEXES 56
REFERENCES 73
 The Operation L!STO for Disaster Preparedness Manual for Taal Volcano Eruption was
formulated through a series of online consultation meetings to ensure that the issues and
concerns of regional stakeholders were considered in the formulation of preparedness
actions for Taal Volcano eruption. This manual serves as a guide for all regional stakeholders,
specifically the Local Government Units to actively prepare for the future volcanic activities
of Taal Volcano. Embodied in the manual are set of preparedness actions that will guide them
in coming up with sound and viable decisions that will lead to the long-term resiliency of the
region.

Our sincerest gratitude goes to all those who contributed in the formulation of this
manual. With profound appreciation, we would like to acknowledge the active involvement of
the officials and technical staffs of regional line agencies of the CALABARZON and Local
Government Units of the Provinces of Batangas and Cavite during the virtual consultations.

Sincere recognition is also extended to the Philippine Institute of Volcanology and

Seismology (PHIVOLCS) for their vigilance in ensuring that the technical information and
relevant data on Taal Volcano were considered in the manual.

With profound appreciation, we acknowledge the Department of the Interior and Local
Government IV-A for setting the strategic direction in the over-all manual formulation
process and for steering the collective efforts of regional and local stakeholders.

And finally, Batangas State University, the Local Resource Institution, for its commitment
to support the disaster resiliency initiatives in the region and for its technical know-how in
shaping the Operation L!STO Manual.

For everyone who in any way contributed to the development and enrichment of the
manual, we are truly grateful.

i i
 Welcome to the Operation L!STO for Taal Volcano.
After 42 years, she erupted again.
We were all taken by surprise when the Taal Volcano erupted on January 12, 2020. Though I
was miles away from Batangas that time, I felt deeply for the Batangueños, Caviteños, and even
Lagunenses who were greatly affected by the eruption of the Taal Volcano. Ashes from the
ARIEL O. IGLESIA eruption blanketed towns and cities – even reaching some parts of Metro Manila.
In a span of hours, PHIVOLCS observed an increase in activities of the volcano, raising the
Regional Director Alert Level from 2 to 4. This prompted local government units to immediately evacuate families
and residents within the 14-km danger zone of the Volcano. It has affected at least 151,386
families in the provinces of Batangas and Cavite, as reported by the National Disaster Risk
Reduction and Management Council (NDRRMC).
The environmental and structural damages caused by the eruption took a toll on the
economy of the Region. Due to the closure of business establishments within its danger zone, an
amount of Php 4.31 billion of income was forgone in CALABARZON according to the National
Economic Development Authority’s preliminary assessment days after the eruption. Other
sectors such as agriculture, fishers, services, and industry have been widely impacted as well.
Notwithstanding these statistics, we at the Department of the Interior and Local
Government Region IV-A, being the Vice-Chair for the Regional Disaster Preparedness, would
like to take part in protecting the lives of the community – the people.
Thus, we at the DILG, in partnership with the Local Government Academy, and through the
extraordinary efforts of the members of the Regional Technical Working Group – Regional Line
Agencies, Batangas State University, Provincial Disaster Risk Reduction and Management
Officers of Batangas and Cavite, Local Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Officers of the
cities and municipalities of Batangas and Tagaytay City, would like to present to you the
Operation L!STO Disaster Preparedness Manual for Taal Volcano Eruption.
With this manual born out of the expertise and knowledge of our partners, we would like to
assure the public that our local officials have adequate and appropriate plans on responding to
another possible Taal Volcano eruption in the future, which we pray earnestly not to happen
again.
I take pride in this manual that serves as an emblem of hope to our communities and
continues to prove that it is only with joined hands can we be able to create apt solutions to the
needs of our people.

ii
 The Philippines is constantly threatened by the occurrence of natural
disasters. These inevitable events have pushed Filipinos to adapt to the
toughest situations. With this, it has become imperative for us to prepare for
the worst.
Throughout the years, typhoons have proven to be our most frequent and
destructive hazard – damaging billions worth of properties every year. But THELMA T. VECINA
aside from typhoons, our country is also prone to the threat of volcanic
eruptions. The occurrence of major volcanic eruptions are equally damaging Executive Director
as typhoons and is also as difficult to recover from.
Local Government Academy
The archipelagic location of our country is situated in a zone where many of
the world’s volcanic eruptions and earthquakes occur. This has made us
ultimately susceptible to the aforementioned natural hazards. In turn, the
constant threat of the eruption of active volcanoes in the country becomes a
major concern for national and local governments. Which is why the assessment
and management of corresponding risks and its guide to action suit as a crucial
requirement.
With this, the Local Government Academy has pursued the development of
a Regional Disaster Preparedness Manual for Volcanic Eruption taking into
consideration the regional experiences and lessons learned from regions with
active volcanoes like Region 3 (Pinatubo), Region 4A (Taal), Region 5 (Bulusan
& Mayon) and Region 6 (Kanlaon). We let these regions share their respective
long and rich record of historical data on volcanic activities to enhance the
current understanding of volcanic eruptions and their impacts along with
their proven set of policies and practices that can inform the planning of the
needed response to future events. Making use of these unshared and yet
useful data as inputs in the proposed National Disaster Preparedness Manual
for Volcanic Eruption will enrich and add to our LGUs’ capacity to anticipate,
prepare for and mitigate the consequences of future eruptions.

iii
 The eruption of the Taal Volcano in 2020 was a moment of reckoning for the
affected local government units. It was a time to take stock on what has so far been
done and what are still needed to ensure total preparedness for natural calamities.
This event has made us realize even more how critical it is not only for the
government but for everyone in the community to be ready for disruptive events
such as this recent eruption.
JUANITO VICTOR “JONVIC” C.
We in the Provincial Government have responded to the aftermath of Taal
REMULLA JR. Volcano’s eruption through the provision of the needed relief and emergency
supplies to those severely affected and through the immediate activation of the
Governor Provincial Incident Management Team to ensure efficient and systematic
Province of Cavite communication and response. We have also ensured continuous monitoring of the
volcano’s activities to inform our actions and enable proper preparations. The
procurement and distribution of seismographs to all cities and municipalities in the
Province have likewise helped in our monitoring and preparedness efforts.
With “Operation L!STO Disaster Preparedness Manual for Taal Volcano
Eruption,” the Department of the Interior and Local Government (DILG) IV-A
CALABARZON will make vital information and guidance readily accessible for the
people who need them the most—key officials, communities, and other
stakeholders who are vulnerable to Taal Volcano’s eruption. It will provide us
additional tools to develop effective measures in mitigating the adverse effects of
an eruption and in meeting the various challenges that it poses.
We thank the DILG for its crucial assistance during the crisis of Taal Volcano’s
eruption and for its continued support as we work towards recovery and
preparedness. We would also like to congratulate everyone involved in this project
on its successful completion. We are confident that this material will help save the
lives and livelihoods of many Filipinos.
Mabuhay!

iv
 My warmest greetings to the Regional Technical Working Group, composed of
regional line agencies and the provincial, city and municipal disaster risk reduction
and management offices of Region IV-A CALABARZON, on the completion of the
project Operation L!STO Disaster Preparedness Manual for Taal Volcano Eruption.
The past year, 2020, brought us a series of unfortunate episodes that, in turn,
presented numerous challenges. After more than five decades, our beloved Taal
Volcano erupted and devastated its neighboring localities here in Batangas and
Cavite. The pandemic, due to the COVID-19 virus, happened, and continue to beset HERMILANDO “DODO” I.
us with adversities, to this day. Before the year ended, a succession of typhoons MANDANAS
even swept over us.
But we will not be defeated by these trials and difficulties. We have prepared for
Governor
such ordeals. And though we fall short when the actual incidents occur, we will Province of Batangas
always stand back up, learn from our inadequacies, and endeavor to be better in
the future.
As we try to prepare and organize ourselves better, we are also in the process of
rejuvenating the areas affected by the disasters that struck our province. With the
help of stakeholders and partners around the country and abroad, those directly
affected by Taal Volcano’s eruption have begun regaining their footing, as we in
government work and carry on towards the restoration of people’s lives and
properties touched by the calamity.
May this manual be a reliable and firm guide as we persistently strengthen our
vigilance, accountability, and preparedness, as well as inspire our bureaucracy and
constituency to participate proactively and meaningfully in our disaster response
and rehabilitation efforts.
Mabuhay ang Department of the Interior and Local Government – Region IV-A
CALABARZON! Mabuhay ang Regional Technical Working Group ng Operation
LISTO! Mabuhay ang Lalawigan ng Batangas!

v
 The Taal Volcano eruption on January 12, 2020 has challenged not only the
Batangueños but also nearby provinces in the CALABARZON, affecting more than
100,000 families. This event is a wake-up call for us to strengthen our disaster
preparedness and management programs and capacitate and educate communities
before another disaster comes.
TIRSO A. RONQUILLO
Batangas State University, as the only state university in the province of Batangas
President that offers disaster risk management programs, has played an active role in providing
Batangas State University support and assistance to the local and national governments in relief and response
operations, information dissemination, and other humanitarian services. This is made
possible through the Adaptive Capacity-building and Technology and Innovation for
Occupational hazards and Natural disaster (ACTION) Center which is the University’s
arm in making people and communities safer, more prepared and resilient in times of
disasters through professional education, skills training and innovative researches.

The Operation L!STO: Disaster Preparedness Manual for Taal Volcano Eruption is an
evidence of the University’s commitment towards a resilient Batangas Province. This
shall be a guide for disaster risk managers and disaster response practitioners on the
actions to be taken in the event of another Taal Volcano eruption.

I would like to express my warmest congratulations and commendation to the team

behind this manual. This would not be possible if not for your tireless work and
commitment to be instruments of change in disaster preparedness and response.

Again, let us work together for a safe and disaster prepared community.

vi
BDRRRMC Barangay Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Committee
CCCM Camp Coordination and Camp Management
C/MDRRMC City/Municipal Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council
CPA Critical Preparedness Actions
DILG Department of the Interior and Local Government
DRRM Disaster Risk Reduction and Management
EC Evacuation Center
EO Executive Order
EOC Emergency Operations Center
ETC Emergency Telecommunication
EWS Early Warning System
ICS Incident Command System
IEC Information, Education, Communication
IMT Incident Management Team
JMC Joint Memorandum Circular
LCE Local Chief Executive
LGU Local Government Unit
LDRRMO Local Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Office
MDM Management of the Dead and Missing
MHPSS Mental Health and Psychosocial Support Services
NDRP National Disaster Response Plan
OCD Office of Civil Defense
PDNA Post Disaster Needs Assessment
PDZ Permanent Danger Zone

vii vi
 The Operation L!STO is one of the flagship programs of the Department of the Interior and Local Government
(DILG), initiated by the Local Government Academy (LGA), in alleviating the loss of lives and assets of Filipinos during
disasters. This national advocacy program on disaster preparedness guides the Local Government Units (LGUs) and
DILG personnel on actions they need to undertake before, during, and after a disaster. The program has been an
essential mechanism for interoperability among interior and local government as well as with various sectors. Through
the years, the said manual has been improved to better guide the Local Chief Executives and Sanggunian Members on
how to prepare for disasters. The manual however is primarily predilected on disasters brought about by weather
disturbances such as typhoons and monsoon rains.

