June 8, 20223 (Thursday) 2.

Selecting randomly a ball from a bag with 26 balls, each marked with
I. TOPIC: Probability letters from a to z.
A. Content Standard: The learner demonstrates understanding of key 3-4. Complete the table for each experiment.
concepts of probability. 3. Tossing a coin and rolling a die
B. Performance Standard: The learner is able to formulate and solve 4. Randomly selecting a ball with colors red, blue, yellow and green, then
practical problems involving probability of simple events. Choosing a number from 1-5
C. Subject Matter: Fundamental counting principle 5-6. Use Tree diagram
-M8GE-IVf-g-1 5. Tossing a coin three times
D. References: E-Math pp. 485-492 6. tossing a coin, rolling a die and choosing a vowel in the alphabet.

II. APPERCEPTIVE BASIS: Inequalities C. Motivation

The PCSO or Philippine Charity Sweepstakes Office is a government-
III. OBJECTIVES: owned and controlled corporation of the Philippines under direct
At the end of the period, the students should be able to do the following supervision of the office of the President of the Philippines. It is mandated
with at least 85% proficiency: to do fund raising and provide funds for health programs, medical assistance
1. define the fundamental counting principle and services and charities of national character. One of the games used to
2. count the number of possible outcomes using the fundamental collect funds is the EZ2 (2digit) Lotto. In this game, how many possible
counting principle outcomes does it have? Can we use the tree diagram to identify and count
3. appreciate the importance of probability in daily life all the possible outcomes? How about 6/58 Ultra Lotto?

D. Development of the lesson

IV. PROCEDURE
Now, in counting the total number of possible outcomes especially when
A. Preliminary Activities
multiple events are considered, there is an easier way. The use of lists,
1. Daily routine
tables and tree diagrams are only feasible for events with a few outcomes.
2. Checking of assignment
When the numb
3. Drill
Multiply the following: er of outcomes grows, it is not practical to list the different possibilities.
1. 2 x 6 6. 3 x 13
2. 7 x 8 7. 6 x 9 x 2 Fundamental Counting Principle
Fundamental Counting Principle is a way to figure out the total number
3. 9 x 4 8. 2 x 8 x 10
of possible outcomes when multiple events are considered.
4. 12 x 5 9. 7 x 5 x 4
5. 15 x 4 10. 11 x 7 x 10 If one thing can occur in m ways and a second thing can occur in n ways,
and a third thing can occur in p ways, and so on, then the sequence of things
B. Review can occur in m x n x p x…ways.
In the following experiments, do what is indicated and find n(S)
1-2 Use listing method
1. Guessing the month in which a classmate was born. Example 1: Food Industry
 In Ziah’s eatery, a customers can choose from 5 appetizers, 8 Example 3: Manufacturing Business
beverages, 3 entrees, and 3 desserts on the menu.
Oil: Palm oil, Dairy cream A company puts a code on each different product they sell. The code is
Add-ons: Egg, Veggies made up of 3 numbers and 2 letters. How many different codes are possible
Beverages: hot tea, hot coffee, hot milk, hot chocolate if repetition of digits and letters are NOT ALLOWED?
How many possible combinations are there?  There are 5 parts (1st number, 2nd number, 3rd number, 1st letter and 2nd
Step 1: Determine how many parts can be customized in your meal letter)
There are 3 parts: oil, add-ons and beverages.  There are 10 possible numbers: 0 – 9.
Step 2: Identify how many choices there are for each part  There are 26 possible letters: A – Z.
Meal component Appetizers Beverages Entrees Desserts
CODE 1st number 2nd number 3rd number 1st letter 2nd letter
Number of
5 8 5 3 No. of 10 9 8 26 25
choices Choices

Step 3: Use the fundamental counting principle to determine how many

different meals are possible 10 x 9 x 8 x 26 x 25 = 468,000 possible codes.

