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Answer Keys

1 B 2 C 3 C 4 D 5 B 6 B 7 B
8 A 9 B 10 B 11 A 12 A 13 A 14 B
15 A 16 A 17 D 18 C 19 A 20 A 21 16
22 8 23 560 24 8 25 15 26 1.668 27 13.8 28 34.74
29 13.83 30 11 31 B 32 D 33 B 34 B 35 C
36 C 37 D 38 A 39 D 40 C 41 B 42 C
43 A 44 C 45 B 46 C 47 A 48 D 49 A
50 A 51 C 52 C 53 A 54 A 55 A 56 D

57 C 58 B 59 D 60 B 61 A 62 B 63 A
64 A 65 B
Explanations:-

1. Here M = (1 + xy ) y and N = (1 − xy ) x , which are of the form M = yf1 ( x, y ) and N = xf2 ( x, y ) . We note
∂M ∂N
that, − = (1 + 2xy ) − (1 − 2xy ) = 4xy ≠ 0 ; Therefore, the given equation is not exact.
∂y ∂x
We check that Mx − Ny = 2x2y2 ≠ 0
1 1
∴ By rule ( 4 ) , = is an integrating factor for the given equation.
Mx − Ny 2x2 y2
Multiplying the given equation by this factor, we obtain the exact equation
⎛ 1 1⎞ ⎛ 1 1⎞
⎜ 2 + ⎟ dx + ⎜ 2 − ⎟ dy = 0 . The general solution of this exact equation is
⎝ x y x ⎠ ⎝ xy y⎠

1 1 1 1 1⎛ 1⎞ 1
∫x 2
dx + ∫ x dx − ∫ y dy = c or ⎜ − ⎟ + log x − log y = c or log ( x / y ) − =c
y y⎝ x⎠ xy

2. Out of three items selected, none can be defective, one can be defective, two can be defective, or all
the three can be defective. Thus, X can take values 0,1,2,3. Accordingly, since there are eight non-
defective items in the box, we have:
8
C3 14
P ( X = 0 ) = Probability of selecting three non-defective items = 12
=
C3 55
4
C1 ×8 C2 28
P ( X = 1) = Probability of selecting one defective item and two non-defective items = 12
=
C3 55
4
C2 × 8C1 12
P ( X = 2 ) = Probability of selecting two defective and one non-defective items = 12
=
C3 55
4
C3 4 × (3!× 9!) 1
P ( X = 3) = Probability of selecting three defective items = 12
= =
C3 12! 55
Thus, the probability distribution of X is as shown in the following Table:
X: 0 1 2 3

P (X) : 14/55 28/55 12/55 1/55

From this distribution,
⎛ 14 ⎞ ⎛
12 ⎞ ⎛ 28 ⎞ ⎛
1 ⎞ 28 + 24 + 3
Mean= μ = ∑ x P ( x ) = ⎜ 0 × 55 ⎟ + ⎜1 × 55 ⎟ + ⎜ 2 × 55 ⎟ + ⎜ 3 × 55 ⎟ =
i i
55
=1
⎝ ⎠ ⎝ ⎝ ⎠ ⎝ ⎠ ⎠
14 28 12 1 30
Variance = σ2 = ∑ ( xi − μ ) P ( xi ) = ( 0 − 1) × + (1 − 1) × + (2 − 1) × + (3 − 1) ×
2 2 2 2 2
=
55 55 55 55 55
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3. ( )
We know that , A adjA = A I ⇒ AB= A I(Since B = adjA ) ( )
3 3 3 3
⇒ AB = A ; A B = A ; A 64 = A , A = 64 ⇒ A = ± 8

17. For many reactions, more particularly for elementary reactions the rate equation is a function of
concentration and temperature
Rate equation (r) = t (temperature) f (concentrate)

20. In an adiabatic irreversible process, dQ=0 is not equal to TdS (TdS>0)

60 × 20
21. 20min → 75% conversion ; x min. → 60% conversion ⇒ x = = 16 min
75
Cmax

∫ t.dcstep
10 × 4 40
22. τ= 0
max
= = = 8min
5 5
∫
0
dcstep

200 − x x − 800
23. = ⇒ 3x − 2400 = 400 − 2x ⇒ x=560
⎛L ⎞ ⎛ 2L ⎞
⎜ ⎟ ⎜ ⎟
⎝K ⎠ ⎝ 3K ⎠

