Leica TPS400 Series

User Manual

Version 4.0
English
Electronical Total Station Symbols used in this manual
Congratulations on your purchase of a new The symbols used in this User Manual have the
Leica Geosystems Total Station. following meanings:
This manual contains important safety
directions as well as instructions for  DANGER
Indicates an imminently hazardous situation
setting up the product and operating it. which, if not avoided, will result in death or serious
Refer to "Safety Directions" for further injury.
information.
Read carefully through the User Manual
before you switch on the product.
 WARNING
Indicates a potentially hazardous situation
or an unintended use which, if not avoided, could
result in death or serious injury.

Product identification  CAUTION

Indicates a potentially hazardous situation
The model and the serial number of your product is
or an unintended use which, if not avoided, may
indicated on the type plate. result in minor or moderate injury and / or appre-
Enter the model and the serial number in your ciable material, financial and environmental
manual and always refer to this information when damage.
you need to contact your agency or Leica Geosys-
tems authorized service workshop. ) Important paragraphs which must be
adhered to in practice as they enable the product to
be used in a technically correct and efficient manner.
Type: ____________ Serial no.: ____________

TPS400-4.0.0en 2
Trademarks
• Windows is a registered trademark of Microsoft
Corporation
• Bluetooth is a registered trademark of Bluetooth
SIG, Inc.
All other trademarks are the property of their respec-
tive owners.

3 TPS400-4.0.0en
Validity of this manual
Description
General This manual applies to all TPS400 Series instruments. Where there are differences between
the various models they are clearly described.
Telescope In regard to the instrument EDM, a TPS400 instrument may be equipped with one of two
types of telescopes, which offer the same performance but differ in some technical details.
The two different types can be distinguished by a rectangular (telescope type 1) or round
(telescope type 2) shaped element, which is visible in the centre of the objective lens.
Where there are technical differences between the two telescope types they are marked by
the following pictograms, referring to the first or second type described above:
Telescope Type 1
• When measuring distances to a reflector with EDM mode "IR" this telescope type uses
a wide infrared laser beam, which emerges coaxially from the telescope's objective.
• Instruments that are equipped with a reflectorless EDM additionally offer the EDM
modes "RL" and "RL-Prism". When using these EDM modes a narrow visible red laser
beam is used to measure distances.

TPS400-4.0.0en 4
Description
Telescope Type 2
• When measuring distances to a reflector with EDM mode "IR" this telescope type uses
a wide visible red laser beam, which emerges coaxially from the telescope's objective.
• Instruments that are equipped with a reflectorless EDM additionally offer the EDM
modes "RL" and "RL-Prism". When using these EDM modes a narrow visible red laser
beam is used to measure distances.

5 TPS400-4.0.0en
Contents - Overview
Introduction .................................................. 10 Care and Storage ..................................... 103
Operating the product ............................. 19 Safety Directions...................................... 112
Measuring Preparation / Setting up .. 27 Technical Data........................................... 137
FNC Key.......................................................... 44 Index............................................................... 147
Programs ....................................................... 50
Settings........................................................... 81
EDM Settings ............................................... 86
File Management ........................................ 91
Start-up sequence ..................................... 94
Calibrations .................................................. 95
COMM Parameters .................................... 99
Data Transfer ............................................. 100
System Info ................................................. 101
Instrument Protection with PIN......... 102
TPS400-4.0.0en 6 Contents - Overview
Contents
Introduction .................................................. 10 Menu tree........................................................ 26
Special features ............................................. 11
Important parts............................................... 12 Measuring Preparation / Setting up .. 27
Technical terms and abbreviations ............ 13 Unpacking ....................................................... 27
Area of applicability ....................................... 16 Inserting / Replacing Battery ....................... 28
PC Program Package External power supply for total
Leica Geo Office Tools (LGO-Tools) ......... 16 station .............................................................. 29
Installation on the PC ..................................... 16 Setting up the tripod...................................... 30
Program content............................................. 16 Instrument Setup ........................................... 32
Power Supply ................................................. 18 Levelling up with
the electronic level step-by-step ................. 34
Operating the product ............................. 19 Laser intensity ................................................ 35
Keypad ............................................................ 19 Hints for positioning ...................................... 35
Fixed keys ...................................................... 20 Input mode - method 1 ................................. 36
Trigger key...................................................... 20 Input mode - method 2 ................................. 36
Selection of Language.................................. 20 Edit mode........................................................ 37
Distance measurement ................................ 21 Erasing characters ......................................... 37
Softkeys .......................................................... 24 Inserting characters........................................ 38
Symbols .......................................................... 25 Numerical and Alphanumerical input ......... 39
Status symbol "EDM type" ............................. 25 Pointsearch .................................................... 41
Status symbol "Battery capacity" ................... 25 Wildcard search ............................................. 42
Status symbol "Compensator" ....................... 25 Measuring ....................................................... 43
Status symbol "Offset" ................................... 25

Contents 7 TPS400-4.0.0en
FNC Key.......................................................... 44 Construction ................................................... 77
Light On /Off ................................................... 44 Coding ............................................................. 79
Level/Plummet ............................................... 44 Settings........................................................... 81
IR/ RL Toggle ................................................. 44
Laser Pointer .................................................. 44 EDM Settings ............................................... 86
Free-Coding ................................................... 44
Units................................................................. 44 File Management ........................................ 91
Delete Last Record ....................................... 45 Start-up sequence ..................................... 94
Lock with PIN ................................................. 45
Target Offset .................................................. 45 Calibrations .................................................. 95
Height Transfer .............................................. 47 Line-of-sight error (Hz-collimation)............. 96
Hidden Point ................................................... 48 V-Index (Vertical index error) ...................... 96
Programs ....................................................... 50 COMM Parameters .................................... 99
Application pre-settings ................................ 50
Setting job ...................................................... 50 Data Transfer ............................................. 100
Setting Station................................................ 51
Orientation...................................................... 52 System Info ................................................. 101
Applications .................................................... 56 Instrument Protection with PIN......... 102
Introduction .................................................... 56
Surveying ....................................................... 56 Care and Storage ..................................... 103
Stake out ........................................................ 57 Transport ...................................................... 103
Free Station.................................................... 60
In the field..................................................... 103
Reference Line............................................... 66 Inside vehicle ............................................... 104
Tie Distance ................................................... 72
Area & Volume ............................................... 74 Shipping ....................................................... 104
Remote Height ............................................... 76 Storage.......................................................... 104

TPS400-4.0.0en 8 Contents
 Batteries ....................................................... 105 Technical Data........................................... 137
Cleaning ....................................................... 106 Atmospheric correction .............................. 143
Checking and adjusting .............................. 107 Reduction formulae ...................................... 145
Tripod ........................................................... 107
Circular level ................................................ 107 Index............................................................... 147
Circular level on the tribrach ........................ 108
Laser plummet ............................................. 108
Chapter validity .......................................... 109
Reflectorless EDM ....................................... 109
Safety Directions...................................... 112
Intended Use ................................................ 112
Permitted use ............................................... 112
Adverse use ................................................. 112
Limits of Use ................................................ 113
Responsibilities ............................................ 114
International Waranty, Software Licence
Agreement .................................................... 115
Hazards of Use ............................................ 116
Laser classification...................................... 120
Integrated Distancer,
Measurements with Reflectors (IR mode) 120
Integrated Distancer, Measurements
without Reflectors (RL mode) ................... 123
Electronic Guide Light EGL.......................... 129
Laser plummet ............................................. 130
Electromagnetic Compatibility EMC ........ 133
FCC Statement (Applicable in U.S.) ........ 135

Contents 9 TPS400-4.0.0en
Introduction
The Leica Geosystems TPS400 is a high-quality
electronic total station designed for the construction
site.
Its innovative technology makes the daily surveying
jobs easier.
The product is ideally suited for simple construction
surveys and setting out tasks.
The easy operation of the product functions can be
learned without problems in no time.

TC400Z1

TPS400-4.0.0en 10 Introduction
Special features
• Easy and quickly to learn !
• Interactive keys; with large and clear LCD.
• Small, light-weight and easy-to-use.
• Measurements without reflector with the inte-
grated visible laser beam (TCR products).
• Additional trigger key on side cover.
• Continuous drives for horizontal and vertical
angles (tangent screws).
• With laser plummet as standard.

Introduction 11 TPS400-4.0.0en
Important parts
1) Optical sight
2) Integrated guide light EGL (optional)
3) Vertical drive
4) Battery
5) Battery stand for GEB111
6) Battery cover
7) Eyepiece; focussing graticule
8) Focussing telescope image
9) Detachable carrying handle with mounting
screws
10) Serial interface RS232
11) Foot screw
12) Objective with integrated Electronic Distance
Measurement (EDM); Beam exit
13) Display
14) Keyboard
15) Circular level
16) On/Off key
17) Trigger key
Instrument with EGL Instrument without EGL 18) Horizontal drive
TC400Z2

TPS400-4.0.0en 12 Introduction
Technical terms and abbreviations
ZA = Line of sight / collimation axis
Telescope axis = line from the reticle to the centre
of the objective.
SA = Standing axis
Vertical rotation axis of the telescope.
KA = Tilting axis
Horizontal rotation axis of the telescope (Trunion
axis).
V = Vertical angle / zenith angle
VK = Vertical circle
With coded circular division for reading the V-angle.
Hz = Horizontal direction
TC400Z3
HK = Horizontal circle
With coded circular division for reading the Hz-
angle.

Introduction 13 TPS400-4.0.0en
 Standing axis inclination Plumb line / Compensator
Angle between plumb line and Direction of gravity. The compen-
standing axis. Standing axis tilt is sator defines the plumb line within
not an product error and is not elim- the product.
inated by measuring in both faces.
Any possible influence it may have
on the Hz-direction resp. V-angle is
elliminated by the dual axis Zenith
compensator. Point on the plumb line above the
Line-of-sight error (Hz-collima- observer.
tion)
The line-of-sight error is the devia-
tion from the perpendicular
between tilting axis and line-of-
sight. This could be eleminated by
Reticle
measuring in both faces. Glass plate within the telescope
V-Index (Vertical index error) with reticle.
With horizontal line-of-sight the V-
circle reading should be exactly
90°(100gon). The deviation from
this values is termed V-index (i).

TPS400-4.0.0en 14 Introduction
 Indicated meteorological corrected slope
distance between product tilting axis and
centre of prism/laser spot (TCR).
Indicated meteorological corrected hori-
zontal distance.
Height difference between station and
target point.
hr Reflector height above ground
hi product height above ground
E0 Station coordinate (Easting)
N0 Station coordinate (Northing)
H0 Station height
E Easting of target point
N Northing of target point
H Height of target point

TC400Z4

Introduction 15 TPS400-4.0.0en
 For the installation call program "setup.exe" in the
Area of applicability directory \LGO-Tools on the CD-ROM and follow
This User Manual is valid for all products of the the input instructions of the installation program.
TPS400 Series. Program content
After successful installation the following programs
PC Program Package appear:
Leica Geo Office Tools (LGO-Tools) Tools
The program package LGO-Tools is used for the • Data Exchange Manager
data exchange between the Total Station and the For data exchange of coordinates, measure-
PC. It contains several auxiliary programs in order to ments, codelists and output formats between
support your use of the product. product and PC.
Installation on the PC • Coordinate Editor
Import/Export as well as creating and
The installation program can be found on the CD-
processing of coordinate files.
ROM supplied. Please note that LGO-Tools can
• Codelist Manager
only be installed on computers with MS Windows
For creating and processing of codelists.
98, 2000 or XP operating systems.
• Software Upload
) Any previous versions of LGO-Tools on
your computer must be uninstalled first before
For loading system software and EDM-software.

installing the new version. ) For EDM Software upload only LGO/LGO-
Tools Software Version 3.0 or higher must be used
for error free operation.

TPS400-4.0.0en 16 Introduction
Not using the correct upload Software can perma-
nently damage the instrument.

) Before the Software Upload, always insert a

charged battery into the product.
• Format Manager
For creating of own, special formatted data
output files.
• Configuration Manager
Import/Export as well as creating of product
configuration.

) For more informationen about LGO-Tools

refer to the comprehensive Online Help.

Introduction 17 TPS400-4.0.0en
 1 GEB121
Power Supply 2 GEB111
Use the Leica Geosystems batteries, chargers and 3 Single cells in the battery adapter GAD39
accessories or accessories recommended by Leica
Geosystems to ensure the correct functionality of Your Leica Geosystems product is powered by
the product. rechargeable plug-in batteries. For this product, we
Power for the product can be supplied either inter- recommend the basic battery (GEB111) or the Pro
nally or externally. An external battery is connected battery (GEB121). Optionally six single cells can be
to the product using a LEMO cable. used with the GAD39 battery adapter.
• Internal battery: Six single cell batteries (1.5 V each) supply 9 Volts.
One GEB111 or 121 battery fit in the battery The voltmeter on the product is designed for a
compartment. voltage of 6 Volts (GEB111/ GEB121).
• External battery:
One GEB171 battery connected via cable. ) The battery charge is not displayed correctly
when using single cells. Use the single cells with the
battery adapter as emergency power supply. The
advantage of the single cells is in a lower rate of
discharge even over long periods.

TPS400-4.0.0en 18 Introduction
Operating the product
The on / off key is located on the side cover of the 1) Focus
TPS400. Actively measured field.

) All shown displays are examples. It is

possible that local software versions are different to
2) Symbols
3) Fixed keys
the basic version. Keys with firmly assigned functions.
4) Navigation keys
Keypad Control of input bar in edit and input mode or
control of focus bar.
5) Function keys
Are assigned the variable functions displayed at
the bottom of the screen.
6) Softkey bar
Displays functions that can be called up with the
function keys.

TC400Z5

Operating the product 19 TPS400-4.0.0en

Fixed keys
[PAGE] Scrolls to next page when a dialogue-
Trigger key
consists of several pages. The measurement trigger has three settings (ALL,
[MENU] Accesses programs, settings, the data DIST, OFF).
manager, adjustments, communica- The key can be activated in the configuration menu.
tions parameters,system information
and data transfer. Selection of Language
[USER] Key, programmable with function from After switching on the instrument the user is able to
the FNC menu. choose his preferred language.
[FNC] Quick-access to measurement- The dialog to choose the language is only shown if
supporting functions. two languages are loaded onto the instrument and
[ESC] Quit a dialog or the edit mode with acti- Lang.choice: On is set in Settings dialog.
vation of the "previous" value. Return to To load an additional language connect the instru-
next heigher level. ment to LGO Tools Version 4.0 or higher via the
Confirm an input; continue to the next serial interface and load using "LGO Tools - Soft-
field. ware Upload".

TPS400-4.0.0en 20 Operating the product

 If e.g. people, cars, animals, swaying branches, etc.
Distance measurement cross the laser beam while a measurement is being
A laser distancer (EDM) is incorporated into the taken, a fraction of the laser beam is reflected and
products of the TPS400 series. may lead to incorrect distance values.
In all versions, the distance can be determined by Avoid interrupting the measuring beam while taking
using a laser beam which emerges coaxially from reflectorless measurements or measurements using
the telescope objective. reflective foils. Measurements to prism reflectors are

) Measurements to strongly reflecting

targets such as to traffic lights in Reflector EDM
only critical if an object crosses the measuring beam
at a distance of 0 to 30m and the distance to be
mode without prism should be avoided. The measured is more than 300m.
measured distances may be wrong or inaccu- In practice, because the measuring time is very
rate. short, the user can always find a way of avoiding
For applications without reflector, a special arrange- these critical situations.
ment of the EDM, and appropriate arrangement of
the beam paths, enable ranges of over five kilome- ) Very short distances may be measured
reflectorless in IR mode to well reflecting targets.
tres to be attained with standard prisms. Note that the distances are corrected with the addi-
Miniprisms, 360° reflectors and reflector tapes can tive constant defined for the active reflector.
also be used, and measurement is also possible
without a reflector.