The recent eruption of Taal Volcano in Batangas caught both the local and national government off-guard despite
the presence of contingency plans in the case of the Province of Batangas and other affected LGUs. Preparedness and
response measures for typhoons can be seen to wrap up in a few days, but in volcanic eruptions, it can be long and
grueling. The hazards and risks in a volcanic eruption is also very much different from that of a typhoon. While there
are good practices of some LGUs on measures for disaster preparedness, mitigation and response for volcanic
eruption, the approach for Taal Volcano will be unique considering its terrain, topography, and even the culture of the
people living near the area.

In line with this, the Operation L!STO Manual for Taal Volcanic Eruption is developed based on the invaluable
lessons learned from the experience of both local and national stakeholders.

viii
The Operation L!STO Disaster Preparedness Manual for Taal Volcanic Eruption
has three parts:

1. The Checklist of Early Preparedness Actions contains the minimum capacity

requirements that are expected of LGUs to better execute their response
operations. These proactive and early preparedness protocols and actions are
grouped into the following capacity pillars – structure, competency,
management systems, enabling policies, knowledge and learning, and
leadership.

2. The Checklist of Critical Preparedness Actions contains the critical actions

LGUs should undertake based on the volcanic alert levels 0 to 5 as
determined by PHIVOLCS.

3. The Checklist of Early Recovery and Rehabilitation contains a checklist of

minimum tasks/actions of LGUs on early recovery and rehabilitation. These
general actions are deemed important in order to better manage the early
recovery and rehabilitation phase.

viii
 Checklist of
EARLY
PREPAREDNESS
ACTIONS

Checklist of

EARLY
PREPAREDNESS
ACTIONS
1
Protocols for Volcanic Eruption - Taal Volcano
 STRUCTURE
The purpose of this checklist is to outline the proactive
This pillar recognizes the need for robust, effective, and efficient
steps and measure LGUs need to undertake when there is no coordination systems among responders while retaining flexibility to
threat of disasters or during “peace time”. This section adjust operations based on emerging conditions. This also concerns
provides the different capacity requirements that are how the critical information on volcanic eruption are dispersed across a
myriad of actors to inform strategic and collective action.
expected of LGUs to better execute their response
operations grouped into the following capacity pillars: MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
This pillar describes elements necessary to bring stability to a
crisis and manage the impact on a community such as development of
plans, establishment of early warning systems, and mobilizing
volunteers. This also includes activities to prepare for, respond to,
recover from and mitigate future potential harm in compliance with the
national DRRM strategy.
ENABLING POLICIES
This pillar describes the policies that promote an integrated and
continuous cycle of DRRM including ordinances that allow LGUs to
increase their overall capacity and resiliency to experience and recover
from any type of disaster.
LEADERSHIP
This pillar describes the key duties and responsibilities of local
authorities to oversee the operations for Taal Volcano eruption.
COMPETENCY
This pillar indicates the capacity building initiatives which serve
as the foundation of many DRRM activities at the local level. These
initiatives focus on strengthening the knowledge, skills, resources, and
abilities that allow disaster responders to effectively perform their
duties.
KNOWLEDGE AND LEARNING
This pillar describes various approaches to intentionally share
awareness and experiences among the public to enrich their learning
on preparedness measures for Taal Volcano eruption. The creation of a
Pillars of Early Preparedness Actions repository of knowledge resources can be an essential factor in
enabling informed decisions and ensuring that information is available
in the right place at the right time.

2 Protocols for Volcanic Eruption - Taal Volcano

 PILLAR 1: STRUCTURE
This pillar recognizes the need for robust, effective, and efficient coordination systems among responders while
retaining flexibility to adjust operations based on emerging conditions. This also concerns how the critical information on
volcanic eruption are dispersed across a myriad of actors to inform strategic and collective action.

Through an Executive Order, the local government unit shall create the following offices and bodies.

1. Local Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council (LDRRMC)

2. Local Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Office (LDRRMO)

 Pass an ordinance for the establishment of office with staffing pattern and designated officials and staff
3. Incident Command System (ICS)

 Create an Executive Order for the adoption of Incident Command System (ICS) and indicating the offices
concerned in the different sections

 Create an Executive Order requiring the LDRRMO to assign or organize an Incident Command System (ICS)
members from the Local DRRMC with the appropriate qualifications to handle specific incidents

 Create an Executive Order to assign key positions in the ICS

 Train the LDRRMC members

4. Response Cluster System

Currently, the Philippine Government recognizes the following eleven (11) Emergency Response Clusters
based on the National Disaster Response Plan (NDRP).

Protocols for Volcanic Eruption - Taal Volcano 3

 PILLAR 1: STRUCTURE

Reference Box A — Organizational Structure based on NDRRMC-DILG-CSC JMC 2014-1

Local Disaster Risk Reduction

Management Officer

Admin & Research & Operations &

Training Planning Warning

4 Protocols for Volcanic Eruption - Taal Volcano

 PILLAR 1: STRUCTURE

Reference Box B — Composition of the Incident Management Team per NDRRMC

Memorandum no. 4 s.2012

Composition of the Incident Management Team

The needs arising from the incident will determine the IMT organization.

1. Incident Commander - The individual responder for all incident activities, including developing strategies and tactics,
and ordering and releasing of resources.
2. Command Staff - Typically includes a public information officer, a safety officer, and a liaison officer. They report
directly to the incident commander (IC) or unified commander (UC), and may have assistants as necessary.
(a) Public Information Officer – Deals with the public, media, and other agencies on incident-related information
requirements.
(b) Safety Officer - Monitors incident operations and advises the IC/UC on all matters relating to operational
safety, including health and safety of emergency responder personnel.
(c) Liaison Officer – The incident command’s point of contact for DRRMC and other government agency
representatives, NGOs, and the private sector; provides input on the agency’s policies, resource availability, and
other incident-related matters.
3. General Staff - Responsible for the functional aspects of the incident command structure.
(a) Operations Section - Responsible for all tactical activities related to reducing immediate hazard, saving lives
and property, establishing situational control, and restoring normal operations.
(b) Planning Section - Collects, evaluates, and disseminates incident situation information and intelligence to the
IC/UC and incident management personnel.
(c) Logistics Section - Provides resources and other services needed to manage the incident, except for aviation
support.
(d) Finance and Administrative Section - Responsible for managing all financial aspects of the incident.

Protocols for Volcanic Eruption - Taal Volcano 5

 PILLAR 1: STRUCTURE

Reference Box C — Emergency Response Clusters based on the National Disaster Response
Plan (NDRP)
a. SRR - Search, Rescue, and Retrieval
To provide support for an effective, efficient, organized and systematic search, rescue and retrieval
operations to disaster affected areas upon order to minimize loss of lives and casualties.
b. Health
To ensure effective and predictable health response built on health priorities and related best
practices.
c. Camp Coordination and Camp Management (CCCM)
To provide assistance and augment all requirements for the management and evacuation of families
affected by disasters.
d. Internally Displaced Persons (IDP) Protection
To ensure that protection issues do not arise in emergency situations and to respond and mitigate the
effect of any protection issues that do arise.
e. MDM - Management of the Dead and Missing
To provide assistance in the proper identification and disposition of the remains in a sanitary &
dignified manner with cautions to prevent negative psychological and social impact on the bereaved and
the community.
f. LOG – Logistics
To provide an efficient and effective strategic emergency logistics services all clusters deployed by the
National Response Cluster and encourage regular info-sharing emergency road network, status of critical
infrastructure/lifelines.

6 Protocols for Volcanic Eruption - Taal Volcano

 PILLAR 1: STRUCTURE

g. F/NFI - Food and Non-Food Items

To save lives by providing food and non-food to the affected populations during the emergency
response phase in the short-term, and to restore at least the pre-disaster level of food security in the
affected areas in the long-term.
h. LAO- Law and Order
To provide security for the Response Clusters, enforce law and order in the community, and provide
traffic management that will facilitate the speedy movement of people, goods and equipment to the
affected areas
i. EDU- Education
To ensure safety of learners and DepEd personnel and to provide continued access to quality of
education to all affected learner.
j. ETC- Emergency Telecommunication
To strengthen ICT capacities at national down to local level responders to prepare for, respond to and
recover from the impacts of disasters.
k. IHA- International Humanitarian Assistance
To establish an organized and systematic management structure for all international humanitarian
assistance to the Philippines, e.g., accommodation of search and rescue and disaster relief teams, among
others.

Protocols for Volcanic Eruption - Taal Volcano 7

 PILLAR 1: STRUCTURE

5. Emergency Operations Center

 Construct of Emergency Command Center

 Establish primary and alternate EOC
 Furnish EOC with tools and equipment for operations
 Create management structure for the management and operation of EOC
 Draft Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) framework for EOC operations
 Submit SOP framework for LGUs Executive Order compliance
 Secure MOU/MOA with the Region, Province, City and Municipality for sharing of resources and response
arrangements with affected and unaffected LGUs

 Ensure to orient and train staff on EOC SOP who will manage the EOC
 Orient the EOC staff on their roles and functions

8 Protocols for Volcanic Eruption - Taal Volcano

 PILLAR 2: MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS

This pillar describes elements necessary to bring stability to a crisis and manage the impact on a community such as
development of plans, establishment of early warning systems, and mobilizing volunteers. This also includes activities to
prepare for, respond to, recover from and mitigate future potential harm in compliance with the national DRRM strategy.
Through an Executive Order, teams led by the LDRRM Officer are assigned to conduct a risk assessment in preparation
of the following:

 Develop the following plans

 Local Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Plan (LDRRMP)
 Harmonized municipal/city contingency plans with the provincial contingency plan
 Contingency Plan for Volcanic Eruption (per hazard)
 Public Service Continuity Plan based on NDRRMC Memorandum No. 33, Series 2018
 Evacuation Plan for Volcanic Eruption
 Business Continuity Plan
 Camp Coordination and Camp Management Plan for affected and host LGUs
 Comprehensive Land Use Plan (CLUP) and Comprehensive Development Plan (CDP) (which will consider risks
and exposures to volcanic hazards)
 Secure MOA with service providers
 MOA with transport sector to assist the AFP, LGU, PNP and BFP for the rescue and evacuation of families and
animals.
 Establish systems for community reserve volunteers
 Determine terms of reference and basic qualifications and requirements
 Issue standard guidelines in accreditation of volunteers
 Identify/ recruit community reserve volunteers
 Conduct training, drills and simulation exercises

Protocols for Volcanic Eruption - Taal Volcano 9

 PILLAR 2: MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS

 Ensure necessary supplies for every household/family’s emergency bag

 Ensure necessary prepositioned supplies and equipment are available and regularly maintained in
the local government to respond to the volcanic eruption

 Issue an Executive Order establishing a Memorandum of Agreement (MOA) or Memorandum of

Understanding (MOU) between and among the appropriate agencies. Agreements that involve
purchases must comply with Commission on Audit and Procurement Law guidelines.

