CHC® P5™ GNSS

Reference Receiver
User Guide

Revision 1.0
03/16/2021

1
Table of Contents

Table of Contents

Table of Contents .................................................................................................. 2

Safety Information ................................................................................................ 4
Regulations and Safety .......................................................................................... 4
Type Approval ........................................................................................................ 4
Exposure to Radio Frequency Radiation ................................................................ 4
Battery Safety......................................................................................................... 5
DC Power Supply Safety ......................................................................................... 6
Wet Location Safety ............................................................................................... 6
1 Introduction ....................................................................................................... 7
1.1 About the Receiver .......................................................................................... 7
1.2 Technical Support ............................................................................................ 7
1.3 Disclaimer......................................................................................................... 8
1.4 The User’s Comments ...................................................................................... 8
2 Overview ........................................................................................................... 9
2.1 Receiver Framework ........................................................................................ 9
2.1.1 The Network Appliance Concept ........................................................ 10
2.2 Receiver Services ........................................................................................... 10
2.3 Receiver Features........................................................................................... 11
2.4 Use and Care .................................................................................................. 12
2.5 Electronic Interface ........................................................................................ 12
2.6 Keypad and Display ........................................................................................ 13
2.7 Rear Connectors............................................................................................. 14
3 Batteries and Power ..........................................................................................15
3.1 External Power ............................................................................................... 15
3.2 Battery Safety................................................................................................. 16
3.3 Battery Performance...................................................................................... 16
3.4 Charging the Battery ...................................................................................... 17
3.5 Storing the Battery ......................................................................................... 17
3.6 Removing the Battery .................................................................................... 18
4 Setting Up the Receiver .....................................................................................19
4.1 Guidelines ...................................................................................................... 19
4.1.1 Environmental Conditions .................................................................. 19
4.1.2 Sources of Electrical Interference ....................................................... 19
4.1.3 Uninterruptible Power Supply ............................................................ 20
4.1.4 Lighting and Surge Protection............................................................. 20
4.1.5 Placing the Antenna ............................................................................ 20
4.2 System installation ......................................................................................... 21
4.2.1 Supported Antenna ............................................................................. 21
4.2.2 System Installation Diagram ............................................................... 22

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Table of Contents

5 Configuring the Receiver: Keypad, Indicator LEDs, and Display ...........................25

5.1 Button Functions ............................................................................................ 25
5.2 Indicator LEDs ................................................................................................ 26
5.3 Home Screen .................................................................................................. 26
5.4 Status Screens ................................................................................................ 27
5.5 Setting Up the Receiver as Part of An Ethernet Configuration...................... 28
6 Configuring the Receiver: Other Than Keypad and Display .................................29
6.1 Configuring the Ethernet Settings ................................................................. 29
6.2 Configuring through A Web Browser ............................................................. 30
6.2.1 Changing the Settings ......................................................................... 31
6.2.1.1 Status Menu ....................................................................... 31
6.2.1.2 Satellites Menu .................................................................. 33
6.2.1.3 Receiver Configuration Menu ............................................ 36
6.2.1.4 Data Recording Menu ........................................................ 41
6.2.1.5 I/O Settings Menu .............................................................. 47
6.2.1.6 Network Set Menu ............................................................. 53
6.2.1.7 Network Security Menu ..................................................... 55
6.2.1.8 Module Setting Menu ........................................................ 57
6.2.1.9 Firmware Menu ................................................................. 59
7 Default Setting and Configuration Files ..............................................................63
7.1.1 Default Receiver Settings .................................................................... 63
7.1.2 Resetting the Receiver to Factory Defaults ........................................ 64
7.1.3 Using Configuration Files to Duplicate Receiver Settings ................... 64
8 Specifications ....................................................................................................66
8.1 GNSS Characteristics ...................................................................................... 66
8.2 Communication .............................................................................................. 67
8.3 Physical........................................................................................................... 68
8.4 Electrical ......................................................................................................... 68
8.5 General ........................................................................................................... 69
8.6 Data storage ................................................................................................... 69
A. Upgrading the Receiver Firmware ....................................................................70
A.I. Upgrading the Receiver Firmware ................................................................. 70
A.I.i. Upgrading through the USB Port ......................................................... 70
A.I.ii. Upgrading through A Browser ............................................................ 70
B. Troubleshooting...............................................................................................71
B.I. Receiver Issues ............................................................................................... 71
C. Communication Ports Definition ......................................................................73
C.I. CHC P5 Receiver COM (10-PIN LEMO Port) Definition .................................. 73
C.II. CHC P5 Receiver DB9 Male Connector Definition ........................................ 74
D. Glossary ..........................................................................................................75

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Safety Information

Safety Information

Before the user uses the user’s CHC® P5 GNSS reference receiver, make sure that the
user has read and understood all safety requirements.

Regulations and Safety

The receiver contains an internal wireless modem for communicating signals through
Bluetooth® wireless technology or through an external data communications radio.
Regulations regarding the use of the wireless modem vary greatly from country to
country. In some countries, the unit can be used without obtaining an end-user
license. Other countries require end-user licensing. For licensing information, consult
the user’s local CHC dealer.

Before operating a P5 GNSS reference receiver, determine if authorization or a

license to operate the unit is required in the user’s country. It is the responsibility of
the end-user to obtain an operator's permit or license for the receiver for the
location or country of use.

Type Approval

Type approval, or acceptance, covers technical parameters of the equipment related

to emissions that can cause interference. Type approval is granted to the
manufacturer of the transmission equipment, independent from the operation or
licensing of the units. Some countries have unique technical requirements for
operation radio modem frequency bands. To comply with those requirements, CHC
may have modified the user’s equipment to be granted Type approval. Unauthorized
modification of the units voids the Type approval, the warranty, and the operational
license of the equipment.

Exposure to Radio Frequency Radiation

Safety. Exposure to RF energy is an important safety consideration. The FCC has

adopted a safety standard for human exposure to radio frequency electromagnetic
energy emitted by FCC-regulated equipment. Proper use of this radio modem results
in an exposure below government limits. The following precautions are
recommended:

4
Safety Information

(1) Do not operate the transmitter when someone is 20 cm (7.8 inches) of the
antenna.

(2) Do not operate the transmitter unless all RF connectors are secured, and any
open connectors are correctly terminated.

(3) Do not operate the equipment near electrical blasting caps or in an explosive
atmosphere.

(4) All equipment must be correctly grounded for safe operation.

(5) All equipment should be serviced only by a qualified technician.

Battery Safety

WARNING – Do not damage the rechargeable Lithium-ion battery. A damaged

battery can cause an explosion or fire and can result in personal injury and/or
property damage. To prevent injury or damage:

(1) Do not use or charge the battery if it appears to be damaged. Signs of damage
include, but are not limited to, discoloration, warping, and leaking battery fluid.

(2) Do not expose the battery to fire, high temperature, or direct sunlight.

(3) Do not immerse the battery in water.

(4) Do not use or store the battery inside a vehicle during hot weather.

(5) Do not drop or puncture the battery.

(6) Do not open the battery or short-circuit its contacts.

WARNING – Avoid contact with the rechargeable Lithium-ion battery if it

appears to be leaking. Battery fluid is corrosive, and contact with it can result in
personal injury and/or property damage. To prevent injury or damage:

(1) If the battery leaks, avoid contact with the battery fluid.

(2) If battery fluid gets into the user’s eyes, immediately rinse the user’s eyes with
clean water and seek medical attention. Do not rub the user’s eyes!

(3) If battery fluid gets into the user’s skin or clothing, immediately use clean water
to wash off the battery fluid.

5
Safety Information

WARNING – Charge and use the rechargeable Lithium-ion battery only in strict
accordance with the instructions. Charging or using the battery in unauthorized
equipment can cause an explosion or fire and can result in personal injury and/or
equipment damage. To prevent injury or damage:

(1) Do not charge or use the battery if it appears to be damaged or leaking.

(2) Charge the Lithium-ion battery only in a CHC product that is specified to charge
it.

(3) Discontinue charging a battery that gives off extreme heat or a burning odor.

(4) Use the battery only in CHC equipment that is specified to use it.

(5) Use the battery only for its intended use and according to the instructions in the
product documentation.