) When a distance measurement is trig-

gered, the EDM measures to the object which is
in the beam path at that moment.

Operating the product 21 TPS400-4.0.0en

 Reflectorless

) Be sure that the laser beam is not reflected

by anything close to the line of sight (e.g. highly
reflective objects).

) When a distance measurement is triggered,

the EDM measures to the object which is in the
beam path at that moment. In case of temporary
obstruction (e.g. a passing vehicle, heavy rain, fog
or snow) the EDM may measure to the obstruction.

)
TC400Z6
When measuring longer distances, any
Incorrect result divergence of the red laser beam from the line of
sight might lead to less accurate measurements.
This is because the laser beam might not be
reflected from the point at which the crosshairs are
pointing.
Therefore, it is recommended to verify that the R-
laser is well collimated with the telescope line of
sight (refer to the chapter "Checking and adjusting").

) Do not measure with two products to the

same target simultaneously.
TC400Z7

Correct result

TPS400-4.0.0en 22 Operating the product

Red laser to prisms

) Accurate measurements to prisms should

be made with the standard program (Reflector EDM
mode).
Red laser to reflector tape
The visible red laser beam can be used to measure
to reflective foils, also. To guarantee the accuracy
the red laser beam must be perpendicular to the
reflector tape and it must be well adjusted (refer to
the chapter "Checking and adjusting").

) Make sure the additive constant belongs to

the selected target (reflector).

Operating the product 23 TPS400-4.0.0en

 General softkeys:
Softkeys [ALL] Starts distance and angle measure-
ments and saves measured values.
[DIST] Starts distance and angle measure-
ments without saving measured values.
[REC] Saves displayed values.
[ENTER] Deletes current value in the display and
is ready for the input of a new value.
[ENH] Opens the coordinate input mode.
[LIST] Displays the list of available points.
[FIND] Starts the search for the point entered.
[EDM] Displays EDM settings.
[IR/RL] Toggles between reflector and reflector-
less measurement modes.
[PREV] Back to last active dialog.
[NEXT] Continue to next dialog.
TC400Z8
Returns to highest softkey level.
Under softkeys, a selection of commands and func-
tions is listed at the bottom of the screen. They can To next softkey level.
be activated with the corresponding function keys. [OK] Set displayed message or dialog and
The available scope of each function depends on quit dialog.
the applications / functions currently active.
) Find further information about menu/appli-
cationspecific buttons in the relevant sections.

TPS400-4.0.0en 24 Operating the product

 Status symbol "EDM type"
Symbols Reflector EDM mode for measuring to
Depending on software version different symbols prisms and reflective targets.
are displayed indicating a particular operating Reflectorless EDM for measuring to all
status. targets.
A double arrow indicates choice fields.
Status symbol "Battery capacity"
Using the navigation keys the The battery symbol indicates the level of
desired parameter can be the remaining battery capacity (75% full
selected. shown in the example).
Quits a selection with the enter Status symbol "Compensator"
key or the navigation keys. Compensator is on.
Indicates that several pages are avail-
able which can be selected with Compensator is off.
[PAGE].
Indicates telescope position I or II. Status symbol "Offset"
Indicates that Hz is set to "left side angle ! Offset is active.
measurement" (anti-clockwise).

Operating the product 25 TPS400-4.0.0en

Menu tree —— File Management
—— Job
[MENU] > - Confirm menu selection. —— Fixpoints
—— Measurements
[PAGE] Scroll to next page. —— Codes

) Depending on user interface sequence and

arrangement of menu items may be different.
—— Initialize Memory
—— Memory Statistic
Menu (page 2)
Menu (page 1) —— Calibrations
—— Programs —— Hz-Collimation
—— Surveying —— V-Index
—— Setting out —— View Calibration Data
—— Free Station —— Communication Parameters
—— Reference line —— Baudrate
—— Tie Distance —— Databits
—— Area (plan) —— Parity
—— Remote Height —— Endmark
—— Construction —— Stopbits
—— Settings —— Data Transfer
—— Contrast, Trigger Key, USER key, V-Setting, —— Job
Tilt Correction —— Data
—— Sector Beep, Beep, Hz Incrementation, —— Format
Reticle Illumin., DSP Heater —— System Info
—— Data Output, GSI 8/16, Mask 1/2, —— Battery
Hz Collimation, Auto-Off, Language —— Instrument temperature
—— Min. Reading, Angle Unit, Distance Unit, —— Date
Temperature, Pressure —— Time
—— EDM Settings —— Start-up sequence
—— EDM-Mode
—— Prism Type
—— Prism Constant —— PIN Protection
—— Laser Pointer
—— Guide Light
TC400Z9 TC400Z10

TPS400-4.0.0en 26 Operating the product

Measuring Preparation / Setting up
1) Data cable (optional)
Unpacking 2) Zenith eyepiece or eyepiece for steep angles
Remove TPS400 from transport case and check for (optional)
completeness: 3) Counterweight for eyepiece for steep angles
(optional)
4) Removable tribrach (optional)
5) Battery charger and accessories (optional)
6) Two Allen keys each, Adjusting pins
7) Battery GEB111 (optional)
8) Sun filter (optional)
9) Battery GEB121 (optional)
10) Mains adapter for battery charger (optional)
11) Spacing bracket GHT 196 for product height
meter (optional)
12) product height meter GHM 007 (optional)
13) Mini prism rod (optional)
k
lko
öm
om o
dlk
olm kok okd
odk ojo
kdkj
u ng jkm diü k9
leit
zan 300 klk
Kur TCokl kod
klk

14) Total station

15) Mini prism + holder (optional)
16) Mini target plate (only for TCR products)
17) User Manual
18) Protective cover / Lens hood
TC400Z11 19) Tip for mini prism (optional)

Measuring Preparation / 27 TPS400-4.0.0en

Setting up
Inserting / Replacing Battery

TC400Z14
3. Insert battery into battery holder.

TC400Z12
1. Remove battery holder.
TC400Z15
4. Insert battery holder into product.

) Insert battery correctly (note pole markings

on the inside of the battery holder). Check and insert
battery holder true to side into the housing.
• To charge the battery refer to chapter "Charging
the batteries".
• For the type of battery refer to chapter "Tech-
nical data".

2. Remove battery.
TC400Z13
) When using the GEB121 battery, remove the
spacer for the GEB111 from the battery compartment.

TPS400-4.0.0en 28 Measuring Preparation /

Setting up
)
•
Primary use/charging
The batteries must be charged prior to using for External power supply for total
the first time because it is delivered with an station
energy content as low as possible.
To meet the conditions stipulated for electromag-
• For new batteries or batteries that have been
netic acceptability when powering the TPS400 from
stored for a long time (> three months), it is
an external source, the supply cable used must be
effectual to make 2 - 5 charge/discharge cycles.
equipped with a ferrite core.
• The permissible temperature range for charging
is between 0°C to +35°C / +32°F to +95°F. For
optimal charging we recommend a low ambient
) The Lemo plug with the ferrite core always
has to be attached at the product side.
temperature of +10°C to +20°C / +50°F to
+68°F.

) Operation/Discharging
The batteries can be operated from -20°C to
+55°C/-4°F to +131°F. TC400Z16
Low operating temperatures reduce the capacity The cables supplied along with your product include
that can be drawn; very high operating temperatures a ferrite core as standard.
reduce the service life of the battery. If you are using older cables without ferrite core, it's
necessary to attach ferrite cores to the cable.
If you need additional ferrite cores, please contact
your local Leica Geosystems agency. The spare-
part number of the ferrite core is 703 707.

Measuring Preparation / 29 TPS400-4.0.0en

Setting up
 Setting up the tripod

TC400Z17
For assembling open up one ferrite core and clip it
around the supply cable, about 2cm away from the
Lemo plug, before using the supply cable for the first
time together with a TPS400 product.

TC400Z18

TPS400-4.0.0en 30 Measuring Preparation /

Setting up
1. Loosen the clamping screws on the tripod legs,
pull out to the required length and tighten the
clamps.
2. In order to guarantee a firm foothold sufficiently
press the tripod legs into the ground. When
pressing the legs into the ground note that the
force must be applied along the legs.

TC400Z20

Careful handling of tripod

• Check all screws and bolts for correct fit.
• During transport always use the cover supplied.
• Use the tripod only for surveying tasks.
TC400Z19

) When setting up the tripod pay attention to a

horizontal position of the tripod plate.
Slight corrections of inclination can be made with the
foot screws of the tribrach. Larger corrections must
be done with the tripod legs.

) When using a tribrach with an optical

plummet, the laser plummet cannot be used.

Measuring Preparation / 31 TPS400-4.0.0en

Setting up
Instrument Setup
Description
This topic describes an instrument setup over a
marked ground point using the laser plummet. It is
always possible to set up the instrument without the
need for a marked ground point.

) •
Important features:
It is always recommended to shield the
instrument from direct sunlight and avoid
uneven temperatures around the instru-
ment.
• The laser plummet described in this topic is
built into the vertical axis of the instrument.
It projects a red spot onto the ground,
making it appreciably easier to centre the
instrument.
• The laser plummet cannot be used in
conjunction with a tribrach equipped with an
optical plummet.

TPS400-4.0.0en 32 Measuring Preparation /

Setting up
Setup step-by-step 3. Turn on the instrument and switch on the laser
plummet and electronic level by pressing [FNC]
7 > [Level/Plummet].
2 4. Move the tripod legs (1) and use the tribrach
footscrews (6) to centre the plummet (4) over
3 the ground point.
5. Adjust the tripod legs to level the circular level
6 (7).
6. By using the electronic level turn the tribrach
footscrews (6) to precisely level the instrument.

1
1
5 4
5
) Refer to "Levelling up with the electronic
level step-by-step" for more information.
7. Centre the instrument precisely over the ground
1 5 point (4) by shifting the tribrach on the tripod
plate (2).
8. Repeat steps 6. and 7. until the required accu-
TC400Z21 racy is achieved.
1. Extend the tripod legs to allow for a comfortable
working posture. Position the tripod over the
marked ground point, centring it as well as
possible.
2. Fasten the tribrach and instrument onto the
tripod.

Measuring Preparation / 33 TPS400-4.0.0en

Setting up
 rotating the footscrews. When the electronic
Levelling up with the electronic level level is centred the arrows are replaced by
step-by-step checkmarks.
The electronic level can be used to precisely level up 5. Centre the elec-
the instrument using the footscrews of the tribrach. tronic level for the
1. Turn on the instrument and switch on the elec- second axis by
tronic level by pressing [FNC] > [Level/ turning the last
Plummet]. footscrew. An
2. Centre the circular level approximately by arrow shows the
turning the footscrews of the tribrach. direction for
rotating the footscrew. When the electronic level
) The bubble of the electronic level and
the arrows for the rotating direction of the foot-
is centred the arrow is replaced by a checkmark.
screws only appear if the instrument tilt is inside
a certain levelling range.
) When the
electronic level is
3. Turn the instrument until it is parallel to two foot- centred and three
screws. checkmarks are
4. Centre the elec- shown, the instru-
tronic level of this ment has been
axis by turning the perfectly leveled
two footscrews. up.
Arrows show the 6. Accept with OK.
direction for

TPS400-4.0.0en 34 Measuring Preparation /

Setting up
Laser intensity Hints for positioning
Changing the laser intensity
External influences and the surface conditions may
require the adjustment of the intensity of the laser.
The laser can be adjusted in 25% steps as required.

TC400Z22
TC400Z23

Positioning over pipes or depressions

Under some circumstances the laser spot is not
visible (e.g. over pipes). In this case, the laser spot
can be made visible by using a transparent plate so
the the laser spot can be easily aligned to the centre
of the pipe.

Measuring Preparation / 35 TPS400-4.0.0en

Setting up
Input mode - method 1 Input mode - method 2
In entry mode, enter text or numeric values. In entry mode, enter text or numeric values.
PtId: PtId:

F1 1234 5678 90. + -

F2 *ABC DEFG HIJK LMNO *ABC DEFG HIJK LMNO
F3 PQRS TUVW XYZ_ .$ !
F4 &?#@ %*/ F1 F2 F3 F4

TC400Z25
TC400Z24

[INPUT] 1. Delete entry, display numeric/ alpha- [INPUT] 1. The full range of available charac-
numeric softkey bar. The cursor indi- ters are displayed on the screen.
cates that the product is ready for - 2. Selection of range of characters/
input. range of numbers.
- 2. Selection of range of characters/ Proceed with steps 3 and 4 from method 1.

[>>>]
range of numbers.
Additional characters/ numbers. ) The method you like to use can be set in the
settings.
- 3. Select the desired character. Char-
acter shifts to the left.
4. Confirm entry.
[ESC] Deletes input and restores previous
value.

TPS400-4.0.0en 36 Measuring Preparation /

Setting up
 Erasing characters
Edit mode 1. Place cursor on character to be
Existing characters are changed in the edit mode. deleted.
2. Pressing the navigation key deletes
Info4: PREP Info4: PROP the relevant character.
3. Confirm input.
TC400Z26 [ESC] Deletes the change and restores the
1. Start edit mode. Vertical edit bar is previous value.
positioned flush right.
Edit bar is positioned flush left.

- 2. Select range of characters/ range of

numbers.
[>>>] Addional characters / numbers.

- 3. Overwrite existing characters.

4. Confirm input.
[ESC] Deletes change and restores
previous value.

Measuring Preparation / 37 TPS400-4.0.0en

Setting up
Inserting characters
If a character was skipped (e.g. -15 instead of -125)
you can insert it later.

TC400Z27

1. Place cursor on "1".

2. Inserts an empty character on the

right of "1".

- 3. Select range of characters /range of

numbers.

- 4. Select relevant character.

5. Confirm input.

TPS400-4.0.0en 38 Measuring Preparation /

Setting up
 Numerical input
Numerical and Alphanumerical input
Input is made with the softkey bar and the assigned
function keys.
Position the marker in the relevant field.
[INPUT] 1. Calls up the input dialogue.
- 2. Select range of characters /range of
numbers.
[>>>] Additional characters / numbers.
3. Confirm input.
TC400Z28

) Selection is limited to valid digits for entries,

that due to their display characteristics, fall into a
Alphanumerical input

certain range (e.g. angles in degrees).

TC400Z29

Measuring Preparation / 39 TPS400-4.0.0en

Setting up
Character set
Entry mode contains the following characters for The character entry "*" can be used in data fields
numeric and alphanumeric input. where point numbers or codes can be searched for.
Signs
Numerical Alphanumerical
+/- In the alphanumeric character set "+" and "-" are
"+" (ASCII 43) " " (ASCII 32) [space] treated as normal alphanumeric characters with
"-" (ASCII 45) "!" (ASCII 33)
"." (ASCII 46) "#" (ASCII 35) no mathematical function.
"0-9" (ASCII 48 - 57) "$" (ASCII 36)
"%" (ASCII 37) Additional characters
"&" (ASCII 38) * Place holder during Wildcard point search (see
"(" (ASCII 40) chapter "Wildcard search").
")" (ASCII 41)
"*"
"+"
","
(ASCII 42)
(ASCII 43)
(ASCII 44)
) "+" / "-" appears only in the front position of
an input.