Agency/Organization Provider Role / Services

Supermarkets Availability of relief goods and other supplies

Volunteer groups Availability of rescue / action workforce

Transport groups Availability of transport equipment / vehicles

Hospitals and other healthcare providers Availability of medicines and other medical supplies

Neighboring LGUs DRRM and emergency response

Academic institutions, learning research Climate and disaster risk assessment (CDRA), research
institute (LRIs) and science-based plans

Gas stations Gasoline and fuel supply

Pharmacies/ laboratories Availability of medical examinations needed

10 Protocols for Volcanic Eruption - Taal Volcano

 PILLAR 2: MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
NOTE:
The MOU/MOA may contain the following salient provisions:
 Products and services
 Term and delivery
 Compensation and payment
 Method of payment
 Additional purchases
 Liability of vendor
 Vendor's insurance
 Responsibilities of the vendor
 Timely delivery of products and performance of services
 Compliance with applicable law
 Termination
 Dispute resolution
 Stop work order
 Miscellaneous

 Coordinate with PDRRMO and LDRRMO on putting up of early warning system / device in the locality including
guidelines and protocols.

 Ensure communities, individuals, government / non-government organizations involvement in the planning, monitoring
and evaluating of LDRRMO plans and projects.

Protocols for Volcanic Eruption - Taal Volcano 11

 PILLAR 2: MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS

Reference Box D — Content of an Emergency Bag

Emergency Bag
 First Aid Kit (with essential medicines)
 Flashlight and extra batteries
 Candles and matches
 Instant foods (biscuits, canned goods, bottled water)
 Dust mask/ Face mask
 Extra clothes (underwear, raincoat, sweater etc)
 Whistles, ropes, eco bags
 Wireless radio and extra batteries
 Items for special needs of infants, elders and PWD members of the family
 Cellphones and power bank
 Hygiene essentials (toothbrush, toothpaste, bath soap, shampoo, dignity kit for women)
 LGU’s directory card
If needed, the pet emergency kit or pet bag includes:
 Leash and harness
 Food and water

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 PILLAR 2: MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS

Reference Box E — Needed Resources

Necessary equipment per Barangay: Necessary equipment per City / Municipality:

 Standby vehicles  Trucks, vans, buses  Generator

 Megaphone  Backhoe, grader, tractor, scoop  Outdoor Access point
 Two-way radio and other  Loader, bulldozer  Gigabit Ethernet switch
 Communication equipment  Drill  Wifi access point
 Flashlight and extra batteries  Concrete cutter  LTE wifi
 Tents (temporary shelters)  Defibrillator and nebulizer  Ambulance
 Portable generator, solar-powered  Ladders  Fire Trucks
panels  Floodlight  Spine board
 Water pump  Siren  Trauma kit
 Water tank storage, bladder  Megaphone  First aid kit
 Portable water purifier  Whistle  Search light
 Boats (motor / rubber)  Two-way radio, GPS device, and  Hard hat / helmet
 Stretchers and spine boards other communication tools  Life vest
 Siren  Ropes and throw bags  Bag valve mask device (adult)
 Gloves  Searchlight  Bag valve mask device (Infant)
 Sanitation kits  Assistive materials: wheelchairs,  Wheel chair
 Log / record books crutches  Potable water dispenser
 Trash bags  Water rescue kit: rope, floatation  Stretchers
ring,  Emergency kit with necessary
 Life jacket medicines
 Reflectorized vests  Emergency lights
 Cadaver Bags  Portable nebulizer
 Protective gears:  Cleaning kits: brooms, dust pans,
 Helmets and life vests mops and sacks
 Bolo, shovels

Protocols for Volcanic Eruption - Taal Volcano 13

 PILLAR 3: ENABLING POLICIES

This pillar describes the policies that promote an integrated and continuous cycle of DRRM including ordinances that
allow LGUs to increase their overall capacity and resiliency to experience and recover from any type of disaster.

The following ordinances should be enacted by the local government units:

 Creation of ordinance on the establishment of the response clusters team

 Creation of ordinance on adapting the Taal Volcano Eruption contingency plan aligned with the Provincial
and Regional Contingency Plan

 Creation of Ordinance on emergency evacuation plan in coordination with LDRRMO and BDRRMO
 Creation of ordinance on appropriate donation management system in coordination with MSWD and
Sangguniang Barangay

14 Protocols for Volcanic Eruption - Taal Volcano

 PILLAR 4: LEADERSHIP

This pillar describes the key duties and responsibilities of local authorities to oversee the operations for Taal Volcano
eruption.

The following are the duties and responsibilities of concerned officials and offices:

1. Local Chief Executive

a. Ensure the functionality of the Local Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council (LDRRMC).
b. Suspend work and/or classes in accordance with the advisories as based on the LGU’s contingency plans.
c. Implement preemptive or mandatory evacuation based on the LGUs evacuation protocols.
d. Recommend to the Sanggunian Panlalawigan/ Panlungsod/Pambayan the Declaration of State of Calamity upon
recommendation of the LDRRMC.

e. Implement Post-disaster Recovery and Rehabilitation Plan.

f. Order the temporary closure of tourist spots, recreational facilities and cultural heritage sites.
g. Secure partnership with other LGUs as possible responders and evacuation areas.
h. Venture into partnership with private/business establishments to ensure sustainability of food supply and
other medical supplies.

i. Develop and implement Public Service Continuity Plan (PSCP).

Protocols for Volcanic Eruption - Taal Volcano 15

 PILLAR 4: LEADERSHIP

2. Local Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Officer

a. Coordinate with the City or Municipal Engineer in putting up necessary warning and safety signages, and
conduct of infrastructure audit of buildings and built environment including roads and bridges.

b. Coordinate with the local Philippine National Police (PNP) in establishing and maintaining security posts/
checkpoints.

c. Coordinate with the Provincial /Local Veterinarian in identifying shelter for livestock and animal relief park.
d. Coordinate with the Jail Warden and Office of the Local Chief Executive in designating a temporary evacuation
center for persons deprived of liberty (PDLs) detained in jail facilities located at disaster prone areas.

e. Secure updated information on hazard prone areas from the Surveillance Agencies such as the DOST-
PHIVOLCS, MGB and others.

f. Ensure participation and regular conduct of earthquake drills in their areas of jurisdiction.
g. Coordinate with PHILVOLCS in demarcating areas susceptible to base surge, fissures, and other volcanic
hazards, as well as distance from the main crater.

h. Emphasize the need to conduct infrastructure audit of facilities which will serve as pick up points, evacuation
center, etc.

i. Ensure that there are no obstruction (e.g electric post, parking) in evacuation route.

16 Protocols for Volcanic Eruption - Taal Volcano

 PILLAR 4: LEADERSHIP

3. Punong Barangay

a. Create/organize/reconstitute the Barangay Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council (BDRRMC) by
virtue of an Executive Order.

b. Strengthen the BDRRMC through various capacity development interventions.

c. Formulate/ update and implement the BDRRM Plan.
d. Formulate a contingency plan including hazard maps for each identified hazard in the barangay.
e. Conduct registration and inventory of DRRM equipment
f. Keep an updated data on critical facilities and lifeline utilities.
g. Use an information system (such as Community-based Monitoring System) that will provide relevant data on
the socio-demographic profile of the barangay such as:
 Total barangay population (disaggregated by gender)
 Total number of households
 Total number of senior citizens
 Total number of children
 Total number of people needing special assistance
 Total number of persons with disabilities (PWDs)
 Total number of indigenous people (IPs)
 others
h. Designate an Evacuation Area/Facility and provide signages/billboards of Evacuation Routes on strategic
locations.
i. Venture into partnership with private / business establishments through a Memorandum of Agreement
(MOA)/ Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) with the authority of the Sangguniang Barangay, to ensure
sustainability of food supply and other medical supplies before, during and after a disaster.

Protocols for Volcanic Eruption - Taal Volcano 17

 PILLAR 5: COMPETENCY

This pillar indicates the capacity building initiatives which serve as the foundation of many DRRM at the local level.
These initiatives focus on strengthening the knowledge, skills, resources, and abilities that allow disaster responders to
effectively perform their duties.

 Organize capacity building activities which may include the following trainings/ seminars/ workshop

Offices/Personnel to
Key Areas List of Training Requirements
Train
LDRRM Planning
Hazard Mapping
Community Based Monitoring System LDRRM Council Members /
Public Service / Business Sectors Continuity Plan Personnel
Contingency Plan formulation
Community Based Monitoring System
Household evacuation plan
Planning and Monitoring
Family Emergency preparedness plan
Basic Disaster Concept Training Incident Management Team
Transportation and Logistics
Risk Assessment Local Emergency Response
Alliance Building Cluster
Risk Communication and Information Command System
Training

18 Protocols for Volcanic Eruption - Taal Volcano

 PILLAR 5: COMPETENCY

Basic Life Support Training LDRRMO

OCD
First Aid Training
Emergency Response
Emergency Response Training
Cluster
Response Operation Relief Goods Management (Food and Non Food)
Minimum Initial Service Package for Reproductive Health
Camp Coordination and Management
WASH Emergencies Office Special Body Team
Management of the Dead and Missing
Rehabilitation and Post Disaster Needs Assessment Training
Recovery Mental Health and Psychosocial Support

 Conduct / Facilitate simulation activities for high –risk population area based on the Taal Contingency plan
and PDRRMO Contingency plan.

