Table of Contents ________________

Diameter Protocol Definition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Diameter to RADIUS Comparison . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3
Diameter Sessions vs. Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Diameter Relay Agent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Diameter Proxy Agent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Diameter Redirect Agent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Diameter Translations Agent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Diameter Message Header . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Diameter Message Flags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Diameter Attribute Value Pair (AVP) Header . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Attribute Value Pair Flags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Diameter Protocol Stack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
TCP Three-Way Handshake . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Transport Layer Security (TLS) Handshake . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP)
Four-Way Handshake . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Datagram Transport Layer Security (DTLS) Handshake . . . . . . . . . 8
Transport Comparison (TCR vs. UDP vs. SCTP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Name Authority Pointer Query (NAPTR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Server Record Query . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Capabilities Exchange Request (CER) Message . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Capabilities Exchange Answer (CEA) Message . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Diameter Peer Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Disconnect Peer Request (DPR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Disconnect Peer Answer (DPA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Device-Watchdog Request . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Device-Watchdog Answer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Diameter Peer Message Call Flow Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Diameter Routing Concepts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Diameter Proxy-Info AVP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Diameter Vendor-Specific-Application Id. AVP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Diameter Protocol Error Handling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Diameter Application Error Handling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Diameter Message Header with “E” Bit Set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15
Failed-AVP AVP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Experimental-Result AVP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Diameter Base Protocol -- Pocket Guide                            1  

Table of Contents (Continued)_________
Diameter Time Based Accounting Call Flow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16
Accounting-Request (ACR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Accounting-Answer (ACA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Example of Diameter Multi Session Accounting Call Flow . . . . . . .19
Re-Auth-Request (RAR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Re-Auth-Answer (RAA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Session Termination Request (STR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Session Termination Answer (STA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Abort-Session Request (ASR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Abort-Session Answer (ASA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Termination Causes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Augmented Backus-Naur Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Command Code Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Diameter AVP Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Diameter Command Code / AVP Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Diameter Accounting AVP Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Glossary of Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

  Diameter Base Protocol -- Pocket Guide                            2  

Diameter Protocol Definition
Diameter is an Authentication, Authorization and Accounting (AAA)
protocol used in both telecommunications and computer networks.
Diameter ahs evolved and replaced the Radius Protocol. In mobile
telecommunications networks Diameter has been selected as a
replacement for the Transaction Capabilities Application Part (TCAP)
of the legacy SS7 Protocol.

Diameter to RADIUS Comparison

Feature Diameter RADIUS
Communications Ports 3868 for Diameter Base Protocol 1812 - UDP 1813 - Accounting
Message Handling Server Initiated Messages are Server Initiated Messages Not
Supported Supported
Error Reporting Supported Not Supported
Security TSL for TCP, DTLS for SCTP and 268
IPSec secondary
Transport Methods Use either Stream Control User Datagram Protocol (UDP)
Transmission Protocol (SCTP) or Used
Transmission Control Protocol
(TCP)
Agent Support Diameter Defines Four Types of RADIUS Does Not Define the
Agents: Relay, Proxy, Redirect Behavior of Agents Precisely.
and Translation Implementations Can Vary.

Authentication Uses NAIs (Network Access Uses NAIs (Network Access

Identifier), CHAP (Challenge Identifier), CHAP (Challenge
Handshake Authentication Handshake Authentication
Protocol), EAP (Extensible Protocol), EAP (Extensible
Authentication Protocol), and PAP Authentication Protocol), and PAP
(Password Authentication (Password Authentication
Protocol) Protocol)
Node Discovery Methods Manual Input and Dynamic Manual -- Dynamic not Supported
Discovery
Maximum Size of Attributes 16 MB 255 Bytes
Scalability Good Very Poor
Reliability Reliable Transmission Transmission Not Reliable. Based
On UDP

Diameter Sessions vs. Connections

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Diameter Relay Agent

Diameter Proxy Agent

Diameter Redirect Agent

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Diameter Translations Agent

Diameter Message Header

Diameter Message Flags

The Flag field is a 1-byte field used to define:
• Message type (Request/Answer)
• Whether the message can be relayed, proxied, redirected or
must be locally processed
• If the message is an error or regular message
• If the message is potentially retransmitted

Diameter Attribute Value Pair (AVP) Header

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Attribute Value Pair Flags

Diameter Protocol Stack

TCP Three-Way Handshake

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Transport Layer Security (TLS) Handshake  