)
"-" (ASCII 45)
"." (ASCII 46) In the edit mode the position of the decimal
"/" (ASCII 47) place cannot be changed. The decimal place is
":" (ASCII 58) skipped.
"<" (ASCII 60)
"=" (ASCII 61)
">" (ASCII 62)
"?" (ASCII 63)
"@" (ASCII 64)
" A - Z" (ASCII 65 .. 90)
"_" (ASCII 95)
[Underscore]
"‘" (ASCII 96)

TPS400-4.0.0en 40 Measuring Preparation /

Setting up
Pointsearch
Pointsearch is a global function used by applications
to e.g. find internally saved measured or fixed
points.
It is possible for the user to limit the point search to
a particular job or to search the whole storage.
The search procedure always finds fixed points
before measured points that fulfill the same search
criteria. If several points meet the search criteria, TC400Z31

then the points are listed according to their age. The [VIEW] Displays the coordinates of the
product finds the most current (youngest ) fixed selected point.
point first. [ENH] For manual input of coordinates.
Direct search [OK] Confirm selected point.
By entering an actual point number (e.g. "P13") all [JOB] To select a different job.
points with the corresponding point number are
found.

TC400Z30

Measuring Preparation / 41 TPS400-4.0.0en

Setting up
Wildcard search
The Wildcard search is indicated by a "*". The *1 All points of any length with a "1" as the second
asterisk is a place holder for any following sequence character are found (e.g.: A1, B12, A1C).
of characters. A*1 All points of any length with an "A" as the first
Wildcards are always used if the point number is not character and a "1" as the third character are
fully known, or if a batch of points is to be searched found.
for. (e.g.: AB1, AA100, AS15).

TC400Z32
Starts point search.
Examples:
* All points of any length are found.
A All points with exactly the point number "A" are
found.
A* All points of any length starting with "A" are
found (e.g.: A9, A15, ABCD).

TPS400-4.0.0en 42 Measuring Preparation /

Setting up
 Example of a possible measuring display:
Measuring
After switching on and setting up correctly, the total
station is immediately ready for measuring.
In the measurement display it is possible to call up
fixed keys and function keys, as well as trigger keys
and their functions

) All shown displays are examples. It is

possible that local software versions are different to
the basic version.

TC400Z33
- Calling up the assigned function.

Measuring Preparation / 43 TPS400-4.0.0en

Setting up
FNC Key
Under [FNC] several functions can be called up. IR: Distance measurements with prisms.
Their applications are described below. RL: Distance measurements without prisms.

) Functions can also be started directly from

the different applications.
Find more information in chapter "EDM Settings".

Laser Pointer
) Each function from the FNC menu can be
assigned to the [USER]-key (see chapter Switches on or off the visible laser beam for illumi-
"Settings"). nating the target point. The new settings are
displayed for about one second and then saved.
Light On /Off
Switches display light on / off.
Free-Coding
Starts "Coding" to select a code from a codelist or
Level/Plummet enter a new code. Some functionality like softkey
button [CODE].
This function enables the electronic bubble and the
range of intensity settings of the laser plummet.
Units
IR/ RL Toggle Displays the current distance and angle unit and
gives the possibility to change these.
Change between the two EDM types IR (on Reflec-
tors) and RL (Reflectorless). New setting is
displayed for about one second.

TPS400-4.0.0en 44 FNC Key

Delete Last Record Target Offset
This function deletes the last recorded data block. If it is not possible to set up the reflector directly, or
This can be either a measurement block or a code it is not possible to aim the target point directly, the
block. offset values (length, cross and/or height offset) can

) Deleting the last record is not reversible! be entered. The values for the angle and distances
are calculated directly for the target point.
) Only records can be deleted which were
recorded in "Surveying" or in "Measuring".
Offset Pt.
Measure-
Lock with PIN ment Pt.

t+
T_Offse
t-

fse
This function is used to prevent unauthorized use

Of
t-
of the instrument. It enables you to lock the instru-

L_
fse
T_Offse
t+

Of
ment from any application by pressing [FNC] > [Lock

L_
with PIN] without switching off the instrument. After
that the instrument will prompt for a PIN code entry.

) The function is available when the PIN

protection is activated under [MENU] > [PIN].

TC400Z34

H_Offset +: Offset point is higher than measurement

FNC Key 45 TPS400-4.0.0en

 The period of applicability can be set as follows:
TARGET OFFSET
The offset values are reset to 0
Reset after REC after the point is saved.

T_Offset: 0.600 m The offset values are applied to all

Permanent
further measurements.
L_Offset: 0.800 m
H_Offset: 0.500 m
Mode : PERMANENT ) The offset values are always reset to 0 when
the application is quit.
INPUT RESET SET
TC400Z35
Procedure:
1. Enter the offset values (length, cross and/or
height) as per the sketch.
2. Define the period for which the offset is to apply.
[RESET]: Sets eccentricity to zero.
3. [SET]: calculates the corrected values and
jumps to the application from which the offset
function was started. The corrected angle and
distances are displayed as soon as a valid
distance measurement has been triggered or
exists.

TPS400-4.0.0en 46 FNC Key

 This function determines the height of the product
Height Transfer from measurements to a maximum of 5 target
Example: points, with known heights, in two faces.
With measurements to several targets, the improve-
ment is indicated in the "delta" value.

Procedure:
1. Select known point and input reflector height.
2. After triggering the measurement with [ALL], the
calculated height H0 is displayed.
[AddPt] Add another height of a known
point.
[FACE] Measure to the same target in
second face.
TC400Z36 3. [SET] Save the changes and set the
1) Reflector 1 station.
2) Reflector 2
3) Reflector 3
4) Instrument

FNC Key 47 TPS400-4.0.0en

 Procedure:
Hidden Point 1. Measure to first prism (P1).
Example: [All] Starts measurement and proceeds
to step 2.
[ROD] Allows you to define the rod and the
3
EDM-Settings.
2 Rod Length
Total length of hidden-point rod.
Dist. R1-R2
Spacing between the centers of reflector R1 and
prism R2.
1
Meas. Tol
1 E, N, H of Hidden Point Limit for the difference between the given and
2 Rod Length measured spacing of the reflectors. If the tolerance
3 Distance R1-R2 value is exceeded, the program will issue a warning.
EDM-Mode
The program allows measurements to a point that is Changes the EDM-Mode.
not directly visible, using a special hidden-point rod. Prism type
Changes the prism type.
Prism Const
Displays the prism constant.

TPS400-4.0.0en 48 FNC Key

2. [All] Starts measurement and proceeds
to the Result dialog.
3. Result is displayed.

HIDDEN POINT RESULT

PtID : 12
Desc. : GR
East : 110.871 m
North : 99.991 m
Heigth : 102.884 m

FINISH NEW
TC400Z37

[NEW] Returns to step 1.

[FINISH] Returns to calling application.

FNC Key 49 TPS400-4.0.0en

Programs
Application pre-settings ) Find further information about individual
start-up programs on the subsequent pages !
These are programs that precede the application Setting job
programs and are used to set up and organize data
All data is saved in JOBS, like directories. Jobs
collection. They are displayed after selecting an
contain measurement data of different types (e.g.
application. The user can select the start programs
measurements, codes, fixed points, stations,...) and
individually.
are individually manageable and can be readout,
edited or deleted separately.
[NEW] Creating a new job.
[SET] Setting the job and back to start-up
programs.

) All subsequent recorded data is stored in

this job/directory.

) If no job was defined and an application was

started or if in "Meas & Rec" [ALL] or [REC] was trig-
gered, then the system automatically creates a new
job and names it "DEFAULT".
TC400Z38
[ • ] Settings made.
[ ] Settings not made.

TPS400-4.0.0en 50 Programs
Setting Station Known Point
Each coordinate computation relates to the currently 1. Select a ptID stored in internal memory.
set station. 2. Input product height.
At least plan coordinates (E, N) are required for the [OK] Sets the station.
station. The station height can be entered if Set manually
required. The coordinates can be entered either
1. [ENH] Calls up manual point input
manually or read from the internal memory. dialogue.
2. Input PtID and coordinates.
3. [SAVE] Saves station coordinates.
Continues to the input of the
product height.
4. [OK] Sets the station.

) If no station was set and no application

started and if in "Meas & Rec " [ALL] or [REC] was
activated, then the last station is set as the current
station.

TC400Z39

Programs 51 TPS400-4.0.0en
Orientation Method 2: with coordinates
With the orientation, Hz-direction can be input To determine the orientation, a target with known
manually or points with known coordinates can be coordinates can also be used.
set. 1. As orientation with coordinates.
Method 1: Manual input 2. Input of the orientation point number and to
1. To input a random Hz-orientation. determine the point found.
3. To input and confirm the reflector height.
2. Input of Hz-direction, reflector height and PtID. For determining the orientation a maximum of 5
3. [ALL] Triggers measurement and sets target points with known coordinates can be used.
orientation.
[REC] Records Hz-direction and sets
orientation.

TC400Z40

1) 1. Target point
2) 2. Target point
3) 3. Target point

TPS400-4.0.0en 52 Programs
Orientation coordinates can be either obtained from S : Difference between horizontal distance to
the internal memory or entered manually. target point computed from coordinates and
The workflow is similar to Free Station workflow. the measured distance.
After each measurement you are asked wether to Display of computed orientation
proceed or not. Answering with yes brings you back
to the Measurement dialog, to take an additional
measurement. Answering with no brings you to the
Result dialog.
[COMPUTE] Calculates and displays the orienta-
tion results.
[NextPt] Input another backsight point.
1/I Status indication; shows that first point was
measured in telescope position I.
1/I II First point measured in telescope pos. I and
II.
TC400Z41
SHz: After the first measurement the finding of
[OK] Set computed Hz-orientation.
other target points (or the same point when
changing the telescope position) is easier
by setting the indicated angle difference If more than one target point is measured then the
near to 0°00'00" by turning the product. orientation is computed using the "least squares
method".

Programs 53 TPS400-4.0.0en
Displaying residuals
[RESID] Display of residuals.

TC400Z43

1) Actual
2) Design
SH: Height correction
S : correction of the horizontal distance
TC400Z42
SHz: Correction of Hz-angle.

TPS400-4.0.0en 54 Programs
Useful information
• If the orientation is only measured in telescope
position II the Hz-orientation is based on tele-
sope position II. If measured only in telescope
position I or mixed the Hz-orientation is based
on telescope position I.
• The prism height may not be changed during
measurements in the first and second telescope
position.
• If a target point is measured several times in the
same telescope position the last valid measure-
ment is used for the computation.

) If no orientation was set and an application

was started resp. if in "Meas & Rec" [ALL] or [REC]
was triggered, then the current Hz-direction and V-
angle are set as orientation.

Programs 55 TPS400-4.0.0en
 Surveying
Applications With the program Surveying the measurement of an
Introduction unlimited number of points is supported. It is compa-
Applications are predefined programs, that cover a rable to "Meas & Rec", but includes stationing, orien-
wide spectrum of surveying duties and facilitate tation and coding.
daily work in the field.
The following applications are available:
• Surveying
• Setting Out
• Tie Distance
• Area & Volume
• Free Station
• Reference Line
• Remote Height
• Construction
TC400Z44
[MENU] 1. Press the [MENU] fixed key. Procedure:
2. Selecting the "Program" option. 1. Input PtID, codes and the reflector height if
- desired.
3. Calling up applications and acti-
vating start programs. 2. [ALL] Triggers and records measure-
ments.
[PAGE] Scroll to next page.
[IndivPt] Switches between individual and
current point number.

TPS400-4.0.0en 56 Programs
Two coding methods are available: Stake out
1. Simple coding = remark: This program calculates the required elements to
Input a code/remark in the relevant field. These stakeout points from coordinates or manualy
text is stored with the corresponding measure- entered angles, horizontal distances and heights.
ment with [ALL]. The code is not related to a Setting out differences can be displayed continu-
codelist, it is just a simple remark. A codelist on ously.
the instrument is not necessary.
Setting out coordinates from memory
2. Expanded coding with codelist:
Press the [CODE] softkey. The code that was Procedure:
input is searched for within the code list and it is Select the point.
possible to add attributes to the code. [DIST] Starts measurement and calculation of
the stake-out elements.
) Codes are always stored as free codes
(Wi41-49), that means that codes are not directly [REC] Saves the displayed values.
linked to a point. Point codes (Wi71-79) are not [B&D] Input direction and Hz-distance of stake
available. out point.
[MANUAL] Enables simplified input of a point
without ptID and without the possibility
of storing the data of the point.

Programs 57 TPS400-4.0.0en
Polar Stake out Orthogonal Stake out
Normal indication of polar stake out offsets SHz, The position offset between measured point and
S ,S . stake out point is indicated in a longitudinal and
transversal element.

TC400Z46

1) Actual
TC400Z45
2) Point to be stake out
1) Actual
SL: Longitudinal offset: positive if nominal
2) Point to be stake out
point further away.
SHz: Angle offset: positive if point to be set-
ST: Transversal offset, perpendicular to
out is to the right of the actual direction.
line-of-sight: positive if nominal point is
S : Longitudinal offset: positive if point to be
to the right of measured point.
stake out is further away.
S : Height offset: positive if point to be
stake out is higher than measured point.

TPS400-4.0.0en 58 Programs
Cartesian Stake out
Setting out is based on a coordinate system and the
offset is divided into a north and east element.

TC400Z47

1) Actual
2) Point to be stake out
SE Easting offset between stake out and actual
point.
SN Northing offset between stake out and
actual point.

Programs 59 TPS400-4.0.0en
Free Station The following measurements sequences to
The application "Free Station" is used to determine target points are possible:
the product position from measurements to a 1. Hz- and V-angles only (resection)
minimum of two known points and a maximum of 2. Distance and Hz- and V-angle (3 point
five known points. resection)
3. Hz- and V-angles to some point(s) and Hz- and
V-angle plus distance to other point(s).
The final computed results are Easting, Northing
and Height of the present product station, including
the products Hz-circle orientation.
Standard deviations and residuals for accuracy
assessments are provided.

TC400Z48

TPS400-4.0.0en 60 Programs
Measuring facilities Computation procedure
Single face I or II or dual face I + II measurements The measuring procedure automatically determines
are always possible. No specific point sequence or the mothod of evaluation, e.g. resection, 3 point
specific face sequences are required. resection, etc.
Gross errors checks are made for dual face If more than the minimum required measurements
measurements to ensure the same point(s) are are performed, the processing routine uses a least
sighted with the other face. squares adjustment to determine the plan position
and averages orientation and heights.
) If a target point is measured several times in
the same telescope position the last valid measure-
1. The original averaged face I and face II
measurements enter the computation process.
ment is used for computation.
2. All measurements are treated with the same
Measurement restrictions: accuracy, whether these are measured in single
• 2 face measurements or dual face.
When measuring the same target in both faces, 3. Easting and northing is determined by the
the reflector height may not be altered when method of least squares, including standard
changing the telescope position. deviation and improvements for Hz-direction
• Target points with 0.000 height and horizontal distances.
Target points with 0.000 height are discarded for 4. The final height (H) is computed from averaged
height processing. If target points have a valid height differences based on the original
height of 0.000 m, use 0.001 m to enable it for measurements.
height processing. 5. The Hz-circle orientation is computed with the
original averaged face I and face II measure-
ments and the final computed plan position.

Programs 61 TPS400-4.0.0en
Procedure: Here you can enter a limit for the standard deviation
values. If your computed deviation exceeds the limit
a warning dialog appears, where you can decide
wether to proceed or not.
1. Input of the name of the station and the height of
the product.
2. Input of the target ptID and the reflector height.

TC400Z49

Enables you to define an accuracy limit.

TC400Z51

[ALL] Triggers angle and distance

measurement (3 point resection).
[REC] Saves Hz-direction and V-angle
TC400Z50 (resection).

