of
vapours of phenol are Passey
{vl From phenol;- When var Ove,
zinc dust then it Is converted Into benzene. As removal ofr ,
ess Is called reduy Rs
place from phenol hence such proc: Tuco, ur \
n
. ol S
say ss Ove
fauso
Phenol
Benzene
(vl) From_sod benzoate;:-_ Sodium benzoate on
: wa ab een In this process remove me
sodlum hydroxide forms be! . al of
takes place hence Jt is called decarboxylauon, L
COONa
4 nao —9() +Na,Co,
Sodium benzoate Benzene
Bm
A Physical Properties of Benzene:= Benzene is a colourless Niquid he,
mp. 5.5°C, b.p. 80°C with a peculiar smell, Itis highly inflammable ay atom,
compounds contain more carbon and less hy en. Benzene burns vin
smoky flame as it contains 93.6% carbon. It is 5 n water. It 18 hop,
miscible in ethanol and ether and dissolves futs, resins, sulphur, iodine tte).
toxic compound and causes blood cancer, It is used for the Manufacrars ,
nitrobenzene, dyes and drugs.
Structure of Benzene:— Chemical analysis and molecular Weight dete,
tination show that the molecular formula of benzene ISCGH,. The correspen.
ig alkane is n— hexane having the molecules formula C,H, . Thus denser.
highly unsaturated hydrocarbon and because of this we might expect iy
nzene behaves like other unsaturated hydrocarbons which undergo ads,
n reactionssg
However, when benzene is treated with Cl, or Br, in dark of with aqueoa
(nO, or with dilute acidsno reaction occurs. Where as unsaturated aliphat:
rocarbons react. Benzene reacts with these reagents but under differer
Jitions and undergoes substitution reaction. Substitution reaction is
‘common kind of reaction of the aromatic ring ie replacement of hydrog
tother atom or group of atoms.