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Lab 1 Instrumentation

This document describes Lab Experiment #1 on operational amplifiers. The objectives are to design an op-amp with specified gain and investigate performance of inverting and non-inverting configurations. The lab procedures involve constructing inverting and non-inverting op-amp circuits using a 741 IC and measuring input and output waveforms. Questions ask to simulate the circuits in software and explain the difference between inverting and non-inverting amplifiers.

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Talha Jamal
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42 views5 pages

Lab 1 Instrumentation

This document describes Lab Experiment #1 on operational amplifiers. The objectives are to design an op-amp with specified gain and investigate performance of inverting and non-inverting configurations. The lab procedures involve constructing inverting and non-inverting op-amp circuits using a 741 IC and measuring input and output waveforms. Questions ask to simulate the circuits in software and explain the difference between inverting and non-inverting amplifiers.

Uploaded by

Talha Jamal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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LAB NO # 1

BAHRIA UNIVERSITY KARACHI CAMPUS


Department of Electrical Engineering

INSTRUMENTATION & MEASUREMENTS

LAB EXPERIMENT # 1

Operational Amplifier (Inverting Amplifier & non-Inverting


Amplifier)

OBJECTIVE
a) To design an operational amplifier with specified gain requirements.
b) To verify and investigate performance characteristics of inverting and non-inverting operational
amplifier.

EQUIPMENT

1. Breadboard
2. Oscilloscope (Dual' Channel)
3. Dual Power Supply
4. Resistance (10KΩ)
5. IC uA741

THEORY
An “ideal” or perfect operational amplifier is a device with certain special characteristics such as
infinite open-loop gain, infinite input resistance, zero output resistance, infinite bandwidth and zero
offset. Operational amplifiers are used extensively in signal conditioning or perform mathematical
operations as they are nearly ideal for DC amplification. It is fundamentally a voltage amplifying
device used with external feedback components such as resistors and capacitors between its output
and input terminals. An operational amplifier is basically a three-terminal device consisting of two
high impedance inputs, one called the inverting input (–) and the other one called the non-inverting
input (+). The third terminal represents the operational amplifiers output port which can both sink
and source either a voltage or a current.
The purpose of closed loop operation i.e. with feedback is to control the gain of an operational
amplifier as open loop operation (without feedback) has many limitations.

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LAB NO # 1

Figure 1.1: Symbol of op-amp IC 741

Pin Configuration of 741 IC:

Figure 1.2: Pin Configuration

The inverting amplifier's closed loop voltage gain can be less than, equal to or greater than 1.
As its name implies, its output signal is always inverted with respect to its input signal.
Inverting amplifier closed loop voltage gain is expressed as,

Rf
Av = − Eq.1.1
Ri

Where,
Rf = feedback resistance
Ri = input resistance

The non-inverting amplifier's closed loop gin is always greater than 1, while the input and
output signals are always in -phase. For non-inverting closed loop configuration voltage ‘gain is
expressed in equation 1.2.

2
LAB NO # 1

Rf
Av = 1 + Eq.1.2
Ri

Where, R f is a feedback resistance and R i is an input resistance

Symbol of Op-Amp IC 741:-

The Op–amp IC 741 has two input terminal, one output terminal and two supply voltage terminal as
shown in figure 1.1 and pin configuration is in figure 1.2. We can apply the input voltage which is to
be amplified to any one of this input pin connecting other pin to ground. The input terminal marked.

Figure 1.3: Inverting terminal

Circuit Diagram of Inverting Amplifier: -

Figure 1.4: Inverting Amplifier

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LAB NO # 1

with negative sign is called as inverting terminal (I) and input terminal marked with positive (+) sign
is called non-inverting terminal (NI).
In figure (1.3) input and output signal with 180 phase shift when the input signal is applied to
inverting terminal.
From figure 1.4,

Rf = R 4 , Ri = R 3

In figure (1.5) input and output signal with 0 phase shift when the input signal is applied to non-
inverting terminal.

From figure,

Rf = R 2 , R i = R 1

Figure 1.5: Non-Inverting terminal

Circuit Diagram of Non Inverting Amplifier: -

Figure 1.6: Non-Inverting Amplifier

4
LAB NO # 1

PROCEDURE AND OBSERVATION:

1. Construct the circuit as shown in figure 1.4.


2. Set the function generator to get the following output:
i. Vout : 0.5 Vp peak
ii. Frequency: 500 Hz
iii. Waveform: Sinusoidal
3. Set the oscilloscope for the following approximate settings:
i. Channel 1 and 2: 0.5 V/division, ac coupling
ii. base: 1 ms/division

4. Connect the channel 1 of the oscilloscope to the pin 3 of the operational


Amplifier. Connect the channel 2 to the pin 6 of the operational amplifier.

5. Record the waveforms on the graph paper in figure.


6. Construct the circuit as shown in figure 1.6.

EXERCISE:
Q1: Simulate inverting and non-inverting configurations of op amp using MULTISIM software.

Q2: What is difference between inverting and non-inverting amplifier?

CONCLUSION:

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