TPS400-4.0.0en 62 Programs
[AddPt] Input another backsight point. Results
[COMPUTE] Calculates and displays the station Displays calculated station coordinates:
coordinates, if at least 2 points and
a distance were measured.
3/I Indicates that the third point in tele-
scope position I was measured.
3/I II Indicates that the third point in tele-
scope positions I and II.

TC400Z52

[AddPt] Switches to measurement display,

to measure additional points.
[RESID] Displays residuals.
[STDEV] Displays standard deviation.
[SET] Sets the displayed coordinates and
product height as new station.

Programs 63 TPS400-4.0.0en
) If the product height was set to 0.000 in the
setup screen, then the station height refers to height
This dialog shows the computed residuals:
Residual = Calculated value - Measured value
of trunnion axis.
Displays standard deviations:

TC400Z54
With the function keys, scroll
TC400Z53 between the residuals of the indi-
S.Dev E0, N0, H0 Standard deviation of the vidual backsight points.
station coordinates
S.Dev Ang Standard deviation of the orien-
tation

TPS400-4.0.0en 64 Programs
Warnings / Messages

Important messages Meaning

Selected point has no valid data ! This message occurs if the selected target point has no easting or northing
coordinate.

If 5 points have already been measured and another point is selected. The
Max 5 points supported ! system supports a maximum of 5 points.

The measurements may not allow final station coordinates (Eastings, North-
Invalid data - no position computed ! ings) to be computed.

Invalid data - no height computed ! Either the target height are invalid or insufficient measurements are available
to compute a final station height.

Insufficient space in job ! The present selected job is full and does not allow further storage.

Hz (I - II) > 0.9 deg, measure point again ! This error occurs if a point was measured in one face and the measurement
in the other face differs by more than 180° ±0.9° for the horizontal angle.

This error occurs if a point was measured in one face and the measurement in
V (I - II) > 0.9 deg, measure point again !
the other face differs by more than 360° - V ±0.9° for the vertical angle.

There is insufficient data measured to be able to compute a position. Either

More points or distance required ! there are not enough points used or not enough distances measured.

Programs 65 TPS400-4.0.0en
Reference Line [ENH] Manually input coordinates.
This program facilitates the easy stake out or [LIST] Displays the list of available points.
checking of lines for buildings, sections of road,
simple excavations, etc. Analogue procedure for the second base point.
A reference line can be defined by referencing a
known base line. The reference line can be offset
either longitudinally, in parallel or vertically to the
base line, or be rotated around the first base point as
required.
Procedure:
1. Definition of the Base line:
The base line is fixed by two base points that can be
defined in three ways: TPS800_Z36

• Measured points TC400Z55

• Enter coordinates using keypad 1) 1st base point

• Select point from memory. 2) 2nd base point
a) Measuring base points: 3) Base line
Input PtID and measure base points with [ALL] 4) Reference line
or [DIST] / [REC].
b) Base points with coordinates:
[FIND] Starts to search for the PtID
entered.

TPS400-4.0.0en 66 Programs
2. Shifting/Rotating the Base line Off: Parallel offset
The base line can be offset longitudinally, parallel L: Longitudinal offset
and vertically or rotated. This new line is called the R: Rotation parameter
reference line. All measured data refers to the refer-
Input of the parameters:
ence line.
Use the navigation keys to select the
shifting and rotation parameters of the refer-
BL ence line.
RL

BP2
R+

RP
L+
TPS800_Z37 BP1
Off+
TC400Z56

BP: Base point

BL: Base line
RP: Reference point
RL: Reference line

Programs 67 TPS400-4.0.0en
 3. Decide to measure or to stake out
REFERENCE LINE - MAIN 1/2
[MEASURE] Starts the subapplication to measure
Length : 14.872 m Line & Offset (see issue 4).
Enter values to shift line: [STAKE] Starts the subapplication to stake
Offset : 1.000 m out (see issue 5).
Line : 0.500 m 4. "Line & Offset" subapplication
Height : 0.900 m The "Line & Offset" subapplication calculates from
Rotate : 25.0000 g measurements or coordinates longitudinal, parallel
offsets and height differences of the target point
NewBL MEASURE STAKE SHIFT=0 relative to the reference line.
TC400Z57

The following entries are possible:

Offset+: Parallel offset of the reference line RL
to the right, referred to the direction
of the base line (BP1-BP2).
Line+: Longitudinal offset of the start point
(=reference point) of the reference
SOff+
line in the direction of base point BP2.
Rotate+: Rotation of the reference line clock- MP

L+
wise around the reference point.

S
Height+: Height offset; the reference line is
higher than the selected reference TPS800_Z38 1RP
height. TC400Z58

TPS400-4.0.0en 68 Programs
1RP: 1st reference point Example "relative to first reference point"
MP: Measured point
RL: Reference line
SL: Longitudinal offset
SOff: Parallel offset
1RP SH+
REFERENCE LINE RH
SH-
PtID : 140 Hd+
hr : 1.500 m
Offset: 0.208 m 1BP
IR TPS800_Z39
Line : 0.349 m TC400Z60
: 1.203 m 1RP: 1st reference point
I 1BP: 1st base point
RH: Reference height
DIST REC
Hd: Height difference between reference and
TC400Z59
base point
The height of the first reference point is always used SH: Height difference from reference height
as the reference height for the calculation of the
height differences (S ).

Programs 69 TPS400-4.0.0en
5. "Stake out" subapplication Example "orthogonal stake out"
You can enter longitudinal, parallel and height
offsets for the target points to be set-out relative to
the reference line. The program calculates the differ- RL
ence between a measured point and the calculated
point. The program displays the orthogonal (pLine,
SOffset, S ) and the polar (SHz, S ,
S ) differences. MP
SL-
Procedure:
1. Input the orthogonal stake out elements. SP SO-
2. [OK] Confirm entry and start calculation.

TPS800_Z40 1RP
TC400Z61

1RP: 1st reference point

RL: Reference line
MP: Measured point
SP: Stake out point
SL: Longitudinal offset
SOff: Parallel offset

TPS400-4.0.0en 70 Programs
Display in "Stake out" measure mode: +S The stake out point is higher than the
measured point.
ORTHOGONAL STAKEOUT 1/2
Warnings / Messages
PtID : 15
hr : 1.500 m Important Meaning
Hz : +0.200 g Messages
IR
: 2.368 m Data output (system setting menu) via
Save via RS232 interface is activated. To be able
: 0.260 m RS232 ! to succesfully start reference line, the
I "INTERN" setting must be enabled.
Base line is shorter than 1 cm. Choose
Base line too base points such that the horizontal
DIST REC short !
separation of both points is at least 1 cm.
No coordinates or invalid coordinates for
Offset: 2.040 m Coordinates a point. Ensure that a point used has at
invalid ! least one Easting and one Northing co-
Line : 1.203 m ordinate.
: 0.260 m
The signs for the distance and angle differences are
correction values (required minus actual).
+SHz Turn telescope clockwise to the stake
out point.
+S The stake out point is further away than
the point measured.

Programs 71 TPS400-4.0.0en
Tie Distance Radial Method:
The application Tie Distance computes slope
Slope distance 1-2
distance, horizontal distance, height difference and
azimuth of two target points measured online, Slope distance 1-3
selected from the Memory or entered using the
Keypad.
The user can choose between two different
methods: Centre point
Polygonal (A-B, B-C)
Radial (A-B, A-C)
Polygonal Method: Slope distance 1-4
TC400Z63

In principal both methods are the same.

Any differences will be described.
Procedure:
1. Determine first target point.
[ALL] Starts measurement to the target
point.
[FIND] Searches internal memory for point
entered.
TC400Z62
2. Determine second target point.
Proceed as with first target point.

TPS400-4.0.0en 72 Programs
3. Result is displayed. Softkeys - radial method:
Brg Azimuth between point1 and point2. [NewPt 1] Determine new central point.
S Slope distance between point1 and [NewPt 2] Determine new radial point.
point2. [POLY] Switch to polygonal method.
S Horizontal distance between point1
and point2.
S Height difference between point1
and point2.
Grade Grade [%] between point1 and
point2.
Softkeys - polygonal method:
[NewPt 1] An additional missing line is
computed. Program starts again (at
point 1).
[NewPt 2] Point 2 is set as starting point of a
new missing line. New point (Pt 2)
must be measured.
[RADIAL] Switches to radial method.

Programs 73 TPS400-4.0.0en
Area & Volume a Perimeter, polygonal length from start point to
The application program Area is used to compute the current measured point.
online areas of max. 50 points connected by b Calculated area always closed to the start point
straights. The target points have to be measured, P1, projected onto the horizontal plane.
selected from memory or entered via keyboard in 1. Determine area points
clockwise direction. The calculated area is projected [ALL] Starts the measurement to the
onto the horizontal plane (2D). Furthermore a point.
volume with constant height can be calculated. [FIND] / Searches for point in internal
[LIST] memory.
[ENH] For manual input of the coordinates.
P2 P3 [1PtBACK] Undo measurement or selection of
last point.
a b
) The area is calculated and displayed
once three points have been measured or
P1 selected.
P4

P0
TC400Z64
P0 Station P3 Target point
P1 Start point P4 Target point
P2 Target point

TPS400-4.0.0en 74 Programs
2. Results
[VOLUME] To calculate a volume with constant
height. The height have to be
entered or measured.
[RESULT] To display and record additional
results (perimeter, volume).

) Perimeter and volume are updated if

further area points are added.

a b

TC400Z65

a Calculated area always closed to the

start point P1, projected onto the hori-
zontal plane.
b Constant height.

Programs 75 TPS400-4.0.0en
Remote Height Procedure:
Points directly above the base prism can be deter- 1. Input PtID and reflector height
mined without a prism at the target point. [ALL] Starts measurement to base point
and continues to 2.
[hr?] Starts the program that determines
an unknown reflector height.
2. Aim at inaccessible height point
[OK] Saves the measured data.
[BASE] Input and measurement of a new
base point.

TC400Z66

1) Remote point
2) Height diff.
3) Slope distance
4) Base point

TPS400-4.0.0en 76 Programs
Construction
This application allows to define a construction site
by combining set-up of the product along a construc- PtID :
tion line, measuring and setting out points in relation A11
to the line. hr : 1.500 m
After selecting the application you have two : 7.225 m
options: Off: 10.194 m
a) Defining a new construction site
: -1.673 m
or
b) Continue with previous site (skips set-up)
Procedure: TC400Z67

Defining new site: [ShiftLn] Allows you to enter values for

shifting the line.
1. Measure line Start point [ALL], [DIST]+[REC]
2. Measure second line point [ALL], [DIST]+[REC] [LAYOUT] Switches to Layout-mode.

) In case, you have entered coordinates by

ENH and measured to known points a plausibility
SLine is positive:
Measured point is in direction from line start - to line
check informs you about the calculated line length, end point.
the actual length and the difference. SOffset is positive:

As built check: Measured point is right of line.

This dialog shows you the SLine, SOffset and SHeight is positive:
SHeight of a measured point in relation to the line.

Programs 77 TPS400-4.0.0en
Measured point height is above line start point’s The graphics show you the position of the prism
height. related to the stake out point. Below, the exact

) The height of the line start point is always

used as the reference height!
values are displayed, combined with arrows to show
the direction.
Layout SLine is positive (arrow up):
Here you can search or enter points for staking out Target point is further away than the measured
related to the measured line. point.
SOffset is positive (arrow right):
Target point is right of the measured point.
SHeight is positive (arrow up):
Target point is higher than the measured point.

) The height of the line start point is always

used as the reference height!

) The graphics are scaled to give a better

overview. Therefore it’s possible that the station
point moves in the graphics.

[ShiftLn]
TC400Z68
Allows you to enter values for
) Be aware that the line start point and the line
end point are measured in the previous coordinate
shifting the line. system. When staking out this points they appear in
[AsBUILT] Switches to AsBuilt-mode. the old system and appear as shifted.

TPS400-4.0.0en 78 Programs
) During use of the application the previous
Orientation and Station parameters will be replaced
Procedure:
Select code from a codelist or enter a new code:
by the new calculated ones. [RECORD] The code is directly recorded without a
measurement with [ALL].
Coding [OK] The code is set. After a measurement
Codes contain information about recorded points. with [ALL] the code is recorded.
With the help of coding, points can be assigned to a [AddList] Adds the entered code to the codelist.
particular group simplifying later processing.
More information on coding can be found under
"Data management".
GSI-coding
Code: Code name
Desc.: Additional remark
Info1: more, freely editable
... information
Info8: lines

) Codes are always stored as free codes

(Wi41-49), that means that codes are not directly
linked to a point. They are stored before or after the
measurement depending on the setting made.
Point codes (Wi71-79) are not available.

Programs 79 TPS400-4.0.0en
Extending / editing code Warnings / Messages
1. Call available code from code list.
2. Attributes can be overwritten freely. Important
Messages Meaning
Exceptions:
Attrib. cannot be Attribute with fixed status cannot
With the codelist editor of LGO/LGO-Tools a status changed ! be changed.
can be assigned to the attributes.
No codelist in memory. Manual
• Attributes with "fixed status" (see LGO/LGO- No codelist available ! input for code and attributes are
Tools) are write-protected. They cannot be over- called automatically.
written or edited. Entry required ! Code missing. Extend input.
• For attributes with status "Mandatory" an input
or a confirmation is required.
• Attributes with status "Normal" can be edited ) Individually entered code blocks are not
added to the code list.
freely.
Leica Geo Office Tools (LGO-Tools)
Codelists can be easily created and uploaded to the
product using the supplied "LGO-Tools" Software.

TPS400-4.0.0en 80 Programs
Settings
This menu enables extensive user-specific settings • Zenith: Zenith=0°; Horizon=90°
in order to adapt the product to their own require- • Horizon: Zenith=90°; Horizon=0°
ments. • V-(%): 45°=100%; Horizon=0°
Contrast
Setting the display contrast in 10% steps. ) The % value increases rapidly. "--.--%"
appears on the display above 300%".
Trigger key Tilt Correction
Configuration of the trigger key on side cover. Off Tilting compensation switched off.
Off Trigger key deactivated. 1-axis V-angles relate to the plumb line.
ALL Trigger key with same function as 2-axis V-angle refer to the plummet line and
the [ALL]-key. the Hz-directions are corrected by the
DIST Trigger key with same function as standing axis tilt.
the [DIST]-key. If the product is used on an unstable base (e.g.
USER Key shaking platform, ship, etc.) the compensator should
Configure the USER Key with a function from the be switched off.
FNC-menu. This avoids the compensator drifting out of it's
V-Setting measuring range and interupting the measuring
The "0"- orientation of the vertical circle can be process by indicating an error.
either selected for the zenith, the horizontal plane or
in %. ) The compensator setting remains active
even after the product is switched off.

Settings 81 TPS400-4.0.0en
Sector Beep
Off Sector Beep switched off
On Sector Beep sounds at right angles (0°,
90°, 180°, 270° or 0, 100, 200, 300 gon)
Example Sector Beep:
From 95.0 to 99.5 gon (or from 105.0 to 100.5 gon)
a "Fast beep" sounds whilest from 99.5 to 99.995
gon (or from 100.5 to 100.005 gon) a "Permanent
beep" sounds.

