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Tutorial 13

This document contains 6 examples of calculating diffusion rates of various gases (CO2, H2, N2) through different materials (rubber, neoprene, nylon, polyethylene, sand) using data on gas solubility, diffusivity, pressure, thickness and other parameters. The examples provide step-by-step working to determine diffusion fluxes and leakage rates in units of kg/mol/s or kg/mol/s.m2 at steady state conditions.

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Yazan Abuhabib
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20 views2 pages

Tutorial 13

This document contains 6 examples of calculating diffusion rates of various gases (CO2, H2, N2) through different materials (rubber, neoprene, nylon, polyethylene, sand) using data on gas solubility, diffusivity, pressure, thickness and other parameters. The examples provide step-by-step working to determine diffusion fluxes and leakage rates in units of kg/mol/s or kg/mol/s.m2 at steady state conditions.

Uploaded by

Yazan Abuhabib
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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TUTORIAL 13

6.5-1. Diffusion of CO2 Through Rubber. A flat plug 30 mm thick having an area of 4 x 10-4
m2 and made of vulcanized rubber is used for closing an opening in a container. The gas CO2 at
25°C and 2.0 atm pressure is inside the container. Calculate the total leakage or diffusion of
CO2 through the plug to the outside in kg mol CO2/s at steady state. Assume that the partial
pressure of CO2 outside is zero. From Barrer (B5) the solubility of the CO2 gas is 0.90 m3 gas
(at STP of 0°C and 1 atm) per m3 rubber per atm pressure of CO2. The diffusivity is 0.11 x 10- 9
m2/s.

Answer: 1.178 x 10-13 kg mol CO2/s

6.5-2. Leakage of Hydrogen Through Neoprene Rubber. Pure hydrogen gas at 2.0 atm abs
pressure and 27°C is flowing past a vulcanized neoprene rubber slab 5 mm thick. Using the
data from Table 6.5-1, calculate the diffusion flux in kg mol/s.m2 at steady state. Assume no
resistance to diffusion outside the slab and zero partial pressure of H2 on the outside.

Answer: 1.70 x 10-10 kg mol H2/s.m2

6.5-3. Relation Between Diffusivity and Permeability. The gas hydrogen is diffusing through a
sheet of vulcanized rubber 20 mm thick at 25°C. The partial pressure of H2 inside is 1.5 atm
and 0 outside. Using the data from Table 6.5-1, calculate the following.

(a) The diffusivity DAB from the permeability PM and solubility S and compare with the value
in Table 6.5-1.

(b) The flux NA of H2 at steady state.

Answer: a) 8.55 x 10-10 m2/s b) 1.144 x 10-10 kgmol/s.m2


6.5-4. Loss from a Tube of Neoprene. Hydrogen gas at 2.0 atm and 27°C is flowing in a
neoprene tube 3.0 mm inside diameter and 11 mm outside diameter. Calculate the leakage of
H2 through a tube 1.0 m long in kg mol H2/s at steady state.

Answer: 4.117 x 10-12 kgmol H2/s

6.5-5. Diffusion Through Membranes in Series. Nitrogen gas at 2.0 atm and 30°C is diffusing
through a membrane of nylon 1.0 mm thick and polyethylene 8.0 mm thick in series. The
partial pressure at the other side of the two films is 0 atm. Assuming no other resistances,
calculate the flux NA at steady state.

6.5-6. Diffusion of CO2 in a Packed Bed of Sand. It is desired to calculate the rate of diffusion
of CO2 gas in air at steady state through a loosely packed bed of sand at 276 K and a total
pressure of 1.013 x 105 Pa. The bed depth is 1.25 m and the void fraction ℇ is 0.30. The partial
pressure of CO2 at the top of the bed is 2.026 x 103 Pa and 0 Pa at the bottom. Use a ℸ of 1.87.

Answer: NA = 1.609 x 10-9 kgmol CO2/s.m2

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