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Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP)
Four-Way Handshake  

Datagram Transport Layer Security (DTLS)

Handshake  

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Transport Comparison (TCR vs. UDP vs. SCTP)
Capability TCP UDP SCTP
Reliability Reliable Unreliable Reliable
Securtiy Yes Yes Better
Fault Tollerance No No Yes
Congestion Control Yes No Yes
Connection Management Connection-Oriented Connectionless Connection-Oriented
Transmission Byte-Oriented Message-Oriented Message-Oriented
Data Delivery Strictly Ordered Unordered Both (Ordered & Unordered)
Flow Control Yes No Yes

Name Authority Pointer Query (NAPTR)

Server Record Query

  Diameter Base Protocol -- Pocket Guide                            9  

Capabilities Exchange Request (CER) Message  

Capabilities Exchange Answer (CEA) Message

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  Diameter Base Protocol -- Pocket Guide                            10  

Diameter Peer Table

Disconnect Peer Request (DPR)

Disconnect Peer Answer (DPA)

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  Diameter Base Protocol -- Pocket Guide                            11  

Device-Watchdog Request

Device-Watchdog Answer

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  Diameter Base Protocol -- Pocket Guide                            12  

Diameter Peer Message Call Flow Example

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  Diameter Base Protocol -- Pocket Guide                            13  

Diameter Routing Concepts

Diameter Proxy-Info AVP

Diameter Vendor-Specific-Application Id. AVP

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  Diameter Base Protocol -- Pocket Guide                            14  

Diameter Protocol Error Handling

Diameter Application Error Handling

Diameter Message Header with “E” Bit Set

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Failed-AVP AVP

 
Experimental-Result AVP  

 
Diameter Time Based Accounting Call Flow  

 
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  Diameter Base Protocol -- Pocket Guide                            16  

Accounting-Request (ACR)

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Accounting-Answer (ACA)

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Example of Diameter Multi Session Accounting Call
Flow

AVPs
Number Message Type Acct-Multi-Session Id Session Id Sub-Session-Id Accounting Record Type Acc-Interim-Interval
1 ACR 225 131 EVENT
2 ACA 225 131 EVENT
3 ACR 225 422 START 10 Seconds
4 ACA 225 422 START 10 Seconds
5 ACR 225 422 INTERIM
6 ACA 225 422 INTERIM
7 ACR 225 422 338 START
8 ACA 225 422 338 STOP
9 ACR 225 422 STOP
10 ACA 225 422 STOP

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Re-Auth-Request (RAR)  

Re-Auth-Answer (RAA)

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  Diameter Base Protocol -- Pocket Guide                            20  

Session Termination Request (STR)

Session Termination Answer (STA)

<STA> ::= < Diameter Header: 275, PXY>
<Session-Id>
{ Result-Code }
{ Origin-Host }
{ Origin-Realm }
[ User-Name ]
[ Class ]
[ Error-Message ]
[ Error-Reporting-Host ]
[ Failed AVP ]
[ Origin-State-Id ]
[ Redirect-Host ]
[ Redirect-Host-Usage ]
[ Redirect-Max-Cache-Time ]
* [ Proxy-Info ]
* [AVP]
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Abort-Session Request (ASR)
<ASR> ::= < Diameter Header: 274, REQ, PXY>
<Session-Id>
{ Origin-Host }
{ Origin-Realm }
{ Destination-Relam }
{ Destination-Host }
{ Auth-Application-Id }
[ User-Name ]
[ Origin-State-Id ]
* [ Proxy-Info ]
* [ Record-Record ]
* [AVP]

Abort-Session Answer (ASA)

