Indefinite Integration

One Shot
Nishant Vora
B.Tech - IIT Patna
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Indefinite Integration
Integration is the reverse process of differentiation.
Standard
Integrals
Standard Integrals

xn+1
1. ∫ xn .dx = + c, n ≠ -1
n+1

2.

3.

4.
Standard Integrals

5.

6.

7.

8.
Standard Integrals

9.

10.

11.

12.

13.
 Rules of
Integration
Theorems of Integration
1. ∫k f(x) dx = k∫f(x) dx, where k is any constant.

2. If f1(x), f2(x), f3(x) ….. (finite in number) are functions of x, then

∫[f1(x) ± f2(x) ± f3(x) …..] dx = ∫f1(x) dx ± ∫f2(x) dx ± …...
Theorems of Integration

3. If ∫ f(x) dx = F(x), then ∫ f(ax ± b)dx = F(ax ± b).

If

and f(0) = 0, then f(1) is equal to : [JEE Main

2020]
A. π+1/4

B. 1/4

C. π-1/4

D. π+2/4
Techniques of
Integration
Techniques of Integration

Substitution

By part (product rule)

Partial (fraction)

Miscellaneous
Integration by
Substitution
Substitution
Substitution

i. ∫ tan x dx = ln (secx) + C OR - ln(cosx) + C

ii. ∫ cot x dx = ln (sinx) + C

iii. ∫ sec x dx = ln (secx + tanx) + C OR

iv. ∫ cosec x dx = ln (cosecx - cotx) + C OR

Substitution

i. ∫ tan x dx = ln (secx) + C
Substitution

iii. ∫ sec x dx
The integral is equal to

(where c is a constant of integration)

[JEE Main 2021]

A.

B.

C.

D.
The integral

is equal to : (where C is a constant of integration)

[JEE Main 2021]

A.

B.

C.

D.
If

and f(1) = 1/k, then the value of K is [JEE Main 2021]

If

and f(0) = 0, then the value of f(1) is :

[JEE Main 2019]

A. -1/2

B. -1/4

C. 1/2

D. 1/4
If

a constant of integration, then λf(π/3) is equal to :

[JEE Main
2020]
A. -9/8

B. 2

C. 9/8

D. -2
If

Where C is a constant of integration, then the function f(x) is equal to :

A. 3/x2 [JEE Main 2019]

B. - 1/6x3

C. - 1/2x2

D. - 1/2x3
The integral is equal to:

(where C is a constant of integration) [JEE Main 2021]

A.

B.

C.

D.
The integral is equal to :

(where C is a constant of integration)

[JEE Main
A. 2020]

B.

C.

D.
If

where C is a constant of integration, then the ordered pair

(λ, f(θ)) is equal to :
[JEE Main
2020]
A. (1, 1 - tanθ)

B. (-1, 1 - tanθ)

C. (-1, 1 + tanθ)

D. (1, 1 + tanθ)
 General
Substitution and
Loving Integrals
General Substitutions

★ ; x = a sin θ

★ ; x = a tan θ

★ ; x = a sec θ

★ ; x2 = a2 cos 2θ
Let

[JEE Main
dx (x ≥ 0). Then f(3) - f(1) is equal to : 2020]

A.

B.

C.

D.
 [JEE Main 2019]
constant of integration, then :

A.

B.

C.

D.
Loving Integrals
1.

2.

3.

4.

5.
Loving Integrals

1.
Loving Integrals

4.
Note

For integration of type. and

★
make ax2 + bx + c as perfect square

★ For integration of type and

write px + q = 𝝺(2ax + b) + μ
Integration
By Parts
Integration by Parts
I L A T E
Type 1 : Separate functions are visible

Example Evaluate ∫ x tan-1 x dx

Type 2 : Considering ‘1’ as a function

Example Evaluate ∫ lnx dx

Type 3 : Recurring By Parts

Example Evaluate ∫ ex cos x dx

Type 4 : Special Cases

a. ∫ ex (f(x) + f’(x)) dx = ex f(x) + C

b. ∫ (f(x) + xf’(x)) dx = x f(x) + C

Type 4 : Special Cases

Example Evaluate
∫ [sin(ln x) + cos(ln x) dx
∫ (2ln x + (ln x)2) dx
The integral equals :

A. e(4e + 1)

B. 4e2 - 1 [JEE Main

2020]
C. e (4e - 1)

D. e (2e - 1)
The integral dx is equal to

A.
[JEE Adv 2014]

B.