DC Power Supply Safety

WARNING – When DC voltage is applied to this receiver through COM

port(LEMO connectors), the DC voltage must be limited to no more than 36 V DC
+0% under both normal and single fault conditions. If the recommended input
voltage is exceeded, the receiver may present an electrical hazard.

Wet Location Safety

WARNING – This receiver is not intended to be used in a wet location, or a

location that may become wet when it is powered by the external DC power supply.
Use the receiver in a wet location only when operating it on its own internal battery.

WARNING – The external power adapter and its associated power cord and
plug are not intended to be installed outdoors or in a wet location.

WARNING – Do not power the receiver through external power when

operating in a wet environment or an environment that may become wet. The
power input connections must be sheltered.

6
1 Introduction

The P5 GNSS Reference Receiver User Guide describes how to set up and use the
CHC® P5 GNSS reference receiver.

In this manual, “the receiver” refers to the P5 GNSS reference receiver unless
otherwise stated.

Even if the user has used other Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) products
before, CHC recommends that the user spend some time reading this manual to
learn about the special features of this product. If the user is not familiar with GNSS,
go to www.chcnav.com for an interactive look at CHC and GNSS.

1.1 About the Receiver

The P5 GNSS reference receiver (“the receiver”) is a multiple-frequency GNSS

receiver. It can track all GPS (L1/L2/L5), GLONASS (L1/L2), BDS (B1/B2/B3/B1c/B2a),
GALILEO(E1/E5a/E5b), QZSS(L1/L5) and SBAS (L1).

The user can use the front panel of the receiver or an office computer to configure
the receiver, access files, and publish data files to a company Intranet or to the
Internet. The receiver makes it easy for the user to set up a powerful, flexible, and
reliable reference station for continuous operation.

The receiver serves in all common geodetic reference receiver roles. It can be the
main component in a Continuously Operating Reference Station (CORS), streaming
data to CHC GNSS Infrastructure software. It can also work well as a campaign
receiver prior to permanent deployment. The receiver makes an excellent portable
RTK base station with its internal battery. It also has specialized capabilities that
make it an excellent reference receiver for scientific applications.

1.2 Technical Support

If the user has a problem and cannot find the information the user needs in the
product documentation or CHC website (www.chcnav.com), contact the user’s local
CHC dealer from which the user purchased the receiver(s).

If the user needs to contact CHC technical support, please contact us by email
([email protected]) or Skype (chc_support).

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1.3 Disclaimer

Before using the receiver, please make sure that the user has read and understood
this User Guide, as well as the safety requirements. CHC holds no responsibility for
the wrong operation by users and for the losses incurred by the wrong
understanding about this User Guide. However, CHC reserves the rights to update
and optimize the contents of this guide regularly. Please contact the user’s local CHC
dealer for new information.

1.4 The User’s Comments

The user’s feedback about this user guide will help us to improve it in a future
revision. Please email the user’s comments to [email protected].

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2 Overview

This chapter introduces the P5 GNSS reference receiver (“the receiver”). This
receiver makes it easy to set up a powerful and reliable Continuously Operating
Reference Station (CORS) or to collect data from temporary field locations.

The receiver is ideal for the following infrastructure applications:

(1) As part of a GNSS Infrastructure network in conjunction with CHC Reference

Station Network (CPS) software.

(2) As part of a permanent reference station with or without supporting software.

(3) A temporary field base station to broadcast RTK corrections and collect
observations for post-processing.

2.1 Receiver Framework

The receiver integrates the multi-frequency GNSS technology into specialized

processing and communications framework. The receiver can operate as a
standalone reference station, or it can be integrated into a scalable network.

With an Internet Protocol (IP) as the primary communications method, the user can
use public domain tools, such as a web browser and FTP client, to configure the
receiver and access logged data files.

Notes: All references to the Internet refer to either a Wide Area Network (WAN) or a
Local Area Network (LAN) connection.

The receiver adopts a secured system that requires a password protected login for
configuration changes and/or file access.

Use the network management features to create a base/rover configuration with a

variety of operating modes. The user can then enable those modes as necessary
instead of switching the global state of the receiver from one mode to another. For
example, the user can configure various streaming services with different
configurations (such as any combination of the data stream, sample interval) on
different TCP or UDP ports. To activate one or more modes, open the connection to
the specific port. This allows multiple clients to access any given streaming service.

These features and many more, shift the model of a GNSS receiver toward the
concept of a "network appliance".

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2.1.1 The Network Appliance Concept
Traditionally, a GNSS receiver has one operator. That person is the only user of the
receiver, so they can change settings without affecting other users.

With the P5 GNSS reference receiver, an operator can configure a receiver once, and
then make it available as a network appliance for general use by one or more users
(or clients).

This network appliance concept lets the user set up the receiver to provide one or
more services that one or more users can access through a Local Area Network (LAN)
or a Wide Area Network (WAN), such as the Internet. Once the receiver is set up, the
user needs to make only minimal changes, if any, to the receiver configuration.

When the receiver is operating as a network appliance, it provides services to all

users attached to the receiver through the network.

Different streaming services may be configured on different ports, for example, with
different data rates or data combination. To obtain service, the client has only to
connect to a specific port. In this way, most users do not need to control the receiver.
Changing global settings, such as masks, will affect all users of all services.

The receiver provides the following standard configuration and data logging services:

Use… To perform...

HTTP All manual and automated configuration operations to

manage the logged data file space.

FTP Remote manual and/or automated operations to

manage the logged data file upload path.

2.2 Receiver Services

The receiver can provide one or more streaming or query services over an RS-232
serial port or a TCP/IP port: Streaming service.

Anyone with authorized access can obtain streamed information, such as GNSS
measurements or RTCM corrections, without having to control or issue commands to
the receiver. The client simply connects to the port that is streaming the required
information.

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2.3 Receiver Features

(1) 624-channels with all in view simultaneously tracked satellite signals:

a) GPS: L1, L2, L5

b) GLONASS: L1, L2

c) Galileo: E1, E5A, E5B

d) SBAS:L1

e) BDS: B1, B2, B3, B1c, B2a

f) QZSS:L1, L5

(2) 32 GB internal data logging storage

(3) External USB drive support

(4) The internal battery provides up to 24 hours operation

(5) Integrated display and keypad for system configuration without a controller

(6) Integrated Bluetooth wireless technology for cable-free data transmission

(7) Permanent/semi-permanent and mobile quick setup base station capability

(8) The easy-to-use Web-interface menu system for rapid configuration and status
checking

(9) Rugged, weatherproof construction with an IP67 environmental rating

(10) -40°C to +65°C (-40°F to +149°F) operating temperature range

(11) 12 V to 36 V DC input power range

(12) Data file generated in HCN

(13) Eight independent data logging sessions with configurable memory pooling

(14) Circulating data logging method

(15) FTP push to allow uploading of logged data files to remote sites

(16) Ethernet configuration through the front panel

(17) Multiple languages available through the Web interface

(18) NTRIP (Networked Transport of RTCM via Internet Protocol) client/server/caster

support

11
2.4 Use and Care

This receiver can withstand the rough treatment and tough environment that
typically occurs in CORS installation. However, it is a high-precision electronic
instrument and should be treated with reasonable care.

CAUTION – Operating or storing the receiver outside the specified temperature

range can damage it. For more information, see Chapter 8 Specifications.

2.5 Electronic Interface

High-power signals from a nearby radio or radar transmitter can overwhelm the
receiver circuits. This does not harm the instrument, but it can prevent the receiver
electronics from functioning correctly.

Avoid locating the receiver or antenna within 400 meters of powerful radar,
television, or other transmitters or GNSS antennas. Low-power transmitters, such as
those in cell phones and two-way radios, normally do not interfere with receiver
operations.