<ASA> ::= < Diameter Header: 274, PXY>
<Session-Id>
{ Result-Code }
{ Origin-Host }
{ Origin-Realm }
[ User-Name ]
[ Origin-State-Id ]
[ Error-Message ]
[ Error-Reporting-Host ]
[ Failed AVP ]
* [ Redirect-Host ]
[ Redirect-Host-Usage ]
[ Redirect-Max-Cache-Time ]
* [ Proxy-Info ]
* [AVP]
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Termination Causes
AVP Value Attribute Name Reference
0 Reserved
1 DIAMETER_LOGOUT [RFC3588][RFC6733]
DIAMETER_SERVICE_NOT_PRO
2 [RFC3588][RFC6733]
VIDED
3 DIAMETER_BAD_ANSWER [RFC3588][RFC6733]
4 DIAMETER_ADMINISTRATIVE [RFC3588][RFC6733]
5 DIAMETER_LINK_BROKEN [RFC3588][RFC6733]
6 DIAMETER_AUTH_EXPIRED [RFC3588][RFC6733]
7 DIAMETER_USER_MOVED [RFC3588][RFC6733]
8 DIAMETER_SESSION_TIMEOUT [RFC3588][RFC6733]
9-10 Unassigned
11 User Request [RFC2866][RFC7155]
12 Lost Carrier [RFC2866][RFC7155]
13 Lost Service [RFC2866][RFC7155]
14 Idle Timeout [RFC2866][RFC7155]
15 Session Timeout [RFC2866][RFC7155]
16 Admin Reset [RFC2866][RFC7155]
17 Admin Reboot [RFC2866][RFC7155]
18 Port Error [RFC2866][RFC7155]
19 NAS Error [RFC2866][RFC7155]
20 NAS Request [RFC2866][RFC7155]
21 NAS Reboot [RFC2866][RFC7155]
22 Port Unneeded [RFC2866][RFC7155]
23 Port Preempted [RFC2866][RFC7155]
24 Port Suspended [RFC2866][RFC7155]
25 Service Unavailable [RFC2866][RFC7155]
26 Callback [RFC2866][RFC7155]
27 User Error [RFC2866][RFC7155]
28 Host Request [RFC2866][RFC7155]
29 Supplicant Restart [RFC3580][RFC7155]
30 Reauthentication Failure [RFC3580][RFC7155]
31 Port Reinitialized [RFC3580][RFC7155]
32 Port Administratively Disabled [RFC3580][RFC7155]

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Augmented Backus-Naur Symbols
Symbol / Name Defination
This symbol is typically used in the first line of a Command Code Format and
::=
can be read as "Defined as"

Are used inconjunction with AVPs or the Diameter Header and indicate the
<>
enclosed element is required and that its position is fixed.

Indicate that the enclosed element is mandatory but it may be located

{}
anywhere within the message or command.

Enclosed Elements are optional and may be located anywhere within the
[]
message or command.

This symbol is used as a qualifier indicating the Maximum and Minimum

times an element may occur. The absence of a qualifier has different
meanings determined by whether it precedes an fixed, required or optional
[min]*[max]
element. If a fixed or required element has no qualifier then only one
instance of the element is allowed. If the element is optional the absence of
a qualifier indicates that 0 or 1 of the elements may be present.

Represents the "R" bit in the flag protion of the Diameter Header. This
REQ
indicates the the command is a Request as opposed to an Answer.

Represents the "P" bit in the Diameter Header. This indicates that the
PXY
message is proxyable.

Represents the "E" bit in the Diameter Header. This indicates that the
ERR
Answer message conatins an error indicaton.

avp-spec A defined AVP Name in the Diameter Base Protocol or Diameter extension

Any arbitary AVP not otherwise listed in the Command Code Defination. The
avp-name inclusion of the term is recommended for all Command Code Definations to
facilitate Diameter extensibility.

Command Code Table

Command Name Acronym Code Page
Abort-Session-Request ASR 274 119
Abort-Session-Answer ASA 274 119
Capabilities-Exchange-Request CER 257 49
Capabilities-Exchange-Answer CEA 257 49
Device-Watchdog-Request DWR 280 55
Device-Watchdog-Answer DWA 280 55
Disconnect-Peer-Request DPR 282 53
Disconnect-Peer-Answer DPA 282 53
Re-Auth-Request RAR 258 115
Re-Auth-Answer RAA 258 115
Session-Termination-Request STR 275 117
Session-Termination-Answer STA 275 117
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Diameter AVP Table
AVP Flag Rules
Page
Attribute Name AVP Code Data Type Must Must Not
Acct-Interim-Interval 85 Unsigned32 M V 94
Accounting-Realtime-Required 483 Enumerated M V 95
Acct-Multi-Session-Id 50 UTF8String M V 95
Accounting-Record-Number 485 Unsigned32 M V 96
Accounting-Record-Type 480 Enumerated M V 96
Accounting-Session-Id 44 OctetString M V 97
Accounting-Sub-Session-Id 287 Unsigned64 M V 97
Acct-Application-Id 259 Unsigned32 M V 97
Auth-Application-Id 258 Unsigned32 M V 72
Auth-Request-Type 274 Enumerated M V 120
Authorization-Lifetime 291 Unsigned32 M V 122
Auth-Grace-Period 276 Unsigned32 M V 122
Auth-Session-State 277 Enumerated M V 122
Re-Auth-Request-Type 285 Enumerated M V 123
Class 25 OctetString M V 127
Destination-Host 293 DiamIdent M V 70
Destination-Realm 283 DiamIdent M V 71
Disconnect-Cause 273 Enumerated M V 54
Error-Message 281 UTF8String V, M 88
Error-Reporting-Host 294 DiamIdent V, M 88
Event-Timestamp 55 Time M V 128
Experimental-Result 297 Grouped M V 89
Experimental-Result-Code 298 Unsigned32 M V 89
Failed-AVP 279 Grouped M V 88
Firmware-Revision 267 Unsigned32 V, M 51
Host-IP-Address 257 Address M V 51
Inband-Security-Id 299 Unsigned32 M V 72