C.

D.
where C is a constant of integration, then the ordered pair (A(x), B(x))
can be :
[JEE Main
2020]
A. (x + 1, - √x)

B. (x + 1, √x)

C. (x - 1, - √x)

D. (x - 1, √x)
The integral is equal to

(where C is a constant of integration) :

A. [JEE Main
2020]

B.

C.

D.
If

where C is a constant of integration, then f (x) is equal to :

A. -2x3 - 1
[JEE Main 2019]
B. -4x3 -1

C. -2x3 + 1

D. 4x3 + 1

DIY
Type 1

1.

2.

3.
1.
2.
Type - 2

1.

2.
 Integration
By Partial Fraction
Concept Builder
Partial Fraction

★
Partial Fraction
If

where C is a constant of integration, then B(θ)/A can be :

[JEE Main 2020]

A.

B.

C.

D.
Remember:

★
Partial Fraction can be applied only if
Deg (Nr) < Deg (Dr)

★
If Deg (Nr) ≥ Deg (Dr) then Long
Division
Partial Fractions Involving Even Powers of x only:

★
Partial Fractions Involving Even Powers of x only:
 Integrals of
Trigonometric
Functions
Integrals of Trigonometric Functions:

Type - 1

Multiply Nr and Dr by sec2x or cosec2x and proceed

Integrals of Trigonometric Functions:

Type - 2

Convert sinx and cosx into their corresponding tangent

to half the angles and put
Integrals of Trigonometric Functions:

Type - 3
Evaluate the indefinite integral
Integrals of Trigonometric Functions:

Type - 4

Divide Nr and Dr by x2 and take suitable substitution

Integrals of Trigonometric Functions:

Type - 5

Approach:

(a) Substitute sin x = t, is n is odd;

(b) Substitute cos x = t, is m is odd
Integrals of Trigonometric Functions:

Type - 5

Approach:

(c) Substitute tan x = t, if m + n is a negative even integer.

Integrals of Trigonometric Functions:

Type - 5

Approach:

(d) If m and n are rational numbers and

is a negative integer, then cot x = t or tan x = t

The integral x dx is equal to

(Here c is a constant of integration)

A. -3 tan-1/3 x + C

B. -¾ tan-4/3 x + C

C. -3 cot-1/3 x + C
[(JEE M 2019 - 9 April (M))
D. 3 tan-1/3 x + C
Integrals of Trigonometric Functions:

Type - 6 sin x ± cos x = t

If

where c is a constant of integration, then the ordered pair (a,b) is equal

to :

A. (1, -3) [JEE Main 2021]

B. (1, 3)

C. (-1, 3)

D. (3, 1)
Integrals of
√Quadratic
Integrals of √Quadratic

(i)

(ii)

(iii)
Integrals of √Quadratic
Integrals of √Quadratic
 dx is equal to

A.

B.

C.

D.
 dx is equal to

A.

B.

C.

D.
Integrals of
Irrational
Functions
Integrals of Irrational Algebraic Function

Type - 1 Type - 3

Type - 2 Type - 4
Integrals of Irrational Algebraic Function

Type - 1

Put px + q = t2
Integrals of Irrational Algebraic Function

Type - 2 Put px + q = t2
Integrals of Irrational Algebraic Function

Type - 3

Put ax + b = 1/t
Integrals of Irrational Algebraic Function

Type - 4

Case - 1 When (ax2 + bx + c) breaks up into two linear factors, e.g

Put x - 2 = 1/t Put x + 1 = 1/t

Integrals of Irrational Algebraic Function

Type - 4

Case - 2 If ax2 + bx + c is a perfect square say (lx + m)2 then

put lx + m = 1/t
Integrals of Irrational Algebraic Function

Type - 4

Case - 3 If b = 0; q = 0 e.g. then put x = 1/t

Summary

Integral Substitution

Px + q = t2

Px + q = t2

ax + b = 1/t

x = 1/t
Practice Questions

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.
Answers

1. 2.

3. 4.

5.
Reduction
Formula
Reduction Formula
Reduction Formula
Reduction Formula

Reduction formula of ∫secn x dx

Reduction formula of ∫cosecn x dx

Reduction Formula
Reduction Formula
Reduction Formula
If

such that I2 = αI1 then α equals to : [JEE Main

2020]
A. 5049/5050

B. 5050/5049

C. 5050/5051

D. 5051/5050
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