12
2.6 Keypad and Display

2
3

5
4

Feature Description Feature

Indicator Shows the working status. See 5.2. Indicator LEDs Indicator
LEDs LEDs
Buttons Use to turn on, turn off or configure the receiver. See 5.1. Buttons
Button functions.
Display This LCD enables the user to view the current Display
configuration settings of the receiver and the operation
by operators. See 5.3. Home screen.
Mini USB Support DEVICE/HOST. Mini USB
port port
4G card Insert 4G card to support mobile network 4G card
slot slot

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2.7 Rear Connectors

1 2
3

4 5
6
7

No. Connector type Description

1 TNC Connect to the GNSS antenna.

2 DB9 RS-232 serial port, 9-pin male connector.
3 TNC Connect the 4G antenna to enhance the 4G signal.
4 TNC Connect to the atomic clock for time calibration.
5 RJ45 jack Supports links to 10BaseT/100BaseT auto-negotiate
networks
HTTP, TCP/IP, UDP, FTP, NTRIP Caster, NTRIP Server, NTRIP
Client
Simultaneously transmits multiple data stream
6 LEMO (10-pin) Power from an external AC/DC power supply.
Port 2 RS-232 serial communications using a 10-pin LEMO cable
(CHC Data Cable).
Data streaming transmission port.
7 TNC Connect to peripheral device for time calibration

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3 Batteries and Power

The P5 GNSS reference receiver uses an internal rechargeable Lithium-ion battery,

which can be replaced only at an Authorized CHC Service Center.

The receiver can also be powered by an external power source that is connected to
the LEMO ports.

The operational time provided by the internal battery depends on the type of
measurement and operating conditions. Typically, the internal battery provides up to
24 hours operation.

Notes: All operational battery tests are carried out with new, fully-charged batteries

at room temperature, tracking both GPS and GLONASS satellites while storing and
streaming data at 1 Hz. Older batteries, at temperatures significantly higher or lower
than room temperature, will have reduced performance. Power consumption
increases with an increasing number of actively tracked satellites and with increasing
observation and storage rates.

3.1 External Power

The receiver uses an external power source in preference to its internal battery. If
the receiver is not connected to an external power source, or if the external power
supply fails, the internal battery is used.

CHC recommends that the applied external power offers between 12 V DC and 36 V
DC and can supply at least 6.5 W of power for the long-term installations and ensure
that the internal battery is charged and ready to compensate for power supply
disruptions.

While carrying out static measurements for post-processed computations using the
internal memory, if no external power is supplied and the internal battery is drained,
the receiver shuts down. No data is lost; however, when power is restored, the
receiver should be configured again.

WARNING – The external AC power adapter and its associated power cord and
plug are not intended to be installed outdoors, nor in a wet location. Do not power
the receiver through external power when operating in a wet environment or an
environment that may become wet. The power input connections must be sheltered.

15
 WARNING – When the user applies DC voltage to this product through the
LEMO connector, the DC voltage must be limited to 36V DC +0% under both normal
and single fault conditions. This product may present an electrical hazard if the
recommended input voltage is exceeded.

3.2 Battery Safety

The receiver is powered by a rechargeable internal Lithium-ion battery. Charge and

use the battery only in strict accordance with the following instructions.

WARNING – Do not damage the rechargeable Lithium-ion battery. A damaged

battery can cause an explosion or fire and can result in personal injury and/or
property damage.

To prevent injury or damage:

(1) Do not use or charge the battery if it appears to be damaged. Signs of damage
include, but are not limited to, discoloration, warping, and leaking battery fluid.
(2) Do not expose the battery to fire, high temperature, or direct sunlight.
(3) Do not immerse the battery in water.
(4) Do not use or store the battery inside a vehicle during hot weather.
(5) Do not drop or puncture the battery.
(6) Do not open the battery or short-circuit its contacts.

WARNING – Avoid contact with the rechargeable Lithium-ion battery if it

appears to be leaking. Battery fluid is corrosive, and contact with it can result in
personal injury and/or property damage.

To prevent injury or damage:

(1) If the battery leaks, avoid contact with the battery fluid.
(2) If battery fluid gets into the user’s eyes, immediately rinse the user’s eyes with
clean water and seek medical attention. Do not rub the user’s eyes!
(3) If battery fluid gets into the user’s skin or clothing, immediately use clean water
to wash off the battery fluid.

3.3 Battery Performance

To optimize battery performance and extend battery life:

(1) Fully charge all new batteries before use.

16
(2) Do not use at extreme temperatures. The receiver is designed to operate at
-40 °C to +65 °C (-40 °F to +149 °F). However, operation at temperatures of less
than 0 °C (32 °F) can cause a rapid drop in battery life.

3.4 Charging the Battery

The rechargeable Lithium-ion battery is supplied partially charged. Charge the

battery completely before using it for the first time. If the battery has been stored
for longer than three months, charge it before use.

When connected to a suitable power source, the internal battery charges fully in 10
hours.

WARNING – Charge and use the rechargeable Lithium-ion battery only in strict
accordance with the instructions. Charging or using the battery in unauthorized
equipment can cause an explosion or fire and can result in personal injury and/or
equipment damage.

To prevent injury or damage:

(1) Do not charge or use the battery if it appears to be damaged or leaking.

(2) Charge the Lithium-ion battery only within the P5 receiver. The battery can only
be removed by an authorized CHC Service Center.

3.5 Storing the Battery

The internal Lithium-ion battery adopts a self-protection mechanism that protects

the battery from discharge when its voltage is below 6 V and shuts down the
receiver. The internal battery will be activated when charged by the external power
supply.

Do not store the receiver at temperatures outside the range -40°C to +85 °C (-40°F to
176°F).

The receiver is supplied with a mains power supply unit that recharges the battery
inside the receiver when it is connected through the adaptor to either of the LEMO
ports. When the user uses the receiver in a long-term installation, CHC recommends
that the user use this power supply or another that provides at least 12 V DC at all
times to keep the internal battery charged. This will ensure that the internal battery
provides an uninterrupted power supply that will keep the receiver operational for
up to 24 hours after a power failure.

17
3.6 Removing the Battery

The internal Lithium-ion battery may be removed only at an authorized CHC Service
Center. If the battery is removed at an unauthorized service center, the remaining
warranty on the product will be void.

18
4 Setting Up the Receiver

This chapter describes best practices for setting up the equipment and outlines the
precautions that the user must take to protect the equipment. It also describes the
typical installation diagram of reference station composed of P5 GNSS receiver,
GNSS antenna, external power and network cable.

The antenna installation guidelines described here are the minimum standards. When
installing a geodetic antenna to gather precise observation data, always follow
recommended CORS installation practices to the greatest extent possible.

4.1 Guidelines

When the user set up the receiver, follow these guidelines.

4.1.1 Environmental Conditions

The receiver has a waterproof housing, but the user must take reasonable care to
keep the unit dry.

To improve the performance and long-term reliability of the receiver, do not expose
the receiver to extreme environmental conditions, such as:

 Water
 Heat greater than 65 °C (149 °F)
 Cold less than -40 °C (-40 °F)
 Corrosive fluids and gases

4.1.2 Sources of Electrical Interference

Do not place the GNSS antenna near the following sources of electrical and magnetic
noise:

 Gasoline engines (spark plugs)

 Televisions and computer monitors
 Alternators and generators
 Electric motors
 Equipment with DC-to-AC converters
 Fluorescent lights
 Switching power supplies
 Arc welding equipment

19
4.1.3 Uninterruptible Power Supply
CHC recommends that the user use an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) to power
the receiver. The internal battery can also operate as a UPS for up to 24 hours. A UPS
protects the equipment from power surges and spikes and keeps the receiver
running during short power outages.

For more information, contact the user’s local CHC dealer.

4.1.4 Lighting and Surge Protection

CHC recommends that the user install lightning protection equipment at permanent
sites. All connections to the receiver should have surge protection. Typically, the
minimum protection should include a surge protector in the antenna feed line, on
the receiver's power supply system. If serial devices are attached to the receiver,
those serial connections should also be provided with surge protection. Also, protect
any communications and power lines at building entry points. If the user uses other
antennas, such as a radio modem that distributes real-time correction messages,
install surge protection on those antenna feeds as well.

No surge protection devices can offer protection unless they are connected to an
excellent ground using very low impedance conductors. Equipment damage caused
by electrical surges occurs in many permanent installations even though surge
protection is in place. Commonly, this is because the grounding system used was
designed to protect against AC electrical hazards rather than to dissipate the sudden,
high current surges caused by lightning. Please consult with a lightning protection
expert or research the topic when planning permanent installations.

For more information, contact the user’s local CHC dealer.

4.1.5 Placing the Antenna

The antenna location will have a significant effect on the quality of the user’s P5
receiver's performance. In temporary developments, it may not always be possible
to set up in an ideal location with an excellent sky view. However, when installing a
permanent station, be sure to plan the antenna location and mounting system
carefully.