TC400Z69

1) No beep
2) Fast beep (interrupted)
3) Permanent beep

TPS400-4.0.0en 82 Settings
Beep DSP Heater
The beep is an acoustic signal after each key stroke. On Is automatically activated when the
Off Beep switched off display illumination is on and the product
Normal Normal volume temperature is ≤ 5°C.
Loud Increased volume Language
Hz Incrementation The current loaded languages are shown.
Right Set right Hz for "Clockwise direction Language choice
measurement". If two languages are loaded onto the instrument a
Left Set left Hz for "Counter-clockwise direc- dialog to choose the language can be shown directly
tion measurement". "Counter-clock- after switching on the instrument.
wise" directions are only displayed but On The language dialog is shown as
saved as "Clockwise direction". startup dialog.
Reticle Illumination Off The language dialog is not shown as
The reticle illumination is only switched on if the startup dialog.
display illumination is on. Data Output
Low Low illuminaton RS232 Data is recorded via the serial interface.
Medium Medium illuminaton For this purpose, a data storage device
High High illuminaton must be connected.
Intern All data is recorded in the internal
memory.

Settings 83 TPS400-4.0.0en
GSI 8/16 Auto-OFF
Select GSI output format. Enable The product is switched off after 20
GSI 8: 81..00+12345678 minutes without any action (= no key
GSI 16: 81..00+1234567890123456 pressed; V and Hz angle deviation
Mask 1/2
≤ ±3' / ±600cc).
Disable The product is switched on perma-
Select GSI output mask.
nently. Battery discharges quicker.
Mask 1: PtID, Hz, V, SD, ppm+mm, hr, hi
Sleep Economy mode. product is recovered
Mask 2: PtID, Hz, V, SD, E, N, H, hr
by any key stroke.
Hz Collimation
Min. Reading
On Hz Collimation is switched ON.
The displayed angle format can be selected in three
Off Hz Collimation is switched OFF. steps.
If option "Hz Collimation ON" is active, each
• For 360°'":
measured Hz-angle is corrected (depending on 0° 00' 01" / 0° 00' 05" / 0° 00' 10"
V-angle).
Always " are indicated.
For normal operation the Hz-collimation remains
• For 360°:
switched on. 0.0001° / 0.0005° / 0.001°
) More information on Hz-collimation can be
found under "Adjusments".
• For gon:
0.0001 gon / 0.0005 gon / 0.001 gon
• For mil:
0.01 mil / 0.05 mil / 0.10 mil

TPS400-4.0.0en 84 Settings
Input method Distance Unit
Here you can select the method to input alphanu- meter Meter
meric characters. ft-in1/16 US-feet-Inch-1/16 inch
• Method 1 US-ft US-feet
Standard method INT-ft International feet
• Method 2
Temperature
Advanced method
°C Degree Celsius
Angle Unit °F Degree Fahrenheit
°'" (degree sexagesimal)
possible angle values: Pressure
mbar Millibar
0° to 359°59'59''
DD (degree decimal) hPa Hecto Pascal
possible angle values: mmHg Millimeter mercury column
0° to 359.999° inHg Inch mercury column
gon possible angle values:
0 gon to 399.999 gon
mil possible angle values:
0 to 6399.99mil
The setting of the angle units can be changed at any
time.
The actual displayed values are converted
according to the selected unit.

Settings 85 TPS400-4.0.0en
EDM Settings
The EDM-settings contain a detailed menu with EDM Mode
selection boxes. With TCR products different settings for measure-
ments with reflectorless (RL) and reflector (IR) EDM
mode are available.
Depending on selected measuring mode the selec-
tion prism types are different.

Fine measuring mode for high

precision measurements with
IR-Fine prisms
(2mm + 2 ppm)

Quick measuring mode with

IR-Fast higher measuring speed and
reduced accuracy
(5mm + 2 ppm)
TC400Z70

Continuous distance
IR-Track measuring
(5mm + 2 ppm)

Distance measurement using

IR-Tape Retro targets
(5mm + 2 ppm)

TPS400-4.0.0en 86 EDM Settings

 Short range. For distance
RL-Short measurements without prisms 360° prism
with a target distance up to 80 m +23.1
GRZ4
(3mm + 2 ppm)

Continuous distance measure-

RL-Track ment without prisms
(5mm + 2 ppm) 360° Mini
prism +30.0
Long range. For distance GRZ101
RL-Prism measurements with prisms
(5mm + 2 ppm)

) With the RL-EDM each object in the beam is

measured (possibly also branches, cars, etc.).
Miniprism
GMP101/102
+17.5

Prism type
Calling the function in the EDM settings. JPMINI +34.4 Mini prism
Reflective +34.4
Leica Constants targets
Prisms [mm]
is set at "Prismconst"
USER -- (-mm + 34.4; e.g.: mm = 14 ->
Standard input = -14 + 34.4 = 20.4)
prism (Round) 0.0
GPH1 + RL +34.4 Reflectorless
GPR1

EDM Settings 87 TPS400-4.0.0en

Prism Constant
Calling the function in the EDM settings.
Entry of a user specific prism constant. Input can
only be made in [mm].
Limit value: -999,9 mm to +999,9 mm
Laser Pointer
Off: Visible laser beam is switched off.
On: Visible laser beam for visualising the target
point is switched on.
Guide Light
The person at the prism can be guided by the
flashing lights directly to the line of sight. The light
points are visible up to a distance of 150 meters.
This is useful when setting out points.

TC400Z71

1) Flashing red diode

2) Flashing yellow diode
Operat. range: 5 - 150 m (15 -500 ft)
Divergence: 12 m (40 ft) at 100 m (330 ft)

TPS400-4.0.0en 88 EDM Settings

[SCALE] [P/Temp]
Scale of projection. Input of atmospheric parameters.
Atmospheric Parameters (ppm):
Distance measurement is influenced directly by the
atmospheric conditions of the air in which distance
measurement are taken.

TC400Z72

Scale factor:
Entering the scale of projection. Measured values
and coordinates are corrected with the PPM param-
eter.
TC400Z73
[PPM=0] Sets default parameters.
In order to take into consideration these influences
[PPM] distance measurements are corrected using atmo-
Input of individual scaling parameters. spheric correction parameters.

EDM Settings 89 TPS400-4.0.0en

• Ht. a. MSL
Height above sea level at product location.
• Temperature
Air temperature at product location.
• Pressure
Air pressure at product location.
• Atmos PPM:
Calculated and indicated atmospheric PPM.
Signal
[SIGNAL] Displays EDM signal strength (reflection
strength) in steps of 1%. Permits
optimal aiming at distant barely visible
targets.

TPS400-4.0.0en 90 EDM Settings

File Management
The File Manager contains all functions for entering, Job
editing and for checking data in the field. Jobs are a summary of data of different types, e.g.
fixed points, measurements, codes, results, etc.
The job definition consists of the input of job name
and user.
Additionally, the system generates time and date at
the time or creation.
Job search:
Scrolling through jobs.
[DELETE] Deletes selected job.
[SET] Sets the selected job.
[NEW] Starts new job.
TC400Z74

TC400Z75

File Management 91 TPS400-4.0.0en

Fixpoints
Valid fixed points contain at least the ptID and the
coordinates (E, N) or (H).
[DELETE] Deletes selected fixed point.
[FIND] Starts point search. Exact ptIDs can
be entered or the * wildcard-criteria
used.
[NEW] Opens input for ptID and coordi-
nates.
Measurements
Measurement data available in the internal memory TC400Z76
can be searched and displayed or erased.
[FIND] Starts point search dialogue.
[VIEW] Displays all measurements.
Codes
TC400Z77
To each code a description and a maximun of 8
[SAVE] Save data.
attributes with up to 16 characters can be assigned.
[VIEW] Starts search dialogue.
[ATTRIB] Input of attributes.

TPS400-4.0.0en 92 File Management

Initialize Memory
Deletes jobs, single data areas of a job or all
data.
[DELETE] Starts deleting process within the
selected area.
[ALL] Deletes all data in memory. All data
will be lost !

) Deleting the memory cannot be undone.

After confirming the message all data is deleted
permanently.
Memory Statistic
Displays job specific memory information such as:
• Number of stored fixpoints.
• Number of recorded data blocks (measured
points, codes, etc.).
• Number of free or not defined jobs.

File Management 93 TPS400-4.0.0en

Start-up sequence
Sets the screen the product starts in when switched Procedure:
on. E.g. the electronic bubble can be displayed at After confirming the dialogue of notification, the
every start. "Meas & Rec" screen is displayed. A maximum of 16
of the next key presses are stored. The sequence is
ended with [ESC]. If the start sequence is activated,
the stored key presses are executed automatically
when the product is switched on.

) The automatic start sequence has the same

effect as pressing the keys manually. Certain
product settings can not be made in this way. "Rela-
tive entries" such as automatically setting "IR-FINE"
upon switching on the product, are not possible.

TC400Z78

[OK] Stores current settings.

[RECORD] Defines the key presses that are
executed automatically upon start up.
[Play] Starts to run the recorded sequence.

TPS400-4.0.0en 94 Start-up sequence

Calibrations
Determining Line-of-sight error and V-Index
The calibration contains the determination of the ) These errors should be determined before
the product is used for the first time, before precision
following product errors: surveys, after long periods of transport, before and
• Hz-collimation after long periods of work, and if the temperature
• V-index (simultaneously electronic level) changes by more than 10°C (18°F).
For determining the Hz-collimation or the V-index it Before determining the product errors,
is necessary to measure in both telescope positions. level-up the product using the electronic
The procedure can be started in any telescope posi- bubble. The product should be secure
tion. and firm, and should be protected from
The user is guided clearly through the procedure. A direct sunlight in order to avoid thermal expansion
wrong determination of product error is thus elimi- on one side only.
nated.
The products are adjusted in the factory prior to
shipping.
product errors can change with time and tempera-
ture.

Calibrations 95 TPS400-4.0.0en
Line-of-sight error (Hz-collimation) V-Index (Vertical index error)

TC400Z79
TC400Z80
The line-of-sight error or collimation error (C) is the
The vertical circle should read exactly 90° (100 gon)
deviation from the perpendicular between the tilting
when the line of sight is horizontal. Any deviation
axis and the line of sight.
from this figure is termed vertical index error (i).
The effect of the line-of-sight error to the Hz-angle
By determining the vertical index error the electronic
increases with the vertical angle.
level is adjusted automatically.
For horizontal aimings the error of Hz equals the
line-of-sight error. ) Procedures and conditions required to
correct line-of-sight and height index errors are the
same. Thus the procedure will only be described
once.

TPS400-4.0.0en 96 Calibrations
 Hz-collimation 4. Change telescope position and aim to the point
again.
V-index
Display adjustment value: For checking the horiontal aiming Hz and V are
Summarizes saved values. displayed.

Procedure:
1. Level product with electronic bubble.
2. Aim at a point approximately 100m from the
product which is within 5° of the horizontal.

TC400Z82

5. [ALL]: Starts measurement

6. Displays the old and new calculated values.
[SET] Sets new calibration data.
[ESC] Quits program without setting new
calibration data.
TC400Z81

3. [ALL]: Trigger measurement.

Calibrations 97 TPS400-4.0.0en
Warnings / Messages

Important Messages Meaning Measures

V-Angle not suitable for Aim on the target point with an accuracy of
Aiming tolerance not met or telescope posi- min. 5 gon. The target point must be
calibration (Check V-angle tion/face not changed. approximately in the horizontal plane.
or face) !
Confirmation of the message required.

Calibration result out of Computed values out of tolerance. Repeat measurements.

tolerance. Previous values Previous values retained. Confirmation of the message required.
retained !

Hz-angle in second face/telescope pos. Aim on the target point with an accuracy of
Hz-Angle out of limit ! deviates more than 5 gon from the target min. 5 gon.
point. Confirmation of the message required.

Measurement error appeared (e.g. instable

Measurement Error. Try Repeat the process.
set up or period between measuring in tele-
again. Confirmation of the message required.
scope position I and II too long).

TPS400-4.0.0en 98 Calibrations
COMM Parameters
For data transfer between PC and product the CR Carriage return
communication parameters of the serial interface Stopbits
RS232 must be set. Fixed setting 1.
Leica Standard setting Interface plug connections:
19200 Baud, 8 Databit, No Parity, 1 Stopbit, CR/LF
Baudrate
Data transfer speed 2400, 4800, 9600, 19200
[bits / second]
Databits
7 Data transfer is realized with 7 databits. Is set
automatically if parity is "Even" or "Odd".
8 Data transfer is realized with 8 databits. Is set TC400Z83
automatically if parity is "None". 1) External battery
Parity 2) Not connected / inactive
Even Even parity 3) GND
Odd Odd parity 4) Data reception (TH_RXD)
None No parity (if data bit is set to 8) 5) Data transfer (TH_TXD)
Endmark
TH ... Theodolite
CRLF Carriage return; line feed

COMM Parameters 99 TPS400-4.0.0en

Data Transfer
With this special function measured data can be trans- 82..00-00005736 83..00+00000091
fered via the serial interface to a receiver (e.g. a 87..10+00001700

)
Laptop). Using this type of transfer the success of the
If the receiver is to slow in processing data
transfer is not checked.
the data could be lost. With this type of data transfer
Job: Selection of job from which data should the product is not informed about the performance of
be transfered.
the receiver (no protocol).
Data: Select the data range to be transferred GSI-ID’s
(measurements, fixed points) 11 PtID
Format: Select output format. Select Leica-GSI- 21 Horizontal direction
format, or your own format created in 22 Vertical angle
the "Format Manager" and transfer to 31 Slope distance
the LGO/LGO-Tools. 32 Horizontal distance
[SEND] Starts the transmission. 33 Height difference
41-49 Codes and attributes
Example: 51 ppm [mm]
Within the "data" setting "MEASUREMENTS" a data 58 Prism constants
set could be shown as follows: 81-83 (E, N, H) Target point
11....+00000D19 21..022+16641826 84-86 (E, N, H) Stand point
87 Reflector height
22..022+09635023 31..00+00006649
88 product height
58..16+00000344 81..00+00003342

TPS400-4.0.0en 100 Data Transfer

System Info
Displays helpful information and date / time are set. [SW-Info] The software of the product is
composed of different software pack-
• Battery
ages. Depending on the package,
Remaining battery power (e.g. 40%).
different versions are possible.
• Instr.Temp. Op-System: Operating System
Measured product temperature.
App.-SW: Applications, functions
• Date and menu
Displays the current date. Layout: User displays
• Time
Displays current time.
[DATE] Change date and format.
Format: There are three display formats:
• DD.MM.YYYY
• MM.DD.YYYY
• YYYY.MM.DDT
Date: Input date
[TIME] Set time.

System Info 101 TPS400-4.0.0en

Instrument Protection with PIN
The instrument can be protected by a Personal tion by pressing [FNC] > Lock with PIN without
Identification Number. If the PIN protection is acti- switching off the instrument
vated, the instrument will always prompt for a PIN
code entry after starting up. If a wrong PIN has been
typed in five times, a Personal UnblocKing code is
required which can be found on the instrument
delivery papers. If the PUK code entered is correct
then the old PIN code is set to default value "0" and
the PIN protection is deactivated.
Procedure:
1. [MENU] > [PIN]
2. Activate PIN by setting <Use PIN Code>: On.
3. Enter your desired personal PIN Code (max. 6
character numeric) and accept with [OK].

) Now the instrument is protected against

unauthorized use. After switching on the instrument
the PIN Code entry is necessary.

) If the PIN protection is activated you can

furthermore lock the instrument from any applica-

TPS400-4.0.0en 102 Instrument Protection with

PIN
Care and Storage
In the field
Transport
When transporting or shipping the equipment
always use the original Leica Geosystems pack-
aging (transport case and shipping cardboard).

) After a longer period of storage or transport

of your product always check the field ajustment
parameters indicated in this manual before using the
product.