Protocols for Volcanic Eruption - Taal Volcano 19

 PILLAR 6: KNOWLEDGE AND LEARNING

This pillar describes various approaches to intentionally share awareness and experiences among the public to enrich
their learning on preparedness measures for Taal Volcano eruption. The creation of a repository of knowledge resources
can be an essential factor in enabling informed decisions and ensuring that information is available in the right place at the

 Develop supplemental resources like infographics, or checklists that cover guidelines and protocols in
preparation for the imminent eruption.

 Conduct dialogue on preparedness, response and recovery for Volcanic Eruption among stakeholders
together with technical experts, government agencies, private/business sectors, civic organizations, media
sectors and communities must be conducted.

 Enact a “Taal Volcano Eruption Awareness Month” in affected local government units to institute regular
information campaign activities in communities on volcanic hazards, disaster preparation, and disaster
response protocols in case of a volcanic eruption.

 Consider the establishment of a local Taal Volcano memorial museum or allocate a dedicated space in the
local library which will showcase documentation and knowledge resources on Taal Volcano, including
historical photographs, response plans/actions, reports, researches and other relevant materials.

20 Protocols for Volcanic Eruption - Taal Volcano

 Checklist of
CRITICAL
PREPAREDNESS
ACTIONS

Checklist of

Critical
Preparedness
Actions
21
Protocols for Volcanic Eruption - Taal Volcano 21
 The purpose of this checklist is to outline the Critical Preparedness Actions (CPA) which the LGUs need to undertake
during threats of volcanic eruption based on the Alert Levels as determined by PHIVOLCS. The actions to be undertaken
are progressive and based on the escalation and de-escalation of volcanic alert levels.

VOLCANIC HAZARDS FROM TAAL

According to PHIVOLCS, hazards are potentially destructive agent, process or event whose interaction with the
material environment could cause harm on humans and their resources. Hazards of Taal Volcano are identified either
primary or secondary hazards.

Primary hazards are processes and events directly resulting from an eruption.

Secondary hazards are phenomena associated with an eruption and whose occurrence depends on other hazards.

22 Protocols for Volcanic Eruption - Taal Volcano

 PRIMARY HAZARD
Hazard Description Impact

It is also known as tephra fall. This  Widespread infrastructural damages (when thick);
is the showering of fine-to-coarse-
Ashfall
grained volcanic material and other  Health hazards; and
airborne products of a volcanic
eruption. Its distribution or dispersal is  Damaged jet engine of all types of aircraft due to ash
dependent on prevailing wind direction. abrasion.

These are large particle tephra

called volcanic bombs that are too  Damaged houses and agricultural crops at Taal
Ballistic heavy to transport in eruption columns. Volcano Island; and
They are ejected straight out of the
Projectiles volcanic vents.  Fatality to the settlers of the island.

 Injuries from abrasion, dynamic pressure (impacting

force);
It is a special class of pyroclastic
density current that are mobile and  Burning, incineration of combustible matter in flow
Base Surge water-vapor-rich pyroclastic surges; path;
They are generated by explosive
phreatomagmatic eruptions.  Filling of river valleys w/ deposits; and

 Asphyxiation.

This is a river of incandescent of

molten rock or lava moving downslope
or away from an eruption vent. It is
composed of low silica magma have  Incineration, burial, generation of pyroclastic density
Lava flows low viscosities and tend to flow at high currents; and
speeds (kilometers per hour), while
 Long term disuse of buried land.
those composed of high silica magma
have high viscosities and tend to move
slowly (kilometers per day).
Continued on the next page...

Protocols for Volcanic Eruption - Taal Volcano 23

 .

 Ground cracks and ground deformation;

Volcanic This type of earthquake is induced  Houses will shake and windows rattle from the
by rising lava or magma beneath active numerous earthquakes that occur each day before
earthquakes volcanoes. and during a volcanic eruption; and

 Damage to manmade structures and land sliding.

Fallout from an eruption cloud em-

 Denser, odorless CO2 which can cause asphyxia-
anating from the Main Crater would
Volcanic gases and tion;
have high probability of being acidic
acid rain sine airborne particles can easily ab-  Pollution of the atmosphere; and
sorbed the gases and compounds in
the eruption cloud.  Vegetation, fish and animal kills.

SECONDARY HAZARD

It is also known as seiche which  Damage to life and property especially along the
Volcanic refers to the waves or waves trains that lakeshore areas; and
Tsunami are generated by sudden displacement  Engulfing and washing away structures along the
of water during volcanic eruptions. lakeshore areas.

Volcanic It is the movement/adjustments along  Infrastructure damages; and

Fissures faults, accompanied by earthquake.  Damages to residential properties.

24 Protocols for Volcanic Eruption - Taal Volcano

 PROCESS FLOW OF INFORMATION DISSEMINATION

The Regional and Local DRRM Councils shall act upon the alert advisories reported by PHIVOLCS. The Alert
Advisories shall be directed to the Regional DRRMC and task the Local DRRMO (Provincial, City/Municipal, and
Barangay) to activate their local disaster and contingency plans. Media, also, take part on public information
dissemination.

The critical preparedness actions are also categorized into three progressive actions areas: PREPARE,
RESPOND, and MONITOR.

Protocols for Volcanic Eruption - Taal Volcano 25

 Action Area General Progressive Actions
The LGUs shall:

Prepare  Prepare and issue directives;

Action  Convene LDRRMC and conduct pre- disaster risk assessment; and

 Perform other administrative and managerial actions

The LGUs shall:

 Conduct a Pre Disaster Risk Assessment (PDRA) until eruption peaked;

 Deploy teams in charge of security, law and order, lifeline, SRR, and MDM. The
teams include PNP, BFP, Engineering, DPWH, and Public Safety Office.
Response
 Conduct Rapid damage assessment and needs Analysis (RDANA) as basis of
Action welfare and humanitarian service provision

 Deploy welfare and humanitarian services teams: LSWDO, MHO, MHPSS, WASH

 Deploy Communication and Public Awareness team; Public Information Officer,

media relations, radio and media groups.

The LGUs shall:

Monitor, Coordinate, and  Gather, consolidate, and submit reports;

Report Action  Monitor alerts and advisories;
 Coordinate internal and external operations.

26 Protocols for Volcanic Eruption - Taal Volcano

 TAAL VOLCANO ALERT SCHEME

Alert Level Criteria Interpretation

0
The background is quiet. There is no remarkable level of There is no eruption in the foreseeable
No Alert
volcanic earthquakes occurring within the volcano area. future.
(Normal)

1 There are magmatic, tectonic, or

There is observable low level of seismicity, fumarolic, and other
Low Level of hydrothermal disturbances, but there is no
activities
Volcanic Unrest imminent eruption.
There are low to moderate level of seismicity, and persistence
There would be probable magmatic
2 of local but unfelt earthquakes. Ground deformation
intrusion, and could eventually lead to
Moderate Level of measurements are above baseline levels. There are also
eruption if trend shows further decline, the
Volcanic Unrest increased water and/or ground hole temperature. Increased
volcanic alert may soon go back to level 1.
bubbling of Crater lake is also observed.
There is relatively high unrest manifested by seismic swarms
including increasing occurrence of low frequency earthquakes If the trend is one of increasing unrests,
3
and/or harmonic tremor (some events were felt). Sudden of hazardous eruption is possible within days to
High Level of
increasing changes in temperature, or in bubbling activities, or in weeks. If the trend is one of decreasing
Volcanic Unrest
radon gas emissions, or in the crater lake pH. Bulging of edifice unrests, volcanic alert may go back to level 2.
and fissuring may accompany seismicity.

4 There is intense unrest, continuing seismic swarms, including

Imminent harmonic tremor and/or “low frequency earthquakes which are
Hazardous eruption is possible with days.
Hazardous usually felt. Also, there is profuse steaming along existing and
Eruption perhaps new vents and fissures.

5 Hazardous eruption in progress. There is

There are base surges accompanied by eruption columns, or
Hazardous extreme hazards to communities west of the
Eruption lava fountains, or lava flows.
volcano and ash-falls on downwind sectors.

Protocols for Volcanic Eruption - Taal Volcano 27

 DESCRIPTION OF CRITICAL PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS
This part explains the specific critical preparedness actions expected from every LGUs near the danger zones
and other municipalities in Batangas province.

Alert Level Description Critical Preparedness Actions

The LGUs shall:

 Create or organize LDRRMC, LDRRMO, IMT, Response clusters, and Rescue groups;
 Capacitate staff and team;
 Develop DRRM plan;
0 There is no eruption in  Establish EOC;
No Alert the foreseeable
future.  Stockpile supplies;
(Normal)
 Issue EO’s and ordinances;
 Establish early warning systems;
 Conduct EIC campaigns; and
 Create an appropriate donation management system.

The LGUs shall:

 Update the contingency plans;
There are magmatic,  Ensure the operability of the EOC;
1 tectonic, or  Review agreements with goods and service providers;
hydrothermal
Low Level of  Review agreements with other partner LGUs;
disturbances, but
Volcanic Unrest  Monitor entry to Taal Volcano;
there is no imminent
eruption.  Conduct IEC campaigns;
 Preposition PPE’s and other related supplies; and
 Conduct PDRA

Continued on the next page...

28 Protocols for Volcanic Eruption - Taal Volcano

 The LGUs shall:
 Activate Local Emergency Response Cluster;
 Activate IMT;

2  Activate Rescue and Emergency Response Team;

There would be probable magmatic
Moderate intrusion, and could eventually lead  Have heightened operations of EOC;
Level of to eruption if trend shows further  Test operationality and redundancy of emergency
Volcanic decline, the volcanic alert may soon
communications;
Unrest go back to Level 1.
 Preposition of logistical and rescue equipment;
 Prepare evacuation centers, evacuation routes, and related
logistics and supplies; and
 Warn those communities at risks.

The LGUs shall:

 Declare state of imminent danger;
If the trend is one of increasing  Suspend classes and offices;
3 unrests, hazardous eruption is  Evacuate residents within the hazard prone areas identified in
High Level of possible within days to weeks. If the the hazard maps;
Volcanic trend is one of decreasing unrests,
Unrest volcanic alert may go back to Level  Provide temporary shelters, food and non-food supplies;
2.  Secure help and safety of IDPs;
 Declare state of calamities; and
 Activate appropriate donation management system

Protocols for Volcanic Eruption - Taal Volcano 29

 The LGUs shall:
4 Declare state of calamity, if not done yet;
Imminent Hazardous eruption is possible within  Evacuate residents within the hazard prone areas
Hazardous days. identified in the hazard maps; and
Eruption
 Continuously provide temporary shelter and food, and
non-food supplies to the evacuees.