24. Mode = 8, since frequency is maximum for 8.

25. Given, that trace A=3

Trace 3A= 3 x trace A=3x5=15

26. We know from the ratio of heat and temp of the two regions that
QH Q Q 80000 × 271
= L ⇒ QL = H TL = = 73993.17 kJ / h
TH TL TH 293
The power input required is
Wnet = QH − QL = ( 80,000 − 73993.17 ) kJ / h= 6006.83 kJ/h = 1.668 kW

F +P 5 × 105 + 6.5 × 105

27. s' = = = 13.8lacs
x 25
1− 1−
s 100

28. y ( t ) = 1 − e−t / ξ ; To reach 90%, y(t)=0.9

0.9 = 1 − e−t / ξp ⇒ e−t / ξp = 0.1 ⇒ et / ξ = 10 ∴ ξ = 34.74 sec s

Um × L 20 × 1.5
29. Re = = = 1818181.8 > R ec
l 16.5 × 10−6
Flow is turbulent
1
he 1/2 K W
Nu = 0.664 R e .Pr 3 ;
K
= 0.664 × (1818181.8 ) (0.708)1 / 3 × L ∴ h=13.83 2
m ºK

30. ( ) (
Q1 = σ T14 − T24 ; 25=σ 21234 − 7734 = 1.25 × 10−12 W /ºK )
(
Q2 = 1.25 × 10−12 17734 − 10234 = 10.98 ≈ 11W )
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1 −1
31. We know that if λ is an eigen value of A, then λ −1 is an eigen value of A −1 . Therefore, , are the
3 2
eigen values of
Adj A ⎛ Adj A ⎞
A −1 = ⎜∵ A = ⎟ ; ∴ Eigen values of Adj A are
4 ⎝ 4 ⎠
4
, −2 ⎡⎣∵ if λ is an eigen value of A, then kλ is an an eigen value of kA ⎤⎦
3
π π

12
8
1 4×2 2
32. Setting 4x=t, we obtain ∫ cos 4xdx = ∫ cos5 tdt = ×
5
=
0 4 0 4 5 × 3 15

33. k1 = hf ( x0 , y0 ) ; k 2 = hf ( x0 + h1y0 + k1 )

k1 + k 2
y1 = y0 + ; y'=-y;f ( x,y ) = −y, y ( 0 ) = y0 ,
2
k1 = −hy0; k2 = h ⎡⎣ − ( y0 + k1 ) ⎤⎦ = h ⎡⎣ − ( y0 − hy0 ) ⎤⎦ = −hy0 ⎡⎣1 − h⎤⎦

⎡ −hy0 − hy0 (1 − h) ⎤
y1 = y0 + ⎣ ⎦ = y − hy0 1 + 1 − h
2
0
2
( )
hy0 y y
= y0 −
2
(2 − h) = y0 − hy0 + h2 20 ∴ y1 = 20 h2 − 2h + 2 ( )
⎡4 5 x ⎤ ⎡4 5 x ⎤
⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
34. Let A = ⎢5 6 y ⎥ ∼ ⎢5 6 x + d ⎥ ⎣⎡∵ x, y, z are in AP ⎦⎤
⎢6 k z ⎥⎦ ⎢⎣6 k x + 2d⎥⎦
⎣
⎡4 5 x ⎤
⎢ ⎥
∼ ⎢5 6 x + d⎥ ⎣⎡ Applying R 3 → R 3 + R1 − 2R 2 ⎦⎤
⎢0 k − 7 0 ⎥⎦
⎣
Rank of A is 2 if k-7=0 i.e. k=7 and d is any arbitrary number.

∂f ( x, y )
35. f ( x, y ) = 4x2 + 6y2 − 8x − 4y + 8 ; = 8x − 8 = 0 ⇒ x = 1
∂x
∂2 f ( x, y )
= 8 ( + ve ) , hence at x = 1, f ( x, y ) is minimum
∂x2
∂f ( x, y ) 1
= 12y − 4 = 0 ⇒ y =
∂y 3
∂2 f ( x, y ) 1
= 12 ( + ve ) , hence at y = , f ( x, y ) is minimum
∂y2 3
1 10
hence δ ( x, y ) at x = 1 and y = is (minimum)
3 3

1 1 1
×
36. Inner loop = τs + 1 =
1
; Total loop =
τs ( τs + 1)
=
1
1 τs 1 1 τ2 2
s + τs + 1
1− 1+ ×
τs + 1 ( τs) ( τs + 1)