The general requirements for the antenna location and mount are:

 Keep the distance from the objects that may cause the multipath effects (such as
buildings, trees, reflective surface) for at least 200 m (656 feet)
 Clear sky above 10 degrees elevation
 Away from electromagnetism interference region (e.g., Microwave station, radio

20
transmitting station, high voltage wires) at least 200 m (656 feet)
 Mounted 1.5 m (5 feet) above any nearby signal reflectors.
 Mount stability that is not influenced by thermal expansion, wind loading, or soil
expansion/contraction.

For additional information on this topic, research the reference antenna installation
guidelines published by the:

 US National Geodetic Survey

 (http://www.ngs.noaa.gov/PUBS_LIB/CORS_guidelines.pdf)
 International GNSS Service
 (http://igscb.jpl.nasa.gov/network/guidelines/guidelines.html)

4.2 System installation

4.2.1 Supported Antenna

The receiver provides a TNC-type female connector for connecting to an antenna.

The receiver is intended for use with a CHC Geodetic GNSS antenna or a CHC GNSS
Choke Ring antenna.

CHC AT312 GNSS CHC C220GR2 GNSS

Geodetic Antenna Choke Ring Antenna

Other GNSS antennas may, however, be used ensuring that the antenna receives the
proper GNSS frequencies and operates at either 3.3V or 7.1V with a signal greater
than 40 dB at the antenna port.

21
4.2.2 System Installation Diagram
The typical installation diagram of the CHC P5 GNSS receiver connected with CHC
A220GR GNSS Geodetic Antenna, external power supply, and network cable.

22
 CHC AT312 GNSS
Geodetic Antenna Network Cable

GNSS Antenna
Cable

CHC Data Cable

Adapter

(1) Install the GNSS antenna at the appropriate location (see 4.1.5. Placing the
antenna for the guidelines); connect the antenna to the TNC Plug Socket of P5
via the GNSS Antenna Cable.
(2) Power the P5 by an external power source (e.g., mains supply) with Adapter via
CHC Data Cable.

a) Connect the 10-pin LEMO of CHC Data Cable of P5.

b) Plug the male jack connector Adapter into the female connector of CHC Data
Cable.

23
c) Connect two leg plugs or three leg plugs of Adapter to the mains supply.
(3) Connect the network cable to the RJ45 jack of P5 to link the P5 with the
network.

Notes: Also, the P5 can be powered by external battery via CHC Data Cable. And the
power supply voltage should be controlled between 12 to 36 V DC.

24
5 Configuring the Receiver: Keypad, Indicator
LEDs, and Display

The P5 GNSS reference receiver features a front panel user interface with a keypad,
four indicator LEDs, and a two-line alphanumeric display. This interface enables the
user to configure many of the receiver’s features without using an external
controller or computer.

5.1 Button Functions

Use the buttons on the front panel to turn on or turn off the receiver and to check or
change the receiver settings.

Button Name Function

Power Turn on or turn off the receiver.

When the receiver is only powered by internal
battery:
To turn on the receiver, press and hold for 3
seconds.
To turn off the receiver, press and hold for 2
seconds.
When the receiver is powered by external power
supply:
The receiver will be on with power.
The receiver will be turned off by removing the
power supply from the CHC cable.
Escape Return to the previous screen or cancel changes
the user makes on a screen.
OK Advance to the next screen or accept changes the
user make on a screen.
Up Move the cursor between multiple fields on a
screen or make changes.
Down Move the cursor between multiple fields on a
screen or make changes.
Left Move the cursor between characters in an editable
field.
Right Move the cursor between characters in an editable
field.

25
5.2 Indicator LEDs

Indicator Name Color Descriptions

LEDs
Power LED Green/ The indicator to show whether GNSS is on
Red or off.
Green: The receiver operates in the
absence of a power supply.
Yellow-green: the status of charging and
normally operating.
Red: Not booting and the status of
charging.
Satellites Green Shows the number of satellites that the
LED receiver has tracked.
When the receiver is searching satellites,
the green LED flashes once every 5
seconds.
When the receiver has tracked N
satellites, the green LED will flash N times
every 5 seconds.
Correction Yellow/ Indicates whether the receiver is
LED Yellow-green transmitting/receiving differential data.
The yellow LED flashes once per second
when
As a Base station: successfully
transmitting differential data.
As a Rover station: indicates single or
float status
The green LED flashes once per second
when
As a Rover station: indicates fix status
Network Yellow Indicates whether the receiver connects
LED to the network.
Indicates the receiver connects to
network When the LED is on, conversely,
the receiver does not.

5.3 Home Screen

The Home screen shows:

26
 The name of the product.

 The position solution.

 The number of satellites being tracked.

As a power-saving feature, the front panel goes dark after a short period of inactivity.
If the display is not lit and the receiver is on, press ANY BUTTON to reactivate the
display.

5.4 Status Screens

To review the receiver's current settings in the status screens, press or

on the front panel. The status screens show the following information:

 Current Longitude

 Current Latitude

 Current Height

 Marker name

 Marker number

 Net State

 ETH Mode

 A current IP address (editable)

 Current IP mask (editable)

 Current Gateway (editable)

 Current DNS Server (editable)

 Current HTTP port (editable)

 MAC Address

 WI-FI AP

 Set WI-FI-AP

 The internal battery power remaining

 Charging State

27
 Battery Temperature

 Internal Temperature

 Environment Temperature

 Internal storage memory remaining

 Receiver hardware version and software version

 Firmware Version

 Receiver serial number and part number

 Resume

5.5 Setting Up the Receiver as Part of An Ethernet

Configuration

Use the keypad to set up the receiver as part of an Ethernet configuration. Press

or to move between different status screens, and then press to

enter the edit mode.

(1) Turn on the receiver by pressing the button or connect the receiver to the
external power supply.

(2) Press or to move to IP Addr status screen.

(3) Press to edit IP address.

(4) Press or to select the character to edit and then press or

to change it.

(5) When finished, press , and then the “Setting Success” message will appear on
display.

(6) Follow the step 2 to step 5 to edit IP mask, gateway, DNS server and HTTP port in
the IP MASK, Gateway, DNS Server and HTTP PORT status screen, respectively.

28
6 Configuring the Receiver: Other Than Keypad
and Display

The user can configure the P5 GNSS reference receiver to perform a wide variety of
functions. This chapter describes the configuration methods other than the front
panel display and explains when and why each method is used.

6.1 Configuring the Ethernet Settings

The receiver Ethernet port connects to an Ethernet network, through which the user
can access, configure, and monitor the receiver. No serial cable connection to the
receiver is necessary.

The receiver has the following Ethernet settings:

 IP address

 IP mask

 Gateway

 DNS server

 HTTP port

The default setting for the HTTP port is 80: This port is not assigned by the network.
HTTP port 80 is the standard port for web servers and enables the user to connect to
the receiver by entering only the receiver’s IP address (check the information from
the front panel) in a web browser.

For example, using port 80: http://192.168.32.132

If the receiver is set to use a port other than 80, the user must enter the IP address
followed by the port number in a web browser.

For example, port 9971: http://192.168.32.132:9971

Users can configure the Ethernet settings through the front panel (see 5.4. Setting up
the receiver as part of an Ethernet configuration) and a web server. To use a web
server, the user must connect the receiver to a network and conduct a valid Ethernet
configuration.

Notes: The receiver should be configured the Ethernet settings through the front
panel for its first connection to the Internet.

29
6.2 Configuring through A Web Browser

Recommended browsers:

 Google Chrome

 Microsoft Internet Explorer○R version 10, or higher

 Apple Safari

To connect to the receiver through a web browser:

(1) Enter the IP address of the receiver into the address bar of the web browser:

(2) The web browser prompts the user to enter a username and password:

The default login account for the receiver is:

a) Login Account: admin

b) Password: password

Notes: Check the [remember me] checkbox, and then the browser will remember
the Login Account and Password the user entered for the next time the user enters
this login screen.

(3) Once the user logs in, the web page appears as follows:

30
6.2.1 Changing the Settings

The web interface shows the configuration menus on the left of the browser window,
and the setting on the right. Each configuration menu contains the related submenus
to configure the receiver and monitor receiver performance.