5x8x5x3=600 Example 4: Fashion Sense

So there are 600 possible meals.
Pito Moreno, a pillar of Philippine fashion wants to conduct a fashion show
Example 2: Technology - Online security for his new clothing designs. If he had 12 upper garments, 5 trousers and 10
pairs of shoes, in how many ways possible outfits can he present?
You want to use G-cash for your online transactions. In order to complete
your registration, you have to set up your 4-digit Pin. In how many ways can  There are 3 parts (Upper garments, trousers, shoes
you create your 4-digit pin if each digits can be chosen from numbers 0-9?.  There are 12 designs for upper garments.
 There are 5 trousers
 There are 10 pairs of shoes
 There are 4 parts: 1st Digit, 2nd digit, 3rd digit and 4th digit

Upper Garments Trousers SHoes

Password 1st digit 2nd digit 3rd digit 4th digit
No. of Choices 12 5 10
Number of 10
10 10 10
choices
10 x 10 x 10 x 10 = 10000 or 104 = 10000 12 x 5 x 10 = 600 possible outfits.
 This allows us to formulate the following:
When you have n objects to choose from and you choose from them r
times, then the total number of possibilities are:
n × n × n…× n(r times) = nr
E. Generalization
 1. In counting the total number of possible outcomes when multiple “In every single thing you do, you are choosing a direction. Your life is a
events are considered, use the ____________. product of choices” – Dr. Kathleen Hall
2. If one thing can occur in m ways and a second thing can occur in n
ways, and a third thing can occur in p ways, and so on, then the sequence of H. Evaluation
things can occur in_______________. 1: You take a multiple choice test made up of 5 questions. Each question has
3. When you have n objects to choose from and you choose from them r 4 possible answers. How many different ways are there to answer the test
times, then the total number of possibilities are ___________. (assuming you don’t leave a question blank)?
2: An online company is offering a date night special: pick one movie from
F. Application four choices, one restaurant from six choices and either flowers, chocolates
Groupings: Interactive PowerPoint or wine. How many possible date night options are there?
Divide the class into 4 groups. 3. A gift basket is made up from one CD, one book, one box of sweets, one
Instructions: packet of nuts and one bottle of fruit juice. The person who makes up the
Each group will answer the following questions and each question will be gift basket can choose from five different CDs, four different books, two
answered by two specific members only. They can determine those two different boxes of sweets, two kinds of nuts and five flavors of fruit juice.
members by the photos that will appear in the slide along with each How many different gift baskets can be produced?
questions. 4. You toss three coins. How many possible outcomes are there in the
If you input a wrong answer, this will pop up in your screen “Sorry, experiment?
wrong answer. Please try again” and you have to input another answer until 5. Suppose you have 3 shirts (call them A, B, and C), and 4 pairs of pants (call
you get the correct answer. Once you got the correct answer, this will pop them w, x, y, and z). How many possible outfits can you made?
up in your screen “Correct! Congratulations” and it will automatically
proceed to the next question. V. Agreement
1. Tarry has five different skirts, four different tops and three pairs of shoes.
1: How many ways can you dress if you have 5 shirts and 6 pants? Assuming that all the colors complement each other, how many different
2: You opened a new bank account, and the teller requires you to create outfits can she put together?
your own 5-digit PIN consisting of digits from 0 to 9. How many possible 2. In a multiple-choice test of 10 questions, the answers can be A, B, C or D.
PINs can you made if you do not want to repeat any digits? How many different ways are there in answering the test?
3: A wedding caterer gives you three choices for the main course, six starter 3. A debit card requires a five digit personal identification number (PIN)
choices and five options for dessert. How many different meals (made up of consisting of digits from 0 to 9. The digits may be repeated. How many
starter, dinner and dessert) are there? possible PINs are there?
4. An ice cream place has vanilla, cheese, strawberry and chocolate flavors.
You can have your ice cream in a cup or in a waffle cone. How many choices
do you have? VI. Reflection
5. A combination lock consists of 4 numbers. Each number can be any digit No. of learners who earned 80% in the evaluation
from 0 to 9. How many different combinations are there? 8-7 8-15 8-22 8-27

G. Valuing
Prepared by:

Rosilito E. Gonzales

Observed by:

Ms. Ma. Theresa Mallari