The LGUs shall:

5 Hazardous eruption in progress.
There is extreme hazards to  Evacuate residents within the hazard prone areas
Hazardous communities west of the volcano and identified in the hazard maps; and
Eruption ash-falls on downwind sectors.
 Extend danger zones.

DE-ESCALATION ACTIONS
The decline of volcano monitoring parameters as observed through the prescribed period of observation by PHIVOLCS
shall be the basis for lowering of Taal Volcano alert levels. Considering the nature and characteristics of Taal Volcano, both
evacuation and de-escalation actions will be subject to change should the source of volcanic activity emanate from any of
the flank vents or lateral vents, not the Main Crater. In the event of eruption from flank or lateral vents of Volcano Island
(and not from the Main Crater), zones of proneness to the principal volcanic hazards are expected to concentrate on
relevant sectors of Taal Volcano and to decrease in other sectors. Therefore, evacuation and de-escalation procedures may
be subject to scenario-based hazards assessment provided by PHIVOLCS, given that the current hazards zonation maps
are actually a consolidation of various eruption scenarios.

30 Protocols for Volcanic Eruption - Taal Volcano

Protocols for Volcanic Eruption - Taal Volcano 31
32 Protocols for Volcanic Eruption - Taal Volcano
Protocols for Volcanic Eruption - Taal Volcano 33
 Checklist of
EARLY
RECOVERY AND
REHABILITATION
ACTIONS
Checklist of

EARLY
RECOVERY AND
REHABILITATION
34 ACTIONS
Protocols for Volcanic Eruption - Taal Volcano 34
 The National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Plan describes early recovery as the transition period which
starts immediately after the onset of a disaster. During this phase, there must be a functional, integrated, and coordinated
system which will facilitate the implementation of immediate results for vulnerable populations and promote
opportunities for long-term recovery.

These general actions are deemed important in order to better manage the early recovery and rehabilitation phase.

A. Activation of institutional structures for early recovery and rehabilitation

B. Conduct of damage/ impact assessment activities
C. Formulation of local recovery and rehabilitation program/plan (city/municipal, provincial or regional
level)
D. Strengthening of monitoring mechanisms at the local level
E. Development of communication strategies to address early recovery and rehabilitation issues and
concerns

Protocols for Volcanic Eruption - Taal Volcano 35

 A. ACTIVATION OF INSTITUTIONAL STRUCTURES FOR EARLY RECOVERY AND REHABILITATION

 Utilize the Local DRRM Councils in early recovery and rehabilitation policy and program
implementation
The provincial, city and municipal DRRM Councils must utilize the Local DRRM Council to ensure smooth
transition from relief to early recovery and rehabilitation. The LGUs shall activate their local Recovery and
rehabilitation Cluster to lead the over-all management and coordination of rehabilitation, recovery, and
reconstruction efforts of the local government. To facilitate streamlined and integrated planning,
implementation, and monitoring of programs, the Recovery and rehabilitation Cluster shall support the
formulation of plans and programs to comprise the integrated short-, medium-, and long-term programs, in
response to the volcanic eruption. Utilizing the institutionalized structure through the local DRRM Council will
help ensure effective coordination in the planning and implementation of recovery and rehabilitation
interventions in affected areas.

 Form local sub-committees for recovery and rehabilitation

The LGU’s recovery and rehabilitation committees differ depending on the affected sectors in the locality.
The LGUs may create committees based on the extent of damages in their locality and the needed interventions.
The local committees for recovery and rehabilitation can be organized by following the sectors identified as
major areas for recovery and rehabilitation.

 Coordinate with the other LGUs, regional line agencies, and other stakeholders for their active
participation in recovery and rehabilitation

36 Protocols for Volcanic Eruption - Taal Volcano

 REFERENCE BOX A — SAMPLE LGU RECOVERY AND REHABILITATION SUBCOMMITTEES

The following committees can be organized by the LGUs based on the needs. Recognizing that the
impact of the volcanic eruption varies and the sectors affected are not always the same, the composition and
activation of each committee would depend on the local context and needs. Each committee will be assigned
with a lead identified from the local DRRM Council members and other relevant government agencies in the
locality.

Agriculture & Fisheries Sub-Committee - The agriculture and fisheries sub-committee is responsible for
providing farm and fisheries inputs, machineries and equipment, and facilitating access to fisheries and crop
financing for affected workers in the agriculture and fisheries sector. The committee is also the lead in
ensuring the continuity and integrity of agriculture and fishery supply chain and providing financial
assistance and capacity building interventions to affected farmers and fisherfolks.

Livelihood Sub-Committee - The livelihood sub-committee is responsible for providing emergency

employment assistance to affected families, restoring sources of income or diversifying opportunities for
employment. The committee is also in charge of improving access to credit for businesses and providing
marketing assistance and job placements.

Shelter Sub-Committee - The shelter sub-committee is in charge of the provision of housing solutions to
affected families and individuals. The committee is responsible for the coordination of all the relevant shelter
interventions especially those that are related to resettlement. The committee also lead the conduct of
participatory approach in developing shelter assistance programs with the affected communities.

Social Services Sub-Committee – The social services sub-committee is responsible in ensuring a smooth
transition from the relief phase to the early recovery and rehabilitation phase. The Committee is in charge of
providing programs on food, health and psychosocial support, education to the affected population.

Physical Infrastructure Sub-Committee - The physical infrastructure sub-committee is in charge of the

rehabilitation programs and projects relating to damaged physical infrastructure. These may include the
construction, repair, and restoration of damaged roads, bridges, and other public structures. The committee
is also in charge of the conduct of infrastructure audit and clearing and cleaning operations.

Protocols for Volcanic Eruption - Taal Volcano 37

 B. CONDUCT OF DAMAGE/LOSSES/IMPACT ASSESSMENT ACTIVITIES

 Conduct post-disaster damage and losses assessments for sectors that were severely affected by volcanic
eruption

 Conduct analysis and interpretation of collected data

REFERENCE BOX B — OVERVIEW OF POST-DISASTER NEEDS AND LOSSES

ASSESSMENT FOR LGUS
A post-disaster damage and losses assessment is a multi-sectoral and multidisciplinary structured approach for
assessing the volcanic eruption impacts and prioritizing recovery and reconstruction needs. It is led and
undertaken by the government after the volcanic eruption, with the collaboration of other stakeholders. As a
synthesis of a Damage and Loss Assessment (DaLA) and a Human Recovery Needs Assessment (HRNA), which
includes a recovery and reconstruction framework, the post-disaster damage and losses assessment is intended
to estimate firstly the short-term interventions that are required to initiate recovery from the damages and losses
and secondly the financial requirements of programs and projects to achieve overall post-disaster recovery,
reconstruction and risk management.

REFERENCE BOX C — TEAM COMPOSITION OF THE ASSESSMENT TEAM

The composition of the assessment team depends on the sectors to be assessed. Since it makes estimations of
destruction of physical assets and of changes in the flow of socio-economic activities, the team should include
architects and engineers, sociologists, economists, statistician and experts in the sector that will be assessed. It
should also include other professionals that are well acquainted with the assessment methodology and with the
socio-economic conditions of the affected areas.
From the government side, officials belonging to the line agencies covering all sectors of the economy, such as
those from the statistical agency, finance, economic and social planning agencies, should participate in the
assessment. Their respective roles and tasks will depend on their institutional mandate and structure.

38 Protocols for Volcanic Eruption - Taal Volcano

 C. FORMULATION OF LOCAL RECOVERY AND REHABILITATION PROGRAM/PLAN
(CITY/MUNICIPAL, PROVINCIAL OR REGIONAL LEVEL)

 Conduct after action review activities (lessons learned)

Once the early recovery and rehabilitation sets in, the LGUs, through the Local DRRM Councils should
conduct an After Action Review or lessons learned workshops to reflect on its own actions and performance on
responding to the volcanic eruption. This kind of activity shall provide valuable opportunities for the local
government to hear feedback and make honest assessments on the response, including commitments and plans
for improved preparedness for future volcanic eruptions.

 Formulate the local recovery and rehabilitation program

 Approve the local recovery and rehabilitation program

 Implement the local recovery and rehabilitation program

 Update the local rehabilitation an recovery program

Protocols for Volcanic Eruption - Taal Volcano 39

 REFERENCE BOX D — SAMPLE CONTENT OF THE LOCAL REHABILITATION AN RECOVERY
PROGRAM BASED ON TAAL ERUPTION EXPERIENCE

Content of the local rehabilitation an recovery program

 Background and Description of Affected Areas

 Description of the Taal Volcano Eruption
 Damage Assessment
 Relief and Recovery Initiatives
 Recovery and rehabilitation framework
 Recovery and rehabilitation Program for Taal Volcano Eruption Affected Areas
 Implementation and Monitoring operations.

40 Protocols for Volcanic Eruption - Taal Volcano

 REFERENCE BOX E — SECTORAL PPAS THAT MAY BE IMPLEMENTED TO SUPPORT THE
EARLY RECOVERY AND REHABILITATION BASED ON TAAL ERUPTION EXPERIENCE

Sector Sample PPAs

 Conduct of clearing operations on affected schools

 Provision of learners’ kit to affected learners
 Conduct of psychological first aid for students and school personnel
 Provision of food, non-food, medicine and supplies
 Conduct of mental health and psychosocial support services to affected
individuals and families
 Construction of permanent toilet facilities in evacuation centers and temporary
housing sites
 Provision of toilet disinfectants for evacuation centers and temporary housing
sites
 Provision of potable water supply for affected families
 Provision of long-lasting insecticide treated screen, and insecticides for the
Social Services
fogging and misting operation in temporary housing sites
 Installation of soup kitchens in evacuation centers and temporary housing sites
 Provision of maternity packs (birthing materials)
 provision of first aid kits and disaster kits for families
 Deployment of medical, dental and MHPSS Teams
 Conduct of referrals of patients for continuity of hospital care
 Provision of financial assistance to affected families
 Provision of continuing relief assistance (food and non-food items) to affected
families
 Provision of supplementary feeding program to children (community based)
 Implementation of 4Ps cash grants every 2 months period
 Implementation of Unconditional Cash Transfer program

Continued on the next page...