Diameter AVP Table (Continued)

AVP Flag Rules
Page
Attribute Name AVP Code Data Type Must Must Not
Multi-Round-Time-Out 272 Unsigned32 M V 127
Origin-Host 264 DiamIdent M V 70
Origin-Realm 296 DiamIdent M V 70
Origin-State-Id 278 Unsigned32 M V 126
Product-Name 269 UTF8String V, M 51
Proxy-Host 280 DiamIdent M V 72
Proxy-Info 284 Grouped M V 71
Proxy-State 33 OctetString M V 72
Redirect-Host 292 DiamURI M V 74
Redirect-Host-Usage 261 Enumerated M V 74
Redirect-Max-Cache-Time 262 Unsigned32 M V 75
Result-Code 268 Unsigned32 M V 79
Route-Record 282 DiamIdent M V 71
Session-Id 263 UTF8String M V 121
Session-Timeout 27 Unsigned32 M V 123
Session-Binding 270 Unsigned32 M V 126
Session-Server-Failover 271 Enumerated M V 126
Supported-Vendor-Id 265 Unsigned32 M V 51
Termination-Cause 295 Enumerated M V 125
User-Name 1 UTF8String M V 124
Vendor-Id 266 Unsigned32 M V 50
Vendor-Specific-Application-Id 260 Grouped M V 73

Diameter Base Protocol -- Pocket Guide                            25  

 Command Code

Notes:
Attribute Name CER CEA DPR DPA DWR DWA RAR RAA ASR ASA STR STA
Acct-Interim-Interval 0 0 0 0 0 0 0-1 0 0 0 0 0
Accounting-Realtime-Required 0 0 0 0 0 0 0-1 0 0 0 0 0
Acct-Application-Id 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Auth-Application-Id 0+ 0+ 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0
Auth-Grace-Period 0+ 0+ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Auth-Request-Type 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Auth-Session-State 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Authorization-Lifetime 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0+ 0+
Class 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Destination-Host 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0-1 0
Destination-Realm 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0
Disconnect-Cause 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Error-Message 0 0-1 0 0-1 0 0-1 0 0-1 0 0-1 0 0-1
Error-Reporting-Host 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Failed-AVP 0 0-1 0 0-1 0 0-1 0 0-1 0 0-1 0 0-1
Firmware-Revision 0-1 0-1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Diameter Command Code / AVP Table

Host-IP-Address 1+ 1+ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Inband-Security-Id 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Multi-Round-Time-Out 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Origin-Host 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

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 Command Code
Attribute Name CER CEA DPR DPA DWR DWA RAR RAA ASR ASA STR STA
Origin-Realm 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Origin-State-Id 0-1 0-1 0 0 0-1 0-1 0-1 0-1 0-1 0-1 0-1 0-1
Product-Name 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Proxy-Info 0 0 0 0 0 0 0+ 0+ 0+ 0+ 0+ 0+
Redirect-Host 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0+ 0 0+ 0 0+
Redirect-Host-Usage 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0-1 0 0-1 0 0-1
Redirect-Max-Cache-Time 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0-1 0 0-1 0 0-1
Result-Code 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1
Re-Auth-Request-Type 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Route-Record 0 0 0 0 0 0 0+ 0 0+ 0 0+ 0
Session Binding 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Session-Id 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1
Session-Server-Failover 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Session-Timeout 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Supported-Vendor-Id 0+ 0+ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Termination-Cause 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
User-Name 0 0 0 0 0 0 0-1 0-1 0-1 0-1 0-1 0-1
Vendor-Id 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Diameter Command Code / AVP Table (Continued)