TC400Z84

When transporting the equipment in the field,

always make sure to
• either carry the product in its original transport
case or,
• carry the tripod with its legs splayed across your
shoulder, keeping the attached product upright.

Care and Storage 103 TPS400-4.0.0en

Inside vehicle
Never transport the product loose inside the
Storage
vehicle.
The product can be damaged by blows and vibra-
tions. It must always be transported in its case and
be properly secured.

Shipping
For shipping the product by rail, aircraft or ship use
the Leica Geosystems original packaging (transport
case or shipping cardboard) or another suitable
packaging securing the product against blows and
vibrations.

TC400Z85

) When storing the equipment, particularly in

summer and inside a vehicle, take the temperature
limits into account.
When storing the intrument inside a building also
use the transport case (if possible, in a safe place).

TPS400-4.0.0en 104 Care and Storage

 Batteries
• The permissible temperature range for storing is
-40°C to +55°C / -40°F to +131°F. A storage
temperature range of 0°C to +20°C / +32°F to
68°F in dry environment is recommended to
minimize self-discharging of the battery.
• At the recommended storage temperature
range, batteries containing a 10% to 50%
charge can be stored for up to one year. After
this storage period the batteries must be
recharged.
• Remove batteries from the product and the
charger before storing.
TC400Z86
• After storage recharge batteries (NiMH) before
) If the product becomes wet, leave it
unpacked. Wipe down, clean, and dry the product •
using.
Protect batteries from damp and wetness. Wet
(at not more than 40 °C/ 104°F), transport case, or damp batteries must be dried before storing
foam inserts, and accessories. Pack up the equip- or use.
ment only when it is perfectly dry.
When using the product in the field always close the
transport case.

Care and Storage 105 TPS400-4.0.0en

Cleaning ) Fogging of prisms:
Reflector prisms that are cooler than the ambient
temperature tend to fog. It is not enough simply to
wipe them. Keep them for some time inside your
jacket or in the vehicle to allow them to adjust to the
ambient temperature.

) Cables and plugs:

Keep plugs clean and dry. Blow away any dirt
lodged in the plugs of the connecting cables.

TC400Z87

) Objective, eyepiece and prisms:

• Blow dust off lenses and prisms.
• Never touch the glass with fingers.
• Use only a clean, soft and lint-free cloth for
cleaning. If necessary, moisten the cloth with
pure alcohol.
Use no other liquids; these may attack polymer
components.

TPS400-4.0.0en 106 Care and Storage

 Circular level
Checking and adjusting
Tripod

TC400Z89

TC400Z88 Level-up the product in advance with the electronic

The connections between metal and timber compo- level. The bubble must be centered. If it extends
nents must always be firm and tight. beyond the circle, use the Allen key supplied to
• Tighten the Allen screws (2) moderately. center it by turning the adjustment screws.
• Tighten the articulated joints on the tripod head After adjustment no screw must be loose.
(1) just enough to keep the tripod legs open
when you lift it off the ground.

Care and Storage 107 TPS400-4.0.0en

Circular level on the tribrach Laser plummet
The laser plummet is integrated into the vertical axis
of the product. Under normal circumstances setting
of the laser plummet is not necessary. If an adjust-
ment is necessary due to external influences the
product has to be returned to any Leica service
department.

Checking by turning the product by 360°:

1. Install the product on the tripod approx. 1.5 m
above ground and level up.
2. Switch on laser plummet and mark the centre of
the red spot.
3. Turn product slowly by 360° and observe the red
TC400Z90
laser spot.
Level the product and then remove it from the Inspecting the laser plummet should be carried out
tribrach. If the bubble is not centred, adjust it using the on a bright, smooth and horizonal surface (e.g. a
adjusting pin. sheet of paper).
Turning the adjustment screws: If the centre of the laser spot makes a clearly circular
movement or if the centre of the point is moving
• to the left: the bubble approaches the screw
away more than 3 mm from the first marked point an
• to the right: the bubble goes away from the
adjustment is possibly necessary. Call your nearest
screw. Leica service department.
After adjustment no screw must be loose.

TPS400-4.0.0en 108 Care and Storage

 Chapter validity
This chapter is relevant for Telescope Type 1
only.

Reflectorless EDM
The red laser beam used for measuring without
reflector is arranged coaxially with the line of sight of
the telescope, and emerges from the objective port.
If the product is well adjusted, the red measuring
beam will coincide with the visual line of sight.
External influences such as shock or large tempera-
TC400Z91 ture fluctuations can displace the red measuring
Depending on brightness and surface the size of the beam relative to the line of sight.
laser spot can vary. At a distance of 1.5 m an
average value of 2.5 mm diameter must be esti- ) The direction of the beam should be
inspected before precise measurement of distances
mated. is attempted, because an excessive deviation of the
The maximum diameter of the circular movement laser beam from the line of sight can result in impre-
described by the centre of the laser point should not cise distance measurements.
exceed 3 mm at a distance of 1.5m.

Care and Storage 109 TPS400-4.0.0en

 WARNING
For safety aspects direct intrabeam viewing
If the spot on the more reflective side of the plate is
too bright (dazzling), use the white side instead to
should be considered always as hazardous. carry out the inspection.
Precautions:
Do not stare into the beam or direct it towards other
people unnecessarily. These measures are also
valid for the reflected beam.
Inspection
A target plate is provided. Set it up between five and
20 metres away with the grey reflective side facing
the product. Move the telescope to face II. Switch on
the red laser beam by activating the laser-point func-
tion. Use the telescope crosshair to align the product
with the centre of the target plate, and then inspect TC400Z92
the position of the red laser spot on the target plate. Adjusting the direction of the beam
Generally speaking the red spot cannot be seen
Pull the two plugs out from the adjustment ports on
through the telescope, so look at the target plate
the top side of the telescope housing.
from just above the telescope or from just to the side
of it. To correct the height of the beam, insert the screw-
driver into the rear adjustment port and turn it clock-
If the spot illuminates the cross, the achievable
wise (spot on target plate moves obliquely upwards)
adjustment precision has been reached; if it lies
or anticlockwise (spot moves obliquely downwards).
outside the limits of the cross, the direction of the
beam needs to be adjusted.

TPS400-4.0.0en 110 Care and Storage

To correct the beam laterally, insert the screwdriver
into the front adjustment port and turn it clockwise
(spot moves to the right) or anticlockwise (spot
moves to the left).

) Throughout the adjustment procedure, keep

the telescope pointing to the target plate.

) After each field adjustment, replace the

plugs in the adjustment ports to keep out damp and
dirt.

TC400Z94

TC400Z93

Care and Storage 111 TPS400-4.0.0en

Safety Directions
The following directions should enable the person
responsible for the product, and the person who Intended Use
actually uses the equipment, to anticipate and avoid Permitted use
operational hazards. • Measuring horizontal and vertical angles.
The person responsible for the product must ensure • Measuring distances.
that all users understand these directions and • Recording measurements.
adhere to them. • Computing by means of application software.
• Visualising the standing axis (with laser
plummet).
• Visualizing the aiming direction (with guide light
EGL)
Adverse use
• Use of the product without instruction.
• Use outside of the intended limits.
• Disabling safety systems.
• Removal of hazard notices.
• Opening the product using tools (screwdriver,
etc.), unless this is specifically permitted for
certain functions.
• Modification or conversion of the product.

TPS400-4.0.0en 112 Safety Directions

• Use after misappropriation.
• Use of products with obviously recognizable Limits of Use
damages or defects. Environment
• Use with accessories from other manufacturers Suitable for use in an atmosphere appropriate for
without the prior express approval of Leica permanent human habitation: not suitable for use in
Geosystems. aggressive or explosive environments.
• Aiming directly into the sun.
• Inadequate safeguards at the surveying site
(e.g. when measuring on roads, etc.).
 DANGER
Local safety authorities and safety experts
• Controlling machines, or controlling moving must be contacted before working in hazardous
objects or similar, with the integrated distancer explosive areas, or in close proximity to electrical
(visible laser). installations or similar situations by the person in
• Deliberate dazzling of third parties. charge of the product.

 WARNING
Adverse use can lead to injury, malfunction,
and material damage. It is the task of the person
responsible for the product to inform the user about
hazards and how to counteract them. The product is
not to be operated until the user has been instructed
on how to work with it.

Safety Directions 113 TPS400-4.0.0en

 Person in charge of the product
Responsibilities The person in charge of the product has the follo-
Manufacturer of the product wing duties:
Leica Geosystems AG, CH-9435 Heerbrugg, • To understand the safety instructions on the
hereinafter referred to as Leica Geosystems, is product and the instructions in the user manual.
responsible for supplying the product, including the • To be familiar with local regulations relating to
user manual and original accessories, in a comple- safety and accident prevention.
tely safe condition. • To inform Leica Geosystems immediately if the
Manufacturers of non Leica Geosystems acces- product and the application becomes unsafe.
sories
The manufacturers of non Leica Geosystems acces-  WARNING
The person responsible for the product must
sories for the product are responsible for ensure that it is used in accordance with the instruc-
developing, implementing and communicating tions. This person is also accountable for the
safety concepts for their products, and are also training and the deployment of personnel who use
responsible for the effectiveness of those safety the product and for the safety of the equipment in
concepts in combination with the Leica Geosystems use.
product.

TPS400-4.0.0en 114 Safety Directions

 fully comply with the terms and conditions of the
International Waranty, Software Leica Geosystems Software Licence Agreement.
Licence Agreement
International Waranty Such agreement is provided together with all
The International Warranty can be downloaded from products and can also be found at the Leica Geosy-
the Leica Geosystems AG home page at http:// stems home page at
www.leica-geosystems.com/internationalwarranty http://www.leica-geosystems.com/swlicense
or received from your Leica Geosystems dealer. or your Leica Geosystems dealer.

Software Licence Agreement

You must not install or use the software unless you
This product contains software that is preinstalled
have read and accepted the terms and conditions of
on the product, or that is supplied to you on a data
the Leica Geosystems Software Licence Agree-
carrier medium, or that can be downloaded by you
ment. Installation or use of the software or any part
online pursuant to prior authorization from Leica
thereof, is deemed to be an acceptance of all the
Geosystems. Such software is protected by copy-
terms and conditions of such licence agreement. If
right and other laws and its use is defined and regu-
you do not agree to all or some of the terms of such
lated by the Leica Geosystems Software Licence
licence agreement, you may not download, install or
Agreement, which covers aspects such as, but not
use the software and you must return the unused
limited to, Scope of the Licence, Warranty, Intellec-
software together with its accompanying documen-
tual Property Rights, Limitation of Liability, Exclusion
tation and the purchase receipt to the dealer from
of other Assurances, Governing Law and Place of
whom you purchased the product within ten (10)
Jurisdiction. Please make sure, that at any time you
days of purchase to obtain a full refund of the
purchase price.

Safety Directions 115 TPS400-4.0.0en

Hazards of Use  CAUTION
Watch out for erroneous measurement

 WARNING
The absence of instruction, or the inade-
results if the product has been dropped or has been
misused, modified, stored for long periods or trans-
quate imparting of instruction, can lead to incorrect ported.
or adverse use, and can give rise to accidents with Precautions:
far-reaching human, material, financial and environ- Periodically carry out test measurements and
mental consequences. perform the field adjustments indicated in the user
Precautions: manual, particularly after the product has been
All users must follow the safety directions given by subjected to abnormal use and before and after
the manufacturer and the directions of the person important measurements.
responsible for the product.
 DANGER

 WARNING
Using a battery charger not recommended
Because of the risk of electrocution, it is very
dangerous to use poles and extensions in the
by Leica Geosystems can destroy the batteries. This vicinity of electrical installations such as power
can cause fire or explosions. cables or electrical railways.

Precautions: Precautions:
Only use chargers recommended by Leica Keep at a safe distance from electrical installations. If
Geosystems to charge the batteries. it is essential to work in this environment, first contact

TPS400-4.0.0en 116 Safety Directions

the safety authorities responsible for the electrical
installations and follow their instructions.  WARNING
During dynamic applications, for example
stakeout procedures there is a danger of accidents
occurring if the user does not pay attention to the
environmental conditions around, for example

 WARNING
By surveying during a thunderstorm you are
obstacles, excavations or traffic.
Precautions:
at risk from lightening. The person responsible for the product must make
Precautions: all users fully aware of the existing dangers.
Do not carry out field surveys during thunderstorms.
 WARNING

 CAUTION
Be careful when pointing the product
Inadequate securing of the surveying site
can lead to dangerous situations, for example in
towards the sun, because the telescope functions as traffic, on building sites and at industrial installa-
a magnifying glass and can injure your eyes and/or tions.
cause damage inside the product. Precautions:
Precautions: Always ensure that the surveying site is adequately
Do not point the product directly at the sun. secured. Adhere to the regulations governing safety
and accident prevention and road traffic.

 WARNING
If computers intended for use indoors are
used in the field there is a danger of electric shock.

Safety Directions 117 TPS400-4.0.0en

Precautions: Precautions:
Adhere to the instructions given by the computer Protect the batteries from mechanical influences
manufacturer with regard to field use in conjunction and high ambient temperatures. Do not drop or
with Leica Geosystems products. immerse batteries into fluids.

 CAUTION
During the transport, shipping or disposal of
 WARNING
If the product is improperly disposed of, the
batteries it is possible for inappropriate mechanical following can happen:
influences to constitute a fire hazard. • If polymer parts are burnt, poisonous gases are
Precautions: produced which may impair health.
Before shipping the product or disposing of it, • If batteries are damaged or are heated strongly,
discharge the batteries by running the product until they can explode and cause poisoning, burning,
they are flat. corrosion or environmental contamination.
When transporting or shipping batteries, the person • By disposing of the product irresponsibly you
in charge of the product must ensure that the appli- may enable unauthorized persons to use it in
cable national and international rules and regula- contravention of the regulations, exposing them-
tions are observed. Before transportation or ship- selves and third parties to the risk of severe
ping contact your local passenger or freight trans- injury and rendering the environment liable to
port company. contamination.
• Improper disposal of silicone oil may cause
 WARNING
High mechanical stress, high ambient
environmental contamination.

temperatures or immersion into fluids can cause

leackage, fire or explosions of the batteries.

TPS400-4.0.0en 118 Safety Directions

Precautions: cables, are correctly adapted, fitted, secured, and
The product must not be disposed with locked in position.
household waste. Dispose of the product Avoid subjecting the product to mechanical stress.
appropriately in accordance with the
national regulations in force in your
country. Always prevent access to the product by
 CAUTION
Only Leica Geosystems authorized work-
shops are entitled to repair these products.
unauthorized personnel.
Product specific treatment and waste management
information can be downloaded from the Leica
Geosystems home page at http://www.leica-
geosystems.com/treatment or received from your
Leica Geosystems dealer.

 CAUTION
If the accessories used with the product are
not properly secured and the product is subjected to
mechanical shock, for example blows or falling, the
product may be damaged or people may sustain
injury.
Precautions:
When setting-up the product, make sure that the
accessories, for example tripod, tribrach, connecting

Safety Directions 119 TPS400-4.0.0en

 Description Value
Laser classification
Maximum average radiant power 0.33 mW ± 5%
Integrated Distancer, Measurements with Maximum peak radiant power 4.12 mW ± 5%
Reflectors (IR mode) Pulse duration 800 ps
The EDM module built into the product Pulse repetition frequency 100 MHz
produces an invisible laser beam which Beam divergence 1.5 mrad x 3 mrad
emerges from the telescope objective.