Protocols for Volcanic Eruption - Taal Volcano 41

 Sector Sample PPAs

 Repair and rehabilitation of partially damaged houses

 Provision of shelter materials for damaged houses
 Provision of cash assistance to partially damaged and totally damaged houses
Shelter  Improvement/maintenance of temporary housing units
 Provision/installation of electric and water meters in temporary housing units
 Installation of community kitchens in temporary housing units

 Distribution of agricultural and farm inputs

 Reconstruction of vermiculture shelters
 Conduct of soil analysis and rehabilitation
 Rehabilitation of nurseries
 Distribution of livestock and poultry
 Provision of feeds, supplements, and biologics
 Provision of animal breeding and animal health supplies
 Profiling of farmers and fisherfolks
 Rehabilitation of Fisheries area
 Conduct of fishery facilities operation and maintenance
Agriculture and
 Establishment of alternative production areas
Fisheries
 Establishment of maricultural zones
 Implementation of Survival and Recovery Loan Assistance Program
 Implementation of livestock and fisheries credit program
 Establishment of Alternative Production System (livelihood provision and
training module preparation)
 Establishment of Alternative Production Areas (i.e. container gardening)
 Conduct of post-harvest trainings
 Establishment of market linkaging
 Conduct of studies on agriculture and fisheries supply chain
 Review of legislations to support livestock sector (e.g. tax holidays

Continued on the next page...

42 Protocols for Volcanic Eruption - Taal Volcano

 Sector Sample PPAs

 Provision of financial assistance for displaced workers

 Implementation of emergency employment programs (i.e. cash for work)
 Conduct of training programs for affected businesses
 Implementation of government internship program
Livelihood
 Provision of technical assistance services for cooperatives
 Implementation of livelihood loan assistance program
 Implementation of programs for micro and small cooperatives
 Provision of Equipment/Machineries

 Rehabilitation/ Repair of settlement/fissures on provincial roads

 Cleaning, removal of ash deposits at access roads, canals and runoff catchment
areas
 Repair of partially damaged Rural health centers
 Riprapping and Slope Protection with Drainage System.
 Backfilling of damaged roads due to fissures
Physical Infrastructure
 Clearing of Roads due to ashfalls and landslide
 Conduct of assessment due to ground deformation
 Validation of road integrity
 Provision of Water Supply System.
 Construction of Distribution Line affected by Taal Volcano Eruption
 Repair and rehabilitation of damaged government buildings

Protocols for Volcanic Eruption - Taal Volcano 43

 REFERENCE BOX F — FINANCIAL RESOURCES THAT MAY BE CONSIDERED FOR EARLY
RECOVERY AND REHABILITATION BASED ON TAAL VOLCANO ERUPTION EXPERIENCE

Funding Source Description

Not less than five percent (5%) of the estimated revenue from regular sources
shall be set aside as the LDRRRMF to support disaster risk management activities
such as, but not limited to, pre-disaster preparedness programs including training,
Local Disaster Risk purchasing life-saving rescue equipment, supplies and medicines, for post-disaster
Reduction and activities, and for the payment of premiums on calamity insurance.
Management Fund Of the amount appropriated for LDRRMF, thirty percent (30%) shall be allocated
(LDRRMF) as Quick Response Fund (QRF) or stand-by fund for relief ad recovery programs in
order that situation and living conditions of people in communities or areas stricken
by disasters, calamities, epidemics, or complex emergencies, may be normalized as
quickly as possible.

The NDRRMF can also be utilized for relief, recovery, reconstruction and other
National Disaster Risk
work services in connection with natural or human induced calamities. The
Reduction and
utilization of the NDRRMF is subject to the provisions of NDRRMC Memorandum
Management Fund
Circular No. 45 s. 2017 dated March 14, 2017 on the “Guidelines on the
(NDRRMF)
Administration of National DRRM (NDRRM) Fund”.

Annual agency appropriations of government agencies and instrumentalities can

Agency Budget
be utilized to support early recovery and rehabilitation priority activities.

Cash or in-kind donations may be utilized to support early recovery and

rehabilitation activities intended for meeting the needs of the communities affected
Donations by volcanic eruption. In doing so, the LGU shall implement an electronic tracking
platform that will be able to generate the audit trail, including recording, monitoring
and utilization of donations.

This arrangement entails funding agreements between the national government

Cost-sharing Scheme
and LGUs in funding specific priority programs for early recovery and rehabilitation.

44 Protocols for Volcanic Eruption - Taal Volcano

 REFERENCE BOX G — TIMEFRAME OF RECOVERY AND REHABILITATION PLANNING
BASED ON TAAL EXPERIENCE

The time frame on the formulation of the Taal Volcano recovery and rehabilitation program depends on
the magnitude of the volcanic eruption. The LGUs can prepare their respective local recovery and rehabilitation
programs for volcanic eruption which can be incorporated to the higher-level (provincial and/or regional)
recovery and rehabilitation program by the lead agency on recovery and rehabilitation planning.

The planning process for the January 2020 eruption took two months from the conduct of the Post
Disaster Needs Assessment to the approval of the Regional Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council.
LGUs can align their planning calendar to the provincial and/or regional plan preparation timeline to ensure
that their plans can serve as inputs especially in identifying the priority programs, projects, and activities.

Below is the set of meetings and/or activities that should be conducted prior to the completion of the
recovery and rehabilitation program.
 Post-Disaster Needs Assessment
 Executive Planning Committee Meetings
 Sectoral Committee Meetings
 Investment Programming Meetings
 Sectoral validation/vetting workshops

REFERENCE BOX H — PROCESS FLOWCHART OF THE APPROVAL OF THE LOCAL

RECOVERY AND REHABILITATION PROGRAM

Formulation of the
Recovery and
Endorsement of the RRP Approval of the RRP by the
rehabilitation Program/
to the Local Sanggunian Local Sanggunian
Plan (RRP) by the local
planning committee

Protocols for Volcanic Eruption - Taal Volcano 45

 D. STRENGTHENING OF MONITORING MECHANISMS AT THE LOCAL LEVEL

 Establish a local Project Monitoring Unit (PMU) for programs and projects

 Utilize monitoring tools (i.e. Regional Project Monitoring and Evaluation System tool)
with clear performance indicators

 Build a database of programs and projects monitored

 Identify monitoring and reporting arrangements

46 Protocols for Volcanic Eruption - Taal Volcano

 REFERENCE BOX I — SAMPLE COMPOSITION/ ORGANIZATIONAL CHART OF THE PMU

The establishment of a PMU will allow the LGU to collect, process, analyze and disseminate
information involved not only in the short-term implementation of early recovery and rehabilitation
interventions, but also in the long term rehabilitation of affected communities. The monitoring of the
implementation of the projects shall also be the basis for the updating of the recovery and rehabilitation
program.

The concerned LDRRMC shall designate a specific unit that will lead the monitoring of early
recovery and rehabilitation actions, including the future rehabilitation programs and projects. Below is
the minimum human resource requirement for the local level monitoring unit:

LDRRMO
(Head of PMU)

Cluster Coordinator Cluster Coordinator Cluster Coordinator

(Technical Secretariat) (Technical Secretariat) (Technical Secretariat)

Protocols for Volcanic Eruption - Taal Volcano 47

 REFERENCE BOX J — SAMPLE RPMES FORM

The local monitoring of early recovery and rehabilitation actions require a broad range of tools. It comprises
systems for collecting, processing and analyzing data. For the regional monitoring activities, the Regional Project
Monitoring and Evaluation System (RPMES) forms or the RPMES modified monitoring form will be used as local
project monitoring committees are familiar in using this tool. In general, the monitoring reports shall contain
relevant data on: (a) physical progress of programs and projects against the targets, problems encountered and
measures taken or to be taken to address such issues; and (b) financial progress specifically the funds utilization.

Continued on the next page...

48 Protocols for Volcanic Eruption - Taal Volcano

 Continued on the next page...

Protocols for Volcanic Eruption - Taal Volcano 49

50 Protocols for Volcanic Eruption - Taal Volcano
 REFERENCE BOX K — SAMPLE REPORTING PROCESS

Monitoring at the Local Level

Each implementing unit shall submit a report of their programs, projects and activities to the PMU,
summarizing the over-all progress, issues and problems encountered at the cluster level, actions taken
and ways forward. The PMU shall collect these cluster reports and submit a consolidated report to the
LCE detailing the status of implementation of all cluster programs and projects, summarizing the over-all
progress, the issues and problems encountered, actions taken and suggested ways forward. This
reporting and monitoring arrangement at the local level shall be aligned to the provincial and regional
mechanisms to ensure that the reports from the LGUs will be integrated in the higher-level monitoring
reports.

LOCAL CHIEF EXECUTIVE

PMU

IMPLEMENTING UNITS

Protocols for Volcanic Eruption - Taal Volcano 51

 E. DEVELOPMENT OF COMMUNICATION STRATEGIES TO ADDRESS EARLY RECOVERY AND
REHABILITATION ISSUES AND CONCERNS

Early recovery and rehabilitation phase requires strategies that communicate clear, precise, and consistent
messages on recovery and rehabilitation interventions. Communication strategies shall aim to raise awareness about
early recovery and rehabilitation priorities and interventions among affected communities, policy makers, donors,
media and other key stakeholders.

 Establish communication protocols that would serve as the primary guide for LGUs in
implementing post-disaster communication-related activities.

 Identify a focal person or spokesperson to strengthen linkages with stakeholders (media,

government and partners) and convey key messages.

 Establish a feedback and response mechanism to allow affected communities to raise

their concerns and be responded to.

 Develop communication materials to convey important early recovery and rehabilitation

messages to affected communities and to other stakeholders.

 Strategize on appropriate communication channels that would best provide the platform
for reporting of early recovery and rehabilitation gains.

52 Protocols for Volcanic Eruption - Taal Volcano

 REFERENCE BOX L — SAMPLE POST-VOLCANIC ERUPTION ISSUE AND CONCERN AND
THE SUGGESTED RESPONSE OF THE LGU
Issue Response

Wide scale clearing

operations on Local government and government agencies shall mobilize disaster response
infrastructures affected management units and exhaust all resources (e.g., personnel, machineries and
residential areas and equipment, etc.) necessary to address the clearing operations.
establishments

Distribution of relief
assistance (food and non- Local government units and partner institutions will coordinate in distributing
food items) to all affected relief assistance to affected individuals and families.
families

Repair and rehabilitation

Upon assessment on the impact on the structure worthiness of houses and
of partially and totally
establishments, local government units shall give assistance (i.e., materials,
damaged houses and
financial, relocation, etc.) to the affected citizens.
establishments

Local and national government units shall promptly identify the viability of
Responsive
economic and livelihood programs considering the damage brought by the eruption
implementation of
to the agricultural, aquaculture and industrial sectors of the affected areas.
economic/livelihood
Coordination with various business and economic sectors and government
programs.
agencies such as DOLE, DTI, DSWD and others are to be manifested.