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39. The stoichiometric coefficients of the chemical reaction are

SA = −2 ; SB = 1 ; St = 0 ; 4 = −1
The reaction rate is not provided, we have to determine that. We select the inlet stream to the system
as the reference stream. Hence (Ftot ) = (Ftot ) y A = 0.8 ; yt = 0.2
0 in 0 0

CA0
The reference concentration is CO = = 0.0625 mol / L
yA0
The volumetric flow rate of the reference stream is
(Ftot )0
u0 = = 2000L / min ; For a gas – Phase reaction, the species concentration is
C0
2
⎛ y A + SA Z ⎞
V = kc2 ⎜ 0
0 ⎜ 1 + ΔZ ⎟
⎟ ; For a second order reaction, the characteristic reaction time
⎝ ⎠
2
1 d ⎛ 0.8 − 2z ⎞
tC is tC = ; The design equation is 2 = ⎜ ⎟
r r kc0 dT ⎝ 1 − z ⎠
Separating the variables, the design equation for the reaction is
zout ⎛ 2
1−Z ⎞
T =
∫
0
⎜ ⎟ dz ; Where T is the dimensionless space time of the reactor;
⎝ 0.8 − 2z ⎠
Mole fraction of reactant A at the reactor outlet:
FAout 0.8 − 2Zout
y Aout = = = 0.16
Ftot out 1 − Zout

Solving gives Zout = 0.348 ; Substituting this values gives T = 2.2

VR
The characteristic reaction time is tC = = 0.2278 min
r u0 T
1
The reaction rate constant is K = = 70.39L / mol min
c0tc
r

Now, we design a reactor to provide 90% conversion

0.36 ⎛ 1 − z ⎞ 2
YAin 0.8
Zout = −
5SA
fAout = −
−2
( 0.9 ) = 0.36 ; Tnew =
0
⎜ ∫ ⎟ dz = 2.8
⎝ 0.8 − 2z ⎠
The required reactor volume is
VRnew = u0 tc T = (2000L / min) ( 0.2278 min)(2.8 ) = 275L
r

An additional 275L should be added to the reactor

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40. In burning of graphite particles there is no ash formation. The reacting particles shrink in size as
reaction progresses and finally disappear.
As ash layer is absent there are only two possible resistances:
(i) Resistance offered by film diffusion
(ii) Resistance offered by chemical reaction
Film diffusion does not offer any resistance; Resistance is offered by chemical reaction
Hence, chemical reaction controls the rate
When chemical reaction controls the rate, the time required for complete conversion is given by
PBR 0
i.e., the time required for complete burning of particle of graphite, T =
bk "CA
g

Combustion Reaction= C ( S ) + 02 ( g) → C02 ( g) − compare − A ( g) + bB ( S ) → fluid products

∴ b = 1 (Stoichiometric coefficient of C : carbon); R 0 = 5mm = 0.5cm

Density of graphite = ρB = 2.2g / cm3 ; Rate constant = k”: = 20cm/s

Evaluate CA : bulk gas phase concentration of A
g

PA
g
Here A is 02 CA = ; A in gas stream – 8% by volume, total pressure % A
g RT
PAg 8 ×1
Pressure % A = 8 = × 100 ∴ PA = = 0.08atm
P g 100

(
T = 900O C = 1173 k ; R = 82.06 cm3 atm / mol.k ; CA = ) g
0.08
82.06 × 1173
8.31 × 10−7 mol / cm3

ρB = 2.2g / cm3 Convert this mass density into molar density mol/cm3
2.2 0.183 × 0.50
ρB = = 0.183 mol / ch3; ( At.wt C = 12 ) ∴ T = = 5505.4S ≈ 1.53h
12 1 × 20 × 8.31 × 10−7

42. Pressure P= pgh, so pressure depends on only height. Since, height of liquid is same in both tubes.
Therefore, pressure will be same with both tubes.

44. From the equation, K = 2 DVmax / πL .

We have
⎡ 1.9 × 10−5 cm2 / sec ⎤ ⎛ V ⎞ L
2.5 × 10−3 cm / sec = 2 ⎢ ⎥ ⎜ max ⎟ ⇒ = 3.9 sec;
⎢⎣ π ⎥⎦ ⎝ L ⎠ Vmax

Similarly from the equation

K=
D
T
; 2.5 × 10-3cm / sec = (1.9 × 10 −5
)
cm2 / sec / T ; T=3sec

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45.