This section describes each configuration menu.

To view the web interface in another language, select the corresponding language
name from the drop-down list in the upper right corner of the interface.

Currently, three languages are available:

6.2.1.1 Status Menu

This menu provides a quick link to review the receiver's position information,
satellites tracked, runtime, current data log status, current outputs, available
memory, etc.

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(1) Position

This page shows the relevant position information about the receiver's position
solution which including the position, DOP values, satellites used and tracked, and
the receiver clock information.

(2) Activity

Lists several important items to help the user understand how the receiver is being
used and its current operating condition. Items include the identities of currently
tracked satellites, internal and external storage usage rate. With this information, it
is easy to tell which functions the receiver is performing:

(3) Google map

Tap this submenu to show the location of the receiver on Google map.

32
6.2.1.2 Satellites Menu

Use the Satellites menu to view satellite tracking details and enable/disable GPS,
SBAS, GLONASS, BDS and Galileo constellations. These menus include tabular and
graphical displays to provide all required information on satellite tracking status.

(1) Tracking Table

Provides the status of satellites tracked in general, such as the satellite ID, satellite
type, attitude angle, azimuth angle, L1/B1/E1 SNR, L2/B2/E5a SNR, L5/B3/E5b SNR ,

B1c/E5 SNR, B2a/E6 SNR, B2b SNR and enable/disable status of each one.

33
(2) Tracking Graph

The following figure is an example of satellite track diagram page. Users can
determine the satellite types and the corresponding SNR to be displayed in any
combination.

(3) Tracking SkyPlot

The following figure is an example of Skyplot page.

34
(4) Tracking Activation

In this submenu, users can enable/disable GPS, SBAS, GLONASS, BDS and Galileo
constellations.

(5) Tracking enable

In this submenu, users can enable/disable the signals of each constellation. Please
click [Confirm] button after the users finish the collection.

35
6.2.1.3 Receiver Configuration Menu

Use this menu to configure settings such as the antenna type and height, elevation
mask and PDOP setting, the reference station coordinates, receiver resetting and
web interface language:

(1) Summary

This submenu shows the receiver information and reference station information,
including antenna related information, elevation mask angle, reference station
work-mode and position, etc.

36
(2) Antenna configuration

Use this screen to configure all the items relating to the GNSS antenna. The user
must enter the correct values for all antenna-related fields, as the choices the user
makes significantly affect the accuracy of logged data and broadcast RTK correctors:

(3) Reference Station Settings

Use this screen to configure settings such as the station coordinates. The user must
enter accurate information in these fields, as this data significantly affects the
accuracy of logged data files and broadcast RTK correctors.

37
For Reference Station Mode:

There are three available options: Auto Rover, Auto Base, and Manual Base.

 Auto Rover: The receiver will serve as Rover after the user restarts the receiver
each time.

 Auto Base: The receiver will serve as Base after the restart, and then broadcast
RTK correctors based on coordinates obtained through single-point positioning
automatically.

38
 Manual Base: The receiver will serve as Base after the restart, and then broadcast
RTK correctors based on the coordinates before power off.

For Reference Latitude and Reference Longitude:

There are mainly three methods to enter the reference coordinates and shown as
follows:

 Acquire Current Position: Click this button to acquire current position obtained
through single-point positioning automatically.

 Manual Input: Manually input the known coordinates.

 From CORS: After logging in CORS, the receiver will obtain a coordinate based the
configurations at the Sample for Average field. (See 6.2.1.5. I/O Settings menu for
more details about logging in CORS.)

For Sample for Average:

If the users chose to get the location coordinate from CORS, the users could
determine the positioning limit and sampling amount. The positioning limit falls into
two types:

 Single Solution Coordinates: Collect the coordinates of receiver obtained through

single-point positioning.

 Fixed Solution Coordinates: Only collect coordinates of the receiver based on fix
solution.

After the configuration of positioning limit and sampling amount, click to

carry out sampling and to average  the result will be served as the coordinates of
the current position.

Also, users can click to save the current settings.

(4) Receiver Reset

Use this screen to completely or partially reset the receiver:

39
(5) Languages

Use this screen to select the web interface language:

(6) User management

Use this screen to edit user management:

(7) USB function Switch

Use this screen to switch USB function:

(8) HCPPP Settings

Use this screen to set HCPPP:

40
(9) else settings

Use this screen to set :1PPS, clockswitch, psrsmooth, simuator.

6.2.1.4 Data Recording Menu

Use the Data Logging menu to set up the receiver to log static GNSS data and to view
the logging settings. The user can configure settings such as observable rate,
recording rate, continuous logging limit, and whether to auto delete old files if
memory is low. This menu also provides the controls for the FTP push feature:

41
(1) Log Settings

This page shows the data logging status, internal and external storage usage and
data logging status of each storage thread. Also, users can configure the data logging
settings for each storage thread, including recording name, saving location, storage
limit, store formats, start time, etc.

To open or close all the storage threads, click the [ON] or [OFF] button at the Switch
field.

Notes: The [ON] and [OFF] button to the right of Log Status field are the Master Log
Switch. Every storage thread can log data only when the Master Log Switch is ON.
And users can edit the settings of storage threads only when the Master Log Switch
is OFF.

To edit the settings of each storage thread, click the [Modify] button at the right of
the required storage thread, and then the Recording Edit screen appears:

42
In this screen, the user can set all data logging parameters, and determine whether
the recording files will be affected by the FTP Push. The main parameters are as
follows:

a) Auto Record: Select “Yes” or “No” to determine whether to log data when the
Master Log Switch is ON.

b) Sample Interval: Select the observable rate from the dropdown list.

c) Store Location: Determine whether to store in internal storage or external

storage.

d) Start Date: Set the start time of data log in UTC. Select “Yes” or “No” option below
to determine whether to start logging from the set time.

e) Duration Time: Set the time interval of recording.

f) Storage: Set the storage limit of this thread.

g) Circulating Memory: Select “Yes” or “No” to determine whether to auto delete old
files if the storage space is full.

h) Storage Format: The default format of recording files is HCN.

i) FTP Push: Decide whether to push the stored files to the FTP server of the user’s
choice.

Click to save the settings and back to the Log Settings screen. Also, users

can click to abandon the changed settings and back to Log Settings
screen.

Notes: To delete the record data, the user can remove all the record data by the

total button and clear all accounts. Also, the user can delete each record
data by the clear button under the selected thread.

To delete the recorded files of ANY storage thread, click the to the right of
the required storage thread.

To delete the recorded files of ALL storage threads, click [Clear All] button.

(2) FTP Push Settings

Use this screen to configure the receiver to push stored files to the FTP server of the
user’s choice. Only files that are configured to use FTP push are transmitted. Click

43
 to the right of the required FTP server, and the FTP Push Settings screen
appears:

(3) FTP Push Recording

Shows the related information about the recorded filed that be pushed. And users
can click [Clear FTP Push Log] in the upper right corner to clear the status of FTP
Push operations.

(4) Data Download

In this submenu, users can download the data files that recorded in the internal
storage through the internal FTP site. Also, the user can directly download the static
data through file explorer.

a) Use web data download submenu:

Click this submenu, and then the login dialogue box will prompt the user to enter a
username and password:

44
The default login account for the internal FTP site is:

Username: ftp

Password: ftp

Click the directory named logs/ to view and download the files currently stored on
the receiver:

To find the file need to be downloaded, click the name of storage folder (“logs_” plus
with the number of the storage thread)  the date of the file that be recorded 
the format of the file  the name of the target file.

45
To download a file, left-click the name of the target file  download the file
according to the prompts.

b) Use File Explorer

According to the IP of the P5 receiver, in the writer’s case, Input

ftp://192.168.32.161/ into the File Explorer. Press Enter and the user can download
the data from the logs folder after successful login the internal FTP site (same
account as given above):

The path of the static data is inside the “logs” folder, the same with the downloading
path from the website.

46
(5) Distance Download

Use this function to login data after you set port forwarding.

6.2.1.5 I/O Settings Menu

Use the I/O Settings menu to set up all receiver outputs and inputs. The receiver can
output CMR, RTCM, Raw data, Ephemeris data, GPGGA, GPGSV, on TCP/IP, UDP,
serial port, or Bluetooth ports.

The following figure shows an example of the screen that appears when the user
selects this submenu.