The product is a Class 1 laser product in accordance

with:
• IEC 60825-1 (2001-08): "Safety of Laser Prod-
ucts"
• EN 60825-1:1994 + A11:1996 + A2:2001:
"Safety of Laser Products"
Class 1 Laser Products are safe under reasonably
foreseeable conditions of operation and are not
harmful to the eyes provided that the products are
used and maintained in accordance with the instruc-
tions.

TPS400-4.0.0en 120 Safety Directions

 The EDM module built into this product Description Value
produces a visible laser beam which Maximum average radiant power 0.33 mW ± 5%
emerges from the telescope objective. Maximum peak radiant power 4.12 mW ± 5%
Pulse duration 800 ps
Pulse repetition frequency 100 MHz - 150 MHz
The product is a Class 1 Laser Product in accor-
Beam divergence 1.5 mrad x 3 mrad
dance with:
• IEC 60825-1 (2001-08): "Safety of Laser Prod-
ucts"
• EN 60825-1:1994 + A11:1996 + A2:2001:
"Safety of Laser Products"
Class 1 Laser Products are safe under reasonably
foreseeable conditions of operation and are not
harmful to the eyes provided that the products are
used and maintained in accordance with the instruc-
tions.

Safety Directions 121 TPS400-4.0.0en

Labelling

Type: TC.... Art.No.: ......

Power: 12V/6V ---, 1A max
Leica Geosystems AG
CH-9435 Heerbrugg
Manufactured: ......
Made in Switzerland S.No.: ......
Complies with 21 CFR 1040.10 and 1040.11
except for deviations pursuant to Laser Notice
No.50, dated July 26,2001.
This device complies with part 15 of the FCC
Rules. Operation is subject to the following two
conditions: (1) This device may not cause harm-
ful interference, and (2) this device must accept
any interference received, including inte
ference that may cause undesired operation.

Class 1 Laser Product

according to IEC 60825-1

(2001-08)

TC400Z95
a) Laser beam exit

TPS400-4.0.0en 122 Safety Directions

Integrated Distancer, Measurements without Description R100 R300
Reflectors (RL mode) Maximum average
radiant power 4.75 mW ± 5% 4.75 mW ± 5%
As an alternative to the invisible laser, the Maximum peak
EDM incorporated into the product radiant power 59 mW ± 5% 59 mW ± 5%
produces a visible red laser beam which Pulse duration 800 ps 800 ps
emerges from the telescope objective. Pulse repetition 100 MHz -
frequency 100 MHz 150 MHz
The products are Class 3R Laser Products in accor- 1.5 mrad x 1.5 mrad x
dance with: Beam divergence
0.35 mrad 0.5 mrad
• IEC 60825-1 (2001-08): "Safety of Laser Prod-
ucts"
• EN 60825-1:1994 + A11:1996 + A2:2001:
"Safety of Laser Products"
Class 3R Laser Products:
For safety aspects direct intrabeam viewing should
always be considered as hazardous. Avoid direct
eye exposure. The accessible emission limit is
within five times the accessible emission limits of
Class 2 in the wavelength range from 400 nm to
700 nm.

Safety Directions 123 TPS400-4.0.0en

 The EDM module built into the product Description Value
produces a visible laser beam which Maximum average radiant power 4.75 mW ± 5%
emerges from the telescope objective. Maximum peak radiant power 59 mW ± 5%
Pulse duration 800 ps
The products are Class 3R Laser Products in accor-
dance with: Pulse repetition frequency 100 MHz - 150 MHz
• IEC 60825-1 (2001-08): "Safety of Laser Prod- Beam divergence 0.2 mrad x 0.3 mrad
ucts"
• EN 60825-1:1994 + A11:1996 + A2:2001:
"Safety of Laser Products"
Class 3R Laser Products:  WARNING
For safety aspects direct intrabeam viewing
For safety aspects direct intrabeam viewing should should be considered always as hazardous.
always be considered as hazardous. Avoid direct Precautions:
eye exposure. The accessible emission limit is Do not stare into the beam or direct it towards other
within five times the accessible emission limits of people unnecessarily. These measures are also
Class 2 in the wavelength range from 400 nm to valid for the reflected beam.
700 nm.
 WARNING
Looking directly into the reflected laser
beam could be dangerous to the eyes when the
laser beam is aimed at areas that reflect like a mirror
or emit reflections unexpectedly, for example
prisms, mirrors, metallic surfaces or windows.

TPS400-4.0.0en 124 Safety Directions

Precautions: Class 3R Laser Products used on construction sites
Do not aim at areas that are essentially reflective, and outdoors, for example surveying, alignment,
such as a mirror, or which could emit unwanted levelling:
reflections. Do not look through or beside the optical a) Only qualified and trained persons should be
sight at prisms or reflecting objects when the laser is assigned to install, adjust and operate the laser
switched on, in Laserpointer or distance measure- equipment.
ment mode. Aiming at prisms is only permitted when b) Areas in which these lasers are used should be
looking through the telescope. posted with an appropriate laser warning sign.

 WARNING
The use of Laser Class 3R equipment can
c) Precautions should be taken to ensure that
persons do not look directly, with or without an
be dangerous. optical product, into the beam.
Precautions: d) The laser beam should be terminated at the end
To counteract hazards, it is essential for every user of its useful beam path and should in all cases
to respect the safety precautions and control be terminated if the hazardous beam path
measures specified in the standard IEC 60825-1 extends beyond the limit (hazard distance *)) of
(2001-08) resp. EN 60825-1:1994 + A11:1996 + the area in which the presence and activities of
A2:2001, within the hazard distance *); pay partic- personnel are monitored for reasons of protec-
ular attention to Section Three "User's Guide". tion from laser radiation.
e) The laser beam path should be located well
Following an interpretation of the main points in the above or below eye level wherever practicable.
relevant section of the standard quoted.

Safety Directions 125 TPS400-4.0.0en

f) When not in use the Laser Product should be
stored in a location where unauthorized
personnel cannot gain access.
g) Precautions should be taken to ensure that the
laser beam is not unintentionally directed at
mirror-like, specular surfaces, for example
mirrors, metal surfaces or windows. But, more
importantly, at flat or concave mirror-like
surfaces.
*) The hazard distance is the distance from the
laser at which beam irradiance or radiant expo-
sure equals the maximum permissible value to
which personnel may be exposed without being
exposed to a health risk.

For products with an integrated distancer of laser

class 3R the hazard distance is 96 m / 315 ft. At this
distance, the laser beam rates as Class 1M, that
means direct intrabeam viewing is not hazardous.

TPS400-4.0.0en 126 Safety Directions

Labelling

Laser Aperture

Laser Radiation
Avoid direct eye exposure
Class 3R Laser Product
according to IEC 60825-1
( 2001 - 08 )
Po ≤ 4.75 mW
λ = 650 - 690 nm

a)Laser beam

Safety Directions 127 TPS400-4.0.0en

 Type: TC.... Art.No.: ......
Power: 12V/6V ---, 1A max
Leica Geosystems AG
CH-9435 Heerbrugg
Manufactured: ......
Made in Switzerland S.No.: ......
Complies with 21 CFR 1040.10 and 1040.11
except for deviations pursuant to Laser Notice
No.50, dated July 26,2001.
This device complies with part 15 of the FCC
Rules. Operation is subject to the following two
conditions: (1) This device may not cause harm-
ful interference, and (2) this device must accept
any interference received, including inte
ference that may cause undesired operation.

TC400Z96

TPS400-4.0.0en 128 Safety Directions

Electronic Guide Light EGL
The integrated electronic guide light produces a
visible LED beam from the front side of the tele-
Class 1 LED Product
scope. Depending on the type of telescope the EGL
may be designed differently. according to IEC 60825-1
(2001-08)

The product is a Class 1 LED product in accordance

with:
TC400Z97
• IEC 60825-1 (2001-08): "Safety of Laser Prod-
ucts" Flashing LED Yellow Red
• EN 60825-1:1994 + A11:1996 + A2:2001: Maximum average 0.28 mW ± 5% 0.47 mW ± 5%
radiant power
"Safety of Laser Products"
Maximum peak 0.75 mW ± 5% 2.5 mW ± 5%
radiant power
Class 1 LED products are safe under reasonably
Pulse duration 2 x 105 ms 1 x 105 ms
foreseeable conditions of operation and are not
Pulse repetition
harmful to the eyes provided that the products are frequency
1.786 Hz 1.786 Hz
used and maintained in accordance with the instruc-
Beam divergence 2.4 ° 2.4 °
tions.

Safety Directions 129 TPS400-4.0.0en

 Laser plummet
The laser plummet built into the product produces a
visible red laser beam which emerges from the
bottom of the product.

The product is a Class 2 Laser Product in accor-

dance with:
• IEC 60825-1 (2001-08): "Safety of Laser Prod-
ucts"
• EN 60825-1:1994 + A11:1996 + A2:2001:
TC400Z98
"Safety of Laser Products".
1) Exit for flashing red LED
2) Exit for flashing yellow LED Class 2 Laser Products:
Do not stare into the beam or direct it unnecessarily
at other persons. Eye protection is normally afforded
by aversion responses including the blink reflex.
Description Value
Maximum average radiant power 0.95 mW ± 5%
Pulse duration c.w.
Beam divergence 0.16 mrad x 0.6 mrad

TPS400-4.0.0en 130 Safety Directions

 WARNING
It can be dangerous to look into the beam
with optical equipment, for example binoculars or
telescopes.
Precautions:
Do not look directly into the beam with optical equip-
ment.

Safety Directions 131 TPS400-4.0.0en

Labelling

Laser Radiation
Do not stare into beam
Class 2 Laser Product
according to IEC 60825-1
(2001-08)
P0 ≤ 0.95 mW
λ = 620 - 690 nm

TC400Z99
a) Will be replaced by a Class 3R warning label if
applicable

TPS400-4.0.0en 132 Safety Directions

 Electromagnetic Compatibility EMC
The term Electromagnetic Compatibility is taken to
mean the capability of the product to function
smoothly in an environment where electromagnetic
radiation and electrostatic discharges are present,
and without causing electromagnetic disturbances
to other equipment.

 WARNING
Electromagnetic radiation can cause distur-
bances in other equipment.
Although the product meet the strict regulations and
TC400Z100
standards which are in force in this respect, Leica
1) Exit for laser beam Geosystems cannot completely exclude the possi-
2) Laser beam bility that other equipment may be disturbed.

Safety Directions 133 TPS400-4.0.0en

 CAUTION:
There is a risk that disturbances may be
intense electromagnetic radiation, for example, near
radio transmitters, two-way radios or diesel genera-
caused in other equipment if the product is used in tors.
conjunction with accessories from other manufac- Precautions:
turers, for example field computers, personal Check the plausibility of results obtained under
computers, two-way radios, non-standard cables or these conditions.
external batteries.
Precautions:
Use only the equipment and accessories recom-
 WARNING
If the product is operated with connecting
cables attached at only one of their two ends, for
mended by Leica Geosystems. When combined
example external supply cables, interface cables,
with the product, they meet the strict requirements
the permitted level of electromagnetic radiation may
stipulated by the guidelines and standards. When
be exceeded and the correct functioning of other
using computers and two-way radios, pay attention
products may be impaired.
to the information about electromagnetic accept-
ability provided by the manufacturer. Precautions:
While the product is in use, connecting cables, for
 CAUTION
Disturbances caused by electromagnetic
example product to external battery, product to
computer, must be connected at both ends.
radiation can result in erroneous measurements.
Although the product meets the strict regulations
and standards which are in force in this respect,
Leica Geosystems cannot completely exclude the
possibility that the product may be disturbed by very

TPS400-4.0.0en 134 Safety Directions

 • Increase the separation between the equipment
FCC Statement (Applicable in U.S.) and receiver.

 WARNING
This equipment has been tested and found
• Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit
different from that to which the receiver is
to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, connected.
pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules. • Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV
technician for help.
These limits are designed to provide reasonable
protection against harmful interference in a residen-
tial installation.  WARNING
Changes or modifications not expressly
This equipment generates, uses and can radiate approved by Leica Geosystems for compliance
frequency energy and, if not installed and used in could void the user's authority to operate the equip-
accordance with the instructions, may cause ment.
harmful interference to radio communications.
However, there is no guarantee that interference will
not occur in a particular installation.
If this equipment does cause harmful interference to
radio or television reception, which can be deter-
mined by turning the equipment off and on, the user
is encouraged to try to correct the interference by
one or more of the following measures:
• Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.

Safety Directions 135 TPS400-4.0.0en

Labelling:

........ ..........: ......

............. ..........
.......................
.......................
....................
.................... ........: ......
....................

This device complies with part 15 of the FCC

Rules. Operation is subject to the following two
conditions: (1) This device may not cause harm-
ful interference, and (2) this device must accept
any interference received, including inte
ference that may cause undesired operation.

TC400Z101

TPS400-4.0.0en 136 Safety Directions

Technical Data
Telescope Display resolution
• Transit fully gon........................................................ 0.0005
• Magnification:............................................. 30x 360d...................................................... 0.0005
• Image: ................................................... upright 360s ..............................................................1"
• Free Objective aperture: ....................... 40 mm mil ............................................................. 0.01
• Shortest focussing distance: ........1.7 m (5.6 ft) Level sensitivity
• Focusing: ................................................... fine • Circular level: ...................................... 6'/2 mm
• Field of view: ..............................1°30' (1.7gon)
• Telescope field of view at 100m.............. 2.6 m Compensator:
• 2-axis-oil compensator
Angle measurement • Setting range ............................. ±4' (0.07 gon)
• absolute, continuous, • Setting accuracy ..............................................
• Updates each 0.3 seconds TC(R)407 ................................... 2" (0.7 mgon)
• Units selectable TC(R)405 ................................ 1.5" (0.5 mgon)
360° sexagesimal, 400gon, TC(R)403 ................................... 1" (0.3 mgon)
360° decimal, 6400 mil, V%, ±V
• Accuracy standard deviation Hz, V
(acc. to ISO 17123-3)
TC(R)403 ...................................... 3" (1 mgon)
TC(R)405 ................................... 5" (1.5 mgon)
TC(R)407 ...................................... 7" (2 mgon)

Technical Data 137 TPS400-4.0.0en

Laser plummet Dimensions:
• Location: .................. in vertical axis of product • product: ............................................................
• Accuracy: ..................................Deviation from Height (including tribrach and carrying handle):
.............................................plumbline 1.5 mm - with tribrach GDF111.....................................
............................................ (2 sigma) at 1.5 m ............................................... 360 mm ± 5 mm
.................................................. product height Width:.................................................. 203 mm
• Diameter of laser point............. 2.5 mm / 1.5 m Length: ................................................ 151 mm
Keyboard: • Case: ................................... 468x254x355mm
• Tilt angle: ....................................................70° ............................................................ (LxBxH)
• optional 2nd keyboard Weight:
Display: (including battery and tribrach)
• Backlit • with tribrach GDF111 ............................. 5,2 kg
• Heatable................................... (Temp. < -5°C) Tilting axis height:
• LCD:........................................ 280 x 160 Pixel • without tribrach ................................... 196 mm
• 8 lines with 31 characters each • with tribrach GDF111 ............. 240 mm ± 5 mm
Type of tribrach: Power supply:
• Tribrach removable GDF111 • Battery GEB111: ......................................NiMh
Thread diam.:.............................................5/8" Voltage:........................................................6V
.........................................(DIN 18720 / BS 84) Capacity: ..........................................2100 mAh
• Battery GEB121: ......................................NiMh
Voltage:........................................................6V
Capacity: ..........................................4200 mAh