Protocols for Volcanic Eruption - Taal Volcano 53

 REFERENCE BOX M — STRATEGIES TO COMBAT CIRCULATION OF POST-VOLCANIC
ERUPTION RUMORS AND FAKE NEWS

Combating rumors and fake news post volcanic eruption

 Identify the spreading rumors, fake news and their sources
 Neutralize these with official statements from LGU officials and surveillance agencies as soon as
possible
 Disseminate clear and precise messages on emerging matters
 Reinforce announcements with statements from technical experts (i.e. PHIVOLCS volcanologists)
 Identify key opinion leaders whom the people listen to

REFERENCE BOX N — SAMPLE FEEDBACK MECHANISMS THAT LGUS CAN UTILIZE

Community Feedback and Response Mechanisms

 Installation of drop boxes at strategic areas
 Creation of social media feedback pages
 Conduct of regular barangay assemblies
 Conduct of focus group discussions and/or community surveys

54 Protocols for Volcanic Eruption - Taal Volcano

 REFERENCE BOX O — SAMPLE EARLY RECOVERY AND REHABILITATION MESSAGES

Actual early recovery and rehabilitation messages utilized by both government and non-
government organization during the early recovery and rehabilitation period:
 Bangon Batangas
 Batangas Magiting
 Operation: Bangon! Batangas
 Batangas: Babangon at Aahon

REFERENCE BOX P — TYPES OF COMMUNICATION CHANNELS

Channels Description
Television, radio and print are powerful channels to convey key messages in a
Broadcast Media
post-volcanic eruption setting.
Due to its wide reach, Facebook and other social media platforms may be used to
Digital Media Channels convey early recovery and rehabilitation message including addressing emerging
issues and concerns.
Clear information, education and campaign materials with clear and concise
Brochures and Flyers language will help the target audience grasp the relevant information on early
recovery.
Local town hall meetings or barangay assemblies can be utilized to inform the
Community Meetings general public of the important thrusts of the government with regard to short term
and long term plans post-volcanic eruption.

Protocols for Volcanic Eruption - Taal Volcano 55

 ANNEXES
ANNEX A. HAZARD MAP FOR TAAL VOLCANO BALLISTIC PROJECTILES

56 Protocols for Volcanic Eruption - Taal Volcano

 ANNEX B. BARANGAYS PRONE TO BALLISTIC PROJECTILES FROM TAAL VOLCANO (as of 22 February 2021)
Note: Administrative boundaries are approximate and not authoritative.

PROVINCE MUNICIPALITY/CITY BARANGAY

Batangas Agoncillo Banyaga
Batangas Agoncillo Barigon
Batangas Agoncillo Bilibinwang
Batangas Agoncillo Subic Ilaya
Batangas Balete Calawit
Batangas City of Tanauan Maria Paz
Batangas Cuenca Calumayin
Batangas Cuenca Don Juan
Batangas Laurel Balakilong
Batangas Laurel Barangay 1 (pob.)
Batangas Laurel Barangay 2 (pob.)
Batangas Laurel Barangay 3 (pob.)
Batangas Laurel Barangay 4 (pob.)
Batangas Laurel Barangay 5 (pob.)
Batangas Laurel Berinayan
Batangas Laurel Bugaan East
Batangas Laurel Bugaan West
Batangas Laurel Buso-buso
Batangas Laurel Gulod
Batangas Laurel J. Leviste
Batangas Laurel Molinete
Batangas Laurel Ticub
Batangas San Nicolas Alas-as
Batangas San Nicolas Pulang-bato
Batangas Talisay Balas
Batangas Talisay Poblacion Barangay 6
Batangas Talisay Sampaloc
Batangas Talisay Santa Maria

Protocols for Volcanic Eruption - Taal Volcano 57

 ANNEX C. HAZARD MAP FOR TAAL VOLCANO BASE SURGE

58 Protocols for Volcanic Eruption - Taal Volcano

 ANNEX D. BARANGAYS PRONE TO BASE SURGE FROM TAAL VOLCANO (as of 22 February 2021)
Note: Administrative boundaries are approximate and not authoritative.

PROVINCE MUNICIPALITY/CITY BARANGAY

Batangas Agoncillo Adia
Batangas Agoncillo Bagong Sikat
Batangas Agoncillo Balangon
Batangas Agoncillo Bangin
Batangas Agoncillo Banyaga
Batangas Agoncillo Barigon
Batangas Agoncillo Bilibinwang
Batangas Agoncillo Coral Na Munti
Batangas Agoncillo Guitna
Batangas Agoncillo Mabini
Batangas Agoncillo Pamiga
Batangas Agoncillo Panhulan
Batangas Agoncillo Pansipit
Batangas Agoncillo Poblacion
Batangas Agoncillo Pook
Batangas Agoncillo San Jacinto
Batangas Agoncillo Santa Cruz
Batangas Agoncillo San Teodoro
Batangas Agoncillo Santo Tomas
Batangas Agoncillo Subic Ibaba
Batangas Agoncillo Subic Ilaya
Batangas Alitagtag Dominador West
Batangas Alitagtag Pinagkurusan
Batangas Alitagtag Ping-as
Batangas Alitagtag Poblacion East
Batangas Alitagtag Poblacion West
Batangas Alitagtag San Jose
Batangas Alitagtag Santa Cruz
Batangas Alitagtag Tadlac
Batangas Balete Alangilan

Protocols for Volcanic Eruption - Taal Volcano 59

 PROVINCE MUNICIPALITY/CITY BARANGAY
Batangas Balete Calawit
Batangas Balete Looc
Batangas Balete Magapi
Batangas Balete Makina
Batangas Balete Malabanan
Batangas Balete Palsara
Batangas Balete Poblacion
Batangas Balete Sala
Batangas Balete Sampalocan
Batangas Balete San Sebastian
Batangas Balete Solis
Batangas City of Tanauan Ambulong
Batangas City of Tanauan Bagbag
Batangas City of Tanauan Balele
Batangas City of Tanauan Banadero
Batangas City of Tanauan Banjo Laurel (banjo West)
Batangas City of Tanauan Bilog-bilog
Batangas City of Tanauan Boot
Batangas City of Tanauan Gonzales
Batangas City of Tanauan Janopol
Batangas City of Tanauan Janopol Oriental
Batangas City of Tanauan Luyos
Batangas City of Tanauan Mabini
Batangas City of Tanauan Maria Paz
Batangas City of Tanauan Maugat
Batangas City of Tanauan Montaña (ik-ik)
Batangas City of Tanauan Natatas
Batangas City of Tanauan San Jose
Batangas City of Tanauan Santor
Batangas City of Tanauan Talaga
Batangas City of Tanauan Tinurik
Batangas City of Tanauan Wawa

60 Protocols for Volcanic Eruption - Taal Volcano

 PROVINCE MUNICIPALITY/CITY BARANGAY
Batangas Cuenca Balagbag
Batangas Cuenca Barangay 7 (pob.)
Batangas Cuenca Barangay 8 (pob.)
Batangas Cuenca Calumayin
Batangas Cuenca Don Juan
Batangas Cuenca Pinagkaisahan
Batangas Cuenca San Felipe
Batangas Laurel As-is
Batangas Laurel Balakilong
Batangas Laurel Barangay 1 (pob.)
Batangas Laurel Barangay 2 (pob.)
Batangas Laurel Barangay 3 (pob.)
Batangas Laurel Barangay 4 (pob.)
Batangas Laurel Barangay 5 (pob.)
Batangas Laurel Berinayan
Batangas Laurel Bugaan East
Batangas Laurel Bugaan West
Batangas Laurel Buso-buso
Batangas Laurel Gulod
Batangas Laurel J. Leviste
Batangas Laurel Molinete
Batangas Laurel Niyugan
Batangas Laurel Paliparan
Batangas Laurel San Gabriel
Batangas Laurel San Gregorio
Batangas Laurel Santa Maria
Batangas Laurel Ticub
Batangas Lemery Anak-dagat
Batangas Lemery Arumahan
Batangas Lemery Ayao-iyao
Batangas Lemery Bagong Pook
Batangas Lemery Bagong Sikat

Protocols for Volcanic Eruption - Taal Volcano 61

 PROVINCE MUNICIPALITY/CITY BARANGAY
Batangas Lemery Balanga
Batangas Lemery Bukal
Batangas Lemery Cahilan I
Batangas Lemery Cahilan Ii
Batangas Lemery Dayapan
Batangas Lemery District Iii (pob.)
Batangas Lemery District Ii (pob.)
Batangas Lemery District I (pob.)
Batangas Lemery District Iv (pob.)
Batangas Lemery Dita
Batangas Lemery Gulod
Batangas Lemery Lucky
Batangas Lemery Maguihan
Batangas Lemery Mahabang Dahilig
Batangas Lemery Mahayahay
Batangas Lemery Maigsing Dahilig
Batangas Lemery Maligaya
Batangas Lemery Malinis
Batangas Lemery Mataas Na Bayan
Batangas Lemery Matingain I
Batangas Lemery Matingain Ii
Batangas Lemery Niugan
Batangas Lemery Nonong Casto
Batangas Lemery Palanas
Batangas Lemery Payapa Ilaya
Batangas Lemery Rizal
Batangas Lemery Sambal Ibaba
Batangas Lemery Sambal Ilaya
Batangas Lemery Sangalang
Batangas Lemery San Isidro Ibaba
Batangas Lemery San Isidro Itaas
Batangas Lemery Sinisian East

62 Protocols for Volcanic Eruption - Taal Volcano

 PROVINCE MUNICIPALITY/CITY BARANGAY
Batangas Lemery Sinisian West
Batangas Lemery Tubigan
Batangas Lemery Wawa Ibaba
Batangas Lemery Wawa Ilaya
Batangas Lipa City Bagong Pook
Batangas Lipa City Bulaklakan
Batangas Lipa City Duhatan
Batangas Lipa City Halang
Batangas Malvar Bilucao (san Isidro Western)
Batangas Malvar Bulihan
Batangas Malvar San Gregorio
Batangas Malvar San Isidro East
Batangas Malvar San Juan
Batangas Malvar San Pedro Ii (western)
Batangas Mataasnakahoy Bayorbor
Batangas Mataasnakahoy Bubuyan
Batangas Mataasnakahoy Kinalaglagan
Batangas Mataasnakahoy Loob
Batangas Mataasnakahoy Lumang Lipa
Batangas Mataasnakahoy Manggahan
Batangas Mataasnakahoy Nangkaan
Batangas Mataasnakahoy San Sebastian
Batangas Mataasnakahoy Santol
Batangas San Nicolas Abelo
Batangas San Nicolas Alas-as
Batangas San Nicolas Balete
Batangas San Nicolas Baluk-baluk
Batangas San Nicolas Bancoro
Batangas San Nicolas Bangin
Batangas San Nicolas Calangay
Batangas San Nicolas Hipit
Batangas San Nicolas Maabud North