P2 0.25m

Drainage

Pump

P1 2m

0.5 m

P1 = 10 m of water(given)
D1=0.5m
P2=6.6 m of water
D2=0.25m
1 ⎛ V22 ⎞
Head loss = h2 = ⎜ ⎟
10 ⎝ 2g ⎠
According to continuity equation
A1V1=A2 V2
(π /4)(0.5)2 (V1 ) =(π /4)(0.25)2 (v2)
V2=4V1
According to Bernoulli's equation
P1 /ρg + V12 /2g +Z1 = P2 /ρg +V22 /2g +Z2 +h2
10 + (V12 /2g) +0 = 6.6 +(V22 /2g) +3+ V22 /2g(1/10)
-3.4+11V22 /20g +3 = V12 /2g
-6.8= -(34/10g)V12
V1=1.414m/s
Discharge= (π /4)(0.5)2 (1.414)= 0.2777m3 /s

47. Given C.E s3 + 6s2 + 11s + 6 (1 + KC ) = 0

1 11
6 6 (1 + KC ) (6 × 11) − 6 (1 + KC ) × 1 = 10 − K
C=
C (10 − KC ) 6
C

6 (1 + KC )
According to Rouths test, all the elements of the first column of the Routh array be positive and
nonzero
So 10 − KC > 0 ⇒ KC < 10

48. Mixed flow reactor

V τ X 2
= = A − rA = KCA2 = KCAO2 (1 − X A )
FAO CAO −rA
V XA XA
= ⇒ Vα ⎡⎣ All else remaining ch arged⎤⎦
2
FPO CAO (1 − X A )
2
(1 − XA )2
2 2
V2 = σV1
V2
=
X A2
×
(1 − XA1 ) ⇒
σV1
=
X A2
×
(0.5) ⇒ X A2 = 0.75
V1 (1 − XA2 )2 X A1 V1 (1 − X A2 ) 0.5

2 3
t ⎛r ⎞ ⎛r ⎞
49. For Ash diffusion , = 1 − 3⎜ c ⎟ + 2⎜ c ⎟
τ ⎝R ⎠ ⎝R ⎠
2 3
3
⎛R⎞ ⎛R⎞
R ⎛ rc ⎞ t ⎜ ⎟ ⎜ ⎟ t 1
Here, given rc = 1 − XB = ⎜ ⎟ , = 1 − 3 ⎜ ⎟ + 2 ⎜ 2 ⎟ , =
2
2 ⎝R ⎠ τ ⎜R ⎟ ⎜R⎟ τ 2
⎜ ⎟ ⎜ ⎟
⎝ ⎠ ⎝ ⎠

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50. (
z = hs − (nV + F ) = 500x = 45x + 2 × 105 ; x=5000 )
(
∴ z=500 × 5000- 45 × 5000+2 × 105 = +2075000 )
⎛ Profit ⎞
51. Return on investment = ⎜ ⎟ × 100
⎝ Investment ⎠

500x-(45x+200000)
0.3=
1250x-0.25x2
On solving, x = 1185kg

d2 T q"'
52. Given eqn is + =0
2 K
dx
d2 T q''
Given equn + = 0;Int egrating 2 times, wehave
dx2 K
'''
dT q1 x q''' 2
+ + C1 = 0 ⇒ T + x + C1x + C2 = 0
dx K 2K
q''' 2
T =− x + C1x + C2
2K
where C1,C2are constants obtained by substituting BC's
T=TS at x = 0 and T = TS at x = 2x
q'''L
After substituting BC, we get C1 = ,C2 = TS
K
q''' 2 q'''L q'''
T =−
2K
x + TS +
K
= TS +
2K
(2L − x ) x

q'''
53. Heat flux at left face, T = TS +
2x
(2L − x ) x
dT q''' q''' q''' q'''
dx
=
2K
( 2L ) −
2K
( 2x ) =
K
L−
K
x

dT ⎛ q''' q''' ⎞ q'''

At left face = ⎜ L− x⎟ = L
dx x = 0 ⎜ K K ⎟ K
⎝ ⎠ x =0

dT q'''
Heat flux q = −K A = −KA. L = − Aq'''L
dx x = 0 K

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54. Basic 1 kg of aqueous solution