TPS400-4.0.0en 138 Technical Data

• External supply Recording:
(via serial interface) • RS232 interface ......................................... Yes
............................. If an external cable is used, • Internal Memory ........................................ Yes
........................then the voltage range must lie Total capacity....................................... 576 KB
..................................between 11.5V and 14V. ................................... ≈ 10000 data blocks or
No. of measurements (angle + distance): ............................................ ≈ 16000 fixpoints
• GEB111: ..................................... approx. 4000
• GEB121: ..................................... approx. 9000
Temperature range:
Operating Storage
Type
temperature temperature
-20°C to +50°C / -40°C to +70°C /
TPS400 -4°F to +122°F -40°F to +158°F
-20°C to +50°C / -40°C to +55°C /
Battery internal -4°F to +131°F -40°F to +131°F

Automatic corrections:
• Line-of-sight error.......................................Yes
• Vertical-index error.....................................Yes
• Earth curvature ..........................................Yes
• Refraction...................................................Yes
• Tilt correction .............................................Yes

Technical Data 139 TPS400-4.0.0en

Distance measurement (IR: Reflector mode): * Beam interruptions, severe heat shimmer and
Principle: Phase measurement moving objects within the beam path can result in
Type: Coaxial, infrared laser Class 1 deviations of the specified accuracy.
Carrier wave:780 nm
Range: (normal and rapid measurement)
Measuring Special frequency system basis
Tape
system: 100 MHz 1.5 m Standard 3 prisms 360° 60mm x Mini 360° Mini
prism (GPH3) reflector prism prism
60mm
Principle: Phase measurement 1800 m 2300 m 800 m
1 (6000 ft) (7500 ft) (2600 ft)
150 m 800 m 450 m
(500 ft) (2600 ft) (1500 ft)
Type: Coaxial, visible red laser Class 1
3000 m 4500 m 1500 m 250 m 1200 m 800 m
Carrier wave:660 nm 2 (10000 ft) (14700 ft) (5000 ft) (800 ft) (4000 ft) (2600 ft)
Measuring System analyser basis 100 MHz
system: - 150 MHz 3 3500 m 5400 m 2000 m 250 m 2000 m 1000 m
(12000 ft) (17700 ft) (7000 ft) (800 ft) (7000 ft) (3500 ft)
• EDM type ..............................................coaxial 1) Strong haze, visibility 5km; or strong sunlight, severe
heat shimmer
• Display (least count) ............................... 1 mm 2) Light haze, visibility about 20km; or moderate sunlight,
slight heat shimmer
EDM Accuracy* Time per 3) Overcast, no haze, visibility about 40km; no heat
measuring (Standard deviation measure- shimmer
program acc. to ISO 17123-4) ment
IR_Fine 2 mm + 2 ppm <1 sec.
IR_Fast 5 mm + 2 ppm <0.5 sec.
Tracking 5 mm + 2 ppm <0.3 sec.
IR Tape 5 mm + 2 ppm <0.5 sec

TPS400-4.0.0en 140 Technical Data

Distance measurement (RL: Reflectorless mode)
Power: Range (without reflector)
Measuring Special frequency system
Atmospheric No reflector No reflector
system R100: basis 100 MHz 1.5 m conditions (white target)* (grey, albedo 0.25)
Measuring System analyser basis 4 140 m (460 ft) 70 m (230 ft)
system R300: 100 MHz - 150 MHz
5 170 m (560 ft) 100 m (330 ft)
Type: Coaxial, visible red laser
6 >170 m (560 ft) >100 m (330 ft)
Class 3R
Carrier wave: 670 nm Ultra: Range (without reflector)
Atmospheric No reflector No reflector
Measuring System analyser basis conditions (white target)* (grey, albedo 0.25)
system: 100 MHz - 150 MHz 4 300 m (990 ft) 200 m (660 ft)
Type: Coaxial, visible red laser
5 500 m (1640 ft) 300 m (990 ft)
Class 3R
6 >500 m (>1640 ft) >300 m (>990 ft)
Carrier wave: 660 nm

Distance measurement (without reflector)

* Kodak Grey Card used with exposure meter for
• Range of measurement:
reflected light
Power....................................... 1.5 m to 300 m
...................................(to target plate 710 333) 4) Object in strong sunlight, severe heat shimmer
Ultra ....................................... 1.5 m to >500 m 5) Object in shade, or sky overcast
...................................(to target plate 710 333) 6) Day, night and twilight
• Display unambiguous:........................ to 760 m
• Prism constant (additive constant):. + 34.4 mm

Technical Data 141 TPS400-4.0.0en

 Distance measurement RL-prism (with reflector)
EDM Accuracy** Time per
• Range of measurement: .......... from 1000m up
measuring (Standard devia- measurement
program tion acc. to ISO • Display unambiguous: ....................... to 12 km
17123-4)
3.0 sec. Ultra & Power: Range (with reflector)
Standard 3 mm + 2 ppm +1.0 sec./10m > 30m Atmospheric Standard- Reflector tape
Prism 5 mm + 2 ppm 2.5 sec. conditions prism 60 x 60
1.0 sec. 1 2200 m (7200 ft) 600 m (2000 ft)
Tracking 5 mm + 2 ppm +0.3 sec./10m > 30m 2 7500 m (24600 ft) 1000 m (3300 ft)
3 > 10000 m (33000 ft) 1300 m (4200 ft)
** Beam interruptions, severe heat shimmer and
moving objects within the beam path can result in 1) Strong haze, visibility 5km; or strong sunlight,
deviations of the specefied accuracy. severe heat shimmer
2) Light haze, visibility about 20km; or moderate
sunlight, slight heat shimmer
3) Overcast, no haze, visibility about 40km; no
heat shimmer

TPS400-4.0.0en 142 Technical Data

Atmospheric correction
The distance displayed is correct only if the scale
correction in ppm (mm/km) which has been entered
corresponds to the atmospheric conditions
prevailing at the time of the measurement.
The atmospheric correction takes air pressure and
air temperature into account.
For utmost precision in distance measurements,
atmospheric correction must be determined with
1 ppm accuracy, air temperature to 1°C and air pres-
sure to 3mb accuracy.

Technical Data 143 TPS400-4.0.0en

Atmospheric correction in ppm with °C, mb, H Atmospheric correction in ppm with °F, inch Hg,
(metres) at 60% relative humidity H (feet) at 60% relative humidity

TC400Z102 TC400Z103

TPS400-4.0.0en 144 Technical Data

Reduction formulae The product calculates slope distance, horizontal
distance and height difference in accordance with
the following formula. Earth curvature and mean
refraction coefficient (k = 0.13) are taken into
account automatically. The calculated horizontal
distance relates to the station height, not to the
reflector height.

= D0 · (1 + ppm · 10-6) + mm

= displayed slope distance [m]

D0 = uncorrected distance [m]
ppm = scale correction [mm/km]
mm = prism constant [mm]

=Y-A·X·V
TC400Z104

Height measurement
= X + B · Y2
1) Mean sea level
2) product = horizontal distance [m]
3) Reflector
= height difference [m]

Technical Data 145 TPS400-4.0.0en

Y = · |sin ζ |
X = · cos ζ
ζ = vertical-circle reading

A = = 1.47 · 10-7 [m-1]

B = = 6.83 · 10-8 [m-1]

k = 0.13
R = 6.37 · 106 m

TPS400-4.0.0en 146 Technical Data

Index
A Beep .................................................................. 83
Abbreviations ..................................................... 13 Brg ..................................................................... 73
Additional characters ......................................... 40 C
Adverse uses ................................................... 112 Calibration ......................................................... 95
Alphanumerical input ......................................... 39 Care and Storage ............................................ 103
Angle measurement ........................................ 137 Cartesian Stake out ........................................... 59
Angle Unit .......................................................... 85 Character set ..................................................... 40
Application default settings ................................ 50 Checking and adjusting ................................... 107
Applications ....................................................... 56 Circular level ................................................... 107
Area ................................................................... 74 Cleaning .......................................................... 106
Atmospheric correction .................................... 143 Codelist ............................................................. 92
Automatic corrections ...................................... 139 Codelist Manager .............................................. 16
Auto-OFF ........................................................... 84 Collimation axis ................................................. 13
Azimuth ............................................................. 73 Communication parameters .............................. 99
B Compensator ............................................. 25, 137
Base Line .................................................... 66, 67 Computation procedure ..................................... 61
Battery ............................................................. 101 Construction application .................................... 77
Battery capacity ................................................. 25 Contrast ............................................................. 81
Baudrate ............................................................ 99 Coordinate Editor .............................................. 16

Index 147 TPS400-4.0.0en

D Erasing characters ............................................ 37
Data Exchange Manager ................................... 16 ESC ................................................................... 20
Data Output ....................................................... 83 Extending / editing code .................................... 80
Data Transfer .................................................. 100 F
Databits ............................................................. 99 FCC Statement ............................................... 135
Date ................................................................. 101 File Management .............................................. 91
Delete Last Record ............................................ 45 Fixed keys ......................................................... 20
Dimensions ...................................................... 138 Fixpoints ............................................................ 92
Display ............................................................. 138 FNC ............................................................. 20, 44
Distance measurement ............. 21, 140, 141, 142 Free Station ....................................................... 60
Distance Unit ..................................................... 85 Free-Coding ...................................................... 44
DSP Heater ....................................................... 83 Function keys .................................................... 19
E G
Edit mode .......................................................... 37 GSI 8/16 ............................................................ 84
EDM Mode ........................................................ 86 GSI output format .............................................. 84
EDM Settings .................................................... 86 GSI output mask ............................................... 84
EDM type ........................................................... 25 GSI-coding ........................................................ 79
EGL ................................................................... 88 GSI-ID’s ........................................................... 100
Electromagnetic acceptability .......................... 133 Guide Light ........................................................ 88
Electronic Guide Light EGL ............................. 129
Electronic level ............................................ 33, 34 H
Endmark ............................................................ 99 Hazards of use ................................................ 116

TPS400-4.0.0en 148 Index

Height determination of remote points .............. 76 IR-Track ............................................................ 86
Height transfer ................................................... 47 J
Hidden Point ...................................................... 48 Job .................................................................... 91
Horizontal circle ................................................. 13 JPMINI .............................................................. 87
Horizontal direction ............................................ 13
Hz Collimation ................................................... 84 K
Hz Incrementation ............................................. 83 Keyboard ......................................................... 138
Keypad .............................................................. 19
I
Known Point ...................................................... 51
Initialize Memory ............................................... 93
Input method ..................................................... 85 L
Input mode - method 1 ...................................... 36 Labelling .......................................... 122, 132, 136
Inserting / Replacing Battery ............................. 28 Language .......................................................... 83
Inserting characters ........................................... 38 Language choice ......................................... 20, 83
Instr.Temp. ...................................................... 101 Laser classification .......................................... 120
Instrument Protection ...................................... 102 Laser intensity ................................................... 35
Interface ............................................................ 99 Laser plummet ................................ 108, 130, 138
Interface plug connections ................................ 99 Laser Pointer ..................................................... 88
IR ....................................................................... 44 Laserpointer ...................................................... 44
IR/ RL Toggle .................................................... 44 Leica Geo Office Tools ................................ 16, 80
IR-Fast ............................................................... 86 Level .................................................................. 34
IR-Fine ............................................................... 86 Level sensitivity ............................................... 137
IR-Tape ............................................................. 86 Level/Plummet .................................................. 44

Index 149 TPS400-4.0.0en

LGO-Tools ......................................................... 80 Orthogonal Setout ............................................. 70
Light On /Off ...................................................... 44 Orthogonal Stake out ........................................ 58
Limits of use .................................................... 113 P
Line of sight ....................................................... 13
P/Temp .............................................................. 89
Line-of-sight error ........................................ 14, 95
PAGE ................................................................ 20
M Parity ................................................................. 99
Mask 1/2 ............................................................ 84 Permitted uses ................................................ 112
Measurements ............................................. 60, 92 PIN ............................................................ 45, 102
Measuring .......................................................... 43 Plumb line ......................................................... 14
Measuring facilities ............................................ 61 Pointsearch ....................................................... 41
Memory ............................................................. 93 Polar Stake out .................................................. 58
MENU .......................................................... 20, 26 Polygonal Method ............................................. 72
Menu tree .......................................................... 26 Positioning ......................................................... 35
Min. Reading ..................................................... 84 Power Supply .................................................... 18
N Power supply ................................................... 138
PPM .................................................................. 89
Navigation keys ................................................. 19
Pressure ............................................................ 85
No. of measurements ...................................... 139
Prism Constant .................................................. 88
Numerical input ................................................. 39
Prism type ......................................................... 87
O Programs ........................................................... 50
Offset ................................................................. 25 PUK code ........................................................ 102
Orientation ......................................................... 52

TPS400-4.0.0en 150 Index

R Setting job ......................................................... 50
Radial Method ................................................... 72 Setting Station ................................................... 51
Range .............................................. 140, 141, 142 Settings ............................................................. 81
Recording ........................................................ 139 Signal ................................................................ 90
Reduction formulae ......................................... 145 Signs ................................................................. 40
Reference Line .................................................. 66 Softkeys ............................................................ 24
Reflective targets ............................................... 87 Software Upload ................................................ 16
Reflectorless EDM ........................................... 109 Stake out ........................................................... 57
Responsibilities ............................................... 114 Standard prism .................................................. 87
Reticle ............................................................... 14 Standing axis ..................................................... 13
Reticle Illumin. ................................................... 83 Standing axis inclination .................................... 14
RL ...................................................................... 44 Start programs .................................................. 50
RL-Prism ........................................................... 87 Start-up sequence ............................................. 94
RL-Short ............................................................ 87 Statistics ............................................................ 93
RL-Track ............................................................ 87 Stopbits ............................................................. 99
Rod Length ........................................................ 48 Storage ............................................................ 104
RS232 ............................................................... 83 Surveying .......................................................... 56
S Symbols ............................................................ 25
System Info ..................................................... 101
Safety Directions ............................................. 112
SCALE ............................................................... 89 T
Sector Beep ....................................................... 82 Target Offset ..................................................... 45
Set manually ...................................................... 51 Technical Data ................................................ 137

Index 151 TPS400-4.0.0en

Technical terms ................................................. 13 Volume ........................................................ 56, 74
Telescope ........................................................ 137 V-Setting ........................................................... 81
Temperature ...................................................... 85 W
Temperature range .......................................... 139
Weight ............................................................. 138
Tie Distance ...................................................... 72
Wildcard search ................................................ 42
Tilt Correction .................................................... 81
Tilting axis ......................................................... 13 Z
Tilting axis height ............................................. 138 Zenith ................................................................ 14
Time ................................................................ 101 Zenith angle ...................................................... 13
Transport ......................................................... 103
Tribrach ................................................... 108, 138
Trigger key .................................................. 20, 81
Tripod .................................................. 30, 33, 107
U
Units .................................................................. 44
USER ................................................................ 20
USER Key ......................................................... 81
V
Vertical angle ..................................................... 13
Vertical circle ..................................................... 13
V-Index ........................................................ 14, 95

TPS400-4.0.0en 152 Index

Index 153 TPS400-4.0.0en
 731037-4.0.0en Original text
Printed in Switzerland - Copyright Leica Geosystems AG, Heerbrugg,
Switzerland 2006
Total Quality Management: Our commitment to total customer satisfaction.

Leica Geosystems AG, Heerbrugg, Switzerland, has been

certified as being equipped with a quality system which
meets the International Standards of Quality Management
and Quality Systems (ISO standard 9001) and
Environmental Management Systems (ISO standard
14001).

Ask your local Leica dealer for more information about our TQM program.

Leica Geosystems AG
Heinrich-Wild-Strasse
CH-9435 Heerbrugg
Switzerland
Phone +41 71 727 31 31

www.leica-geosystems.com