Protocols for Volcanic Eruption - Taal Volcano 63

 PROVINCE MUNICIPALITY/CITY BARANGAY
Batangas San Nicolas Maabud South
Batangas San Nicolas Munlawin
Batangas San Nicolas Pansipit
Batangas San Nicolas Poblacion
Batangas San Nicolas Pulang-bato
Batangas San Nicolas Santo Niño
Batangas San Nicolas Sinturisan
Batangas San Nicolas Tagudtod
Batangas San Nicolas Talang
Batangas Santa Teresita Antipolo
Batangas Santa Teresita Bihis
Batangas Santa Teresita Burol
Batangas Santa Teresita Calayaan
Batangas Santa Teresita Calumala
Batangas Santa Teresita Cuta East
Batangas Santa Teresita Cutang Cawayan
Batangas Santa Teresita Poblacion I
Batangas Santa Teresita Poblacion Ii
Batangas Santa Teresita Poblacion Iii
Batangas Santa Teresita Saimsim
Batangas Santa Teresita Sinipian
Batangas Santa Teresita Tambo Ibaba
Batangas Santa Teresita Tambo Ilaya
Batangas Taal Apacay
Batangas Taal Balisong
Batangas Taal Bihis
Batangas Taal Bolbok
Batangas Taal Buli
Batangas Taal Butong
Batangas Taal Carasuche
Batangas Taal Cawit
Batangas Taal Caysasay

64 Protocols for Volcanic Eruption - Taal Volcano

 PROVINCE MUNICIPALITY/CITY BARANGAY
Batangas Taal Cubamba
Batangas Taal Cultihan
Batangas Taal Gahol
Batangas Taal Halang
Batangas Taal Iba
Batangas Taal Ilog
Batangas Taal Imamawo
Batangas Taal Ipil
Batangas Taal Laguile
Batangas Taal Latag
Batangas Taal Luntal
Batangas Taal Mahabang Lodlod
Batangas Taal Niogan
Batangas Taal Pansol
Batangas Taal Poblacion 1
Batangas Taal Poblacion 10
Batangas Taal Poblacion 11
Batangas Taal Poblacion 12
Batangas Taal Poblacion 13
Batangas Taal Poblacion 14
Batangas Taal Poblacion 2
Batangas Taal Poblacion 3
Batangas Taal Poblacion 4
Batangas Taal Poblacion 5
Batangas Taal Poblacion 6
Batangas Taal Poblacion 7
Batangas Taal Poblacion 8
Batangas Taal Poblacion 9
Batangas Taal Pook
Batangas Taal Seiran
Batangas Taal Tatlong Maria
Batangas Taal Tierra Alta

Protocols for Volcanic Eruption - Taal Volcano 65

 PROVINCE MUNICIPALITY/CITY BARANGAY
Batangas Taal Tulo
Batangas Talisay Aya
Batangas Talisay Balas
Batangas Talisay Banga
Batangas Talisay Buco
Batangas Talisay Caloocan
Batangas Talisay Leynes
Batangas Talisay Miranda
Batangas Talisay Poblacion Barangay 1
Batangas Talisay Poblacion Barangay 2
Batangas Talisay Poblacion Barangay 3
Batangas Talisay Poblacion Barangay 4
Batangas Talisay Poblacion Barangay 5
Batangas Talisay Poblacion Barangay 6
Batangas Talisay Poblacion Barangay 7
Batangas Talisay Poblacion Barangay 8
Batangas Talisay Quiling
Batangas Talisay Sampaloc
Batangas Talisay San Guillermo
Batangas Talisay Santa Maria
Batangas Talisay Tranca
Batangas Talisay Tumaway
Cavite Tagaytay City Bagong Tubig
Cavite Tagaytay City Kaybagal South (pob.)
Cavite Tagaytay City Maharlika East
Cavite Tagaytay City Maharlika West
Cavite Tagaytay City Sambong
Cavite Tagaytay City San Jose
Cavite Tagaytay City Silang Junction South
Cavite Tagaytay City Tolentino East

66 Protocols for Volcanic Eruption - Taal Volcano

 ANNEX E. HAZARD MAPS FOR TAAL VOLCANO TSUNAMI AND FISSURING

Protocols for Volcanic Eruption - Taal Volcano 67

 ANNEX F. BARANGAYS PRONE TO VOLCANIC TSUNAMI FROM TAAL VOLCANO (as of 22 February 2021)
Note: Administrative boundaries are approximate and not authoritative.

PROVINCE MUNICIPALITY/CITY BARANGAY

Batangas Agoncillo Adia
Batangas Agoncillo Bagong Sikat
Batangas Agoncillo Bangin
Batangas Agoncillo Banyaga
Batangas Agoncillo Bilibinwang
Batangas Agoncillo Guitna
Batangas Agoncillo Panhulan
Batangas Agoncillo Pansipit
Batangas Agoncillo Pook
Batangas Agoncillo Santa Cruz
Batangas Agoncillo San Teodoro
Batangas Agoncillo Santo Tomas
Batangas Agoncillo Subic Ibaba
Batangas Agoncillo Subic Ilaya
Batangas Alitagtag Ping-as
Batangas Alitagtag Poblacion East
Batangas Alitagtag Poblacion West
Batangas Alitagtag Santa Cruz
Batangas Alitagtag Tadlac
Batangas Balete Calawit
Batangas Balete Looc
Batangas Balete Magapi
Batangas Balete Makina
Batangas Balete Malabanan
Batangas Balete Palsara
Batangas Balete Poblacion
Batangas Balete Sala
Batangas Balete Sampalocan
Batangas Balete San Sebastian
Batangas Balete Solis

68 Protocols for Volcanic Eruption - Taal Volcano

 PROVINCE MUNICIPALITY/CITY BARANGAY
Batangas City of Tanauan Ambulong
Batangas City of Tanauan Bagbag
Batangas City of Tanauan Balele
Batangas City of Tanauan Banadero
Batangas City of Tanauan Banjo Laurel (Banjo West)
Batangas City of Tanauan Boot
Batangas City of Tanauan Gonzales
Batangas City of Tanauan Janopol
Batangas City of Tanauan Maria Paz
Batangas City of Tanauan Maugat
Batangas City of Tanauan Talaga
Batangas City of Tanauan Wawa
Batangas Cuenca Calumayin
Batangas Cuenca Don Juan
Batangas Cuenca San Felipe
Batangas Laurel As-is
Batangas Laurel Balakilong
Batangas Laurel Barangay 1 (pob.)
Batangas Laurel Barangay 2 (pob.)
Batangas Laurel Barangay 3 (pob.)
Batangas Laurel Barangay 4 (pob.)
Batangas Laurel Barangay 5 (pob.)
Batangas Laurel Berinayan
Batangas Laurel Bugaan East
Batangas Laurel Bugaan West
Batangas Laurel Buso-buso
Batangas Laurel Gulod
Batangas Laurel J. Leviste
Batangas Laurel Molinete
Batangas Laurel Paliparan

Protocols for Volcanic Eruption - Taal Volcano 69

 PROVINCE MUNICIPALITY/CITY BARANGAY
Batangas Laurel San Gabriel
Batangas Laurel Ticub
Batangas Lemery Ayao-iyao
Batangas Lemery District Iv (pob.)
Batangas Lemery Malinis
Batangas Lemery Palanas
Batangas Lemery Sambal Ilaya
Batangas Lemery Sangalang
Batangas Lipa City Bagong Pook
Batangas Lipa City Bulaklakan
Batangas Lipa City Duhatan
Batangas Lipa City Halang
Batangas Malvar Bilucao (san Isidro Western)
Batangas Malvar San Gregorio
Batangas Mataasnakahoy Kinalaglagan
Batangas Mataasnakahoy Lumang Lipa
Batangas Mataasnakahoy Manggahan
Batangas Mataasnakahoy Nangkaan
Batangas San Nicolas Abelo
Batangas San Nicolas Alas-as
Batangas San Nicolas Balete
Batangas San Nicolas Baluk-baluk
Batangas San Nicolas Bancoro
Batangas San Nicolas Bangin
Batangas San Nicolas Calangay
Batangas San Nicolas Maabud North
Batangas San Nicolas Pansipit
Batangas San Nicolas Poblacion
Batangas San Nicolas Pulang-bato
Batangas San Nicolas Tagudtod

70 Protocols for Volcanic Eruption - Taal Volcano

 PROVINCE MUNICIPALITY/CITY BARANGAY
Batangas San Nicolas Talang
Batangas Santa Teresita Antipolo
Batangas Santa Teresita Calumala
Batangas Santa Teresita Cuta East
Batangas Santa Teresita Cutang Cawayan
Batangas Santa Teresita Poblacion I
Batangas Santa Teresita Saimsim
Batangas Santa Teresita Tambo Ibaba
Batangas Santa Teresita Tambo Ilaya
Batangas Taal Apacay
Batangas Taal Cawit
Batangas Taal Laguile
Batangas Talisay Aya
Batangas Talisay Balas
Batangas Talisay Banga
Batangas Talisay Buco
Batangas Talisay Caloocan
Batangas Talisay Leynes
Batangas Talisay Poblacion Barangay 1
Batangas Talisay Poblacion Barangay 2
Batangas Talisay Poblacion Barangay 3
Batangas Talisay Poblacion Barangay 4
Batangas Talisay Poblacion Barangay 5
Batangas Talisay Poblacion Barangay 6
Batangas Talisay Poblacion Barangay 7
Batangas Talisay Poblacion Barangay 8
Batangas Talisay Quiling
Batangas Talisay Sampaloc
Batangas Talisay Santa Maria
Batangas Talisay Tumaway

Protocols for Volcanic Eruption - Taal Volcano 71

 ANNEX G. PRELIMINARY FISSURES MAP OF BATANGAS

72 Protocols for Volcanic Eruption - Taal Volcano

 REFERENCES
Batangas Provincial Disaster Risk Reduction and Management
Office. ConPlan Bulkan: Contingency Plan for Taal Municipality of San Nicolas, Batangas. Contingency Plan. Undated.
Volcano Eruption. 2017.
National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council.
Cavite Provincial Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Office. National Disaster Response Plan Consequence
Cavite-Batangas Emergency Plan for Taal Volcano Management for Terrorism-related Incidents. Undated.
Eruption. 2020.
National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council,
Delos Reyes, et al. A synthesis and review of historical eruptions at Department of Social Welfare and Development,
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