A – water, B- kerosene, C – solute
Since water and kerosene are insoluble, the concentrations can be expressed on a C-free basis
Feed : A = 0.8 kg B=0 C = 0.2kg
Mass C 0.2
x 'F = = = 0.25
Mass A 0.8
Solvent : A = 0, B = 5kg C = 0; S1 = 5kg, ys ' = 0
When A and B are insoluble, we have
−A ys − yn −A y ' − y '1
= ; For stage 1 = s
Bn x 'n −1 − x 'n Bn x 'F − x1 '
−0.8 0 − y1 ' −y1 '
= =
5 0.25 − x1 ' 0.25 − 6.45 y1 '
y1 ' = 0.0197; x1 ' = 6.45 × 0.0197 = 0.127
−A y' − y ' −0.8 0 − y2 '
For stage 2 : = 1 2 ⇒ =
B x1 '− x2 ' 5 0.127 − 6.45 − y2 '
∴ y2 ' = 0.0099 and x2 ' = 0.0638
−0.8 0 − y3 '
For stage 3 : = ⇒ y3 ' = 0.005 and x3 ' = 0.032
5 0.0638 − 6.45y3 '
0.032
Concentration of final raffinate solution = = 0.031
1 + 0.032
∴ 3.1% of solute present in the solution

55. Final raffinate solute concentration = 3.5 wt%

3.5
x1
np = = 0.03626
100 − 3.5
When the equilibrium curve is of constant slope and A and B are completely insoluble
Then,
B
N −m '
⎛ m'B ⎞ P +1 A
⎜ ⎟
x 'F − x 'NP ⎝ A ⎠
=
x 'F − y 's / m ' N
⎛ m'B ⎞ P +1
⎜ ⎟ −1
⎝ A ⎠
y' 1
m' = = = 0.155; B = 6kg, A = 0.8 kg
x ' 6.45
NP +1
⎡ ⎛ 6 ⎞⎤ ⎛ 6 ⎞
⎢0.155 ⎜ ⎟⎥ − ⎜ 0.155 × ⎟
⎛ 0.25 − 0.03626 ⎞ ⎣ ⎝ 0.8 ⎠ ⎦ ⎝ 0.8 ⎠
∴⎜ ⎟=
⎝ 0.25 − 0 ⎠ Np +1
⎛ 6 ⎞
⎜ 0.155 × ⎟ −1
⎝ 0.8 ⎠
Solving for we get, NP = 4
Hence, four theoretical stages would be required.

60. M students are taking a Mathematics course

L students are taking a Language course
B students are taking both Mathematics and a Language course
Number of students taking at least one of the two courses = M ∪ L=M + L − B =

(
Hence, number of students taking neither of the two courses = G − M + L − B = G + B − M − L )
⎛G + B − M − L⎞
In terms of percentage the total number of Students = ⎜ ⎟ × 100
⎝ G ⎠
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62. Let the cost of 1 litre pure milk be 1

3 3
Milk in 1 litre of 1st can = l ; C.P of 1l mix in 1st can =
4 4

1 1
Milk in 1 litre of 2nd can = l ; C.P. of 1l mix in 2nd can be =
2 2

5 5 3
1
Milk in 1 litre of final mix = l ; Mean price = Rs. 4
8 8 2
Mean price
C.P. of 1l mixture in 1st can; C.P. of 1l mixture in 2nd can 5
3
1 1
∴ Ratio of two mixtures = : = 1:1 1 1
8 8
8 8
1
So, quantity of mixture taken from each can = × 12 = 6 l
2

63. Add all three numbers given in the square and then add again the digits of resultant numbers. The
number, which we get equivalent to given alphabet

Example : 6 + 4 + 4 = 14

14 ⇒ 1 + 4 = 5, which is equivalent toE

Similarly, 1 + 14 + 2 = 17
17 ⇒ 1 + 7 = 8 which is equivalent to H

64. Let the cost price be Rs.100

He gains 14.28%; So, S.P = 100 + 14.28 = 114.28

Allowing 11.11% discount, If 88.89 is S.P, then marked price is 100

100
Therefore, if 114.28 is S.P then marked price is × 114.28 = 128.56
88.89

65. In 1999, total number of Cobe trousers = 124

Number of Cobe trousers disposed = 20% of 30=6
Number of trousers bought in 1999 = Total number of Cobe trousers in 1999 – number of trousers
purchased 1997 – number of trousers disposed off in 1999 – number of trousers purchased in 1998=
124 – 30 – 6 – (80-30) = 50

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