Vendor-Specific-Application-Id 0+ 0+ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

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Diameter Accounting AVP Table
Command Code
Attribute Name ACR ACA
Acct-Interim-Interval 0-1 0-1
Accounting-Multi-Session-Id 0-1 0-1
Accounting-Record-Number 1 1
Accounting-Record-Type 1 1
Acct-Session-Id 0-1 0-1
Accounting-Sub-Session-Id 0-1 0-1
Accounting-Realtime-Required 0-1 0-1
Acct-Application-Id 0-1 0-1
Auth-Application-Id 0 0
Class 0+ 0+
Destination-Host 0-1 0
Destination-Realm 1 0
Diameter Accounting AVP Table (Continued)
Command Code
Attribute Name ACR ACA
Error-Reporting-Host 0 0+
Event-Timestamp 0-1 0-1
Failed-AVP 0 0-1
Origin-Host 1 1
Origin-Realm 1 1
Proxy-Info 0+ 0+
Route-Record 0+ 0
Result-Code 0 1
Origin-State-Id 0-1 0-1
Session-Id 1 1
Termination-Cause 0 0
User-Name 0-1 0-1
Vendor-Specific-Application-Id 0-1 0-1

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Glossary of Terms
Abbreviation Phrase
3GPP Third Generation Project Partnership
a record Address Record
AAA Authentication, Authorization & Accounting
AAAA Record IPv6 address record
ABNF Augmented Backus-Naur Form
ACA Accounitng-Answer
ACK Acknowledge Packet
ACR Accounitng-Request
ARPANET Advanced Research Projects Agency Network
ASA Abort-Session-Answer
ASR Abort-Session-Request
AVP Attribute Value Pair
CAMEL Customised Applications for Mobile network Enhanced Logic
CAP Camel Application Part
CDR Call Detail Record
CEA Capabilities-Exchange-Answer
CER Capabilities-Exchange-Request
CHAP Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol
DDDS Dynamic Delegation Discovery Service
DNS Domain Name Service
DPA Disconnect-Peer-Answer
DPR Disconnect-Peer-Request
DTLS Datagram Transport Layer Security
DWA Device-Watchdog-Answer
DWR Device-Watchdog-Request
EAP Extensible Authentication Protocol
EPC Evolved Packet Core
ERR "E-Bit" sey
FQDN Fully Qualified Domain Name
IANA Internet Assigned Numbers Authority
IETF Internet Engineering Task Force
IMS IP Multimedia Subsystems
INIT Initialization
INIT-ACK Initialization-Acknowledgement
IP Internet Protocol
IPSec IP Security
IPv4 IP version 4
IPv6 IP version 6

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Glossary of Terms (Continued)
Abbreviation Phrase
LAN Local Area Network
LTE Long Term Evolution
MAP Mobile Application Part
MB Mega Byte
NAI Network Address Identifier
NAPTR Name Authority Pointer
NAS Network Access Server
NASREQ Network Access Server Requirements
NBO Network Byte Order
PAP Password Authentication Protocol
PXY Proxy
QoS Quality of Service
RAA Re-Auth-Answer
RADIUS Remote Authentication Dial in User Service
RAR Re-Auth-Request
Regexp Regular Expression
REQ Request
RFC Request For Comment
S-NAPTR Straightforward-NAPTR
SCTP Stream Control Transmission Protocol
SIGTRAN Signaling Transport -- SS7 over IP
SS7 Signaling System 7
STA Session-Termination-Answer
STR Session-Termination-Request
SVR Service Record
SYN Synchronize Packet
SYN-ACK Synchronize-Acknowledgement Packet
TACACS Terminal Access Controller Access-Control System
TACAS+ Enhanced Terminal Access Controller Access-Control System
TCAP Transaction Capabilities Application Part
TCP Transmission Control Protocol
TLS Transport Layer Security
UDP User Datagram Protocol
WAN Wide Area Network

Although information contained in this document resembles specifications by national or

international standards bodies, nothing contained within this document is either warranted or
endorsed by said standards bodies. While every effort has been taken to ensure the accuracy
of this material, errors may exist and materials may become obsolete by more recent additions
of specifications. No development of actual product should be undertaken without referring to
the ANSI, ITU, ETSI, IETC or IETF specifications.

Diameter Base Protocol -- Pocket Guide                            30  

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