47
In this submenu, users can configure 4 types of input and output settings.

(1) RTK Client

After configuring the settings of RTK client, users can log on CORS or APIS. Click the
[Connect] button to the right  the I/O Settings screen will appear  choose one of
the connection protocols among the NTRIP, APIS_BASE, and APIS_ROVER 
configure the related parameters  click [Confirm] to log on CORS or APIS.

a) Connection Protocol: NTRIP

b) Connection Protocol: APIS_BASE

48
c) Connection Protocol: APIS_ROVER

d) TCP/UDP Client

Click the [Connect] button to the right of required TCP/UDP Client  the TCP/UDP
Client screen will appear  select the connection protocol from the dropdown list
 enter the IP and Port of the target server  configure messages that the user
want to output to the target server  click [Confirm] to save and complete the
connection.

49
Notes: If the receiver and server are under the same Local Area Network (LAN), users
can use the IP address in LAN of the server with any Port. However, if the receiver
and server are under the two different LAN, users should use the public IP address of
the server and configure the port mapping of the server.

(2) TCP/IP Server

Click the [Connect] button to the right of required TCP/IP Server  the TCP
Server/Ntrip Caster screen will appear  select one of the connection protocols
between NTRIP and TCP  configure the other related parameters  click [Confirm]
to save the settings and open the server.

a) Connection Protocol: NTRIP

50
b) Connection Protocol: TCP

(3) COM Port

Click the [Settings] button on the right of required COM Port row  the Serial Port
Setup screen will appear  select Baud Rate used to transmit data configure the
messages that the user want to output through the serial port  click [Confirm] to
save the settings and start to transmit.

51
Notes: For the “Serial Port (DB9)”, it is compatible with connection with external
meteorograph.

(4) Bluetooth

Click the [Settings] button on the right of Bluetooth row  the Bluetooth Set screen
will appear  configure the messages that the user want to transmit through
Bluetooth  click [Confirm] to save the settings and start to transmit.

52
6.2.1.6 Network Set Menu

Use this menu to check and configure the Ethernet settings:

(1) Summary

The following figure shows an example of the screen that appears when the user
selects this submenu:

53
(2) Wired Network Setting

Use this submenu to configure the related parameters of the Network, including
static IP, subnet mask, etc.

(3) Mobile Network Setting

Use this submenu to configure the settings of the Network, then support mobile
network.

(4) Email Alarm

54
(5) HTTP

(6) HTTPS

(7) FTP Service

6.2.1.7 Network Security Menu

Use this menu to check and configure the Network Security.

55
(1) Firewall

(2) Port filtering

Use this submenu to control the access to the corresponding port of the receiver.

(3) MAC filtering

Use this submenu to control the computer’s access to the receiver on the LAN.

56
(4) Service ports

6.2.1.8 Module Setting Menu

Use this menu to check and configure the Module settings.

(1) Summary

The following figure shows an example of the screen that appears when the user
selects this submenu:

57
(2) Wi-Fi Settings

Use this submenu to configure the related parameters of the Wi-Fi settings,
including Wi-Fi mode, encrypt type, password, etc.

(3) Bluetooth Settings

The following figure shows an example of the screen that appears when the user
selects this submenu:

58
6.2.1.9 Firmware Menu

Use this menu to check the current firmware information, download the system log,
update the receiver firmware, download or update the configuration file and register
the receiver.

(1) Firmware Info

Use this submenu to check the current firmware information. The following figure
shows an example of the firmware information.

(2) The Hardware Version

Use this submenu to check the current hardware information. The following figure
shows an example of the hardware information.

(3) Config File

59
In this submenu, users can download the configuration file by clicking [Download]
button and determine a saving path to download the configuration file (.cfg file).
Also, users can click the [Browse] button to locate the existing configuration file 
click [Confirm] button to confirm the selected file and start updating.

(4) System Log

Use this submenu to download the system log of the receiver.

(5) User Log

Use this submenu to tick which logs files and downloads the user log of the receiver.

(6) Firmware Update

60
Use this submenu to load new firmware to the receiver across the network. Click the
[Browse] button to locate the upgrade file  click [Confirm] button to confirm the
selected upgrading file and start upgrading.

Notes: It will take about 2 or 3 minutes to complete the firmware upgrading.

(7) Board Upgrade

Use this submenu to upgrade board. Click [Browse] to choose upgrade files and Click
[Confirm] to upgrade.

(8) Upgrade Online

(9) GNSS Registration

Use this submenu to register the receiver. Paste or enter the registration code to the
Registration Code field  click [Registration] button to complete the registration.

61
62
7 Default Setting and Configuration Files

Most of the receiver settings are stored in application files. The default application
file, Default.cfg, is stored permanently in the receiver and contains the factory
default settings for the P5 GNSS reference receiver.

Whenever the receiver is reset to its factory defaults, the current settings (stored in
the current configuration file, copy.cfg) are reset to the values in the default
application file.

The P5 GNSS reference receiver extends the use of configuration files to allow
simplified receiver is setting duplication in multiple receivers. This is sometimes
referred to as receiver cloning and is very useful when preparing a large group of
receivers for a field data collection campaign.

7.1.1 Default Receiver Settings

Function Factory default values

SV Enable All SVs enabled

General controls Elevation mask 0°
PDOP mask 6
LEMO port Baud rate 9600
Format 9-None-1(10-pin)

Flow control None

DB9 port Baud rate 9600
Format 3-None-6
Flow control None
Log status OFF
Differential data OFF
Raw data OFF
Ephemeris data OFF
NMEA (GPGGA, OFF
GPGSV)
Reference Latitude 0°0’0.00000000’’
position Longitude 0°0’0.00000000’’
Height 0.000
Antenna Type None
Measure Method Antenna Phase Center
Height 2.0000 (Meter)

63
7.1.2 Resetting the Receiver to Factory Defaults

Log in the web page of the receiver  tap and unfold the Receiver Reset menu 
tap the Receiver Reset submenu click the [Confirm] button to the right of Reset to
Defaults field.

7.1.3 Using Configuration Files to Duplicate Receiver Settings

The P5 GNSS reference receiver allows the extensive use of application files to retain
a unique receiver configuration. With this receiver, the user can create a
configuration file that includes most of the receiver's unique configuration settings.
The user can then update that configuration file onto one or more other P5 GNSS
reference receivers to quickly configure them to match the receiver which creates
that configuration file.

Notes: The configuration file includes most of the configuration settings except IP
Address, IP Mask, Gateway and DNS Server.

This is called receiver configuration cloning or cloning. Receiver cloning greatly

reduces the time required to prepare a large group of receivers for field operations.

Log in the web page of the receiver  tap and unfold the Firmware menu  tap the
Config File submenu  click the [Browse] button to locate the existing configuration
file  click [Confirm] button to confirm the selected file and start updating.

64
65
8 Specifications

This chapter describes the specifications for the P5 GNSS reference receiver.

Specifications are subject to change without notice.

8.1 GNSS Characteristics

Feature Specification

Tracking 624 channels

GPS: L1, L2C, L5
GLONASS: L1, L2
SBAS: L1
QZSS:L1, L5
Galileo: E1, E5A, E5B
BDS: B1, B2, B3, B1c, B2a
Pseudo-range measurement with high-precision
multi-correlator
Very low noise carrier phase measurements with < 1
mm precision in a 1 Hz bandwidth
Real Time Kinematic Horizontal: 8 mm + 1 ppm RMS
(RTK) Vertical: 15 mm + 1 ppm RMS
Post Processing Static Horizontal: 2.5 mm + 0.5 ppm RMS
Vertical: 5 mm + 0.5 ppm RMS
Post Processing Static Horizontal: 3 mm + 0.1 ppm RMS
(long observation) Vertical: 3.5 mm + 0.4 ppm RMS
Initialization time Typically < 8 s
Initialization reliability Typically > 99.9%

66
8.2 Communication

Feature Specification

RJ45 Jack Ethernet

DB9 male 3-wire RS232, see C.III. CHC P5 receiver db9 male
connector definition for details
COM2 (10-pin LEMO 9-wire RS232, see C.I. CHC P5 receiver COM 2 (10-pin
port) LEMO port) definition for details
LAN port HTTP, TCP/IP, UDP, FTP, NTRIP Caster, NTRIP Server,
NTRIP Client
Simultaneously transmits multiple data stream
Compatible with a proxy server and route table
Compatible with Power over Ethernet (PoE)
USB port Type-A USB receptacle operates in Host mode
GNSS port GNSS ports provided by the receiver
Bluetooth Fully integrated, fully sealed 2.4 GHz Bluetooth
wireless technology
Compatible with Android, Windows Mobile, and
Windows desktop operating systems
Wi-Fi 802.11 b/g/n, access point mode
Protocols Correction formats: CMR, RTCM 2.x, RTCM 3.x
Observables: RINEX 2.x, RINEX 3.X, BINARY
Position/Status I/O: NMEA-0183 output
Met sensor
Internal data Data logging and position output frequency up to 20
Hz
Storage capacity 32 GB
External storage Up to 1 TB
Network Modem LTE (FDD): B2, B4, B5,B7, all bands with diversity
(Internally integrated DC-HSPA+/HSPA+/HSPA/UMTS: B2, B5, all
4G modem) bands with diversity
TD-SCDMA: B34, B39
EDGE/GPRS/GSM 850/1900 MHz

67
8.3 Physical

Feature Specification

Size (L x W x H) 200 x 150 x 69 mm (7.9 x 5.9 x 2.7 in)

Weight 2.15 kg (75.8 oz)
Operating temperature -40 °C to +65 °C (-40 °F to +149 °F)
Storage temperature -45 °C to +80 °C (-49°F to 176°F)
Humidity 100% condensation
Water and Dustproof Tested to IP67; waterproof for temporary immersion
to a depth of 1 m (3.28 ft) for 30 minutes; dustproof
Shock and Vibration Designed to survive a 1 m (3.28 ft) drop onto concrete

8.4 Electrical

Feature Specification

Power consumption 5W nominal, dependent on user settings

Internal Integrated internal battery 7.4 V, 17000 mA-h,
Lithium-ion
Internal battery can operate as a UPS in the event of
external power source outage
The internal battery will charge from the external
power source when the internal battery is not fully
charged
External power Power source supply (Internal / External) is hot swap
capable in the event of power source removal or
cut-off
Power input on LEMO ports is 9 V DC to 36 V DC
external power input
The receiver auto powers on when connected to
external power with a voltage above 11 V
Operation time on Up to 24 hours continuous operation, dependent on
internal battery user setting

68
8.5 General

Feature Specification

Front panel display Power button and indicator LED

Escape, OK and 4 arrow keys (up, down, left, right)
USB port and 4G slot
LCD
Receiver type GNSS reference receiver
Antenna type CHC AT312 GNSS Geodetic antenna or CHC C220GR2
GNSS Choke Ring antenna preferred.
Other models supported.

8.6 Data storage

Feature Specification

Internal storage 32 GB
External storage Supporting USB drive or portable hard drive
Storage method 8-thread logging, circulating data logging
Data format HCN, RINEX, original binary data
Data download FTP push, online download, storage on an external
USB device

69
Upgrading the Receiver Firmware

A. Upgrading the Receiver Firmware

The receiver is supplied with the latest version of the receiver firmware already
installed. If a later version of the firmware becomes available, use the USB device to
upgrade the firmware on the user’s receiver. For the latest firmware resource,
please consult the user’s local CHC dealer.

The user can also upgrade the receiver through the web interface. The firmware file
required to upgrade the receiver through the Web interface in the folder where the
user saves the file. The file type required is the format
update_P5_e_vXXXXX_bYYYYMMDD.bin where XXXXX represents the version of
firmware and YYYYMMDD represents the firmware encapsulation date.

A.I. Upgrading the Receiver Firmware

A.I.i. Upgrading through the USB Port

(1) Copy the firmware file to the root directory of external storage device such as
USB drive, portable hard drive.

(2) Connect the external storage device with the receiver through the USB port.

(3) Restart the receiver, and then the screen will prompt the user whether to
upgrade the firmware.

(4) Press OK button to upgrade the firmware.

(5) When the upgrading is completed, the receiver will be restarted, and the screen
will prompt the user whether to upgrade the firmware again.

(6) Press one of the arrow keys to quit the upgrading and then remove the external
storage device.

A.I.ii. Upgrading through A Browser

Please connect to the receiver through a web browser according to 6.2. Configuring
through a web browser, and then refer to 6.2.1.9 Firmware menu  Firmware
Update for detail operation steps.

Notes: After the receiver firmware upgrading, the IP information may be changed.
Please confirm the IP setting of the receiver before using it.

70
B. Troubleshooting

Use this appendix to identify and solve common problems that may occur during the
use of the receiver.

Please read this section before contact CHC Technical Support.

B.I. Receiver Issues

This section describes some possible receiver issues, possible causes, and how to
solve them.

Issue Possible cause Solution

The receiver does not External power is too Check the charge on the
turn on. low. external battery and, if
applicable, check the
fuse.
Internal power is too Check the charge on the
low. internal battery.
External power is not Check that the LEMO
properly connected. connector is seated
correctly and that the
cable is secured to the
receiver.
Check for broken or bent
pins in the connector.
Faulty power cable. Check that the user is
using the correct cable
for the connection
between LEMO port and
external power supply.
Check that the correct
external power supply is
connected to a particular
LEMO port.
Check pinouts with a
multimeter to ensure
the internal wiring is
intact.
The receiver does not log The receiver is tracking Wait until the receiver
data. fewer than four display shows that more
71
 satellites. than four satellites are
tracked.
The receiver is not The receiver needs a soft Turn off the receiver and
responding. reset. then turn it back on
again.
The receiver is not The GNSS antenna cable Make sure that the GNSS
receiving satellite is loose. antenna cable is tightly
signals seated in the antenna
connector on the GNSS
antenna.
The cable is damaged. Check the cable for any
signs of damage. A
damaged cable can
inhibit signal detection
from the antenna at the
receiver.
The GNSS antenna is not Make sure that the GNSS
in clear line of sight to antenna is located with a
the sky. clear view of the sky.
Restart the receiver as a
last resort (turn off and
then turn it on again).

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C. Communication Ports Definition

C.I. CHC P5 Receiver COM (10-PIN LEMO Port)

Definition

PIN Signal Name Description

RS232-TX (receive data through
1 RXD
this pin)
RS232-TX (transmit data through
2 TXD
this pin)
Eternal Power Input (Positive
3 PWR
Pole)
Eternal Power Input (Positive
4 PWR
Pole)
Eternal Power Input (Negative
5 PWR, GND
Pole), External Power Ground
Eternal Power Input (Negative
6 PWR, GND
Pole), External Power Ground
7 VBUS USB Device
8 DM USB Device
9 DP USB Device
10 Not Used

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C.II. CHC P5 Receiver DB9 Male Connector Definition

PIN Signal Name Description

1 Not Used

2 TXD RS232-TX (transmit data through this pin)

3 RXD RS232-RX (receive data through this pin)

4 Not Used

5 GND External Power Ground

6 Not Used

7 Not Used

8 Not Used

9 Not Used

74
D. Glossary

Terms Description

Base Station Also called reference station. A base station in

construction is a receiver placed at a known point on a
job site that tracks the same satellites as an RTK rover
and provides a real-time differential correction
message stream through the radio to the rover, to
obtain centimeter level positions on a continuous
real-time basis. A base station can also be a part of a
virtual reference station network or a location at which
GPS observations are collected over a period, for
subsequent postprocessing to obtain the most accurate
position for the location.

Carrier A radio wave is having at least one characteristic (such

as frequency, amplitude, or phase) that can be varied
from a known reference value by modulation.

Carrier Frequency It means the frequency of the unmodulated

fundamental output of a radio transmitter. The GPS L1
carrier frequency is 1575.42 MHz.

Carrier Phase The time is taken for the L1 or L2 carrier signal

generated by the satellite to reach the GPS receiver.
Measuring the number of carrier waves between the
satellite and receiver is a very accurate method of
calculating the distance between them.

CMR Compact Measurement Record. A real-time message

format developed by Trimble for broadcasting
CMR+ corrections to other Trimble mainboard receivers. CMR
is a more efficient alternative to RTCM.

DGPS See real-time differential GPS.

Differential Correction Differential correction is the process of correcting GPS

data collected on a rover with data collected

75
 simultaneously at a base station. Because the base
station is in a known location, any errors in data
collected at the base station can be measured, and the
necessary corrections applied to the rover data.

Differential correction can be done in real-time, or after

the data has been collected by postprocessing.

Differential GPS See real-time differential GPS.

DOP Dilution of Precision. A measure of the quality of GPS

positions, based on the geometry of the satellites used
to compute the positions. When satellites are widely
spaced relative to each other, the DOP value is lower,
and position accuracy is greater. When satellites are
close together in the sky, the DOP is higher, and GPS
positions may contain a greater level of error.

PDOP (Position DOP) indicates the three-dimensional

geometry of the satellites. Other DOP values include
HDOP (Horizontal DOP) and VDOP (Vertical DOP), which
indicate the accuracy of horizontal measurements
(latitude and longitude) and vertical measurements
respectively. PDOP is related to HDOP and VDOP as
follows:

PDOP² = HDOP² + VDOP²

Dual-Frequency GPS A type of receiver that uses both L1 and L2 signals from
GPS satellites. A dual-frequency receiver can compute
more precise position fixes over longer distances and
under more adverse conditions because it compensates
for ionospheric delays.

EGNOS European Geostationary Navigation Overlay Service. A

satellite-based augmentation system (SBAS) that
provides a free-to-air differential correction service for
GPS.

EGNOS is the European equivalent of WAAS, which is

available in the United States.

Elevation Mask The angle below which the receiver will not track

76
 satellites. Normally set to 10 degrees to avoid
interference problems caused by buildings and trees,
and multipath errors.

Ephemeris/Ephemerides A list of predicted (accurate) positions or locations of

satellites as a function of time. It contents a set of
numerical parameters that can be used to determine a
satellite’s position.

Available as broadcast ephemeris or as postprocessed

precise ephemeris.

Epoch The measurement interval of a GPS receiver. The epoch

varies according to the measurement type: for
real-time measurement, it is set at one second; for
post-processed measurement, it can be set to a rate of
between one second and one minute. For example, if
data is measured every 15 seconds, loading data using
30-second epochs means loading every alternate
measurement.

Firmware The program inside the receiver that controls receiver

operations and hardware.

GLONASS Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System. GLONASS is

a Soviet space-based navigation system comparable to
the American GPS system. The operational system
consists of 21 operational and 3 non-operational
satellites in 3 orbit planes.

GNSS Global Navigation Satellite System.

GSOF General Serial Output Format. A Trimble proprietary

message format.

HDOP Horizontal Dilution of Precision. HDOP is a DOP value

that indicates the accuracy of horizontal
measurements. Other DOP values include VDOP
(vertical DOP) and PDOP (Position DOP).

Using a maximum HDOP is ideal for situations where

vertical precision is not particularly important, and the

77
 user’s position yield would be decreased by the vertical
component of the PDOP ( for example, if the user is
collecting data under canopy).

L1 The primary L-band carrier used by GPS satellites to

transmit satellite data.

L2 The secondary L-band carrier used by GPS satellites to

transmit satellite data.

L5 The third L-band carrier used by GPS satellites to

transmit satellite data. L5 will provide a higher power
level than the other carriers. As a result, acquiring and
tracking weak signals will be easier.

MSAS MTSAT Satellite-Based Augmentation System. A

satellite-based augmentation system (SBAS) that
provides a free-to-air differential correction service for
GPS. MSAS is the Japanese equivalent of WAAS, which
is available in the United States.

Multi-Frequency GPS A type of receiver that uses multiple carrier phase

measurements (L1, L2, and L5) from different satellite
frequencies.

Multipath Interference, similar to ghosts on a television screen

that occurs when GPS signals arrive at an antenna
having traversed different paths. The signal traversing
the longer path yields a larger pseudorange estimate
and increases the error. Multiple paths can arise from
reflections off the ground or off structures near the
antenna.

MEA National Marine Electronics Association. NMEA 0183

defines the standard for interfacing marine electronic
navigational devices. This standard defines several
'strings' referred to as NMEA strings that contain
navigational details such as positions. Most CHC GPS
receivers can output positions as NMEA strings.

78
PDOP Position Dilution of Precision. PDOP is a DOP value that
indicates the accuracy of three-dimensional
measurements. Other DOP values include VDOP
(vertical DOP) and HDOP (Horizontal Dilution of
Precision).

Using a maximum PDOP value is ideal for situations

where both vertical and horizontal precision is
important.

Postprocessing Postprocessing is the processing of satellite data after it

has been collected, in order to eliminate the error. This
involves using computer software to compare data
from the rover with data collected at the base station.

Real-Time Differential Also known as a real-time differential correction or

DGPS. Real-time differential GPS is the process of
GPS
correcting GPS data as the user collect it. Corrections
are calculated at a base station and then sent to the
receiver through a radio link. As the rover receives the
position, it applies the corrections to give the user a
very accurate position in the field.

Most real-time differential correction methods apply

corrections to code phase positions. RTK uses carrier
phase measurements.

While DGPS is a generic term, its common

interpretation is that it entails the use of
single-frequency code phase data sent from a GPS base
station to a rover GPS receiver to provide sub-meter
position accuracy. The rover receiver can be at a long
range (greater than 100 km (62 miles)) from the base
station.

Reference Station See base station

Rover A rover is any mobile GPS receiver that is used to

collect or update data in the field, typically at an
unknown location.

RTCM Radio Technical Commission for Maritime Services. A

79
 commission established to define a differential data
link for the real-time differential correction of roving
GPS receivers. There are three versions of RTCM
correction messages. All CHC GPS receivers use Version
2 protocol for single-frequency DGPS type corrections.
Carrier phase corrections are available on Version 2, or
on the newer Version 3 RTCM protocol, which is
available on certain CHC dual-frequency receivers. The
Version 3 RTCM protocol is more compact but is not as
widely supported as Version 2.

RTK Real-time kinematic. It is a real-time differential GPS

method that uses carrier phase measurements for
greater accuracy.

SBAS Satellite-Based Augmentation System. SBAS is based on

differential GPS but applies to wide area (WAAS/EGNOS
and MSAS) networks of reference stations. Corrections
and additional information are broadcast via
geostationary satellites.

Signal-To-Noise Ratio SNR. The signal strength of a satellite is a measure of

the information content of the signal, relative to the
signal’s noise. The typical SNR of a satellite at 30°
elevation is between 47 and 50 dBHz. The quality of a
GPS position is degraded if the SNR of one or more
satellites in the constellation falls below 39.

Skyplot The satellite skyplot confirms reception of a

differentially corrected GPS signal and displays the
number of satellites tracked by the GPS receiver, as
well as their relative positions.

SNR See signal-to-noise ratio

UTC Universal Time Coordinated. A time standard based on

the local solar mean time at the Greenwich meridian.

VRS Virtual Reference Station. A VRS system consists of

GNSS hardware, software, and communication links. It
uses data from a network of reference stations to

80
 provide corrections to each rover that are more
accurate than corrections from a single base station.

To use the VRS corrections, the rover sends its position

to the VRS server. The VRS server uses the reference
station data to model systematic errors (such as
ionospheric delay) at the rover position. It then sends
RTCM or CMR correction messages back to the rover.

WAAS Wide Area Augmentation System. WAAS was

established by the Federal Aviation Administration
(FAA) for flight and approach navigation for civil
aviation. WAAS improves the accuracy and availability
of the basic GPS signals over its coverage area, which
includes the continental United States and outlying
parts of Canada and Mexico.

The WAAS system provides correction data for visible

satellites. Corrections are computed from ground
station observations and then uploaded to two
geostationary satellites. This data is then broadcast on
the L1 frequency and is tracked using a channel on the
GPS receiver, exactly like a GPS satellite.

Use WAAS when other correction sources are

unavailable, to obtain greater accuracy than
autonomous positions. For more information on WAAS,
refer to the FAA website at http://gps.faa.gov.

The EGNOS service is the European equivalent, and

MSAS is the Japanese equivalent of WAAS.

81
CHC - Shanghai Huace Navigation Technology Ltd.

599 Gaojing Road, Building D

Shanghai, 202103, China

Tel: +86 21 542 60 273

Fax: +86 21 649 50 963

Email: | [email protected]

Website: www.chcnav.com